A simulation device and method for fire spread and fire extinguishing and rekindling of a sealing ring of an external floating roof storage tank

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of outer floating roof tank sealing ring fire spread and fire extinguishing rekindling simulation device and method, comprising: outer floating roof tank simulation device, temperature measuring device, oil supply and ignition device, fire extinguishing platform, central control system etc..Floating disc is installed inside outer floating roof tank simulation device, suspended on water surface, annular area between floating disc and side wall is used to simulate sealing ring area;Oil supply device supplies oil to sealing ring area, simulates oil exposure process after sealing ring damage, and uses ignition device to ignite, simulates fire spread process in sealing ring;Fire extinguishing platform is used to implement fire extinguishing;Temperature measuring device measures temperature in annular sealing ring area in real time;Central control system controls oil supply and fire extinguishing process intelligently through temperature change, realizes sealing ring fire spread, fire extinguishing and rekindling process.The system realizes the whole process simulation of outer floating roof tank sealing ring fire spread, fire extinguishing rekindling, and can provide device for fire brigade fire fighting and rescue practical training.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of storage tank fire simulation and fire fighting training, in particular to a sealed ring fire spreading and fire rekindling simulation device and simulation method for an external floating roof storage tank. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid growth of energy demand in China, in order to protect national energy security, the state has built a large number of oil tank farms. However, the safety management of storage tanks has not kept pace with the rapid development of petrochemical industry, resulting in continuous occurrence of storage tank accidents, which poses a great threat to the safety of storage tank farms and becomes a safety short board in the industry.

[0003] Large external floating roof storage tanks are one of the most commonly used types of storage tanks. The floating roof of the external floating roof storage tank is arranged on the oil surface and can float up and down with the rise and fall of the oil surface. In order to make the floating roof closely connected with the inner wall surface of the storage tank and reduce the evaporation of oil, a sealing ring that can move up and down with the liquid level is arranged between the floating roof and the tank wall. The sealing ring can be divided into primary sealing and secondary sealing, and the secondary sealing usually adopts flexible materials such as foam and plastic blocks. In the actual storage process, once lightning or friction induced static electricity occurs, it is easy to cause a sealing ring fire. From the types of past storage tank accidents, the sealing ring fire of large external floating roof storage tanks is the most common. The initial stage of the sealing ring fire is usually point-like local combustion. After the fire occurs, the oil stored under the floating roof leaks out, and the oil flows in the annular area of the sealing ring, causing the fire to spread and form a ring-shaped fire in the sealing ring. If the ring-shaped fire in the sealing ring is not handled properly, the fire will further spread and cause a full-liquid-surface fire in the external floating roof storage tank, resulting in serious consequences. At present, for the sealing ring fire of the external floating roof storage tank, artificial tank climbing fire extinguishing or high spray vehicle foam fire extinguishing is usually used. However, when foam is used for fire extinguishing, due to the existence of secondary sealing, a foam coverage blind area is easily generated, which often causes fire rekindling after fire extinguishing.

[0004] Therefore, for different stages of the fire scene of the sealing ring fire of the external floating roof storage tank, such as ignition, spreading and rekindling, different focuses need to be paid attention to during fire extinguishing. For example, in the ignition stage of the sealing ring fire, the fire spread should be blocked in time and the tank should be climbed to extinguish the fire quickly, while in the ring-shaped fire stage of the sealing ring, the risk should be evaluated and the tank should be climbed to extinguish the fire carefully. The development of the above fire extinguishing strategies requires fire rescue personnel to choose dynamically according to the specific fire scene and the development of the fire, which requires fire rescue personnel to have a full-process understanding of the ignition, spreading and rekindling after fire extinguishing of the sealing ring fire of the external floating roof storage tank and sufficient disposal experience.

