Ion-selective, targeted grasping material and devices thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of electrochemistry, in particular to an ion-selective targeted grabbing material and a device thereof. The ion-selective targeted grabbing material is characterized by comprising a functional film with a structure of at least three layers, wherein the functional film comprises, from left to right, a conductive layer, an ion adsorption layer and an ion permeation layer. The ion-selective targeted grabbing device comprises at least a pair of cathode electrode and anode electrode. The device can accurately separate and grab specific ions from a solution, and has the characteristics of targeting, fast speed, low energy consumption, wide concentration range, and green environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrochemical technology, specifically to an ion-selective targeted grabbing material and its device. Background Technology

[0002] The separation, concentration, and purification of ions in solutions have wide applications in materials preparation, chemical engineering, metallurgy, pharmaceuticals, and testing. In most applications, multiple ions coexist in the solution, requiring the separation or capture of specific ions to concentrate and enrich them with higher purity. For the separation or enrichment of ions with low concentrations in solution, the main technology currently uses adsorption materials, including ion exchange resins (IER) or ion sieves (IS), to adsorb and separate specific ions. Generally, adsorption materials have low ion capacity, long adsorption times, and are prone to saturation. For example, when the ion concentration in an aqueous solution is in the range of 100-1000 mg / L, the adsorption capacity for ions with small ionic radii, such as boron, lithium, and fluorine, is generally in the range of 1-20 mg / g, with an adsorption time of 12-36 hours. Once the ions are saturated by the adsorption material, chemical reagents (organic solvents, acids, alkalis) or pure water are needed to desorb the adsorbed ions. This consumes a large amount of chemical reagents or water and poses a risk of environmental pollution.

[0003] For high-concentration ionic solutions (1000-10000 mg / L), electrodialysis (ED) is generally used to separate and concentrate ions in aqueous solutions. This process offers high separation efficiency and speed (5-10 hours). The principle is that ions are separated and concentrated after passing through cation and anion exchange membranes under an electric field. Generally, electrodialysis is mainly used to separate various anions and cations, and cannot selectively separate specific ions. While special ion exchange membranes can separate monovalent and divalent ions, they cannot selectively separate ions of the same valence. Therefore, when using electrodialysis to separate and concentrate ions in aqueous solutions containing a mixture of multiple ions, multiple water-isolated chambers composed of multilayer ion exchange membranes are required. The voltage applied between the electrodes is relatively high (typically 5-35V), resulting in significant overall energy consumption. Furthermore, ion exchange membranes require frequent cleaning, consuming chemical reagents and posing a risk of secondary contamination.

[0004] To reduce energy consumption in electrodialysis (ED) ion separation, capacitive deionization (CDI) and membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) technologies have been developed. These technologies can operate at lower voltages (<1.2V), resulting in lower energy consumption during ion separation and concentration. They also eliminate the need for frequent chemical cleaning, making them environmentally friendly. CDI and MCDI are generally suitable for ion concentrations in solutions ranging from 100 to 5000 mg / L. However, CDI can only separate cations and anions, while MCDI with a special ion exchange membrane can separate monovalent and divalent ions. They cannot selectively separate or capture specific ions of the same valence state.

[0005] Existing technologies such as ion exchange resin deionization (IEC), ion exchange membrane deionization (IS), electrodialysis deionization (ED), capacitive adsorption deionization (CDI), and membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) are mainly suitable for the separation and concentration of ions in solutions with ion concentrations ≥100 mg / L. For solutions with low ion concentrations <100 mg / L, the separation efficiency is extremely low, and the operating cost is high. Furthermore, general ion exchange membranes only separate anions and cations. Some special ion exchange membranes can concentrate and separate ions with valences below divalent, but they lack the ability to distinguish between different ion classes with the same valence. Even microporous membrane technologies (such as NF and RO) can only separate divalent and monovalent ions based on pore size, and cannot separate ions with small charges and similar sizes. Current technologies have many shortcomings, such as a narrow applicable range of solution ion concentrations, small deionization capacity, the potential for secondary pollution from chemical adsorption methods, and high energy consumption. In particular, they cannot achieve the separation or capture of single or a few specific ions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this invention provides an ion-selective targeted grasping material and its device.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, an ion-selective targeted grasping material is designed, characterized in that: the ion-selective targeted grasping material is composed of at least three functional thin films, which, from left to right, consist of a conductive layer, an ion adsorption layer, and an ion permeation layer. The functional thin film is divided into a cathode electrode and an anode electrode. The cathode electrode includes a cathode conductive layer, a cathode cation adsorption layer, and a cathode cation permeation layer. The anode electrode includes an anode conductive layer, an anode anion adsorption layer, and an anode anion permeation layer. The cathode electrode and the anode electrode can be composed of the same or different types of materials. The cathode electrode can selectively grasp characteristic cations, and the anode electrode can selectively grasp characteristic anions. The thickness and porosity of the functional thin film layers are adjusted according to the characteristic target ions.

