Construction method of low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driving and pile driver

Abstract

The application discloses a construction method of low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driving and a pile driver, and the construction method comprises the following steps: S1, pile driver is in place, S2, pile driver is placed, debugged and horizontally calibrated, S3, piles are fed, S4, the pile pressing position is aligned, and S5, the pile is pressed and sent.The construction method and the pile driver can make the pile body of the to-be-constructed prefabricated pile pass through the pile hammer, reduce the height of the hammer core and the movement stroke height of the hammer core, greatly reduce the height of the pile frame and the gravity center of the equipment, greatly reduce the risk of overturning, make the minimum construction height during the prefabricated pile construction close to the length of the single-section prefabricated pile, and simultaneously solve the technical problems in the aspects of construction efficiency, construction quality, shock absorption and noise reduction, construction safety and environmental protection through the synchronous improvement of the structure design of the pile driving equipment and the construction method, and the efficiency, safety and accuracy of the construction process can be ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of pile foundation construction equipment, and particularly relates to a construction method of low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driving and a pile driver. BACKGROUND

[0002] The hammer pile driver has the advantages of fast construction, reliable quality, large bearing capacity, low cost, wide application stratum, etc., and is widely used in pile foundation engineering of various engineering construction.

[0003] The hammer pile driver device usually comprises a pile hammer, a pile frame and a power device. The traditional hammering method is to set a pile cap on the top of the pile, and to drive the pile into the designated stratum by hammering the pile cap through various hammers (drop hammer, steam hammer, diesel hammer and hydraulic hammer). The traditional hammer pile method is convenient to construct and simple in principle, but the pile frame body height (the pile frame body height is equal to the single-section construction pile length + hammer height + hammer stroke + construction operation height) must be large, and the traditional hammer pile driver has the following shortcomings: 1) cannot be applied to low-clearance sites. The high pile frame limits the application range of the hammer pile, so that the hammer pile cannot be used in some low-clearance scenes (such as indoor foundation reinforcement, under the support beam in the foundation pit, under the viaduct, in the tunnel, etc.). 2) The equipment has high requirements for the site. In order to prevent the pile driver from overturning during construction, the high pile frame needs to set a large chassis to ensure the stability of the pile driver, and the large chassis further limits the use range of the hammer pile, and also increases the equipment cost and construction cost of the pile driver. 3) The pile head is prone to burst. Due to the structural reasons, the reinforcement is dense at the end of the precast pile, the elastic modulus of the reinforcement and the concrete is inconsistent, and the concrete at the end of the pile is difficult to pour and compact. The pile hammer produces very high hammering compressive stress on the top of the pile, and the pile hammer produces hammering tensile stress on the top of the pile when rebounding, which is prone to quality problems such as burst of the top of the pile when continuously hammering.

[0004] The prior art, application number CN93241680.2, is a pile hammer and an indoor pile driver using the pile hammer. The pile hammer includes a hammer sleeve with a hole in the bottom; a pile cap that can be worn in the hole and can slide; a limiting device for controlling the sliding range of the pile cap is arranged on the hammer sleeve; the bottom of the pile cap is provided with a first interface for sleeving a pile; a weight is slidably arranged on the upper part of the pile cap in the hammer sleeve and can hit the upper part of the pile cap from top to bottom; a positioning device for ensuring that the weight acts on the pile cap is arranged on the weight, and the positioning device is a second interface for sleeving the upper part of the pile cap; a hydraulic device for lifting the weight so that the weight falls on the pile cap; and a first buffer pad device for buffering the impact of the weight on the pile cap and / or a second buffer pad device between the pile cap and the hammer sleeve; the pile driver is also provided with a control part, a power part, and a guide frame device for tilting the pile hammer to transport or straightening to work or changing the height during work; the pile driver is also provided with a chassis mounted on a traction machine that can drive the pile driver to move, and the pile hammer and the guide frame part thereof are arranged on the chassis; the pile driver also includes retractable anchoring legs for supporting and anchoring. Although the prior art can save part of the height of the pile frame, the minimum construction height required during construction is equal to the single-section construction pile length + hammer height + hammer stroke, but it still cannot be used in some low-clearance scenarios; the pile hammer is suspended at the front end of the crawler tractor, and the pile driver is prone to overturning, which has poor stability; in addition, the prior art still uses the traditional hammering pile head method to sink the pile, and the pile head is still prone to bursting, which affects the construction quality and efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, in the construction process of the low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driving of the prior art, it is difficult to balance the technical problems of construction efficiency, construction quality, shock absorption and noise reduction, construction safety and environmental protection, and it is difficult to ensure the efficiency, safety and accuracy of the construction process. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, provide a low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driving construction method and pile driver, based on the various needs of low-clearance scene pile driving construction, through the synchronous improvement of pile driving equipment structure design and construction method, the pile driving equipment and the construction method are coordinated with each other, which can balance the technical problems of construction efficiency, construction quality, shock absorption and noise reduction, construction safety and environmental protection, and can ensure the efficiency, safety and accuracy of the construction process.

[0007] The technical scheme is as follows:

[0008] A low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driving construction method, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1, the pile machine is in place, the low-clearance hydraulic hammer is moved to the height-limiting construction area, the low-clearance hydraulic hammer includes a pile frame and a clamping type hammer, the pile frame includes a leveling base, two amplitude cylinders, a vertical slide and a driving motor for driving the clamping type hammer to rise and fall along the vertical slide, the clamping type hammer includes a wedge type pile clamping device, an anvil, a hammer core, a door type hammer frame and two hammering oil cylinders for driving the hammer core to reciprocate from top to bottom to hit the anvil, the middle of the hammer core and the anvil is respectively provided with a through hole for penetrating the precast pile, and the middle of the wedge type pile clamping device is provided with a pile clamping hole for clamping the precast pile;

[0010] S2, pile machine placement debugging and horizontal calibration, the low-clearance hydraulic hammer is placed above the pile position of the pile foundation to be constructed, and the bottom frame of the leveling base is in a horizontal state by adjusting the four telescopic legs of the leveling base; the two amplitude cylinders are controlled to extend, so that the vertical slide is perpendicular to the bottom frame, then the clamping type hammer is controlled to rise to the uppermost end of the vertical slide by the driving motor, and the vertical distance H1 between the pile clamping wedge of the wedge type pile clamping device and the working surface of the pile position of the pile foundation to be constructed is obtained;

[0011] S3, feeding pile, the two amplitude cylinders are controlled to contract, so that the vertical slide is placed horizontally above the bottom frame of the leveling base, and the clamping type hammer is placed horizontally above the bottom frame of the leveling base by the vertical slide, then the pile clamping wedges of the wedge type pile clamping device are adjusted to a low position, so as to expand the hole diameter of the pile clamping hole of the wedge type pile clamping device, then the top end of the precast pile to be constructed is sequentially penetrated through the pile clamping hole and the through hole of the clamping type hammer, and the middle part of the precast pile to be constructed is clamped by the pile clamping wedge of the wedge type pile clamping device, at this time, the distance H2 between the bottom end of the precast pile to be constructed and the clamping position of the pile clamping wedge is less than H1;

[0012] S4, the position of pile pressing is aligned, the two amplitude cylinders are controlled to extend, so that the inclination angle of the clamping type hammer corresponds to the design inclination angle of the precast pile to be constructed, then the clamping type hammer is controlled to descend by the driving motor, so that the pile bottom of the precast pile to be constructed abuts to the pile position of the pile foundation to be constructed;

[0013] S5, pile pressing and pile feeding, the two hammering oil cylinders are controlled to drive the hammer core to reciprocate from top to bottom to hit the anvil, the anvil acts on the wedge type pile clamping device, and the precast pile is driven to sink into the foundation by the pile clamping wedge of the wedge type pile clamping device.