[0005] Ordinary fire fighting tactics training and a small number of actual fire field experiences are difficult to provide sufficient disposal experience for firemen to fight sealed ring fire. In view of these problems, scholars have proposed the use of storage tank fire real fire simulation training device to train and improve the disposal ability of firemen. The authorized announcement number CN 115880970 A, the simulation of internal floating roof tank fire training device, by setting the first ignition point and the second ignition point on the internal floating roof tank, by supplying combustible gas to simulate the internal floating roof tank seal ring leakage fire and tank leakage fluid fire, using the temperature sensor of the tank top to control the electromagnetic valve of the gas supply system to close the simulation of fire extinguishing. The authorized announcement number CN 204204305 U, an internal floating roof storage tank fire real fire simulation training device and system, uses a water bath burner arranged on the internal floating roof to simulate the fire, controls the gas supply flow through the temperature sensor, and simulates the change process of the flame size with the fire extinguishing means. The authorized announcement number CN 204204305 U, an internal floating roof storage tank fire real fire simulation training device and system, places a tray and a burner on the upper layer of the storage tank to simulate the full liquid surface fire of the storage tank top.

[0006] Through the research and analysis of the existing technology, it can be seen that the existing storage tank real fire simulation training device still has certain limitations in function. On the one hand, by simulating the combustion process of gas, it is impossible to simulate the spread process of real storage tank liquid fire, and when simulating fire extinguishing, it is impossible to simulate the process of suffocation fire extinguishing and fire rekindling after fire extinguishing, which is different from the actual fire field and fire extinguishing process. In the fire extinguishing drill of the seal ring fire of the external floating roof storage tank, the spread and rekindling process after fire extinguishing must be paid attention to. On the other hand, the existing device cannot quantitatively evaluate the effect of real fire extinguishing training in real time, which leads to the inability to judge the fire extinguishing effect and training effect. The above two factors lead to the poor effect of the actual fire extinguishing training of the existing storage tank real fire simulation training device. Therefore, an external floating roof storage tank seal ring fire spread and fire rekindling simulation drill device is needed, which can simulate the development process of the fire and provide real-time feedback on the fire extinguishing effect, and can be used to improve the ability of firemen to deal with such fires. SUMMARY

[0007] The present application aims to solve the problem of poor effect of external floating roof storage tank seal ring fire extinguishing drill. To this end, the present application proposes an external floating roof storage tank seal ring fire spread and fire rekindling simulation drill device, which can simulate the process of external floating roof storage tank seal ring fire development and spread and fire rekindling after fire extinguishing, and can display the fire extinguishing effect in real time for evaluating the fire extinguishing effect. The use of the simulation drill device can effectively simulate the real external floating roof storage tank seal ring fire and the fire extinguishing process, increase the experience of firemen in dealing with seal ring fire, and assist the fire brigade in formulating corresponding fire extinguishing plans and tactics.

[0008] The present application also aims to propose an external floating roof storage tank seal ring fire spread and fire rekindling simulation method.

[0009] According to the external floating roof tank sealing ring fire spreading and fire extinguishing rekindling simulation device, the temperature measuring device is located above the liquid surface, and is used for measuring the temperature in the tank in real time; the oil supply and ignition device is arranged correspondingly with the temperature measuring device, the oil supply nozzle is located below the liquid surface, and the ignition device is located above the liquid surface, so that the oil injection and ignition functions are realized; the fire extinguishing platform is arranged outside the tank, is provided with a fire extinguishing device at the upper portion, is movable as a whole, and is used for simulating the fire extinguishing process of the external floating roof tank; and the central control system is used for realizing automatic control, including control of the processes of oil injection, ignition, water injection, smoke exhaust and purging.

[0010] According to the external floating roof tank simulation device, the diameter of the floating disc is smaller than that of the tank, and there is a gap between the floating disc and the tank wall, which is used for simulating the annular area of the external floating roof tank sealing ring, the height of the floating disc is adjusted by injecting water with different thicknesses in the tank, which is used for simulating the external floating roof tank sealing ring fire under different side wall heights (the distance from the floating disc to the top edge of the tank wall), and the support column is used for fixing the position of the floating disc to prevent the floating disc from tilting during the fire extinguishing process.

[0011] According to the temperature measuring device, a plurality of groups of temperature measuring devices are uniformly arranged, and the temperature measuring device comprises a temperature sensor, a heat collecting metal plate and a support. The temperature sensor is fixed on the edge of the floating disc through the support, and the height can be adjusted through the support. The heat collecting metal plate is used for collecting heat flow. One group of temperature sensors is arranged on the floating disc, and the number of temperature sensors is not less than two, which are used for measuring the temperature in real time.