[0008] The conductive layer material is composed of carbon and at least one of the following metals: platinum, gold, silver, tantalum, titanium, copper, zinc, aluminum, and stainless steel. Its thickness ranges from 1 to 500 μm. This film is tightly adhered to a conductive plate or conductive film-coated plate, or the conductive surface of the conductive plate or conductive film-coated plate serves as the conductive layer. The ion adsorption layer material is composed of a composite microporous adsorption material of carbon and oxides. The micropore size ranges from 0.1 to 5 nm, matching the size of the captured characteristic ions, and its thickness ranges from 0.1 to 100 μm. The ion permeation layer material is composed of at least one of the following microporous oxides, polymers, or a composite material of both. The micropore size ranges from 1 to 500 nm, suitable for separating non-characteristic ions within their size range, and its thickness ranges from 0.1 to 100 μm.

[0009] The ion adsorption layer is made of a hydrophilic thin film material, and the permeation layer is made of a hydrophobic microporous composite thin film material.

[0010] The oxides include at least one of aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, manganese oxide, titanium oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, nickel oxide, cobalt oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, and phosphorus oxide; the polymers include at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyacrylic acid resin, polyurethane, and methyl methacrylate.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, an ion-selective targeted grasping device is designed, characterized in that: the ion-selective targeted grasping device consists of at least a pair of cathode electrodes and an anode electrode, the ion-selective targeted grasping device includes a cathode electrode, an anode electrode, an electrode isolation mesh, an electronic control module, and a substrate, an electrode isolation mesh is provided between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode, the cathode electrode and the anode electrode are disposed on the substrate and are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the electronic control module through the substrate, a pair of cathode electrodes and anode electrodes form an electrode module, the substrate is installed on both sides of the electrode module to form a solution flow chamber, several electrode modules are arranged in a vertical and horizontal array to form a multi-level electrode module, one end of each level of electrode module is connected to a water inlet pipe, the other end of each level of electrode module is connected to a deionized solution outlet pipe, a mixing water pipe is connected between each level of electrode module, and a characteristic ion solution outlet pipe is connected to the mixing water pipe.

[0012] The effective voltage between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode does not exceed 1.23V and can be as low as 0.001V.

[0013] The cathode and anode electrodes can accurately capture characteristic ions in aqueous solutions, and the ion concentration range in the aqueous solution can be widened to 0.001-10000 PPM, with the preferred ion concentration range being 0.01-1000 PPM.

[0014] The deionized solution outlet pipe is equipped with a control valve, and the characteristic ion solution outlet pipe is equipped with a valve.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, this invention can precisely and selectively separate and capture specific ions from solutions for concentration, enrichment and purification. It features targeting, high speed, low energy consumption, wide range of applicable concentrations, and environmental friendliness. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a single electrode module for the ion-selective targeted grasping material of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the device structure composed of the electrode module array of the present invention.

