Offshore wind power, energy storage and heating air film drag reduction crude oil pipeline system and control method

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of offshore wind power, energy storage heating gas film drag reduction crude oil pipeline system and control method, based on the property that the viscous coefficient of crude oil is nearly 1000 times that of air, through the air channel formed by the pipeline in the semi-permeable membrane gas chamber and the crude oil pipeline, inject high temperature and high pressure gas, guide discharge through the pipeline in the semi-permeable membrane gas chamber, generate gas film with the crude oil conveying direction between the crude oil and the pipeline in the semi-permeable membrane gas chamber, separate the crude oil and the pipeline in the semi-permeable membrane gas chamber, and heat the crude oil temperature close to the inner wall of the pipeline in the semi-permeable membrane gas chamber and drive the crude oil forward. Make full use of the functions of underwater caisson drainage energy storage, water power generation and compressed gas, provide electric heating module power supply and compressed gas for crude oil conveying unit air channel, thereby reducing the viscous force between crude oil and the inner wall of the pipeline in the semi-permeable membrane gas chamber, and reducing the initial temperature and pressure of crude oil transmission. The present application makes full use of wind power generation, underwater caisson energy storage and non-mechanical loss compressed gas, and realizes efficient and green offshore crude oil pipeline transportation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of new energy power generation and utilization, oil pipeline transportation, in particular to a marine wind power, energy storage and heating air film drag reduction crude oil pipeline system and control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Pipeline oil transportation is to pressurize and heat crude oil to transport it from oil fields to refineries, wharfs and the like through oil pipelines. Due to the characteristics of crude oil, the pipeline transportation process is affected by factors such as the viscosity coefficient of crude oil, the length of the pipeline, the pipe diameter, the temperature and pressure of crude oil, etc., resulting in increased resistance of crude oil in the pipeline, large temperature and pressure loss, and even pipe freezing. For high-viscosity crude oil, the current transportation process can be divided into two types: heating transportation and normal temperature transportation. Heating transportation refers to heating crude oil before entering the pipeline for pressurized transportation, which reduces the viscosity of crude oil by increasing the transportation temperature, thereby reducing the pipe friction loss. A typical application is a water jacket furnace. In order to reduce the transportation resistance of crude oil in the pipeline, the industry often uses pressurizing stations and water jacket furnaces to heat and pressurize the crude oil. The pressurized crude oil provides kinetic energy to overcome the pressure loss along the pipeline and the geographical elevation difference along the pipeline. Heating is a measure taken for "three high" crude oil with high wax content, high freezing point and high viscosity. The purpose is to keep the temperature of the crude oil in the pipeline above the freezing point or higher to ensure smooth flow of the crude oil. Most of the crude oil in China has the properties of high viscosity and high freezing point. The heating transportation process is a commonly used transportation process for domestic crude oil pipelines. However, the water jacket furnaces currently used are mostly fueled by petrochemical fuels to provide heat sources for crude oil transportation to reduce the viscosity coefficient of crude oil and ensure the transportation of crude oil. However, it is difficult to achieve low-carbon operation, and the heating technology of water jacket furnaces is difficult to implement in marine transportation.

[0003] There are two less common heating methods. One is to increase the flow rate of crude oil, and use the heat energy generated by the friction of crude oil at high speed to make up for the heat loss along the way. The other is to use the electric skin effect to heat. The normal temperature transportation process refers to using heat treatment, adding chemical agents, adding drag reduction agents, dilution, thermal cracking, magnetic treatment and other methods to improve the low-temperature fluidity of crude oil to achieve the purpose of normal temperature transportation.

[0004] There are two aspects of energy loss in crude oil pipeline heating transportation: heat loss and friction loss. Due to the high temperature of the oil flow, there is a radial temperature difference between the pipeline and the surrounding environment. The heat energy carried by the hot oil will continuously dissipate to the outside of the pipeline, causing the temperature to gradually decrease during forward transportation, resulting in axial heat loss, a decrease in oil flow temperature and an increase in viscosity, and an increase in pressure drop per unit length of the pipeline, which is prone to pipeline accidents. Therefore, the oil pipeline needs to be insulated and heated. Through the heat dissipation of the heating medium, direct or indirect heat exchange is used to supplement the heat loss of the heated pipeline to meet the requirements of temperature rise, heat preservation or anti-freezing.