[0012] According to the temperature measuring device, the heat collecting metal plate is arranged behind the temperature sensor, which is used for collecting heat flow and enhancing the sensitivity of the temperature sensor. The signal transmission line of the temperature measuring device and the remaining components outside the measuring structure are protected by using fireproof paint, fireproof cloth and metal cover.

[0013] Optionally, the temperature sensor can use a device such as a thermocouple to measure the temperature, which is not limited here.

[0014] Advantageously, the signal transmission line of the temperature measuring device can be arranged below the water layer for cooling and protection.

[0015] The oil supply and ignition device according to the embodiment of the present application comprises an oil supply nozzle, an electromagnetic valve, an oil supply pipeline, a valve group, an oil storage device and an igniter. The oil supply and ignition device is uniformly arranged in an annular area between a floating deck and a storage tank wall, the oil supply nozzle is located below the water surface, the oil supply rate is adjusted by the opening degree of the electromagnetic valve, and the oil supply rate is used to simulate the size of the fire, the middle part of the oil supply pipeline is a flexible pipe, the front end and the rear end are fixed pipes, and the oil supply pipeline can rise and fall with the floating deck, the valve group is used for oil supply adjustment and emergency shutdown, the oil storage device is used for storing oil, and the igniter is correspondingly arranged with the oil supply nozzle and located at a certain position above the liquid surface to realize the ignition function.

[0016] The oil supply and ignition device according to the embodiment of the present application is used to simulate the process of the fire of the sealing ring when the simulation starts, the oil supply nozzle sprays oil by manually controlling any single electromagnetic valve to open, and the corresponding igniter ignites.

[0017] The oil supply and ignition device according to the embodiment of the present application is used to simulate the process of the fire of the sealing ring when the simulation starts, the oil supply nozzle sprays oil by manually controlling any single electromagnetic valve to open, and the corresponding igniter ignites.

[0018] Advantageously, when ignition is performed, different positions and different numbers of nozzles can be selected to spray oil, and the igniter ignites, which is used to simulate the scene of a single or multiple ignition points.

[0019] The fire extinguishing platform according to the embodiment of the present application comprises a device table, a fire extinguishing device, a movable support and a camera. The fire extinguishing device and the camera are arranged on the fire extinguishing platform, and the fire extinguishing device and the camera can change the position on the platform and the angle of arrangement through the movable support, which is used to simulate different spraying angles of the fire extinguishing agent and better monitor the fire information.

[0020] Optionally, the camera can be replaced by an infrared camera, a drone or other video monitoring equipment.

[0021] The fire extinguishing platform according to the embodiment of the present application is used to simulate the extinguishing process when the fire extinguishing device of the fire extinguishing platform is started, the sprayed fire extinguishing agent causes the temperature to change, and when the temperature sensor in the area of the fire extinguishing agent detects a sudden drop in temperature, the electromagnetic valve at the corresponding position is closed, and the oil supply nozzle stops spraying oil.

[0022] Advantageously, in the process of fire simulation, in order to ensure safety, the valve group can be manually controlled to be closed, the oil supply is cut off in emergency condition, and the simulation is terminated.

[0023] The central control system according to the embodiment of the present application comprises a control module, a fire spreading and fire extinguishing display device and a control center. The control module comprises functions of oil supply control, ignition control, water injection control, purging control, smoke exhaust control, emergency oil discharge control and the like, the fire spreading and fire extinguishing display device can display in real time the starting condition of the nozzle, the temperature sensor condition and the camera monitoring condition of all positions, and is used for realizing the quantitative evaluation function of the fire extinguishing effect, and the control center is used for realizing the intelligent control and manual control of all control functions.

[0024] The cooling and protection system according to the embodiment of the present application, the combustible gas concentration detector detects the combustible gas in the storage tank, is used for starting the fan to perform purging, prevents explosion, the high-temperature smoke exhaust fan is arranged on the tank top, is used for realizing the mechanical smoke exhaust function, the purging and oil discharge port are arranged on the floating plate, are used for performing the purging and oil discharge before and after the use of the simulation device, the water inlet and outlet pipes and the water supply device can transport a certain thickness of water layer in the space between the upper part of the floating plate and the foam baffle and the tank wall, realize the cooling and protection of the equipment and the function of preventing the formation of explosive mixed gas, and the tank wall cooling nozzle is used for realizing the cooling and protection function of the tank body equipment. It needs to be noted that the purging and oil discharge are realized by the fan and the oil pump arranged outside the storage tank, are replaced according to the need, and are not limited here in detail.