[0018] See Figures 1 to 2 In this system, 1 is the cathode electrode, 1-1 is the cathode conductive layer, 1-2 is the cathode cation adsorption layer, 1-3 is the cathode cation permeation layer, 2 is the anode electrode, 2-1 is the anode conductive layer, 2-2 is the anode anion adsorption layer, 2-3 is the anode anion permeation layer, 3 is the electrode isolation mesh, 4 is the characteristic ion solution outlet pipe, 5 is the mixed water pipe, 6 is the deionized solution outlet pipe, 7 is the electronic control module, 8 is the substrate, 9 is the water inlet pipe, 10 is the control valve, and 11 is the valve. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the ion-selective targeted capture material consists of at least three functional thin films, which, from left to right, are a conductive layer, an ion adsorption layer, and an ion permeation layer. The functional thin film can selectively capture and separate different types and kinds of ions. A specific type of ion is adsorbed and nested within the pores of the ion adsorption layer. The functional thin film is divided into a cathode electrode 1 and an anode electrode 2. The cathode electrode 1 includes a cathode conductive layer 1-1, a cathode cation adsorption layer 1-2, and a cathode cation permeation layer 1-3. The anode electrode 2 includes an anode conductive layer 2-1, an anode anion adsorption layer 2-2, and an anode anion permeation layer 2-3. The cathode electrode 1 and anode electrode 2 can be composed of the same or different types of materials. The cathode electrode 1 can selectively capture characteristic cations, and the anode electrode 2 can selectively capture characteristic anions. The thickness and pore size of the functional thin film layers are adjusted according to the target ion. The ion adsorption layer precisely captures characteristic ions smaller than the pore size, while the ion permeation layer purposefully concentrates and removes ions that do not need to be captured in complex ion systems, exhibiting targeting and high speed.

[0021] The conductive layer material is composed of carbon and at least one of the following metals: platinum, gold, silver, tantalum, titanium, copper, zinc, aluminum, and stainless steel. Its thickness ranges from 1 to 500 μm. This film is tightly adhered to the conductive plate or conductive film-coated plate, or the conductive surface of the conductive plate or conductive film-coated plate serves as the conductive layer. The ion adsorption layer material is composed of a composite microporous adsorption material of carbon and oxides. The micropore size ranges from 0.1 to 5 nm, matching the diameter of small ions such as lithium, boron, and fluorine, and forming a high-density random distribution. Its thickness ranges from 0.1 to 100 μm. The ion permeation layer material is composed of at least one of the following microporous oxides, polymers, or a composite material of both. The micropore size ranges from 1 to 500 nm, matching the diameter of larger ions such as sodium, chloride, and magnesium, and forming a high-density random distribution. Its thickness ranges from 0.1 to 100 μm.

[0022] The ion adsorption layer is made of a hydrophilic thin film material, which is conducive to the desorption and recovery of adsorbed ions in water; the permeation layer is made of a hydrophobic microporous composite thin film material, which is conducive to the permeation of captured ions and their enrichment in the adsorption layer.

[0023] The oxides include at least one of aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, manganese oxide, titanium oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, nickel oxide, cobalt oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, and phosphorus oxide; the polymers include at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyacrylic acid resin, polyurethane, and methyl methacrylate.

[0024] The ion-selective targeting grabbing device comprises at least one pair of cathode electrodes 1 and anode electrodes 2. The device includes cathode electrode 1, anode electrode 2, electrode isolation mesh 3, electronic control module 7, and substrate 8. Electrode isolation mesh 3 is provided between cathode electrode 1 and anode electrode 2. Cathode electrode 1 and anode electrode 2 are mounted on substrate 8 and connected to the positive and negative electrodes of electronic control module 7 respectively via substrate 8. A pair of cathode electrodes 1 and anode electrodes 2 form an electrode module. Substrate 8 is mounted on both sides of the electrode module to form a solution flow chamber. Several electrode modules are arranged in a vertical and horizontal array to form a multi-stage electrode module. One end of each stage electrode module is connected to a water inlet pipe 9, and the other end is connected to a deionized solution outlet pipe 6. Each stage electrode module is connected to other stages. A mixing water pipe 5 is connected, and a characteristic ion solution outlet pipe 4 is connected to the mixing water pipe 5. The solution flows into the secondary electrode module array, is mixed through the mixing water pipe 5, and then flows into the electrode module array. After flowing through each level of the electrode module array, the ion concentration and type in the drainage water of different channels are different depending on the membrane material in the grasping device. Therefore, after being mixed through the mixing water pipe 5, they flow into the electrode module array separately. The device, which consists of an array of multiple pairs of anode and cathode electrodes, can be applied to large-scale ion grasping and concentration processes. The selected ions have low valence states and small sizes. Through the screening of the ion permeation layer and the selective embedding of the ion adsorption layer, low-concentration characteristic ions in the aqueous solution can be accurately grasped. Under the action of an electrostatic field, the anode and cathode electrodes can selectively and quickly grasp the required cations and anions for concentration and enrichment.