[0014] The step S5 includes the following steps:

[0015] S51, in the process of pressing and feeding the precast pile, when the distance between the clamping position of the wedge clamping device clamping the precast pile to be constructed and the working surface is less than 0.5 m, first stop the hitting action of the two hammer oil cylinders, then control the wedge clamping device to loosen the clamping of the precast pile, adjust the plurality of pile clamping wedges of the wedge clamping device to the low position, thereby expanding the hole diameter of the pile clamping hole of the wedge clamping device; then control the driving motor to lift the clamping hammer along the upper end direction of the vertical slide, and when the wedge clamping device clamps the precast pile again, continue to control the two hammer oil cylinders to hit the anvil up and down reciprocating, and continue to drive the precast pile to sink through the pile clamping wedge of the wedge clamping device.

[0016] The length of the pile foundation to be constructed is greater than the clear height of the height-limited construction area, and the pile foundation to be constructed includes a plurality of precast piles, and the step S5 further includes the following steps:

[0017] S521, in the process of pressing and feeding the precast pile, when the distance between the top of the next section of precast pile and the working surface is 0.5 m to 0.7 m, first stop the hitting action of the two hammer oil cylinders, loosen the clamping of the next section of precast pile, control the driving motor to lift the clamping hammer to the uppermost end of the vertical slide, thereby moving the clamping hammer away to the upper side of the next section of precast pile, then hoist the last section of precast pile, and sequentially pass the lower end of the last section of precast pile through the through hole of the clamping hammer, the pile clamping hole, then control the pile clamping wedge of the wedge clamping device to clamp the middle part of the last section of precast pile, and make the pile bottom of the last section of precast pile abut on the top of the next section of precast pile;

[0018] S522, splicing, splicing the last section of precast pile and the next section of precast pile;

[0019] S523, pressing and feeding the last section of precast pile, after the last section of precast pile completes the splicing operation with the next section of precast pile, control the two hammer oil cylinders to continue to hit the anvil up and down reciprocating, feed the last section of precast pile into the foundation until the pile foundation construction is completed.

[0020] The low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driver for implementing the construction method comprises a pile frame and a clamping hammer pile driver, the pile frame comprises a leveling base, two amplitude cylinders, a vertical slide and a driving motor for driving the clamping hammer pile driver to ascend and descend along the vertical slide, the leveling base comprises a base frame and four telescopic legs, the four telescopic legs are respectively installed at four corners of the bottom surface of the base frame, the lower ends of the two sides of the vertical slide are respectively rotationally connected with the front ends of the top surface of the base frame, the lower ends of the two sides of the amplitude cylinders are respectively hingedly connected with the rear ends of the top surface of the base frame, and the upper ends of the two sides of the amplitude cylinders are respectively hingedly connected with the upper ends of the vertical slide; the clamping hammer pile driver comprises a wedge clamping device, an anvil, a hammer core, a gate-shaped hammer frame and two hammering cylinders for driving the hammer core to reciprocate from top to bottom to strike the anvil, the two sides of the wedge clamping device are respectively connected with the lower ends of the gate-shaped hammer frame, the anvil is installed above the wedge clamping device, the hammer core is installed in the gate-shaped hammer frame and is vertically slidably connected with the gate-shaped hammer frame, the middle of the hammer core and the anvil is respectively provided with a through hole for penetrating a precast pile, the middle of the wedge clamping device is provided with a clamping hole for clamping the precast pile by a plurality of clamping wedges, and the through hole and the clamping hole are vertically and oppositely arranged from top to bottom.

[0021] The gate-shaped hammer frame comprises a hammer frame top plate, a first guide rail and a second guide rail, the upper ends of the first guide rail and the second guide rail are respectively connected with the bottom surface of the hammer frame top plate, the middle of the top of the hammer frame top plate is provided with a avoiding notch, the two sides of the wedge clamping device are respectively connected with the lower ends of the first guide rail and the second guide rail, the two sides of the hammer core are vertically slidably connected with the first guide rail and the second guide rail through sliding grooves, the two hammering cylinders are respectively installed at the two ends of the hammer frame top plate, the lower ends of the piston rods of the two hammering cylinders are respectively hingedly connected with the two sides of the hammer core, the through hole comprises a first through hole and a second through hole, the first through hole is arranged in the middle of the hammer core, and the second through hole is arranged in the middle of the anvil, and the avoiding notch, the first through hole, the second through hole and the clamping hole are vertically and oppositely arranged from top to bottom.

[0022] The anvil comprises an anvil body, a hammering backing plate and a hammering buffer pad, the anvil body, the hammering backing plate and the hammering buffer pad are respectively annular, the anvil body is provided with an annular buffer groove above, the hammering buffer pad is installed in the buffer groove, the hammering backing plate is installed above the hammering buffer pad and is matched and covered on the notch of the buffer groove, and the inner ring of the annular anvil body forms the second through hole.

[0023] The clamping type hammer pile hammer further comprises two pile hammer lifting lugs, two limiting buffer pads, two pile hammer lifting lugs are installed on the top surface of the hammer frame top plate and are located on both sides of the avoidance gap, and two limiting buffer pads are respectively installed on the bottom surface of the hammer frame top plate and are located directly above the hammer core.

[0024] The clamping type hammer pile hammer further comprises two first oil cylinder buffer washers, two second oil cylinder buffer washers, and two oil cylinder gland nuts, the hammering oil cylinder comprises a hammering oil cylinder body, an oil cylinder fixing washer, and a hammering piston rod, both sides of the hammer core are respectively provided with hammer ears, both ends of the hammer frame top plate are respectively provided with oil cylinder installation through holes, the hammering oil cylinder body passes through the first oil cylinder buffer washer, the oil cylinder fixing washer, the second oil cylinder buffer washer, and the oil cylinder installation through hole from top to bottom, the outer side surface of the hammering oil cylinder body is fixedly connected with the oil cylinder fixing washer, the oil cylinder gland nut is tightly covered on the outer side of the first oil cylinder buffer washer, the oil cylinder fixing washer, and the second oil cylinder buffer washer, and is connected with the top surface of the hammer frame top plate, and the lower end of the hammering piston rod is hingedly connected with the hammer core through the hammer ear.

[0025] The wedge type pile clamping device further comprises a wedge-shaped cylinder body, a plurality of hydraulic clamping oil cylinders, and a plurality of oil cylinder bases, the wedge-shaped cylinder body has an inner cylinder hole, the inner cylinder hole gradually expands in a conical frustum shape from top to bottom, the thickness of the pile clamping wedge gradually expands from top to bottom, the hydraulic clamping oil cylinder comprises a clamping oil cylinder body and a clamping piston rod, the upper end of the clamping piston rod is hingedly connected with the bottom surface of the anvil, the clamping oil cylinder body is connected with the bottom surface of the pile clamping wedge through the oil cylinder base, a plurality of pile clamping wedges are telescoped and inserted into the inner cylinder hole from bottom to top, and the inner side surface of the plurality of pile clamping wedges surrounds the pile clamping hole.

[0026] The clamping type hammer pile hammer further comprises four oil cylinder lifting lugs, the number of the hydraulic clamping oil cylinder, the pile clamping wedge, and the oil cylinder base corresponds to the number of the oil cylinder lifting lug, the four oil cylinder lifting lugs are uniformly installed on the bottom surface of the anvil, and the clamping piston rod of each hydraulic clamping oil cylinder is hingedly connected with each oil cylinder lifting lug.

[0027] The vertical sliding frame comprises two vertical sliding rails and a U-shaped back frame, the lower ends of the two vertical sliding rails are respectively rotationally connected with the front ends of both sides of the top surface of the base frame, the two sides of the U-shaped back frame are fixedly connected with the two vertical sliding rails, and the two sides of the clamping type hammer pile hammer are vertically slidably connected with the two vertical sliding rails.

[0028] The driving motor comprises two hoists and two steel wires, the vertical sliding frame further comprises two fixed pulleys, the two fixed pulleys are respectively installed at the upper ends of the two vertical sliding rails, the two hoists are respectively installed on the two sides of the top surface of the base frame, one end of the steel wire is connected with the hoist, and the other end of the steel wire is wound around the fixed pulley and connected with one side of the clamping type hammering pile hammer.

[0029] The leveling base further comprises a pillow beam installed at the rear end of the top surface of the base frame.