[0005] However, the mechanism affecting the flow of crude oil is mainly that the flow resistance of crude oil is due to the adhesion of the pipe wall to the crude oil, and it is well known that the viscosity coefficient of crude oil is (10-50) x 10 -3 The viscosity coefficient of air is 18 x 10 -6 The viscosity coefficient of crude oil is nearly 1000 times that of air, and if gas is used to separate crude oil from the pipe wall, the resistance of crude oil in the pipe can be greatly reduced.

[0006] However, as the distance of the underwater crude oil pipeline increases, the pressure and temperature of the crude oil decrease, so the underwater pressurization and heating relay station is particularly important and difficult. The oil transportation distance of the submarine pipeline is long, and the oil transportation pressure is proportional to the distance, so the longer the distance, the greater the pressure. Therefore, a relatively high pressure and temperature are added at the inlet of the crude oil pipeline according to the distance to ensure long-distance pipeline transmission. The traditional heating and pressurization method generally has an air compressor efficiency of less than 40%, consumes a lot of energy, and the compressed air tank has a certain risk factor. If low-temperature is used to ensure the flowability of crude oil, gas is used to separate crude oil from the crude oil pipeline wall, thereby greatly reducing the adhesion force, improving the transmission speed and capacity of crude oil. If the gas is the associated natural gas during exploitation, the natural gas is transported on the basis of the crude oil, thereby greatly improving the pipeline transportation capacity of crude oil.

[0007] Therefore, a marine wind power, energy storage heating gas film drag reduction crude oil pipeline system and control method is needed, which improves the crude oil pipeline, preferentially uses new energy, and realizes efficient transmission of low-carbon crude oil. SUMMARY

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the marine wind power, energy storage heating gas film drag reduction crude oil pipeline system and control method is provided, based on the viscosity coefficient of crude oil being (10-50) x 10 -3 The viscosity coefficient of air is 18 x 10 -6 The viscosity coefficient of crude oil is nearly 1000 times that of air, and if gas is used to separate crude oil from the pipe wall, the resistance of crude oil in the pipe can be greatly reduced.

[0009] To achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0010] The offshore wind power, energy storage and heating air film drag reduction crude oil pipeline system comprises a wind power energy storage unit and a crude oil conveying unit; wherein the wind power energy storage unit and the crude oil conveying unit are both placed in the sea, and the wind power energy storage unit is installed near the periphery of the crude oil conveying unit.

[0011] The wind power energy storage unit comprises a wind turbine, an underwater caisson and a compressed air storage container, wherein in shallow water, the wind turbine is placed on the underwater caisson in an integrated structure, the underwater caisson is a suction anchor for the wind turbine, the compressed air storage container is installed beside the underwater caisson, the air inlet hole of the compressed air storage container is communicated with the air outlet hole of the underwater caisson through a compressed gas pipeline, the compressed gas in the compressed air storage container is communicated with the air passage of the crude oil conveying unit through a gas control valve and a compressed gas output pipeline, the gas control valve is connected with a power distribution control cabinet through wireless or wired connection, and the gas control valve controls the pressure of the crude oil conveying unit under the control of the power distribution control cabinet; in relatively deep water, a floating wind turbine is used, the underwater caisson is placed on the seabed as a suction anchor for the floating wind turbine, and the compressed air storage container uses an air bag as a gas storage container and is placed at a water depth greater than the crude oil conveying pressure of the crude oil conveying unit; if the water depth pressure in the shallow water area is less than the crude oil conveying pressure of the crude oil conveying unit, the compressed air storage container uses a compressed gas tank container for secondary pressurization storage in the tank.

[0012] Further, when there is a wind power generation peak period or excess electricity, the water in the underwater caisson is discharged by the water pump of the water pumping / water turbine generator integrated machine to store energy, and at the same time, the atmosphere is sucked into the underwater caisson; when the wind turbine generator is in a power generation trough period or power failure, the generator of the water pumping / water turbine generator integrated machine is quickly started to utilize the pressure difference between the water in the underwater caisson and the water depth to drive the water turbine generator of the water pumping / water turbine generator integrated machine to generate electricity to provide power supply and pipeline heat source for the crude oil conveying unit, and at the same time, as the power generation increases, the water level rises, the gas in the underwater caisson is compressed, the compressed gas is discharged into the compressed air storage container through the compressed gas input pipeline, and the compressed gas in the compressed air storage container is connected with the air passage of the crude oil conveying unit through the compressed gas output pipeline to provide compressed gas for the air passage of the crude oil conveying unit; the compressed gas output pipeline is connected with the air passage of the crude oil conveying unit near the periphery of the compressed air storage container and the electric heating module.