[0025] The effective voltage between the cathode electrode 1 and the anode electrode 2 does not exceed 1.23V and can be as low as 0.001V, which has the characteristics of low energy consumption.

[0026] The cathode electrode 1 and anode electrode 2 can accurately capture characteristic ions in aqueous solution, and the ion concentration range in aqueous solution can be widened to 0.001-10000 PPM, with the preferred ion concentration range being 0.01-1000 PPM, which has the characteristic of being adaptable to a wide concentration range.

[0027] The deionized solution outlet pipe 6 is equipped with a control valve 10, and the characteristic ion solution outlet pipe 4 is equipped with a valve 11. When the original aqueous solution is discharged, the control valve 10 is opened, and when the characteristic ion solution is discharged, the valve 11 is opened.

[0028] This invention captures characteristic ions, especially small ions with low valence states, with rapid and efficient processing. For example, for small ions with a concentration within 50 PPM, such as lithium, boron, and fluorine, 90% of the ions can be captured within 10-60 minutes. In contrast, under the same conditions, using ion adsorption materials (IER, IS) requires 6-12 hours to adsorb about 90% of the ions; while using ED (CDI, MCDI) also requires 3-6 hours to achieve a 90% separation rate, and it is accompanied by other cations, resulting in low purity.

[0029] Compared with commonly used ion adsorption materials (IER, IS) in the water treatment industry, the typical adsorption capacity of IER and IS for small ions is in the range of 3-20 mg / g. The typical adsorption capacity of the ion selective extraction (ISE) material in this invention is in the range of 5-80 mg / g, which is higher than the capacity of adsorption materials in the prior art. Example 1:

[0030] A selective capture device for small-sized lithium ions uses a 300mm*300mm square graphite paper with a thickness of 0.2mm as a substrate 8 and a cathode conductive layer 1-1. A 30μm thick composite coating of nanostructured carbon (CNT / CNF) with manganese oxide and titanium oxide is applied to the surface of the graphite paper as a lithium ion cathode cation adsorption layer 1-2, with a thickness of 16μm. A 5μm thick microporous polymer (PVDF) film with ion-permeable function is coated on the surface of the cathode cation adsorption layer 1-2 as a cathode cation permeation layer 1-3. The cathode conductive layer 1-1, cathode cation adsorption layer 1-2, and cathode cation permeation layer 1-3 constitute the cathode electrode 1 for selective ion targeting. The anode electrode 2 is made of graphite paper of the same size as the anode conductive layer 2-1, and coated with nanostructured carbon (CNT / CNF) as the anode anion adsorption layer 2-2 with a thickness of 30μm, which can adsorb anions (Cl-); the carbon (CNT / CNF) surface is coated with a microporous PVDF film with ion permeability function, and the anode anion permeable layer 2-3 with a thickness of 5μm is 2-3.

[0031] A selective lithium-ion capture unit device is composed of a cathode electrode 1, an anode electrode 2, and an electrode isolation mesh 3. The electrode isolation mesh is 0.5 mm thick and made of polypropylene. It can isolate the anode and anode to prevent short circuits while allowing the aqueous solution to flow evenly across the anode and cathode surfaces. A DC voltage of 1.2V is applied between the two electrodes.