[0025] The simulation method of the fire spreading and fire extinguishing and rekindling of the sealing ring of the outer floating roof storage tank according to the embodiment of the present application comprises the following steps: controlling the floating plate of the outer floating roof storage tank simulation device to be lifted to a test position; controlling the oil injection of the oil supply and ignition device; controlling the ignition of the igniter of the oil supply and ignition device; controlling the oil injection of the adjacent nozzle and the ignition of the igniter to simulate the fire spreading; controlling the start of the fire extinguishing device to extinguish the fire; controlling the stop of the oil injection of the nozzle to simulate the fire extinguishing process; controlling the oil injection of the oil supply nozzle in the rekindling area and the ignition of the igniter to simulate the rekindling after the fire extinguishing; controlling the camera to shoot the fire scene; and controlling the smoke exhaust of the smoke exhaust fan and the purging of the purging device.

[0026] Additional aspects and advantages of the application will become apparent from the following description, which is by way of illustration, or can be learned by practice of the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and be readily understood by considering the following detailed description, including the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0028] Figure 1A top view of the fire spreading and fire extinguishing and rekindling simulation device for the outer floating roof tank sealing ring of an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 2 A sectional view of an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic view of the temperature measuring device and oil supply and ignition device of an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Reference signs:

[0032] An outer floating roof tank simulation device 1, a tank wall 10, a floating roof 11, a support column 12,

[0033] A temperature measuring device 2, a temperature sensor 20, a heat collecting metal plate 21, a bracket 22,

[0034] An oil supply and ignition device 3, an oil supply nozzle 30, an igniter 31, a solenoid valve 32, an oil supply pipeline 33, a valve group 34, an oil storage device 35,

[0035] A fire extinguishing platform 4, a device table 40, a fire extinguishing device 41, a movable bracket 42, a camera 43,

[0036] A central control system 5, a control module 50, a fire spreading and fire extinguishing display device 51, a control center 52,

[0037] A cooling protection device 6, a high-temperature smoke exhaust fan 60, a purging and oil discharge port 61, a water supply device 62, an inlet and outlet water pipe 63, an inlet and outlet water port 64, a tank wall cooling nozzle 65, a flammable gas concentration detector 66, a purging and oil discharge pipeline 67, DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference signs represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0039] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0040] The outer floating roof tank sealing ring fire spreading and fire extinguishing and rekindling simulation device of an embodiment of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a fire spread and reignition simulation exercise device for the sealing ring of an external floating roof tank is provided. Figure 1 , 2 As shown, it includes: an external floating roof tank simulation device 1, a temperature measuring device 2, an oil supply and ignition device 3, a fire extinguishing platform 4, a central control system 5, and a cooling and protection device 6.

[0042] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the external floating roof tank simulation device consists of a tank wall 10, a floating roof 11, and support columns 12. The floating roof 11 is made of steel and has a diameter smaller than that of the tank wall 10. The floating roof 11 has a certain edge height to ensure that it can float on the water surface after being filled with water. Support columns 12 are fixed on the floating roof 11 to fix it and prevent it from tilting during fire simulation and firefighting.

[0043] Continue to refer to Figure 2 As the amount of water injected into the tank changes, the height of the floating roof 11 also changes, altering its distance from the upper edge of the tank wall 10 (side wall height), thus changing the side wall height. When the water injection volume reaches a predetermined value, the support column 12 and the floating roof can be secured with fixing nuts to prevent the floating roof from tilting during the simulation. It should be noted that when using foam to extinguish a fire in the sealing ring, the foam needs to cover the sealing ring to extinguish the fire. The water layer between the floating roof 11 and the tank wall 10 can provide support for the flow and coverage of the foam, better simulating the suffocation fire extinguishing process.

[0044] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the temperature measuring device 2 consists of a temperature sensor 20, a heat-collecting metal plate 21, and a bracket 22. The heat-collecting metal plate 21 is located behind the temperature sensor 20, which can better receive heat flow and enhance the sensitivity of the temperature sensor 20. Both the temperature sensor 20 and the heat-collecting metal plate 21 are mounted on the upper part of the bracket 22.