[0030] It should be noted that:

[0031] The aforementioned "first, second, etc." do not represent specific quantities and sequences, but are only used for distinguishing names.

[0032] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is used, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0033] The advantages or principles of the present application will be described below:

[0034] 1. The low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driving method and pile driver provided by the present application can simultaneously solve the technical problems of construction efficiency, construction quality, shock absorption and noise reduction, construction safety and environmental protection, etc., can ensure the efficiency, safety and accuracy of the construction process, and can make the pile body of the to-be-constructed precast pile pass through the pile hammer, greatly reduce the height of the pile frame body, and greatly reduce the center of gravity of the equipment, thereby greatly reducing the risk of overturning and making the minimum construction height during precast pile construction close to the length of a single-section precast pile. Compared with the prior art, the minimum construction height required during construction of the present application is reduced by the height of the hammer core and the height of the hammer core movement, so that the pile driver can be used in a low-clearance scene; the pile driver is installed on the pile frame to avoid the phenomenon of pile driver overturning, and the clamping wedge of the wedge type pile clamping device tightly clamps the side surface of the pile body, so that the stress point of the pile under hammering is moved to the circumferential side surface of the pile body, not at the pile end, so that the problem of pile head explosion does not occur, thereby improving the construction quality, efficiency and safety.

[0035] 2. The low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driving method and pile driver provided by the application, the pile driving equipment and the construction method are coordinated with each other, and the design of the low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driver is specifically improved, which comprises a clamping type hammer pile driver, the clamping type hammer pile driver comprises a wedge type pile clamping device, an anvil, a hammer core, a gate type hammer frame and two hammering oil cylinders for driving the hammer core to reciprocate from top to bottom to hit the anvil, the middle of the hammer core and the anvil is respectively provided with a through hole for penetrating a prefabricated pile, and the middle of the wedge type pile clamping device is provided with a pile clamping hole for clamping the prefabricated pile; the pile body of the prefabricated pile to be constructed can penetrate the pile driver, and the clamping wedge of the wedge type pile clamping device clamps the side surface of the pile body, so that the height of the pile frame can be greatly reduced, and the minimum construction height during the construction of the prefabricated pile is close to the length of a single prefabricated pile, so that the pile driver can be used in some low-clearance scenes (such as indoor foundation reinforcement, under a support beam in a foundation pit, under an elevated bridge, in a tunnel, under high-voltage lines, etc.); compared with the prior art, the minimum construction height required during the construction is reduced by the height of the hammer core and the height of the movement stroke of the hammer core, so that the pile driver is not only suitable for ultra-low-clearance scenes, but also has stronger adaptability to the construction of side piles, corner piles and inclined piles, and has lower requirements for the work ship during water construction; due to the reduction of the height of the frame, the center of gravity of the equipment is also greatly reduced, and the risk of overturning is greatly reduced, which is also an advantage of the pile driver, and the pile driver can also be used for outdoor large-tonnage hammer pile driving in combination with the advantage.

[0036] 3. The low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driver provided by the application further comprises a pile frame, the pile frame comprises a leveling base, two amplitude-changing oil cylinders, a vertical slide and a driving motor for driving the clamping type hammer pile driver to ascend and descend along the vertical slide, the leveling base of the pile frame is used for adjusting the level of the pile driver, so that the whole pile driver is in a horizontal state during the construction, the overall stability of the pile driver is improved, and the entry angle of the prefabricated pile to be constructed is more accurate; the vertical slide of the pile frame provides a lifting slide rail for the pile driver, improves the stability of the pile driver pile sinking inclination, and has a simple structure and is convenient to use; the pile driver can change the support angle of the vertical slide through the extension control of the amplitude-changing oil cylinder, so as to adjust the inclination angle of the clamping type hammer pile driver and the prefabricated pile, and the precise control of the entry inclination of the prefabricated pile can be realized.

[0037] 4. The low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driver provided by the application, the leveling base comprises a base frame and four telescopic legs, the telescopic legs can adopt a jack or a telescopic oil cylinder, and the telescopic legs are arranged to facilitate the horizontal adjustment of the base frame.

[0038] 5. The low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driving construction method provided by the application is based on the improved low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driver, and the method comprises the following steps: first, the pile driver is positioned, the low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driver is moved to the height-limited construction area, then the low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driver is placed above the pile position of the pile foundation to be constructed, the pile driver is placed, debugged and horizontally calibrated, then the vertical sliding frame on the pile frame is placed horizontally to facilitate the insertion of the pile body of the precast pile to be constructed into the insertion through hole of the hammer core and the anvil of the clamping type hammer pile, and the wedge type pile clamping device is used to tightly clamp the middle part of the precast pile to be constructed, then the hammer core is used to hammer the anvil, and the anvil transmits the hammering energy to the pile body through the pile clamping wedge of the wedge type pile clamping device. Since the pile body of the precast pile to be constructed can pass through the pile hammer, the length of the single section pile is not limited by the height of the pile hammer, the length of the single section pile can be flexibly adjusted according to the construction conditions on site, and the number of joints is reduced. The overall height of the pile driver formed by the clamping type hammer pile is greatly reduced, so that the stability is better, the risk of overturning is greatly reduced, the chassis base can be greatly reduced, the equipment is more portable, and the construction is more flexible and convenient.

[0039] 6. The low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driving construction method and the pile driver provided by the application, the hammer core and the anvil of the pile hammer are provided with insertion through holes, the hammer is hammered on the anvil, and the anvil transmits the hammering energy to the wedge type pile clamping device. The stress point of the precast pile is located at the contact position between the pile clamping wedge of the wedge type pile clamping device and the circumferential side of the pile body, rather than at the pile end, and the quality of the precast pile body is guaranteed, so that the quality problem of pile head burst does not occur.

[0040] 7. The low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driving construction method provided by the application, when the length of the pile foundation to be constructed is greater than the clearance height of the height-limited construction area, the pile foundation to be constructed can be divided into multiple precast piles, and splicing is performed between the multiple precast piles. When the distance from the pile top of the next precast pile to the working surface is 0.5 m to 0.7 m, the splicing of the upper and lower precast piles can be performed. The method is simple in construction, fast in splicing, high in speed, and high in pile forming quality, avoids the requirement of conventional pile drivers for the construction site, reduces the damage to municipal facilities and greenery, and reduces the engineering cost.

[0041] 8. The clamping type hammer pile driver provided by the application, the lower ends of the piston rods of the two hammering oil cylinders of the pile hammer are respectively hinged to the two sides of the hammer core, so that the two hammering oil cylinders and the hammer core are not on a traditional axis, the structure is more compact, the volume of the entire pile hammer is greatly reduced, the construction in a small space is facilitated, and the double hammering oil cylinders increase the stability of the lifting and lowering of the hammer.

[0042] 9、The present application is a clamping type hammer pile driver, which adopts a door type hammer frame, so that the operator can directly observe the movement of the hammer core, and the hollow hammer body design makes the operator's field of view more open, and one-key hammer stopping can be realized at any time, so that the safety of the equipment operation is maximized.

[0043] 10、The door type hammer frame of the present application comprises a hammer frame top plate, a first guide rail and a second guide rail, which serve as both the frame support of the hammer frame and the connecting piece of the wedge type pile clamping device, and also as the slide rail of the hammer core, thus achieving multiple functions with simple structure and saving cost.

[0044] 11、The anvil of the clamping type hammer pile driver of the present application comprises an anvil body, a hammering backing plate and a hammering buffer pad, preferably, the hammering buffer pad is made of steel wire rope, which not only achieves the buffering effect, but also reduces noise, and increases the durability of the buffer part, thereby reducing the replacement of vulnerable parts and improving the service life of the equipment.

[0045] 12、The clamping type hammer pile driver of the present application further comprises four oil cylinder lifting lugs, two pile hammer lifting lugs and two limiting buffer pads, the oil cylinder lifting lugs are provided to facilitate the hinging of the clamping piston rod and the bottom surface of the anvil, and improve the flexibility of the hinge between the hydraulic clamping oil cylinder and the anvil; the pile hammer lifting lugs are provided to facilitate the hoisting of the pile driver; and the two limiting buffer pads can alleviate the impact of the hammer core on the hammer frame top plate of the door type hammer frame when the hammer core reciprocally moves upward.