[0032] When an aqueous solution containing lithium ions passes through the surfaces of the cathode and anode electrodes, the lithium ions, under the influence of the electric field, pass through the cathode cation permeation layer 1-3 and are adsorbed by the micropores in the cathode cation adsorption layer 1-2. Other cations are blocked and remain in the water. Anions in the aqueous solution, such as chloride ions, are adsorbed by the anode anion adsorption layer 2-2 under the influence of the electric field. When the lithium ion adsorption in the cathode cation adsorption layer 1-2 is saturated, the original aqueous solution is replaced with pure water. Pure water enters through the inlet pipe 9, and the original aqueous solution exits through the deionized solution outlet pipe 6. The circuits of the cathode electrode 1 and the anode electrode 2 are short-circuited or reversed. The adsorbed lithium ions and anions (chlorine) desorb, migrate, and diffuse into the pure water under the influence of a built-in electric field or a reverse electric field, forming a pure lithium ion (lithium chloride) aqueous solution. The lithium ion aqueous solution is then discharged through the characteristic ion solution outlet pipe 4. The concentration of lithium-ion solution obtained from a single cycle can be concentrated and enriched by 10-30 times compared to the original solution concentration. Multiple cycles can concentrate and enrich it by 100-1000 times. During multiple cycles, ions from the previous cycle desorb, migrate, and diffuse into the lithium-ion solution obtained from the next cycle for further concentration. The concentration ratio is related to the lithium-ion concentration in the original solution and the total ion concentration. For example, if the raw water (brine) has a total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration of 30,000 mg / L and a lithium-ion concentration of 0.2 mg / L, a single cycle can concentrate and enrich the lithium-ion (LiCl) concentration to 40-60 mg / L, and three cycles can achieve a concentration exceeding 100 mg / L. Conversely, if the raw water (low-grade brine) has a TDS concentration of 70,000 mg / L and a lithium-ion concentration of 30 mg / L, a single cycle can concentrate and enrich the lithium-ion (LiCl) concentration to 300-600 mg / L, and three cycles can achieve a concentration exceeding 1000 mg / L. Example 2:

[0033] A device for selectively capturing fluoride ions uses a 300mm*300mm square titanium foil with a thickness of 0.1mm as a substrate 8 and an anode conductive layer 2-1. A composite coating of nanostructured carbon (CNT / CB) with aluminum oxide and nickel oxide, with a thickness of 20μm, is applied to the surface of the anode conductive layer 2-1 as an anode anion adsorption layer 2-2 for fluoride ions. A 10μm thick microporous polymer (PTFE) film with ion-permeable function is then coated on the surface of the anode anion adsorption layer 2-2 as an anode anion permeation layer 2-3. The anode electrode 2, consisting of the anode conductive layer 2-1, the anode anion adsorption layer 2-2, and the anode anion permeation layer 2-3, is used for ion selective targeting and capture. The cathode electrode 1 is made of stainless steel with a thickness of 0.1 mm and the same size as the cathode conductive layer 1-1, and carbon nanostructure (CNT / CB) coated on the surface as the cathode cation adsorption layer 1-2 to adsorb cations (Na+) with a thickness of 30 μm. PTFE film is used as the cathode cation permeable layer 1-3 with a thickness of 10 μm.

[0034] A selective fluoride ion capture unit device is composed of cathode electrode 1, anode electrode 2, and electrode isolation mesh 3. The electrode isolation mesh 3 is 0.5 mm thick and made of polypropylene. It can isolate the anode and anode to prevent short circuit while allowing the aqueous solution to flow evenly across the anode and cathode surfaces. A DC voltage of 1.0V is applied between the two electrodes.

[0035] When an aqueous solution containing fluoride ions passes through the surfaces of the anode and cathode electrodes, the fluoride ions, under the influence of the electric field, pass through the anode anion permeation layer 2-3 and are adsorbed by the micropores in the anode anion adsorption layer 2-2. Other anions are blocked and remain in the water. Meanwhile, cations in the aqueous solution, such as sodium ions, are adsorbed by the cathode cation adsorption layer 1-2 under the influence of the electric field. When the anode anion adsorption layer 2-2 is saturated with fluoride ions, the original aqueous solution is replaced with deionized water (pure water), and the cathode and anode circuits are short-circuited or reversed. The adsorbed cations (sodium) and anions (fluoride) desorb, migrate, and diffuse into the pure water under the influence of a built-in electric field or a reverse electric field, forming a pure fluoride (sodium fluoride) aqueous solution. The concentration of the fluoride ion solution captured in one cycle can be concentrated and enriched by 10-20 times compared to the original solution concentration. Multiple cycles can concentrate and enrich it by 100-500 times. The concentration ratio is related to the concentration of fluoride ions in the original solution and the total ion concentration. If the raw water has a total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration of 5000 mg / L and a fluoride ion concentration of 2 mg / L, a single capture process can concentrate and enrich a fluoride ion (NaF) concentration in the range of 20-40 mg / L, and three cycles of concentration can achieve a concentration of over 60 mg / L. If the raw water has a TDS concentration of 10000 mg / L and a fluoride ion concentration of 10 mg / L, a single capture process can concentrate and enrich a fluoride ion (NaF) concentration in the range of 100-500 mg / L, and three cycles of concentration can achieve a concentration of over 300 mg / L. Example 3:

