Special fertilizer for film-covered plants and preparation and use methods thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fertilizer specifically for film-mulched plants and its preparation and use methods. The fertilizer specifically for film-mulched plants comprises potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium fulvic acid, photosynthetic bacteria, and polyacrylamide, and is characterized in that it does not contain dark substances; the dark substances are black in color. This application can strengthen seedlings and increase the yield of film-mulched plants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of special fertilizer production, and more specifically, relates to a special fertilizer for film-covered plants and a preparation and use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Soil mulching can improve the relationship between water, fertilizer, air, heat and biological factors in the plow layer, creating a good ecological environment for plant growth and development, especially better retaining moisture and reducing water evaporation. Gansu Province, as a province with more serious water shortages, is more common in crop planting using mulching, among which corn, potatoes and wheat are more common.

[0003] Slow-release fertilizer has the advantages of saving fertilizer, labor and manpower, and has been widely accepted. Using it in planting has a certain effect of increasing yield.

[0004] It has been nearly twenty years since it was produced. It is puzzling that land that has been applied with slow-release fertilizers for a long time and crops grown using film covering have problems such as weak seedling emergence and reduced yields.

[0005] There is currently no solution to the problem of weak seedling emergence and reduced yield when using film mulching to grow crops on land that has been using slow-release fertilizers for a long time. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The invention provides a fertilizer specifically for film-mulched plants and a preparation and use method thereof, and solves the technical problem that land that has been using slow-release fertilizer for a long time is planted in a film-mulched manner, resulting in weak seedling emergence and reduced yield.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A special fertilizer for film-mulched plants comprises potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium fulvic acid, photosynthetic bacteria and polyacrylamide. The potassium fulvic acid is biochemical potassium fulvic acid and does not contain dark substances; the dark substances are black in color.

[0009] The special fertilizer for film-mulched plants according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium fulvic acid, photosynthetic bacteria and polyacrylamide is 10-100:800-988:1-50:1-50.

[0010] The dark matter includes one or more of mineral-source potassium humate, humic acid, coal gangue, potassium humate, sodium humate and weathered coal.

[0011] The polyacrylamide is cationic polyacrylamide.

[0012] The invention discloses a method for preparing a special fertilizer for film-mulching plants. The method comprises the following steps: evenly mixing potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium humate, photosynthetic bacteria and polyacrylamide to obtain the special fertilizer for film-mulching plants.

[0013] The method for using the special fertilizer for film-covered plants is characterized in that, after sowing, the special fertilizer for film-covered plants is spread on the ground where the film is to be laid, and then the film is covered;

[0014] The dosage of special fertilizer for mulching plants is 40 to 200 kg per mu.

[0015] The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0016] 1. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate is added to the present invention to synthesize ATP and provide energy for photosynthetic bacteria.

[0017] 2. This application adds potassium humate, which provides nutrients for photosynthetic bacteria, and is required to contain no dark matter. This is because dark matter is dark in color, blocks light, and affects the photosynthesis of photosynthetic bacteria. As a result, it cannot better solve the problem of weak seedling emergence and reduced yield when land with long-term use of slow-release fertilizers is planted in a film-covered manner.

[0018] 3. Polyacrylamide is added in this application, and its functions are: 1) to absorb moisture and activate photosynthetic bacteria; 2) to absorb moisture and prevent water evaporation, thereby preventing water droplets from adhering to the film, reducing the refraction of light by water droplets, and affecting the photosynthesis of photosynthetic bacteria; 3) to flocculate photosynthetic bacteria, reduce their loss, and form a population effect, thereby improving the use effect of photosynthetic bacteria and solving the problem of weak seedling emergence and reduced yield when land with long-term use of slow-release fertilizers is planted using film covering.

[0019] 4. The polyacrylamide used in this application is cationic polyacrylamide, which can better solve the problem of weak seedling emergence and reduced yield when land with long-term use of slow-release fertilizers is planted in a film-covered manner.