[0045] Continue to refer to Figure 2 The temperature measuring device 2 is fixed on the floating plate 11 by the bracket 22 and is evenly distributed in the space between the floating plate 11 and the tank wall 10. The height of the temperature sensor 20 can be adjusted by the bracket to ensure a certain height from the liquid surface.

[0046] Advantageously, the number of temperature sensors 20 is not less than 2, and temperature measurement is performed simultaneously to improve the accuracy of temperature measurement.

[0047] Optionally, the temperature sensor 20 is used to measure the temperature in real time, and can be a thermocouple, temperature sensing cable, etc., which are not limited here.

[0048] Advantageously, each component of the temperature measuring device 2 is protected by fireproof cloth or the like to avoid damage to its structure by the fire.

[0049] As shown in Figure 2 , 3 , the oil supply and ignition device 3 is composed of an oil supply nozzle 30, an igniter 31, an electromagnetic valve 32, an oil supply pipeline 33, a valve group 34, and an oil storage device 35. The oil storage device 35 is located after the valve group 34 and provides fuel for the system. The oil supply pipeline 33 enters from below the outer floating roof tank 1, and the middle section of the pipeline is arranged in the water layer using a hose. The oil supply nozzle 30 is located below the water layer between the floating disc 11 and the tank wall 10, and the front end is fixed to the edge of the floating disc 11. The electromagnetic valve 32 is located on the oil supply pipeline 33 in front of the nozzle 30 and is used to control the supply of fuel. The igniter 31 is located above the water layer at a certain height from the water surface. It should be noted that after the electromagnetic valve 32 is opened and the nozzle 30 sprays the oil, the fuel will float to the surface of the water layer due to its lower density than water. The evaporated oil forms a certain thickness of vapor zone above the water layer, so the ignition cannot be directly performed at the oil layer position, and the igniter 31 needs to be at a certain height above the water layer.

[0050] Continuing to refer to Figure 2 , the oil supply and ignition device 3 is arranged corresponding to the temperature measuring device 2. Before the fire simulation, first adjust the floating disc 10 of the tank to the set height, then manually control the opening of the electromagnetic valve 32 of any one of the oil supply and ignition devices 3, the oil supply nozzle 30 sprays oil, and the igniter 31 ignites to simulate the ignition scene. After successful ignition, the high temperature generated by the flame affects the surrounding space, and the temperature measured by the adjacent temperature measuring device 2 suddenly rises, then the corresponding electromagnetic valve 32 is opened, the oil supply nozzle 30 sprays oil, and the igniter 31 ignites, and so on, to simulate the spread of the fire.

[0051] Optionally, the oil supply and ignition device 3 has multiple types of flammable oil to choose from, such as gasoline, n-heptane, etc., which are not limited here.

[0052] Optionally, the ignition device 31 can use multiple ways such as electric ignition, propane burner ignition, etc., which are not limited here.

[0053] Advantageously, the number of ignition devices 31 can be increased as needed to ensure the reliability of ignition.

[0054] Optionally, the electromagnetic valve 32 can be replaced by an electromagnetic valve that can control the opening degree to more accurately control the supply of oil.

[0055] As shown in Figure 2As shown, the fire extinguishing platform 4 is composed of a device table 40, a fire extinguishing device 41, a movable support 42 and a camera 43. The fire extinguishing platform 4 is arranged at the edge of the tank wall 10 and can be moved to a distance from the tank wall 10. It should be noted that the fire extinguishing device 41 is only needed for illustration in the present application, and when the fire extinguishing training of the present application is used, the firefighters can set the number and position of the fire extinguishing device (such as a foam gun, a fire monitor, a fire water gun, etc.) according to their own judgment to meet the requirements of fire extinguishing tactics and fire extinguishing skill training.

[0056] Continuing to refer to Figure 2 , the fire extinguishing device 41 and the camera 43 are arranged on the device table 40 through the movable support 42. The movable support 42 can be moved on the device table 40 to be close to or away from the tank, and the fixed angle of the fire extinguishing device 41 and the camera 43 on the movable support 42 can be adjusted for better spraying of fire extinguishing agent and monitoring of the fire inside the tank. It should be noted that the camera 43 needs to be a certain distance from the tank wall 10, and a metal shell, fireproof cloth, etc. should be used for protection to prevent damage to the camera caused by the fire.