[0046] 13、The two hammering oil cylinders of the clamping type hammer pile driver of the present application are respectively installed at the two ends of the hammer frame top plate through a first oil cylinder buffer washer and a second oil cylinder buffer washer, and the two oil cylinder buffer washers can reduce the vibration impact of the hammering oil cylinders on the door type hammer frame.

[0047] 14、The wedge type pile clamping device of the present application comprises a wedge-shaped cylinder body, a plurality of pile clamping wedges, a plurality of hydraulic clamping oil cylinders and a plurality of oil cylinder bases, the two sides of the wedge type pile clamping device are respectively connected with the lower ends of the two guide rails of the door type hammer frame, and the two sides of the hammer core are respectively vertically slidably connected with the two guide rails, the wedge type pile clamping device and the hammer core are designed in an integrated manner, which further breaks the spatial constraint of the traditional pile cap, and further shortens the overall hammer height, and when the pile head enters the pile clamping wedge of the wedge type pile clamping device during work, the hydraulic clamping oil cylinder is started to push the pile clamping wedge, so as to fix the whole pile on the equipment, thereby preventing the pile from being pulled out under the condition of limited space; this design not only improves the construction efficiency, but also improves the safety, and protects the safety of the equipment and the construction personnel.

[0048] 15. The vertical sliding frame of the present application comprises two vertical sliding rails and a U-shaped back frame, the two vertical sliding rails are respectively installed on the two sides of the pile hammer, providing sliding tracks for the lifting of the pile hammer, making the lifting of the pile hammer more stable, and the U-shaped back frame is arranged to improve the stability of the overall structure of the vertical sliding frame. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the construction method of the low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driving of the embodiment of the present application.

[0050] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driving of the construction method of the embodiment of the present application in the state of the horizontal vertical sliding frame without precast pile.

[0051] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driving of the construction method of the embodiment of the present application in the state of the horizontal vertical sliding frame with precast pile.

[0052] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driving of the construction method of the embodiment of the present application in the state of the vertical sliding frame in the inclined state.

[0053] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driving of the construction method of the embodiment of the present application in the state of the vertical sliding frame in the vertical state.

[0054] Figure 6 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driver of the embodiment of the present application.

[0055] Figure 7 is a front view structural schematic diagram of the low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driver of the embodiment of the present application.

[0056] Figure 8 is a top view structural schematic diagram of the low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driver of the embodiment of the present application.

[0057] Figure 9 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the clamping type hammer pile driver of the embodiment of the present application.

[0058] Figure 10 is an exploded structural schematic diagram of the clamping type hammer pile driver of the embodiment of the present application.

[0059] Figure 11 is a side view structural schematic diagram of the clamping type hammer pile driver of the embodiment of the present application.

[0060] Figure 12 is a top view structural schematic diagram of the clamping type hammer pile driver of the embodiment of the present application.

[0061] Figure 13 is Figure 12A-A cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the device.

[0062] Explanation of reference signs:

[0063] 10, pile frame, 11, leveling base, 111, undercarriage, 112, telescopic support leg, 113, bolster, 12, vertical carriage, 121, vertical slide rail, 122, U-shaped back frame, 123, fixed pulley, 131, winch, 132, steel wire rope, 14, luffing cylinder, 20, clamping type hammer, 21, wedge type pile clamping device, 211, pile clamping hole, 212, wedge-shaped cylinder, 213, pile clamping wedge, 214, hydraulic clamping cylinder, 2141, clamping cylinder body, 2142, clamping piston rod, 215, cylinder base, 22, anvil, 221, second through hole, 222, anvil body, 223, hammering pad, 224, hammering buffer pad, 23, hammer core, 231, first through hole, 232, hammer ear, 24, door type hammer frame, 241, hammer frame top plate, 2411, avoiding notch, 242, first guide rail, 243, second guide rail, 25, hammering cylinder, 251, hammering cylinder body, 252, cylinder fixing washer, 253, hammering piston rod, 31, cylinder lifting lug, 32, pile hammer lifting lug, 33, limiting buffer pad, 34, first cylinder buffer washer, 35, second cylinder buffer washer, 36, cylinder gland, 40, precast pile. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below.

[0065] The construction method and pile driver for low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driving provided by the present application are to make the equipment and construction method mutually coordinated, so as to be used in low-clearance scenes (such as indoor foundation reinforcement, under support beams in foundation pits, under viaducts, in tunnels, and under high-voltage lines), the minimum height of the low-clearance scene is 3 meters, and the safety of equipment, materials, and personnel, construction efficiency, construction quality, pile head burst, and the overall construction cost of pile foundation pile driving operation can be ensured.

[0066] In the description of the present application, it should be further pointed out that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "arrangement", "installation" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0067] For the purposes of this disclosure, reference will be made to the accompanying drawings which form a part of the disclosure. The drawings are not necessarily to scale of the embodiments of the present application. The embodiments of the application will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawings in which:

[0068] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the application herein is for describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0069] The illustrative examples set forth herein will vary from to the specific embodiments disclosed in this description. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the application herein is for describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0070] Example 1:

[0071] Referring to Figures 1 to 13 As shown, the construction method for low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driving provided by the embodiment is used in a project construction site with an indoor clearance height of 5.5 meters. In the embodiment, the pile frame height is designed to be 5 meters, and the single-section precast pile is selected to be 3-4 meters. The equipment and construction method are coordinated to meet various requirements for height-limited pile driving, including the following steps.

[0072] S1, the pile driver is positioned, and the low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driver is moved to the height-limited construction area. The low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driver includes a pile frame 10 and a clamping type hammer pile hammer 20. The pile frame 10 includes a leveling base 11, two amplitude-changing oil cylinders 14, a vertical sliding frame 12, and a driving motor for driving the clamping type hammer pile hammer 20 to ascend and descend along the vertical sliding frame 12. The clamping type hammer pile hammer 20 includes a wedge type pile clamping device 21, an anvil 22, a hammer core 23, a gate type hammer frame 24, and two hammering oil cylinders 25 for driving the hammer core 23 to reciprocate from top to bottom to hit the anvil 22. The middle of the hammer core 23 and the anvil 22 is respectively provided with a through hole for penetrating the precast pile 40. The middle of the wedge type pile clamping device 21 is provided with a pile clamping hole 211 for clamping the precast pile 40.

[0073] S2, pile machine placement debugging and horizontal calibration, the low-clearance hydraulic hammer is placed on the pile site of the pile foundation to be constructed, and the four telescopic legs 112 of the leveling base 11 are adjusted to make the chassis 111 of the leveling base 11 horizontal; control the extension of the two luffing oil cylinders 14 to make the vertical slide 12 perpendicular to the chassis 111, then drive the motor to control the clamping type hammer pile hammer 20 to rise to the uppermost end of the vertical slide 12, and obtain the vertical distance H1 between the pile clamping wedge 213 of the wedge type pile clamping device 21 and the working surface of the pile site of the pile foundation to be constructed;

[0074] S3, pile feeding, (see Figures 2 to 5 The two luffing oil cylinders 14 are controlled to retract, so that the vertical slide 12 is turned to lie on the chassis 111 of the leveling base 11, and the clamping type hammer pile hammer 20 is placed on the chassis 111 of the leveling base 11 by the vertical slide 12, then the multiple pile clamping wedges of the wedge type pile clamping device 21 are adjusted to a low position, thereby expanding the hole diameter of the pile clamping hole 211 of the wedge type pile clamping device 21, then the top end of the precast pile 40 to be constructed is sequentially inserted through the pile clamping hole 211 of the clamping type hammer pile hammer 20, and the through hole is inserted, and the pile clamping wedge 213 of the wedge type pile clamping device 21 is clamped to the middle part of the precast pile 40 to be constructed, at this time the distance H2 between the bottom end of the precast pile 40 to be constructed and the clamping position of the pile clamping wedge 213 is less than H1;