[0013] Further, the crude oil conveying unit comprises a crude oil pipeline, an electric heating module, an air passage of the crude oil conveying unit and a semi-permeable membrane air chamber inner pipeline; the electric heating film is adhered to the inner wall of the crude oil pipeline; the semi-permeable membrane air chamber inner pipeline is coaxial with the crude oil pipeline and has a gap between the electric heating film or the inner wall of the crude oil pipeline, which is an air passage of the crude oil conveying unit, and the crude oil conveying pipeline is inside the semi-permeable membrane air chamber inner pipeline.

[0014] Further, the crude oil pipeline comprises an outer pipeline and an aerogel inner thermal insulation coating, the aerogel inner thermal insulation coating is evenly coated on the inner wall of the outer pipeline, the coating thickness is less than 2mm, and the coating has flexibility and toughness, and is used for thermal insulation of the crude oil pipeline.

[0015] Further, the electric heating module is composed of a power distribution control cabinet, a pressure and temperature sensor group and an electric heating film, the electric heating module is installed in the inner and outer of the crude oil pipeline according to the heating demand of the crude oil pipeline, the pressure and temperature sensor group is adhered to the inner wall of the crude oil pipeline and connected with the power distribution control cabinet through signal lines penetrating the crude oil pipeline, the electric heating film is adhered to the inner wall of the outer pipeline and connected with the power output end of the power distribution control cabinet through wires penetrating the crude oil pipeline, the wind driven generator and the underwater caisson energy storage power supply are connected with the power distribution control cabinet through input cables, and the power distribution control cabinet and the electric heating film assist in heating the gas in the gas flow passage.

[0016] Further, the power distribution control cabinet is connected with the wind driven generator power output end and the underwater caisson energy storage power supply cable through input cables, and connected with the electric heating film through output cables; the power distribution control cabinet monitors the temperature and pressure changes of the crude oil pipeline in real time through the pressure and temperature sensor group, controls the electric heating film and the gas control valve, and assists in ensuring that the temperature and pressure of the gas are greater than the temperature and pressure of the transported crude oil.

[0017] Further, the semi-permeable membrane gas chamber inner pipeline comprises a semi-permeable membrane gas hole and a gas guide gas chamber, is made of metal and high polymer material, and comprises a plurality of gas guide gas chambers.

[0018] Further, the installation direction of the semi-permeable membrane gas chamber inner pipeline is the same as the gas guide structure exhaust direction of the pipeline wall and the crude oil conveying direction.

[0019] The application also provides a control method of the offshore wind power, energy storage, heating gas film and drag reduction crude oil pipeline system, which comprises the following steps:

[0020] Step 1, according to the characteristics of crude oil, environmental temperature, pressure, pipe diameter and wind power storage unit data, and new energy heating priority principle, the relationship function of the best temperature and pressure of the offshore wind power, storage heating gas film drag reduction crude oil pipeline system crude oil transportation is established;

[0021] Step 2, according to the relationship function, the power of the electric heating film is controlled by the power distribution control cabinet according to the temperature and pressure data of the wind power storage unit, to assist in ensuring that the gas temperature and pressure are greater than the transportation crude oil temperature and pressure.

[0022] Step 3, the power distribution control cabinet adjusts the power of the electric heating film in real time to track the maximum power of the new energy, ensures the maximum power output of the new energy power supply, and transmits the data to the power distribution control cabinet of the wind power storage unit through wireless communication mode, controls the temperature and pressure of the compressed gas output by the wind power storage unit.

[0023] Step 4, considering the oil well system maintenance and failure problem, the controller controls the temperature and pressure of the compressed gas output by the wind power storage unit and the heating power of the electric heating module, further improves the temperature and pressure of the offshore wind power, storage heating gas film drag reduction crude oil pipeline gas, and drives the crude oil to flow rapidly.

[0024] The working principle of the application is:

[0025] In the process of crude oil transportation, due to the influence of factors such as crude oil viscosity, pipeline length, pipe diameter, crude oil temperature, etc., the temperature loss is large, the friction resistance of crude oil in the pipeline is increased, the pressure is reduced, and the transmission of crude oil is affected. Therefore, the gas is heated by the electric heating film, one is based on the heat conduction principle of air, the larger the gas density, the larger the heat conduction coefficient, and the higher the heat exchange efficiency, the temperature of the compressed gas is improved to the best temperature of the crude oil transmission, and the other is based on the ideal gas law: the pressure of the gas is related to the temperature of the gas, the higher the temperature of the gas, the greater the pressure, so as to improve the pressure of the gas and make up the pressure and temperature loss in the process of crude oil transportation.