[0036] A device (H3BO3) for selectively capturing boron (acid) ions uses a 300mm*300mm square graphite paper with a thickness of 0.2mm as a substrate 8 and an anode conductive layer 2-1. A composite coating of nanostructured carbon (AC) and Ni(OH)2 / chitosan with a thickness of 20μm is applied to the surface of the anode conductive layer 2-1 as an anode anion adsorption layer 2-2 for boron (acid) ions. A 5μm thick microporous polymer (PTFE) film with ion-permeable function is then coated on the surface of the anode anion adsorption layer 2-2. The anode electrode 2, consisting of the anode conductive layer 2-1, the anode anion adsorption layer 2-2, and the anode anion permeable layer 2-3, is used for ion selective targeting and capture. The cathode electrode 1 is made of stainless steel foil of the same size and 0.1 mm thickness as the cathode conductive layer 1-1, carbon (AC) nanostructure coated on the surface as the cathode cation adsorption layer 1-2 with a thickness of 20 μm, and PTFE film as the ion permeable layer 1-3 with a thickness of 5 μm.

[0037] A selective boron (acid radical) ion capture unit device is composed of cathode electrode 1, anode electrode 2, and electrode isolation mesh 3. The electrode isolation mesh 3 is 0.5 mm thick and made of polypropylene. It can isolate the anode and anode to prevent short circuit while allowing the aqueous solution to flow evenly across the anode and cathode surfaces. A DC voltage of 1.0V is applied between the two electrodes.

[0038] When an aqueous solution containing boron (acid anion) ions passes through the surfaces of the anode and cathode, the boron (acid anion) ions, under the influence of the electric field, pass through the anode anion permeation layer 2-3 and are adsorbed by the micropores in the anode anion adsorption layer 2-2. Other anions are blocked and remain in the water. Cations in the aqueous solution, such as sodium ions, are adsorbed by the cathode cation adsorption layer 1-2 under the influence of the electric field. When the anode anion adsorption layer 2-2 is saturated with boron (acid anion) ions, the original aqueous solution is replaced with deionized water (pure water), and the cathode and anode circuits are short-circuited or reversed. The adsorbed cations (sodium) and anions (boron (acid anion) desorb, migrate, and diffuse into the pure water under the influence of a built-in electric field or a reverse electric field, forming a pure boron (acid anion) aqueous solution. The concentration of the boron (acid anion) solution obtained in one cycle can be concentrated and enriched by 10-20 times compared to the original solution concentration. Multiple cycles can concentrate and enrich it by 100-500 times. The concentration ratio is related to the concentration of boron (acid anion) ions in the original solution and the total ion concentration. If the raw water ion concentration (TDS) is 1000 mg / L and the boron (acid) ion concentration is 1 mg / L, a single capture process can concentrate and enrich the boron (acid) ion concentration in the range of 10-20 mg / L, and three cycles of concentration can achieve a concentration of over 30 mg / L. If the raw water ion concentration (TDS) is 2000 mg / L and the boron (acid) ion concentration is 5 mg / L, a single capture process can concentrate and enrich the boron (acid) ion (H3BO3) concentration in the range of 50-200 mg / L, and three cycles of concentration can achieve a concentration of over 150 mg / L.

[0039] When used, this invention can precisely and selectively separate and capture specific ions from the solution for concentration, enrichment, and purification. It features targeting, high speed, low energy consumption, wide range of applicable concentrations, and environmental friendliness.