[0075] S4, pile pressing position alignment, control the extension of the two luffing oil cylinders 14 to make the inclination angle of the clamping type hammer pile hammer 20 correspond to the design inclination angle of the precast pile 40 to be constructed, then control the motor to drive the clamping type hammer pile hammer 20 to descend, so that the pile bottom of the precast pile 40 to be constructed abuts to the pile site of the pile foundation to be constructed;

[0076] S5, pile pressing and feeding, control the two hammer oil cylinders 25 to drive the hammer core 23 to reciprocate from top to bottom to hit the anvil 22, the anvil 22 acts on the wedge type pile clamping device 21, and the precast pile 40 is driven into the foundation by the pile clamping wedge of the wedge type pile clamping device 21;

[0077] S51, in the process of pressing and sending the precast pile 40, when the distance between the clamping position of the wedge type pile clamping device 21 clamping the precast pile 40 to be constructed and the working surface is less than 0.5 m, the hitting action of the two hammering oil cylinders 25 is stopped first, then the wedge type pile clamping device 21 is controlled to loosen the clamping of the precast pile 40, the plurality of pile clamping wedges of the wedge type pile clamping device 21 are adjusted to the low position, so as to expand the hole diameter of the pile clamping hole 211 of the wedge type pile clamping device 21; then the driving motor is controlled to drive the clamping type hammering pile hammer 20 to lift along the upper end direction of the vertical slide 12, and the clamping type hammering pile hammer 20 is lifted at the clamping position of the precast pile 40, when the wedge type pile clamping device 21 clamps the precast pile 40 again, the two hammering oil cylinders 25 are controlled to continue to hit the anvil 22 by reciprocating up and down, and the precast pile 40 is driven to sink by the pile clamping wedges of the wedge type pile clamping device 21.

[0078] The application also provides a low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driver for implementing the construction method, which comprises a pile frame 10 and a clamping type hammering pile hammer 20. The pile frame 10 comprises a leveling base 11, two amplitude-changing oil cylinders 14, a vertical slide 12 and a driving motor for driving the clamping type hammering pile hammer 20 to ascend and descend along the vertical slide 12. The leveling base 11 comprises a base frame 111 and four telescopic legs 112, which are respectively installed at the four corners of the bottom surface of the base frame 111. The lower ends of the two sides of the vertical slide 12 are respectively rotationally connected to the front ends of the two sides of the top surface of the base frame 111. The lower ends of the two amplitude-changing oil cylinders 14 are respectively hingedly connected to the rear ends of the two sides of the top surface of the base frame 111. The upper ends of the two amplitude-changing oil cylinders 14 are respectively hingedly connected to the upper ends of the two sides of the vertical slide 12. The clamping type hammering pile hammer 20 comprises a wedge type pile clamping device 21, an anvil 22, a hammer core 23, a gate type hammer frame 24 and two hammering oil cylinders 25 for driving the hammer core 23 to reciprocate from top to bottom to hit the anvil 22. The two sides of the wedge type pile clamping device 21 are respectively connected to the lower ends of the gate type hammer frame 24. The anvil 22 is installed above the wedge type pile clamping device 21. The hammer core 23 is installed in the gate type hammer frame 24 and is vertically slidably connected thereto. The middle of the hammer core 23 and the middle of the anvil 22 are respectively provided with a penetrating through hole for penetrating the precast pile 40. The middle of the wedge type pile clamping device 21 is formed with a pile clamping hole 211 for clamping the precast pile 40 by a plurality of pile clamping wedges 213. The penetrating through hole and the pile clamping hole 211 are vertically and oppositely arranged from top to bottom.

[0079] It should be noted that the precast pile 40 described in the application can be a concrete precast pile 40 with various structural shapes such as round pipe pile, square pipe pile, cylindrical pile and square pile. Of course, the pile driver of the application can also be used for the construction of steel pipe pile, steel sheet pile and wooden pile.

[0080] The application provides a low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driving construction method and a pile driver, and the low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driving machine comprises a clamping type hammer pile driver 20, the clamping type hammer pile driver 20 comprises a wedge type pile clamping device 21, an anvil 22, a hammer core 23, a gate type hammer frame 24 and two hammering oil cylinders 25 for driving the hammer core 23 to reciprocate from top to bottom to hit the anvil 22, the middle of the hammer core 23 and the anvil 22 is respectively provided with a through hole for penetrating a prefabricated pile 40, and the middle of the wedge type pile clamping device 21 is provided with a pile clamping hole 211 for clamping the prefabricated pile 40; the pile body of the prefabricated pile 40 to be constructed can penetrate the pile driver, and the pile body is clamped by the clamping wedge 213 of the wedge type pile clamping device 21, so that the height of the pile frame 10 can be greatly reduced, and the minimum construction height during the construction of the prefabricated pile is close to the length of the single-section prefabricated pile 40, so that the pile driver can be used in some low-clearance scenes (such as indoor foundation reinforcement, under the support beam in the foundation pit, under the viaduct, in the tunnel, under the high-voltage line, etc.); compared with the prior art, the minimum construction height required during the construction is reduced by the height of the hammer core 23 and the movement stroke height of the hammer core 23, so that the pile driver is more suitable for the construction of side piles, corner piles and inclined piles, and the requirements for the work ship during the water construction are lower; due to the reduction of the height of the frame body, the center of gravity of the equipment is also greatly reduced, and the risk of overturning is greatly reduced, which is also an advantage of the pile driver, and the pile driver can also be used for outdoor large-tonnage hammer pile driving.

[0081] The low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driving construction method and the pile driver provided by the application further comprise a pile frame 10, the pile frame 10 comprises a leveling base 11, two amplitude changing oil cylinders 14, a vertical slide 12 and a driving motor for driving the clamping type hammer pile driver 20 to ascend and descend along the vertical slide 12, the leveling base 11 of the pile frame 10 is used for adjusting the level of the pile driver, so that the whole pile driver is in a horizontal state during the construction, the overall stability of the pile driver is improved, and the entry angle of the prefabricated pile 40 to be constructed is more accurate; the vertical slide 12 of the pile frame 10 provides a lifting slide rail for the pile driver, improves the stability of the pile driver pile sinking inclination, and has a simple structure and is convenient to use. The pile driver can change the support angle of the vertical slide 12 through the extension and contraction control of the amplitude changing oil cylinder 14, so as to adjust the inclination angle of the clamping type hammer pile driver 20 and the prefabricated pile 40, and realize the control of the entry inclination of the prefabricated pile 40. The leveling base 11 comprises a base frame 111 and four telescopic legs 112, the telescopic legs 112 can adopt a jack or a telescopic oil cylinder, and the telescopic legs 112 are arranged to facilitate the horizontal adjustment of the base frame 111.

[0082] The low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driving construction method provided by the application first positions the pile driver, moves the low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driver to the height-limited construction area, then places the low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driver above the pile position of the pile foundation to be constructed, performs pile driver placement debugging and horizontal calibration, then places the vertical sliding frame 12 on the pile frame 10 to facilitate the insertion of the pile body of the precast pile 40 to be constructed into the insertion through hole of the hammer core 23 and the anvil 22 of the clamping type hammer pile hammer 20, and tightly clamps the middle part of the precast pile 40 to be constructed by using the wedge type pile clamping device 21, then hammers the anvil 22 by using the hammer core 23, and the anvil 22 transmits the hammering energy to the pile body by using the pile clamping wedge 213 of the wedge type pile clamping device 21, since the pile body of the precast pile 40 to be constructed can pass through the pile hammer, the single-section pile length is not limited by the height of the pile hammer, the single-section pile length can be flexibly adjusted according to the construction conditions on site, and the number of joints is reduced; and the pile driver formed by using the clamping type hammer pile hammer 20 has a greatly reduced overall height, so that the stability is better, the risk of overturning is greatly reduced, the chassis base can be greatly reduced, the equipment is more portable, and the construction is more flexible and convenient.