[0020] 5. The usage method of the present application is to sprinkle the special fertilizer for film-covered plants on the ground where the film is to be laid after sowing, and then cover the ground with film. This can better solve the problem of weak seedling emergence and reduced yield when the land where slow-release fertilizers have been used for a long time is planted by covering with film. If base application is used, the photosynthetic bacteria will be covered by the soil and cannot receive sunlight, which will lead to the inability to better solve the problem of weak seedling emergence and reduced yield when the land where slow-release fertilizers have been used for a long time is planted by covering with film.

[0021] 6. Since soil compaction and film covering may cause soil hypoxia, slow-release fertilizers are mostly sulfur-coated. Therefore, the possible reaction equations in this application are: under anaerobic conditions, sulfate-reducing bacteria reduce SO42- to S2-, 4H2+SO42------S2-+4H2O; CH3COOH+SO42-----S2-+2CO2; photosynthetic bacteria use S2- as an electron donor, and the equation is CO2+S2-----S0+CH2O; taking organic acids as an example, C3H4O3+3H2O----6H2+3CO2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] Special fertilizer for film-covered plants, composed of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, biochemical potassium humate, photosynthetic bacteria and anionic polyacrylamide in a mass ratio of 60:936:2:2.

[0025] The invention discloses a method for preparing a special fertilizer for film-mulching plants. The method comprises the following steps: evenly mixing potassium dihydrogen phosphate, biochemical potassium fulvic acid, photosynthetic bacteria and polyacrylamide to obtain the special fertilizer for film-mulching plants.

[0026] How to use the special fertilizer for film-covered plants: After sowing, spread the special fertilizer for film-covered plants on the ground where the film is to be laid, and then cover the ground with film;

[0027] The dosage of special fertilizer for mulching plants is 50kg / mu.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] Special fertilizer for film-covered plants, composed of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, biochemical potassium humate, photosynthetic bacteria and non-ionic polyacrylamide in a mass ratio of 60:936:2:2.

[0030] The method for preparing a special fertilizer for film-mulching plants comprises the following steps: evenly mixing potassium dihydrogen phosphate, biochemical potassium fulvic acid, photosynthetic bacteria and non-ionic polyacrylamide to obtain the special fertilizer for film-mulching plants.

[0031] How to use the special fertilizer for film-covered plants: After sowing, spread the special fertilizer for film-covered plants on the ground where the film is to be laid, and then cover the ground with film;

[0032] The dosage of special fertilizer for mulching plants is 50kg / mu.

[0033] Example 3

[0034] Special fertilizer for film-mulched plants, composed of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, biochemical potassium humate, photosynthetic bacteria and cationic polyacrylamide in a mass ratio of 60:936:2:2.

[0035] The invention discloses a method for preparing a special fertilizer for film-mulching plants. The method comprises the following steps: evenly mixing potassium dihydrogen phosphate, biochemical potassium fulvic acid, photosynthetic bacteria and cationic polyacrylamide to obtain the special fertilizer for film-mulching plants.

[0036] How to use the special fertilizer for film-covered plants: After sowing, spread the special fertilizer for film-covered plants on the ground where the film is to be laid, and then cover the ground with film;

[0037] The dosage of special fertilizer for mulching plants is 50kg / mu.

[0038] Example 4

[0039] The special fertilizer for film-covered plants is composed of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, biochemical potassium humate, photosynthetic bacteria, yeast and cationic polyacrylamide in a mass ratio of 60:934:2:2:2.

[0040] The method for preparing a special fertilizer for film-mulching plants comprises the following steps: evenly mixing potassium dihydrogen phosphate, biochemical potassium fulvic acid, photosynthetic bacteria, yeast and cationic polyacrylamide to obtain the special fertilizer for film-mulching plants.

[0041] How to use the special fertilizer for film-covered plants: After sowing, spread the special fertilizer for film-covered plants on the ground where the film is to be laid, and then cover the ground with film;

[0042] The dosage of special fertilizer for mulching plants is 80kg / mu.