[0057] Optionally, the position of the camera 43 can be adjusted as needed, and a high-definition digital camera, an infrared camera, a drone, etc. can be selected according to actual application needs, which are not limited here.

[0058] Continuing to refer to Figure 2 , after the fire extinguishing device 41 is started, the temperature in the corresponding fire extinguishing agent action area changes, and after the temperature measured by the temperature measuring device 2 suddenly drops, the electromagnetic valve 32 at the corresponding position is closed, the oil supply nozzle 30 stops spraying oil, and the simulation of the fire extinguishing process is realized. When the fire extinguishing agent in the area where the flame has been extinguished fails, the temperature measured by the temperature measuring device 2 suddenly rises, the electromagnetic valve 32 at the corresponding position is opened, the oil supply nozzle 30 starts to spray oil, the igniter 31 ignites, and the simulation of the post-fire rekindling process is realized.

[0059] Optionally, in order to simulate a real sealed ring fire, a metal plate can be arranged between the floating plate 11 and the tank wall 10 to simulate the secondary sealing structure of the external floating roof tank.

[0060] Optionally, the fire extinguishing device can select a foam gun, a water gun, a fire monitor, etc. for spraying fire extinguishing agent, which is not limited here.

[0061] As Figure 1 , 2As shown, the central control system 5 includes a control module 50, a fire spread and extinguishing display device 51, and a control center 52. The control module 50 is mounted on the floating roof 11 and is used to implement functions such as fuel supply control, ignition control, water injection control, purging control, smoke extraction control, and emergency fuel draining control. The extinguishing display device 51 and the control center 52 are mounted outside the storage tank. The control center 52 is connected to the control module 50 and can realize manual control of the automatic control functions.

[0062] Continue to refer to Figure 1 , 2 When solenoid valve 32 is opened or closed, a signal is simultaneously transmitted to the fire extinguishing display device 51, and the corresponding fire point is displayed as either on fire or extinguished, realizing the real-time display function of fire spread and fire extinguishing. At the same time, the camera 43 installed on the fire extinguishing platform 4 can transmit signals to the fire extinguishing display device 51 to display real-time video of the internal fire and fire extinguishing development.

[0063] Advantageously, all signal transmission lines of the control module 50 should be properly protected, such as with fireproof cloth or fireproof coating, to prevent damage from flames; no restrictions are imposed here.

[0064] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 3, the cooling protection device 6 consists of a high-temperature exhaust fan 60, a purging and oil drain port 61, a water supply device 62, inlet and outlet water pipes 63, inlet and outlet water ports 64, tank wall cooling nozzles 65, a combustible gas concentration detector 66, and purging and oil drain pipelines 67. The purging and oil drain port 61 is installed on the floating roof 11 and is activated before and after the simulated fire to perform purging protection. The combustible gas concentration detector 66 is installed on the tank wall 10 and the floating roof 11. When the combustible gas concentration detector 66 detects the formation of an explosive gas mixture, it can activate the high-temperature exhaust fan 60 and the purging and oil drain port 61 for handling. The water supply device 62 is installed outside the external floating roof tank 1 and is connected to the inlet water port 64 through the inlet and outlet water pipes 63 to realize water intake and drainage functions. The tank wall cooling nozzles 65 are installed on the tank wall 10 to cool and protect the tank.

[0065] Continue to refer to Figure 2 , 3 Before the fire simulation, a certain height of water is injected into the storage tank via the water supply device 62, changing the height of the floating roof and submerging the oil supply pipeline 33, thus providing cooling protection and explosion prevention. In case of emergency oil drainage during the simulation, or when residual oil needs to be removed after the simulation, the purging and drain port 61 is opened, and the oil is discharged through the purging and drain pipeline 67. It should be noted that purging and draining are achieved through fans and oil pumps installed outside the storage tank. Their locations are selected and replaced according to actual needs, and are not detailed in the diagram.

[0066] Optionally, the tank wall cooling spray head 65 can be installed near the storage tank, as long as it can ensure that the spray to the tank wall can implement cooling, which is not limited here.

[0067] Advantageously, the spark arrestor should be provided at the outlet of the fan to prevent the spark generated by the start of the fan.