[0083] The low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driving construction method and the pile driver provided by the application, the hammer core 23 and the anvil 22 of the pile hammer are provided with insertion through holes, the hammer is hammered on the anvil 22, and the anvil 22 transmits the hammering energy to the wedge type pile clamping device 21, the stress point of the precast pile 40 is located on the contact position of the pile clamping wedge 213 of the wedge type pile clamping device 21 and the circumferential side surface of the pile body, rather than on the pile end, and the quality of the pile body of the precast pile 40 is guaranteed, so that the quality problem of pile head burst does not occur.

[0084] The clamping type hammer pile driver provided by the application, the lower ends of the piston rods of the two hammering oil cylinders 25 of the pile hammer are respectively hinged to the two sides of the hammer core 23, so that the two hammering oil cylinders 25 and the hammer core 23 are not on a traditional axis, the structure is more compact, the overall size of the pile hammer is greatly reduced, the construction in a narrow space is facilitated, and the double hammering oil cylinders 25 increase the stability of the lifting and lowering of the hammer.

[0085] The clamping type hammer pile hammer 20 provided by the application adopts a gate type hammer frame 24, so that the operator can directly observe the movement of the hammer core 23, when working in a height-limited space, some safety hazards will inevitably exist due to the limitation of the space, vibration and noise during pile driving, therefore, the hollow hammer body design of the pile hammer makes the field of view of the operator more open, and one-key hammer stopping can be realized at any time, so that the safety of the equipment operation is maximized.

[0086] The gantry hammer frame 24 includes a hammer frame top plate 241, a first guide rail 242, and a second guide rail 243. The upper ends of the first guide rail 242 and the second guide rail 243 are respectively connected to the bottom surface of the hammer frame top plate 241. An avoidance notch 2411 is provided in the middle of the top of the hammer frame top plate 241. The two sides of the wedge-type pile-holding device 21 are respectively connected to the lower ends of the first guide rail 242 and the second guide rail 243. The two sides of the hammer core 23 are vertically slidably connected to the first guide rail 242 and the second guide rail 243 through sliding grooves. Two hammer-bearing cylinders 25 are respectively installed at both ends of the top plate 241 of the hammer frame. The lower ends of the piston rods of the two hammer-bearing cylinders 25 are hinged to both sides of the hammer core 23. The through holes include a first through hole 231 and a second through hole 221. The first through hole 231 is located in the middle of the hammer core 23, and the second through hole 221 is located in the middle of the anvil 22. The clearance notch 2411, the first through hole 231, the second through hole 221, and the pile-holding hole 211 are vertically opposite each other from top to bottom. The two guide rails serve as both the frame support of the hammer frame and the connecting parts with the wedge-type pile-holding device 21, and also as the slide rails of the hammer core 23. They serve multiple purposes, have a simple structure, and save costs.

[0087] The anvil 22 includes an anvil body 222, a hammering pad 223, and a hammering buffer pad 224. The anvil body 222, hammering pad 223, and hammering buffer pad 224 are all annular. An annular buffer groove is provided above the anvil body 222. The hammering buffer pad 224 is installed within the buffer groove, and the hammering pad 223 is installed above the hammering buffer pad 224 and fits snugly over the opening of the buffer groove. The inner ring of the annular anvil body 222 forms a second through hole 221. Preferably, the hammering buffer pad 224 is made of steel wire rope 132. Using steel wire rope 132 as the hammering buffer pad 224 achieves a buffering effect, reduces noise, and increases the durability of the buffer component, thereby reducing the need for replacement of vulnerable parts and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0088] The wedge block type pile holding device 21 further comprises a wedge-shaped cylinder 212, a plurality of hydraulic clamping oil cylinders 214, and a plurality of oil cylinder bases 215. The wedge-shaped cylinder 212 has an inner cylinder hole which is gradually enlarged in a conical table type from top to bottom. The thickness of the pile clamping wedge 213 is gradually enlarged from top to bottom. The hydraulic clamping oil cylinder 214 comprises a clamping oil cylinder body 2141 and a clamping piston rod 2142. The upper end of the clamping piston rod 2142 is hinged to the bottom surface of the anvil 22. The clamping oil cylinder body 2141 is connected to the bottom surface of the pile clamping wedge 213 through the oil cylinder base 215. The plurality of pile clamping wedges 213 are telescoped into the inner cylinder hole from bottom to top. The inner side surface of the plurality of pile clamping wedges 213 encloses the pile holding hole 211. The two sides of the wedge block type pile holding device 21 are respectively connected to the lower ends of the two guide rails of the portal type hammer frame 24. The two sides of the hammer core 23 are respectively vertically slidably connected to the two guide rails. The wedge block type pile holding device 21 and the hammer core 23 are designed in an integrated manner, further breaking the spatial constraint of the traditional pile cap, further shortening the overall height of the hammer, and fixing the whole pile on the equipment by starting the hydraulic clamping oil cylinder 214 to push the pile clamping wedge 213 after the pile head enters the pile clamping wedge 213 of the wedge block type pile holding device 21, preventing the pile from being pulled out under the condition of limited space. This design not only improves the efficiency of construction, but also improves the safety, protecting the safety of the equipment and the construction personnel. The two vertical sliding rails 121 are respectively installed on the two sides of the pile hammer, providing a sliding track for the lifting of the pile hammer, making the lifting of the pile hammer more stable. The U-shaped backrest 122 is provided to improve the stability of the overall structure of the vertical sliding frame 12.

[0089] The vertical sliding frame 12 comprises two vertical sliding rails 121 and a U-shaped backrest 122. The lower ends of the two vertical sliding rails 121 are respectively rotatably connected to the front ends of the two sides of the top surface of the base frame 111. The two sides of the U-shaped backrest 122 are fixedly connected to the two vertical sliding rails 121. The two sides of the clamping type hammer pile hammer 20 are vertically slidably connected to the two vertical sliding rails 121.

[0090] The driving motor comprises two winches 131 and two steel wires 132. The vertical sliding frame 12 further comprises two fixed pulleys 123. The two fixed pulleys 123 are respectively installed on the upper ends of the two vertical sliding rails 121. The two winches 131 are respectively installed on the two sides of the top surface of the base frame 111. One end of the steel wire 132 is connected to the winch 131. The other end of the steel wire 132 is wound around the fixed pulley 123 and connected to one side of the clamping type hammer pile hammer 20.

[0091] The leveling base 11 further comprises a sleeper beam 113 installed on the rear end of the top surface of the base frame 111. When the pile hammer and the vertical sliding frame 12 are placed flat, the sleeper beam 113 can provide support for the pile hammer and the vertical sliding frame 12.

[0092] The embodiment of the present application can improve the combination of equipment and construction method, and solve the following technical problems in the construction of low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driving:

[0093] The construction quality can be ensured: the error is reduced and the pile driving control accuracy is improved in the construction process, so that the depth and elevation of the pile position can meet the design requirements.

[0094] The construction efficiency is improved: the construction efficiency, construction progress and quality are improved through the mutual cooperation of equipment and construction method.

[0095] The construction safety is ensured: the safety risk of equipment and construction is reduced through the design of reducing the center of gravity of the equipment, and the safety and health of the construction equipment and personnel are protected.

[0096] The vibration and noise are greatly reduced: the generation and propagation of vibration and noise are greatly reduced in the construction process through the clamping type hammer pile driving hammer and its construction method; the influence on the surrounding environment and ecology is small, which is beneficial to environmental protection.