[0026] At the same time, based on the fact that the crude oil viscosity coefficient is (10-50) * 10 -3 And the air viscosity coefficient is 18 * 10 -6 , the viscosity coefficient of crude oil is nearly 1000 times that of air, so that the air channel is formed between the pipeline in the semi-permeable membrane gas chamber and the crude oil pipeline, the high-temperature compressed gas is injected, the high-temperature compressed gas is discharged through the semi-permeable membrane gas chamber, and the air film in the same direction as the crude oil transportation is generated between the crude oil and the semi-permeable membrane gas chamber, so as to separate the crude oil and the semi-permeable membrane gas chamber. The inner wall of the pipeline is heated and driven by the electric heating film, which is similar to the principle of air cushion ship.

[0027] Thus, by the above three principles based on air cushion and the principle of the air chamber, the adhesion force of the crude oil to the inner wall of the pipeline in the air chamber is greatly reduced, and the temperature of the crude oil near the inner wall of the pipeline in the air chamber is increased, thereby reducing the viscosity of the crude oil and greatly improving the transportation capacity of the crude oil. Thus, the initial temperature and pressure of the crude oil transmission can be reduced. If low-temperature natural gas associated with oil exploitation is used as the isolation gas, the natural gas is transmitted based on the transmission of the crude oil, and thus the transportation capacity of the crude oil pipeline is greatly improved.

[0028] wherein the injected high-temperature and high-pressure gas is greater than the transmission temperature of the crude oil, i.e., T 气 °C>T 油 °C, and the pressure is greater than the transmission pressure of the crude oil, i.e., P 气 >P 油 . wherein T 油 °C and P 油 are the basic flowable temperature and pressure of the crude oil.

[0029] In addition, when the underwater caisson is placed in the water body, when there is a peak of wind power generation or excess electricity, the water in the underwater caisson is discharged by the water pump of the water pumping / water turbine generator integrated machine to store energy, and at the same time, the atmosphere is sucked into the underwater caisson, such as replacing the atmosphere with natural gas associated with oil exploitation. When the wind power generator is at a low power generation valley or power failure, the generator of the water pumping / water turbine generator integrated machine is quickly started to utilize the pressure difference between the underwater caisson and the water depth to drive the water turbine generator of the water pumping / water turbine generator integrated machine to generate electricity to power the crude oil transportation unit, provide power for the electric heating module, and at the same time, as the power generation increases, the water level rises, and the gas in the underwater caisson is compressed. If the gas in the underwater caisson is natural gas, the natural gas is compressed, and the compressed gas is discharged into the compressed air storage container through the compressed gas input pipeline. The compressed gas in the compressed air storage container is connected to the gas passage of the crude oil transportation unit through the compressed gas output pipeline to provide compressed gas for the gas passage of the crude oil transportation unit. Since the underwater caisson compressed gas has no mechanical loss and high safety, the efficiency is much higher than that of an air compressor.

[0030] If the lowest temperature that ensures the flowability of the crude oil is used, such as using natural gas associated with oil exploitation as the isolation gas, and supplementing heating during the transportation process, on the one hand, the surface of the transported crude oil is heated to reduce the adhesion resistance, and on the other hand, the pressure of the gas is increased to ensure the pressure of the gas in the air chamber of the crude oil pipeline, so that the gas separates the crude oil from the wall of the crude oil pipeline, thereby greatly improving the transmission speed of the crude oil and further playing the role of the underwater caisson.

[0031] Thus, based on the demand, a plurality of underwater heating and pressurizing relay stations can be added in the submarine pipeline to ensure efficient transportation of the crude oil.

[0032] The compressed gas output pipeline is connected with the gas channel of the crude oil conveying unit near the periphery of the compressed air storage container and the electric heating module.

[0033] The aerogel is applied in the following way: the nanometer aerogel is combined or coated with glass fiber, ceramic fiber and other substrates, the aerogel with excellent performance is perfectly combined with flexible or rigid substrates, and the aerogel is widely applied in the fields of military industry, aerospace, heat pipe network, crude oil and chemical industry, new energy vehicle, rail transit, consumer electronics and textile.

[0034] Beneficial effects:

[0035] 1、 The crude oil is separated from the semi-permeable membrane gas chamber inner pipeline by the air film, the adhesion force between the crude oil and the inner wall of the semi-permeable membrane gas chamber inner pipeline is greatly reduced, and the crude oil conveying capacity is improved.