[0043] Example 5

[0044] Special fertilizer for film-covered plants, composed of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, biochemical potassium humate, photosynthetic bacteria and cationic polyacrylamide in a mass ratio of 80:895:10:15.

[0045] The invention discloses a method for preparing a special fertilizer for film-mulching plants. The method comprises the following steps: evenly mixing potassium dihydrogen phosphate, biochemical potassium fulvic acid, photosynthetic bacteria and cationic polyacrylamide to obtain the special fertilizer for film-mulching plants.

[0046] How to use the special fertilizer for film-covered plants: After sowing, spread the special fertilizer for film-covered plants on the ground where the film is to be laid, and then cover the ground with film;

[0047] The dosage of special fertilizer for mulching plants is 100kg / mu.

[0048] The biochemical potassium fulvic acid and mineral-source potassium fulvic acid are both purchased from Jinan Hongqiao Chemical Co., Ltd., wherein the biochemical potassium fulvic acid is yellow and the mineral-source potassium fulvic acid is black.

[0049] The photosynthetic bacteria and Bacillus subtilis were purchased from Jinan Jinyuyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0050] Polyacrylamide was purchased from Kaifeng Hongyuan Water Treatment Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0051] Potassium dihydrogen phosphate was purchased from Sichuan Detianhong Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0052] The beneficial effects of the present invention are further illustrated below in conjunction with experimental data:

[0053] Test materials

[0054] 1.1 Test location: Tuanjie Town, Anding District, Dingxi City.

[0055] 1.2 Experimental test: When the corn seedlings were at the six-leaf stage, the plant height (cm), stem diameter (cm), leaf area (cm2), relative chlorophyll content (SPAD) and yield per mu (kg / mu) were tested and the average values ​​were taken.

[0056] 1.3 Test materials: corn variety: Xianyu 335; Comparison 1 (except that the biochemical potassium humate was replaced by mineral potassium humate, the others were the same as in Example 1), Comparison 2 (except that the biochemical potassium humate was replaced by mineral potassium humate and biochemical potassium humate in a mass ratio of 1:1, the others were the same as in Example 1), Comparison 3 (except that the photosynthetic bacteria was replaced by Bacillus subtilis, the others were the same as in Example 1), Comparison 4 (except that the photosynthetic bacteria was replaced by yeast, the others were the same as in Example 1), Comparison 5 (except that basal application was used, the others were the same as in Example 1, wherein the basal application depth was 12-14 cm), and the special fertilizer for mulched plants prepared in Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, and Example 4.

[0057] The mineral source potassium fulvic acid was purchased from Jinan Hongqiao Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0058] 1.4 Experimental method: Take 4 mu of experimental field, which has been using slow-release fertilizer for 8 consecutive years, and has problems of weak seedlings and reduced yield. The experimental field is divided into 18 plots, each plot is 100 square meters, and an isolation belt is set between adjacent plots for each test. It is parallel and divided into two experimental groups, each experimental group corresponding to 9 plots, and the plots are randomly corresponding to Comparison 1 (except that biochemical potassium fulvate is replaced by mineral potassium fulvate, the others are consistent with Example 1), Comparison 2 (except that biochemical potassium fulvate is replaced by mineral potassium fulvate and biochemical potassium fulvate according to a mass ratio of 1:1, the others are consistent with Example 1), Comparison 3 (except that photosynthetic bacteria are replaced by Bacillus subtilis, the others are consistent with Example 1), Comparison 4 (except that photosynthetic bacteria are replaced by yeast, the others are consistent with Example 1), Comparison 5 (except that base application is adopted, the others are consistent with Example 1, wherein the base application depth is 12-14 cm), Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 and Example 4.

[0059] 1.5 Detection method: Plant height was measured with a ruler; stem diameter was measured with a vernier caliper; leaf area was measured with a handheld living leaf area meter YT-YMJ03; SPAD was detected with a SPAD chlorophyll meter.

[0060] Except for the experimental treatment, other operations were the same in this experiment.