[0097] Embodiment 2:

[0098] The low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driving construction method provided by the embodiment 2 of the present application is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that the length of the pile foundation of the single pile to be constructed by the low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driver (multi-section precast pile splicing) is 18 meters, which is much larger than the clearance height 5.5 meters of the height-limited construction area, and the pile foundation to be constructed is composed of 5 precast piles 40, each precast pile has a length of 4 meters, and the step S5 further includes the following steps:

[0099] S521, in the process of precast pile 40 pile pressing and pile feeding, when the distance from the top of the next section of precast pile 40 to the working surface is 0.5m to 0.7m, the hammering action of the two hammering oil cylinders 25 is stopped first, and the next section of precast pile 40 is loosened, the clamping type hammer pile driving hammer 20 is driven by the motor to rise to the uppermost end of the vertical slide 12, so as to move the clamping type hammer pile driving hammer 20 away from the next section of precast pile 40, then the last section of precast pile 40 is lifted, and the lower end of the last section of precast pile 40 is sequentially inserted into the through hole of the clamping type hammer pile driving hammer 20, the pile hole 211, and then the pile clamping wedge of the wedge type pile clamping device 21 is controlled to clamp the middle part of the last section of precast pile 40, and the pile bottom of the last section of precast pile 40 is abutted on the pile top of the next section of precast pile 40;

[0100] S522, the next section of precast pile 40 is connected to the last section of precast pile 40 for pile connection operation;

[0101] S523, The previous precast pile 40 is driven into the foundation. After the previous precast pile 40 has completed the connection with the next precast pile 40, the two hammer cylinders 25 are controlled to continue to move up and down to strike the anvil 22, so as to drive the previous precast pile 40 into the foundation until the pile foundation construction is completed.

[0102] When the length of the pile foundation to be constructed exceeds the clearance height of the construction area, the pile foundation can be divided into multiple precast pile sections 40. A splicing operation can be used between these sections. When the distance from the top of the next precast pile section 40 to the working surface is 0.5m to 0.7m, the upper and lower sections of the precast pile 40 can be spliced. This method is simple to construct, quick to splice, fast, and produces high-quality piles. It avoids the site requirements of conventional pile driving, reduces damage to municipal facilities and green spaces, and lowers project costs.

[0103] Example 3:

[0104] The low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driver provided in the embodiment 3 is basically the same as the embodiment 1, and the difference is that the clamping hammer pile 20 further comprises two pile hammer lifting lugs 32, two limiting buffer pads 33, two first oil cylinder buffer washers 34, two second oil cylinder buffer washers 35, two oil cylinder pressure covers 36 and four oil cylinder lifting lugs 31. The two pile hammer lifting lugs 32 are installed on the top surface of the hammer frame top plate 241 and located on both sides of the avoiding gap 2411. The two limiting buffer pads 33 are respectively installed on the bottom surface of the hammer frame top plate 241 and located directly above the hammer core 23. The hammering oil cylinder 25 comprises a hammering oil cylinder body 251, an oil cylinder fixing washer 252 and a hammering piston rod 253. The two sides of the hammer core 23 are respectively provided with hammer lugs 232, and the two ends of the hammer frame top plate 241 are respectively provided with oil cylinder installation through holes. The hammering oil cylinder body 251 of the hammering oil cylinder 25 passes through the first oil cylinder buffer washer 34, the oil cylinder fixing washer 252, the second oil cylinder buffer washer 35 and the oil cylinder installation through hole from top to bottom. The outer side of the hammering oil cylinder body 251 is fixedly connected with the oil cylinder fixing washer 252. The oil cylinder pressure cover 36 is tightly covered on the outer side of the first oil cylinder buffer washer 34, the oil cylinder fixing washer 252 and the second oil cylinder buffer washer 35 and connected with the top surface of the hammer frame top plate 241. The lower end of the hammering piston rod 253 is hinged with the hammer core 23 through the hammer lug 232. The number of the hydraulic clamping oil cylinder 214, the pile clamping wedge 213 and the oil cylinder base 215 corresponds to the number of the oil cylinder lifting lug 31. The four oil cylinder lifting lugs 31 are evenly installed on the bottom surface of the anvil 22. The clamping piston rod 2142 of each hydraulic clamping oil cylinder 214 is hinged with each oil cylinder lifting lug 31. The two hammering oil cylinders 25 of the clamping hammer pile 20 are respectively installed at the two ends of the hammer frame top plate 241 through the first oil cylinder buffer washer 34 and the second oil cylinder buffer washer 35. The two oil cylinder buffer washers can reduce the vibration impact of the hammering oil cylinder 25 on the portal hammer frame 24. The setting of the oil cylinder lifting lug 31 facilitates the hinge connection of the clamping piston rod 2142 with the bottom surface of the anvil 22 and improves the flexibility of the hinge connection of the hydraulic clamping oil cylinder 214 with the anvil 22. The setting of the pile hammer lifting lug 32 facilitates the hoisting of the pile hammer. The two limiting buffer pads 33 can slow down the impact of the hammer core 23 on the hammer frame top plate 241 of the portal hammer frame 24 when the hammer core 23 reciprocates upward.

[0105] The prototype of the present application has been tested in the company's internal research and development test site. The actual application shows that the low-clearance hydraulic hammer pile driver provided by the present application combined with the construction method can be used in low-clearance scenes (such as indoor foundation reinforcement, under the support beam in the foundation pit, under the viaduct, in the tunnel, under the high-voltage line, etc. 4-6 meters of clearance height), and can meet the requirements of pile driving efficiency, pile driving quality and safety, and is not prone to the pile head burst problem in the conventional technology.

[0106] Through the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application and actual construction tests, it is shown that the embodiments of the present application can take into account the elevation positioning precision control of piling construction, the control of hydraulic hammers, the control of piling depth and direction, and the control of construction quality and safety, and the like, through the coordination and improvement in multiple aspects, so as to ensure the efficiency, safety and accuracy of the construction process, and especially to meet the height limit construction conditions and construction requirements of the minimum clearance height of 3 meters.

[0107] The above merely illustrates the specific embodiments of the present application, and does not limit the protection scope of the present application; any replacement and improvement made without violating the concept of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A construction method for low-headroom hydraulic hammer pile driving, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The pile driver is positioned, and the low-headroom hydraulic hammer pile driver is moved to the height-restricted construction area. The low-headroom hydraulic hammer pile driver includes a pile frame and a clamp-type hammer pile driver. The pile frame includes a leveling base, two variable amplitude cylinders, a vertical slide, and a drive motor for driving the clamp-type hammer pile driver to move up and down along the vertical slide. The clamp-type hammer pile driver includes a wedge-type pile gripping device, an anvil, a hammer core, a gantry hammer frame, and two hammering cylinders for driving the hammer core to reciprocate from top to bottom to strike the anvil. The hammer core and the anvil are respectively provided with through holes for inserting precast piles in the middle, and the wedge-type pile gripping device is provided with a pile gripping hole for gripping the precast pile in the middle. S2. Pile driver placement, debugging, and leveling: Place the low-headroom hydraulic hammer pile driver above the pile position of the foundation to be constructed, and adjust the four telescopic outriggers of the leveling base to make the base frame of the leveling base horizontal; control the extension of the two variable amplitude cylinders to make the vertical slide perpendicular to the base frame, and then control the clamping hammer to rise to the top of the vertical slide through the drive motor to obtain the vertical distance H1 between the clamping wedge of the wedge-type pile clamping device and the working surface of the pile position of the foundation to be constructed; S3. Feeding the pile: Control the retraction of two variable-amplitude cylinders to rotate the vertical slide and place it flat on the base frame of the leveling base. The vertical slide then drives the clamping hammer to be placed flat on the base frame of the leveling base. Next, adjust the multiple clamping wedges of the wedge-type pile clamping device to a low position to enlarge the diameter of the clamping hole of the wedge-type pile clamping device. Then, the top of the precast pile to be constructed passes through the clamping hole of the clamping hammer and the through hole in sequence, and is clamped by the clamping wedges of the wedge-type pile clamping device to the middle of the precast pile to be constructed. At this time, the distance H2 between the bottom end of the precast pile to be constructed and the clamping position of the clamping wedge is less than H1. S4. Align the pile driving position, control the extension of the two variable amplitude cylinders to make the tilt angle of the clamp hammer corresponding to the design tilt angle of the precast pile to be constructed. Then, control the clamp hammer to descend through the drive motor so that the bottom of the precast pile to be constructed abuts against the pile position of the pile foundation to be constructed. S5. Pile driving and driving: Control the two hammer cylinders to drive the hammer core to reciprocate from top to bottom to strike the anvil. The anvil acts on the wedge-type pile holding device, and the pile holding wedge of the wedge-type pile holding device drives the precast pile to sink and send the precast pile into the foundation.