[0036] 2、 The application fully utilizes wind power and caisson energy storage new energy technology to solve the problem of temperature increase and pressure increase of offshore crude oil conveying.

[0037] 3、 The application assists the heating of the gas by the electric heating film, which improves the optimal temperature of the crude oil conveying by the gas, and the pressure of the gas is related to the temperature of the gas, so that the pressure of the gas is increased, and the pressure and temperature loss in the crude oil conveying process is supplemented.

[0038] 4、 The crude oil heating process of the application is all renewable energy.

[0039] 5、 The wind power and underwater caisson energy storage of the application provide stable green power and efficient compressed gas.

[0040] 6、 The underwater caisson compressed air of the application has no mechanical loss, and the efficiency is much higher than that of the compressed air pump, so that the high-efficiency compressed gas is provided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] The application will be further described in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] Figure 1 It is a structure diagram of the offshore wind power, energy storage and heating air film drag reduction crude oil pipeline system of the application.

[0043] Figure 2 It is a structure section view of the offshore wind power, energy storage and heating air film drag reduction crude oil pipeline system of the application.

[0044] Figure 3 It is a semi-permeable membrane gas chamber inner pipeline flat structure and a local enlarged section view. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and should not be used to limit the present application. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0046] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown in the drawings, the offshore wind power, energy storage and heating air film drag reduction crude oil pipeline system of the present application comprises a wind power energy storage unit and a crude oil transportation unit; wherein the wind power energy storage unit and the crude oil transportation unit are both placed in the sea, and the wind power energy storage unit is installed near the periphery of the crude oil transportation unit;

[0047] The wind power energy storage unit comprises a wind turbine 24, an underwater caisson 15 and a compressed air storage container 22. In shallow water, the wind turbine 24 is placed on the underwater caisson 15 and integrated with the underwater caisson 15, the underwater caisson 15 is a suction anchor for the wind turbine 24, the compressed air storage container 22 is installed beside the underwater caisson 15, the compressed air storage container inlet hole 12 is communicated with the underwater caisson exhaust hole 13 through the compressed gas input pipeline 14, the compressed gas of the compressed air storage container 22 is communicated with the gas duct 4 of the crude oil transportation unit through the compressed gas output pipeline 23 and the gas control valve 11, the gas control valve 11 is connected with the power distribution control cabinet 10 through wireless or wired connection, and the gas control valve 11 controls the pressure of the crude oil transportation unit under the control of the power distribution control cabinet 10. In relatively deep water, floating wind power can be used, the underwater caisson 15 is placed on the seabed as a suction anchor for floating wind power, and the compressed air storage container 22 can use an air bag as a gas storage container, which is placed at a water depth greater than the crude oil transportation pressure of the crude oil transportation unit according to the crude oil transportation pressure of the crude oil transportation unit. If the water depth pressure in the shallow water area is less than the crude oil transportation pressure of the crude oil transportation unit, the compressed air storage container 22 uses a compressed gas tank container for secondary pressurization storage in the tank.

[0048] When there is a peak in wind power generation or excess electricity, the water in the underwater caisson 15 is discharged to store energy by the water pump of the water-pumping / water-turbine power generation integrated machine 25, and at the same time, the atmosphere is sucked into the underwater caisson 15. When the wind power generator 24 is in a power generation valley or power failure, the generator of the water-pumping / water-turbine power generation integrated machine 25 is quickly started to utilize the pressure difference between the water in the underwater caisson and the water depth to drive the water-turbine power generator of the water-pumping / water-turbine power generation integrated machine 25 to generate power to provide a pipeline heat source for the crude oil transportation unit. At the same time, as the power generation increases, the water level rises, and the gas in the underwater caisson 15 is compressed, and the compressed gas is discharged to the compressed air storage container 22 through the compressed gas input pipeline 14. The compressed gas in the compressed air storage container 22 is connected with the crude oil transportation unit gas channel 4 through the compressed gas output pipeline 23 to provide compressed gas for the crude oil transportation unit gas channel. Since the compressed gas in the underwater caisson 15 has no mechanical loss, its efficiency is much higher than that of an air compressor. The compressed gas output pipeline 23 is connected with the crude oil transportation unit gas channel 4 near the compressed air storage container 22 and the electric heating module.