[0061] 2 Results and Analysis

[0062] The average values ​​of plant height (cm), stem diameter (cm), leaf area (cm2), relative chlorophyll content (SPAD) and yield per mu (kg / mu) are shown in Table 1

[0063] Table 1

[0064]

[0065] From the comparison of the data of Comparison 1 (except that the biochemical potassium fulvic acid is replaced by mineral potassium fulvic acid, the others are consistent with Example 1), Comparison 2 (except that the biochemical potassium fulvic acid is replaced by mineral potassium fulvic acid and biochemical potassium fulvic acid in a mass ratio of 1:1, the others are consistent with Example 1) and Example 1, it can be seen that the choice of potassium fulvic acid directly affects the effect of the present application, and Example 1 in which the light-colored biochemical potassium fulvic acid is selected has a better effect.

[0066] From the comparison of the data of Comparison 3 (except that the photosynthetic bacteria were replaced by Bacillus subtilis, all others were consistent with Example 1), Comparison 4 (except that the photosynthetic bacteria were replaced by yeast, all others were consistent with Example 1) and Example 1, it can be seen that Example 1 in which photosynthetic bacteria were selected has a better effect.

[0067] From the comparison of the data of Comparison 5 (except for the use of base application, all others are consistent with Example 1, wherein the base application depth is 12-14 cm) and Example 1, it can be seen that the different methods of use also directly affect the effect of this application. After sowing, the special fertilizer for mulching plants is spread on the ground where the film is to be laid, and then the film is covered, and the effect of Example 1 is better.

[0068] Among them, the possible reason for comparison 1 and comparison 2 is that the dark matter affects the light, which makes the photosynthetic bacteria unable to fully carry out photosynthesis, and thus cannot solve the problem of using film covering to plant on land that has been using slow-release fertilizers for a long time, resulting in weak seedling emergence and reduced yield.

[0069] The possible reason for comparison 5 is that after base application, the photosynthetic bacteria cannot fully carry out photosynthesis due to the obstruction of the soil, which in turn makes it impossible to solve the problem of poor seedling emergence and reduced yield when planting on land that has been using slow-release fertilizers for a long time using film covering.

[0070] From the comparison of the data of Example 1, Example 2 and Example 3, it can be seen that the different ionic types of the added polyacrylamide result in different results. Among them, the effect of Example 3 in which cationic polyacrylamide is selected is better than that of Example 2 in which nonionic polyacrylamide is selected, and Example 2 in which nonionic polyacrylamide is selected is better than that of Example 1 in which anionic polyacrylamide is selected.

[0071] From the comparison of Comparison 3 (except that photosynthetic bacteria were replaced by Bacillus subtilis, all other aspects were consistent with Example 1), Comparison 4 (except that photosynthetic bacteria were replaced by yeast, all other aspects were consistent with Example 1) and Example 1, it can be seen that the effect of photosynthetic bacteria is much better than other beneficial bacteria.

[0072] Furthermore, from the comparison of the data of Example 3 and Example 4, it can be seen that the additional addition of anaerobic and aerobic yeast does not affect the use effect, and it can be seen that photosynthetic bacteria are the determining factor for the use effect of this application.

Claims

1. A fertilizer specifically for film-mulching plants, comprising potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium fulvic acid, photosynthetic bacteria and polyacrylamide, characterized in that: The potassium fulvic acid is biochemical potassium fulvic acid and does not contain dark matter; the dark matter is black in color; The mass ratio of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium fulvic acid, photosynthetic bacteria and polyacrylamide is 10-100:800-988:1-50:1-50.

2. The special fertilizer for film-covered plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polyacrylamide is cationic polyacrylamide.

3. The method for preparing the film-covered plant fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: Mix potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium humate, photosynthetic bacteria and polyacrylamide to obtain a special fertilizer for film-mulched plants.

4. A method for using the film-covered plant fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2 or the film-covered plant fertilizer obtained by the preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: After sowing, spread the special fertilizer for film-covered plants on the ground where the film is to be laid, and then cover the ground with film; the amount of special fertilizer for film-covered plants is 40 to 200 kg per mu.

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