2. The construction method for low-headroom hydraulic hammer pile driving as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S5 includes the following steps: S51. During the precast pile driving process, when the distance between the clamping position of the wedge-type pile clamping device and the working surface is less than 0.5m, first stop the striking action of the two hammer cylinders, then control the wedge-type pile clamping device to loosen its grip on the precast pile, and adjust the multiple pile clamping wedges of the wedge-type pile clamping device to a low position, thereby expanding the diameter of the pile clamping hole of the wedge-type pile clamping device; then, control the clamp-type hammer to lift the pile hammer along the upper end of the vertical slide to the clamping position of the precast pile through the drive motor. After the wedge-type pile clamping device re-clamps the precast pile, continue to control the two hammer cylinders to reciprocate up and down to strike the anvil, and continue to drive the precast pile to sink through the pile clamping wedges of the wedge-type pile clamping device.

3. The construction method for low-headroom hydraulic hammer pile driving as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The length of the pile foundation to be constructed is greater than the net height of the construction area with height restrictions. The pile foundation to be constructed includes multiple precast pile sections. Step S5 also includes the following steps: S521. During the precast pile driving process, when the distance from the top of the next precast pile to the working surface is 0.5m to 0.7m, first stop the striking action of the two hammer cylinders and loosen the grip on the next precast pile. Control the clamp-type hammer to rise to the top of the vertical slide by the drive motor, thereby moving the clamp-type hammer above the next precast pile. Then lift the previous precast pile and pass the lower end of the previous precast pile through the through hole and the pile hole of the clamp-type hammer from top to bottom. Then control the pile wedge of the wedge-type pile gripping device to grip the middle of the previous precast pile and make the bottom of the previous precast pile abut against the top of the next precast pile. S522, Pile splicing: The splicing operation is performed between the previous precast pile and the next precast pile. S523. The previous precast pile is driven into the foundation. After the previous precast pile is connected to the next precast pile, the two hammer cylinders are controlled to continue to move up and down to strike the anvil, so as to drive the previous precast pile into the foundation until the pile foundation construction is completed.

4. A low-headroom hydraulic hammer pile driver implementing the construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The system includes a pile frame and a clamp-type pile driver. The pile frame includes a leveling base, two amplitude-changing cylinders, a vertical slide, and a drive motor for driving the clamp-type pile driver to move up and down along the vertical slide. The leveling base includes a base frame and four telescopic legs, which are respectively installed at the four corners of the base frame. The lower ends of both sides of the vertical slide are rotatably connected to the front ends of the top surface of the base frame. The lower ends of the two amplitude-changing cylinders are hinged to the rear ends of the top surface of the base frame, and the upper ends of the two amplitude-changing cylinders are hinged to the upper ends of both sides of the vertical slide. The clamp-type pile driver... The device includes a wedge-type pile-holding device, an anvil, a hammer core, a gantry hammer frame, and two hydraulic cylinders for driving the hammer core to reciprocate downwards to strike the anvil. The two sides of the wedge-type pile-holding device are connected to the lower end of the gantry hammer frame, the anvil is installed above the wedge-type pile-holding device, the hammer core is installed inside the gantry hammer frame and is vertically slidably connected to it, the hammer core and the anvil are respectively provided with through holes for inserting precast piles, and the wedge-type pile-holding device has a pile-holding hole formed by multiple pile-clamping wedges in the middle for clamping the precast piles. The through holes and pile-holding holes are vertically opposite each other from top to bottom.

5. The low-headroom hydraulic hammer pile driver as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The gantry hammer frame includes a hammer frame top plate, a first guide rail, and a second guide rail. The upper ends of the first and second guide rails are respectively connected to the bottom surface of the hammer frame top plate. A clearance notch is provided in the middle of the top of the hammer frame top plate. The two sides of the wedge-type pile-holding device are respectively connected to the lower ends of the first and second guide rails. The two sides of the hammer core are respectively vertically slidably connected to the first and second guide rails through sliding grooves. Two hammer-strike cylinders are respectively installed at both ends of the hammer frame top plate. The lower ends of the piston rods of the two hammer-strike cylinders are respectively hinged to the two sides of the hammer core. The through holes include a first through hole and a second through hole. The first through hole is located in the middle of the hammer core, and the second through hole is located in the middle of the anvil. The clearance notch, the first through hole, the second through hole, and the pile-holding hole are vertically opposite each other from top to bottom.

6. The low-headroom hydraulic hammer pile driver as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The anvil includes an anvil body, a hammering pad, and a hammering buffer pad. The anvil body, hammering pad, and hammering buffer pad are all annular. An annular buffer groove is provided above the anvil body. The hammering buffer pad is installed in the buffer groove. The hammering pad is installed above the hammering buffer pad and matches and covers the opening of the buffer groove. The inner ring of the annular anvil body forms the second through hole.

7. The low-headroom hydraulic hammer pile driver as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The clamp-type pile driving hammer also includes two pile hammer lifting lugs and two limiting buffer pads. The two pile hammer lifting lugs are installed on the top surface of the hammer frame top plate and are located on both sides of the clearance notch. The two limiting buffer pads are respectively installed on the bottom surface of the hammer frame top plate and are located directly above the hammer core.

8. The low-headroom hydraulic hammer pile driver as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The clamp-type pile driver also includes two first cylinder buffer washers, two second cylinder buffer washers, and two cylinder covers. The hammer cylinder includes a hammer cylinder body, a cylinder fixing washer, and a hammer piston rod. Hammer ears are provided on both sides of the hammer core. Cylinder mounting through holes are provided at both ends of the top plate of the hammer frame. The hammer cylinder body passes through the first cylinder buffer washer, the cylinder fixing washer, the second cylinder buffer washer, and the cylinder mounting through hole from top to bottom. The outer side of the hammer cylinder body is fixedly connected to the cylinder fixing washer. The cylinder covers are pressed and closed on the outside of the first cylinder buffer washer, the cylinder fixing washer, and the second cylinder buffer washer, and are connected to the top surface of the top plate of the hammer frame. The lower end of the hammer piston rod is hinged to the hammer core through the hammer ears.

9. The low-headroom hydraulic hammer pile driver as described in any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that, The wedge-type pile clamping device further includes a wedge-shaped cylinder, multiple hydraulic clamping cylinders, and multiple cylinder bases. The wedge-shaped cylinder has an inner cylinder hole that gradually expands from top to bottom into a frustum-shaped cone. The thickness of the pile clamping wedge gradually increases from top to bottom. The hydraulic clamping cylinder includes a clamping cylinder body and a clamping piston rod. The upper end of the clamping piston rod is hinged to the bottom surface of the anvil. The clamping cylinder body is connected to the bottom surface of the pile clamping wedge through the cylinder base. Multiple pile clamping wedges extend and retract from bottom to top into the inner cylinder hole, and the inner surfaces of the multiple pile clamping wedges form the pile clamping hole.

10. The low-headroom hydraulic hammer pile driver as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The clamping pile driving hammer also includes four hydraulic cylinder lifting lugs. The number of hydraulic clamping cylinders, pile clamping wedges, and cylinder bases corresponds to the number of hydraulic cylinder lifting lugs. The four hydraulic cylinder lifting lugs are evenly distributed and installed on the bottom surface of the anvil. The clamping piston rod of each hydraulic clamping cylinder is hinged to each hydraulic cylinder lifting lug.

11. The low-headroom hydraulic hammer pile driver as described in any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that, The vertical slide includes two vertical slide rails and a U-shaped back frame. The lower ends of the two vertical slide rails are rotatably connected to the front sides of the top surface of the base frame, and the two sides of the U-shaped back frame are fixedly connected to the two vertical slide rails. The two sides of the clamp-type pile driver are vertically slidably connected to the two vertical slide rails.

12. The low-headroom hydraulic hammer pile driver as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The drive motor includes two winches and two wire ropes. The vertical slide also includes two fixed pulleys. The two fixed pulleys are respectively installed on the upper ends of the two vertical slide rails. The two winches are respectively installed on both sides of the top surface of the base frame. One end of the wire rope is connected to the winch, and the other end of the wire rope is wound around the fixed pulley and connected to one side of the clamp-type pile driver.

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