[0049] The crude oil transportation unit includes a crude oil pipeline 1, an electric heating module, a crude oil transportation unit gas channel 4, and a semi-permeable membrane gas chamber inner pipeline 5. The electric heating film 3 in the electric heating module is attached to the inner wall of the crude oil pipeline 1; the semi-permeable membrane gas chamber inner pipeline 5 is placed in the crude oil pipeline 1 and is coaxial with the crude oil pipeline 1, and has a gap between the electric heating film 3 or the inner wall of the crude oil pipeline, which is the crude oil transportation unit gas channel 4, and the crude oil transportation pipeline 7 inside the semi-permeable membrane pipeline 5.

[0050] The crude oil pipeline 1 includes an outer pipeline 26 and an aerogel inner thermal insulation coating 2, which is evenly coated on the inner wall of the outer pipeline 26. Due to the light weight, heat insulation and other characteristics of aerogel, the coating thickness is several millimeters or even less than 2 millimeters, and has flexibility and toughness. It has the characteristics of super-long service life, super-strong heat insulation performance, super-high fireproof performance, super-optimized mechanical performance, etc., and can insulate the temperature in the crude oil pipeline 1.

[0051] The electric heating module is composed of a power distribution control cabinet 10, a pressure and temperature sensor group 21, and an electric heating film 3. The electric heating module is installed in the crude oil pipeline 1 according to the heating demand of the crude oil pipeline 1, and the pressure and temperature sensor group 21 is attached to the inner wall of the crude oil pipeline 1 and connected with the power distribution control cabinet 10 through signal lines passing through the crude oil pipeline 1; the electric heating film 3 is attached to the inner wall of the outer pipeline 26 and connected with the power output end of the power distribution control cabinet 10 through wires passing through the crude oil pipeline 1; the wind power generator 24 and the underwater caisson 15 energy storage power supply are connected with the power distribution control cabinet 10 through the input cable 19, and the gas in the crude oil transportation unit gas channel 4 is heated by the power distribution control cabinet 10 and the electric heating film 3.

[0052] Wherein, the power distribution control cabinet 10 is connected with the wind power generator power output end 18 and the underwater caisson energy storage power cable 20 through the input cable 19 respectively, and the power distribution control cabinet 10 is connected with the electric heating film through the output cable 27. The power distribution control cabinet 10 monitors the temperature and pressure changes of the crude oil pipeline 1 in real time through the pressure temperature sensor group 21, and assists in ensuring that the gas temperature and pressure are greater than the crude oil temperature and pressure to be transported through the control of the electric heating film 3 and the gas control valve 11.

[0053] As shown in Figure 3 The half-permeable membrane gas chamber inner pipeline 5 includes half-permeable membrane gas holes 29 and gas flow guide gas chambers 28, wherein the half-permeable membrane gas chamber inner pipeline 5 is made of metal and polymer material, the half-permeable membrane gas chamber inner pipeline 5 is composed of a plurality of gas flow guide gas chambers 28, and a plurality of half-permeable membrane gas holes 29 are opened at the bottom of each gas flow guide gas chamber 28 close to the gas passage end, wherein the diameter of each gas hole is smaller than the molecular diameter of the crude oil 8, the gas can pass through the half-permeable membrane gas hole 29, and the water or crude oil 8 cannot pass through, and the half-permeable membrane gas hole 29 has the gas penetration ability. Since a certain space structure is reserved in each gas flow guide gas chamber 28 to save gas and at the same time has a gas guide structure 17, the half-permeable membrane gas chamber inner pipeline 5 is fixed in the crude oil pipeline 1 through a fulcrum, and the crude oil transportation unit gas passage 4 is formed between the half-permeable membrane gas chamber inner pipeline 5 and the crude oil pipeline 1. The gas passes through the half-permeable membrane gas chamber inner pipeline gas flow guide gas chamber 2 through the crude oil transportation unit gas passage 4, acts on the surface of the crude oil 8 in the crude oil pipeline 1, and forms a gas film 6 between the crude oil 8 and the half-permeable membrane gas chamber inner pipeline 5. Thus, the gas film 6 separates the crude oil 8 from the half-permeable membrane gas chamber inner pipeline 5, greatly reduces the adhesion force between the crude oil 8 and the inner wall of the half-permeable membrane gas chamber inner pipeline 5, and improves the transportation capacity of the crude oil pipeline 1 for transporting the crude oil 8;

[0054] Wherein the installation direction of the half-permeable membrane gas chamber inner pipeline 5 is the same as the exhaust direction of the gas guide structure 17 of the half-permeable membrane gas chamber inner pipeline wall and the crude oil transportation direction 16.