[0068] Advantageously, the number of combustible gas detection devices 66 can be set according to actual needs, which can be provided on the tank top and the upper part of the floating plate, which is not limited here.

[0069] The simulation method of the fire spread and fire extinguishing and rekindling of the sealing ring of the external floating roof storage tank according to the embodiments of the present application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.

[0070] The simulation method of the fire spread and fire extinguishing and rekindling of the sealing ring of the external floating roof storage tank according to the embodiments of the present application comprises the following steps:

[0071] Step S1, according to the actual needs of the exercise, prepare the device, control the floating plate 11 to rise to the set sidewall height.

[0072] The floating plate 11 here is raised by injecting water of different heights, which is used to simulate different effective sidewall heights of the storage tank. After adjusting the height of the floating plate 11, the gap between the floating plate 11 and the support column 12 is sealed with fireproof material.

[0073] Step S2, ensure that the oil supply and ignition device 3 is raised to the appropriate position with the floating plate, control the oil supply of any single oil supply nozzle 30, and the igniter 31 ignites.

[0074] By adjusting the opening of the valve group 34, the flow of oil supply can be adjusted. The oil is manually controlled to enter the space between the tank wall 10 and the floating plate 11 through the oil supply nozzle 30, and the igniter 31 is used to simulate the ignition process.

[0075] Step S3, control the ignition position adjacent to the oil supply and ignition device 3 to ignite.

[0076] Through the temperature measuring device 2, control the adjacent electromagnetic valve 32 to open, the oil supply nozzle 30 to spray oil, and the igniter 31 to ignite, which is used to simulate the fire spread process.

[0077] Step S4, control the fire extinguishing device 41 to start extinguishing.

[0078] Through the device table 40 and the movable support 42, control the fire extinguishing device 41 to move to the appropriate position and start extinguishing, which is used to simulate the extinguishing process.

[0079] Step S5, control the oil supply and ignition device 3 to re-ignite.

[0080] The temperature measuring device 2 in the after-fire reignition area controls the opening of the adjacent electromagnetic valve 32, the oil injection nozzle 30 injects oil, and the igniter 31 ignites, for simulating the after-fire reignition process.

[0081] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0082] Figure 1 The eight groups of temperature measuring devices 2 and oil supply and ignition devices 3 are shown for illustrative purposes, but those skilled in the art can obviously understand that the scheme can be applied to other numbers of technical solutions after reading the above technical solutions, which also falls within the protection scope of the present application.

[0083] The principle of extinguishing in the external floating roof tank sealing ring fire spreading and after-fire reignition simulation device and simulation method according to the embodiments of the present application is known to those skilled in the art, which will not be described in detail here.