Claims

1. An ion-selective, targeted, grabbing material, characterized in that: The ion selective target grabbing material is composed of a functional film with at least three layers, which are, from left to right, a conductive layer, an ion adsorption layer and an ion permeation layer. The functional film is divided into a cathode electrode (1) and an anode electrode (2). The cathode electrode (1) comprises a cathode conductive layer (1-1), a cathode cation adsorption layer (1-2) and a cathode cation permeation layer (1-3). The anode electrode (2) comprises an anode conductive layer (2-1), an anode anion adsorption layer (2-2) and an anode anion permeation layer (2-3). The cathode electrode (1) and the anode electrode (2) can be composed of the same or different types of materials. The cathode electrode (1) can selectively grab characteristic cations, and the anode electrode (2) can selectively grab characteristic anions. The thickness and pore size of the functional film layers are adjusted according to the characteristic target ions. The ion adsorption layer material is composed of a composite microporous adsorption material of carbon and oxide. The micropore size ranges from 0.1 to 5 nm, which matches the size of the grabbed characteristic ions. The thickness ranges from 0.1 to 100 μm. The ion permeation layer material is composed of a composite material of at least one or both of microporous oxide and polymer. The micropore size ranges from 1 to 500 nm, which is suitable for the size range of non-characteristic ions to be separated. The thickness ranges from 0.1 to 100 μm. The ion adsorption layer adopts a hydrophilic thin film material. The conductive layer material is composed of carbon and at least one of platinum, gold, silver, tantalum, titanium, copper, zinc, aluminum and stainless steel. The thickness ranges from 1 to 500 μm. The above-mentioned film layers are tightly attached to a conductive plate or a conductive film-coated plate, or the conductive surface of the conductive plate or the conductive film-coated plate serves as the conductive layer.

2. The ion-selective, targeted grabbing material of claim 1, wherein: The permeation layer adopts a hydrophobic microporous composite thin film material.

3. The ion-selective, targeted capture material of claim 1, wherein: The oxide includes at least one of aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, manganese oxide, titanium oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, nickel oxide, cobalt oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide and phosphorus oxide. The polymer includes at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene, polytrifluorochloroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyacrylic acid resin, polyurethane and methyl methacrylate.

4. The ion-selective, targeted capture material of claim 2, wherein: ​ 5. An ion-selective targeted grabbing device comprising the ion-selective targeted grabbing material of any one of claims 1-4, wherein: The ion selective targeted grabbing device is composed of at least a pair of cathode electrode (1) and anode electrode (2), and comprises the cathode electrode (1), the anode electrode (2), the electrode isolation net (3), the electric control module (7) and the base plate (8). The electrode isolation net (3) is arranged between the cathode electrode (1) and the anode electrode (2). The cathode electrode (1) and the anode electrode (2) are arranged on the base plate (8) and connected to the positive and negative poles of the electric control module (7) through the base plate (8). The pair of cathode electrode (1) and anode electrode (2) form an electrode module. The base plate (8) is arranged on both sides of the electrode module to form a solution flow chamber. A plurality of electrode modules are arranged in an up-down and left-right array to form a multi-stage electrode module. One end of each stage of electrode module is connected to a water inlet pipe (9). The other end of each stage of electrode module is connected to a deionized solution outlet pipe (6). The mixed water pipes (5) are connected between the electrode modules, and the characteristic ion solution outlet pipe (4) is connected to the mixed water pipes (5).

6. The ion-selective targeted grabbing device according to claim 5, wherein: The effective voltage between the cathode electrode (1) and the anode electrode (2) is not more than 1.23V, and is minimum to 0.001V.

7. The ion-selective targeted grabbing device of claim 5, wherein: The cathode electrode (1) and the anode electrode (2) can accurately grab the characteristic ions in the aqueous solution. The ion concentration in the aqueous solution ranges from 0.001 to 10000PPM.

8. The ion-selective targeted grabbing device according to claim 7, wherein: The ion concentration in the aqueous solution ranges from 0.01 to 1000PPM.

9. The ion-selective targeted grabbing device of claim 5, wherein: The deionized solution outlet pipe (6) is provided with a control valve (10), and the characteristic ion solution outlet pipe (4) is provided with a valve (11).

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