[0055] The control method of the present application comprises the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: According to the characteristics of crude oil, environmental temperature, pressure, pipeline diameter and wind power storage unit data, and the new energy heating priority principle, the relationship function of the best temperature and pressure of the offshore wind power, energy storage heating gas film drag reduction crude oil pipeline system for crude oil transportation is established;

[0057] Step 2: According to the relationship function, the power distribution control cabinet controls the electric heating film power in real time according to the temperature and pressure data of the wind power storage unit, and assists in ensuring that the gas temperature and pressure are greater than the crude oil temperature and pressure to be transported;

[0058] Step 3, the power distribution control cabinet adjusts the power of the electric heating film in real time, tracks the maximum power of the new energy, ensures the maximum power output of the new energy power supply, and transmits data to the wind power and energy storage unit power distribution control cabinet through wireless communication, so as to control the temperature and pressure of the compressed gas output by the wind power and energy storage unit;

[0059] Step 4, considering the oil well system maintenance and fault problem, the controller controls the temperature and pressure of the compressed gas output by the wind power and energy storage unit and the heating power of the electric heating film, further improves the temperature and pressure of the offshore wind power, energy storage heating gas film drag reduction crude oil pipeline gas, and drives the rapid flow of crude oil.

Claims

1. A crude oil pipeline system for offshore wind power, energy storage heating, and drag reduction using a film gas structure, characterized in that, It includes wind power energy storage units and crude oil transportation units; both wind power energy storage units and crude oil transportation units are located in the sea, with the wind power energy storage units installed near the crude oil transportation units. The wind power energy storage unit includes a wind turbine, an underwater caisson, and a compressed air storage container. In shallow waters, the wind turbine is placed on top of the underwater caisson, forming an integrated structure. The underwater caisson serves as the suction anchor for the wind turbine. The compressed air storage container is installed next to the underwater caisson. The air inlet of the compressed air storage container is connected to the exhaust port of the underwater caisson via a compressed gas input pipe. The compressed gas from the compressed air storage container is connected to the gas duct of the crude oil transportation unit via a compressed gas output pipe through a gas control valve. The gas control valve is connected to the power distribution control cabinet wirelessly or via a wired connection. Under the control of the power distribution control cabinet, the gas control valve controls the pressure on the crude oil transportation unit. In relatively deep waters, a floating wind turbine is used. The underwater caisson is placed on the seabed, serving as a floating wind turbine suction anchor. The compressed air storage container uses an air bladder as the air storage container. Based on the crude oil transportation pressure of the crude oil transportation unit, it is placed at a water depth greater than the crude oil transportation pressure. If the water depth and pressure in shallow waters are less than the crude oil transportation pressure of the crude oil transportation unit, the compressed air storage container uses a compressed air tank to re-pressurize and store the air inside the tank. During peak wind power generation periods or when there is surplus power, the pump of the integrated pumping / hydropower generator discharges the water in the underwater caisson for energy storage, while simultaneously drawing air into the underwater caisson. During off-peak wind power generation periods or when there is a power outage, the generator of the integrated pumping / hydropower generator quickly starts, utilizing the pressure difference between the underwater caisson and the water depth to drive the turbine generator of the integrated pumping / hydropower generator to generate electricity and provide pipeline heat source for power supply to the crude oil transportation unit. At the same time, as the power generation increases, the water level rises, and the gas in the underwater caisson is compressed. The compressed gas is discharged into the compressed air storage container for storage through the compressed gas input pipeline. The compressed gas in the compressed air storage container is connected to the air duct of the crude oil transportation unit through the compressed gas output pipeline, providing compressed gas to the air duct of the crude oil transportation unit. The connection between the compressed gas output pipeline and the air duct of the crude oil transportation unit is located near the compressed air storage container and the electric heating membrane assembly. The crude oil transport unit includes a crude oil pipeline, an electric heating membrane assembly, a crude oil transport unit air passage, and a semi-permeable membrane air chamber pipe; the electric heating membrane is adhered to the inner wall of the crude oil pipeline; the semi-permeable membrane air chamber pipe is placed inside the crude oil pipeline and is coaxial with the crude oil pipeline, and gaps are left between the electric heating membranes or on the inner wall of the crude oil pipeline, which are the crude oil transport unit air passages, and the inside of the semi-permeable membrane air chamber pipe is the crude oil transport pipeline. The electric heating membrane assembly consists of a power distribution control cabinet, a pressure and temperature sensor group, and an electric heating membrane. The electric heating membrane assembly is installed in sections inside and outside the crude oil pipeline according to the heating requirements of the crude oil pipeline. The pressure and temperature sensor group is adhered to the inner wall of the crude oil pipeline and is connected to the power distribution control cabinet through a signal line passing through the crude oil pipeline. The electric heating membrane is connected to the power output terminal of the power distribution control cabinet through a wire passing through the crude oil pipeline. The wind turbine and the underwater submerged tank energy storage power supply are connected to the power distribution control cabinet through an input cable. The electric heating membrane provides auxiliary heating for the gas in the gas flow channel. The semi-permeable membrane gas chamber pipeline includes semi-permeable membrane pores and gas guiding chambers. The semi-permeable membrane gas chamber pipeline is made of a composite of metal and polymer materials. The pipe wall of the semi-permeable membrane gas chamber pipeline is composed of multiple gas guiding chambers. At the bottom of each gas guiding chamber pipeline, near the gas channel end, there are several semi-permeable membrane pores. The diameter of each pore is smaller than the diameter of crude oil molecules. Gas can pass through the semi-permeable membrane pores, but water or crude oil cannot pass through, thus having gas permeability. The semi-permeable membrane gas chamber pipeline is fixed inside the crude oil pipeline by a fulcrum, forming a crude oil transportation unit gas channel between the semi-permeable membrane gas chamber pipeline and the crude oil pipeline. Gas passes through the gas guiding chamber of the semi-permeable membrane gas chamber pipeline through the gas channel and acts on the surface of the crude oil in the crude oil pipeline, forming a gas film between the crude oil and the semi-permeable membrane gas chamber pipeline. This gas film separates the crude oil from the semi-permeable membrane gas chamber pipeline, reduces the adhesion between the crude oil and the inner wall of the semi-permeable membrane gas chamber pipeline, and improves the crude oil transportation capacity of the crude oil transportation pipeline.