[0084] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "embodiment", "example" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0085] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and purposes of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An external floating roof tank seal ring fire spread and fire extinguishing rekindling simulation device, characterized in that, The application relates to an external floating roof tank simulation device, oil supply and ignition device, temperature measuring device, fire extinguishing platform, central control system and cooling and protection device. The external floating roof tank simulation device comprises a tank wall, a floating disc and a supporting column; the upper end of the external floating roof tank simulation device is open; the diameter of the floating disc is smaller than that of the tank wall; the floating disc has a certain edge height and thickness, so that the floating disc can float on the water surface after water injection; the floating disc is lifted by injecting water with different thicknesses, so that the external floating roof tank with different side wall heights is simulated; the floating disc is fixed through the supporting column to prevent tilting. The oil supply and ignition device comprises an oil supply nozzle, an electromagnetic valve, an oil supply pipeline, a valve group, an oil storage device and an igniter; the oil supply and ignition device is uniformly arranged in an annular area between the floating disc and the tank wall; the oil supply nozzle is located below the water surface; the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve are controlled by a temperature signal; the oil supply rate is adjusted by the opening and closing degree of the electromagnetic valve, so that the intelligent oil injection function is realized; the middle part of the oil supply pipeline is a flexible pipe, and the front end and the rear end are fixed pipes, which are used for adjusting the position along with the lifting of the floating disc; the valve group is used for adjusting the oil supply amount and emergency shutdown; the oil storage device is used for storing oil; the igniter is correspondingly arranged with the oil supply nozzle and is located at a certain position above the liquid surface; the ignition device is manually controlled before simulation starts; after initial ignition, the ignition can be controlled according to the temperature, so that the intelligent ignition function is realized. When the fire is simulated, any single electromagnetic valve is manually controlled to be opened, the oil supply nozzle sprays oil, and the corresponding igniter ignites, so as to simulate the process of the seal ring fire. The temperature measuring device is located above the liquid surface and is correspondingly arranged with the oil supply and ignition device, and is used for measuring the temperature in the annular seal ring area in real time. The fire extinguishing platform is arranged outside the tank and is provided with a fire extinguishing device at the upper part and can be integrally moved, and is used for simulating the fire extinguishing process of the external floating roof tank. The central control system is used for realizing automatic control and comprises the control of the oil injection, ignition, water injection, smoke exhaust and purging processes. The cooling and protection device is used for cooling and protection during the tank fire simulation process to prevent explosion accidents. The temperature measuring device is uniformly arranged and comprises temperature sensors, heat collecting metal plates and supports; the temperature sensors are fixed on the edge of the floating disc through the supports and are adjusted in height through the supports; the heat collecting metal plates can collect heat flow to enhance the sensitivity of the temperature sensors; a group of the temperature sensors are arranged at not less than two, which are used for measuring the temperature in real time.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein, ​ 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing platform comprises a device platform, a fire extinguishing device, a movable support and a camera; the device platform can move position to arrange the fire extinguishing device, the fire extinguishing device is arranged on the movable support and can move and rotate angle, which is used for simulating the fire extinguishing process of the outer floating roof tank sealing ring, and the camera is used for monitoring the fire extinguishing time, the fire field information in the whole simulation process.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the fire extinguishing device of the fire extinguishing platform is started, the sprayed fire extinguishing agent can cause temperature change, when the temperature sensor in the fire extinguishing agent action area monitors the sudden temperature drop, the electromagnetic valve at the corresponding position is closed, the oil supply nozzle stops spraying oil, so as to simulate the fire extinguishing process; when the fire extinguishing agent fails, the temperature sensor in the corresponding area monitors the sudden temperature rise, the electromagnetic valve of the part is opened, the oil supply nozzle starts to spray oil, the igniter ignites, so as to simulate the afterburning process after the fire extinguishing.

5. The device according to claim 1, wherein, The central control system comprises a control module, a fire spread and fire extinguishing display device and a control center; the control module comprises oil supply control, ignition control, water injection control, purging control, smoke exhaust control and emergency oil discharge control functions, the fire spread and fire extinguishing display device can display the nozzle starting condition, temperature sensor and camera monitoring condition of all positions in real time, which is used for realizing the quantitative evaluation function of the fire extinguishing effect, and the control center is used for realizing the intelligent and manual control of all control functions.

6. The fire spread and fire extinguishing rekindling simulation device for the sealing ring of an external floating roof storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling and protection device comprises a high-temperature smoke exhaust fan, a purging and oil discharge port, a water supply device, an inlet and outlet water pipe, an inlet and outlet water port, a tank wall cooling nozzle, a combustible gas concentration detector and a purging and oil discharge pipeline; the high-temperature smoke exhaust fan is used for realizing the mechanical smoke exhaust function, the purging and oil discharge port and the purging and oil discharge pipeline are used for purging and oil discharge before and after the use of the exercise device and in the emergency condition, the inlet and outlet water pipe and the water supply device are used for simulating the water injection and drainage before the simulation, the combustible gas concentration detector is used for monitoring the combustible gas concentration, and the tank wall cooling nozzle is used for realizing the cooling and protection function of the tank body equipment.

7. A method for simulating the fire spread and fire extinguishing rekindling of an outer floating roof tank seal ring, used in the outer floating roof tank seal ring fire spread and fire extinguishing rekindling simulation device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Control the floating plate of the outer floating roof tank simulation device to rise to the test position; Control the oil injection of the oil supply and ignition device; Control the ignition of the igniter of the oil supply and ignition device; Control the oil injection and ignition of the adjacent nozzle to simulate the fire spread; Control the start of the fire extinguishing device to extinguish the fire; Control the stop of the oil injection of the nozzle to simulate the fire extinguishing process; Control the oil injection of the oil supply nozzle in the afterburning area and the ignition of the igniter to simulate the afterburning after the fire extinguishing.

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