2. The offshore wind power, energy storage heating gas film drag reduction crude oil pipeline system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crude oil pipeline includes an outer pipe and an aerogel inner insulation coating. The aerogel inner insulation coating is uniformly applied to the inner wall of the outer pipe. The coating thickness is less than 2 mm and it has flexibility and toughness, which is used to insulate the crude oil pipeline.

3. The offshore wind power, energy storage heating film drag reduction crude oil pipeline system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power distribution control cabinet is connected to the power output terminal of the wind power generation and the power supply cable of the underwater sump energy storage via input cables. The power distribution control cabinet is connected to the electric heating membrane via output cables. The power distribution control cabinet monitors the temperature and pressure changes of the crude oil pipeline in real time through a pressure and temperature sensor group, controls the electric heating membrane and gas control valve, and helps to ensure that the gas temperature and pressure are higher than the temperature and pressure of the crude oil being transported.

4. The offshore wind power, energy storage heating gas film drag reduction crude oil pipeline system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation direction of the semi-permeable membrane gas chamber pipe is based on the fact that the exhaust direction of the gas guiding structure on the pipe wall of the semi-permeable membrane gas chamber is the same as the crude oil transportation direction.

5. A control method for an offshore wind power, energy storage heating film drag reduction crude oil pipeline system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Based on the characteristics of crude oil, ambient temperature, pressure, pipeline diameter, and wind power energy storage unit data, as well as the principle of prioritizing new energy heating, establish the optimal temperature and pressure relationship function for crude oil transportation in the offshore wind power, energy storage heating, and drag reduction crude oil pipeline system. Step 2: Based on the relationship function, the power distribution control cabinet controls the power of the electric heating film in real time according to the temperature and pressure data of the wind power energy storage unit, so as to help ensure that the gas temperature and pressure are greater than the temperature and pressure of the transported crude oil. Step 3: The power distribution control cabinet adjusts the power of the electric heating film in real time to track and control the maximum power of the new energy source, ensuring the maximum power output of the new energy source. It also transmits the data to the power distribution control cabinet of the wind power energy storage unit via wireless communication to control the temperature and pressure of the compressed gas output by the wind power energy storage unit. Step 4: Considering the maintenance and malfunction issues of the oil well system, the controller controls the temperature and pressure of the compressed gas output by the wind power energy storage unit, as well as the heating power of the electric heating film, to further increase the temperature and pressure of the gas in the offshore wind power and energy storage heating film drag reduction crude oil pipeline, driving the crude oil to flow rapidly.

Images