A crushing device for recycling new energy vehicle batteries

Abstract

This invention discloses a crushing device for recycling new energy vehicle batteries, relating to the field of battery recycling technology. The device includes a crushing frame; a filter screen is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the crushing frame, and a hammer component is provided on the inner wall of the filter screen. The hammer component cooperates with a crank. The hammer component includes a hammer head and a screen that are fixedly connected to each other. The hammer head and the filter screen are fixedly connected, with the top of the hammer head open and fixed to the screen. A discharge rod communicating with the inside of the hammer head is fixedly connected to the filter screen. An elastic element is provided inside the hammer head. The crank continuously drives the battery to collide with the hammer head. The screen screen separates small battery fragments and allows larger battery fragments to fall onto the filter screen for further crushing. The electrolyte generated after battery crushing flows through the filter screen onto the inclined surface of a guide plate. This invention solves the technical problem that the crushing of new energy power batteries is limited to the recycling of materials such as metals and plastics, resulting in low electrolyte recycling efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of batteries and relates to recycling technology, specifically a crushing device for recycling new energy vehicle batteries. Background Technology

[0002] New energy power batteries are key components for the efficient operation of new energy vehicles or energy storage devices. Their main characteristics include high energy density, high power density, long lifespan, and safety and stability. New energy power batteries have higher energy conversion efficiency, can store more energy, and can provide higher power output. With the rapid development of the new energy industry, the use of new energy batteries is increasing daily. To protect the environment, used batteries need to be centrally recycled and processed.

[0003] In existing technologies, used batteries cannot be reused. They are typically processed using crushing devices to separate the battery casing, electrode materials, and separators for reuse in the production of new batteries. For example, the waste new energy vehicle lithium battery recycling equipment with a secondary crushing system, as provided in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN212632943U, achieves secondary crushing through a crusher and auger blades. It also recovers magnetic metal materials through a chain, drive sprocket, driven sprocket, and magnetic plate. Furthermore, it achieves vibratory discharge by repeatedly changing the discharge angle using incomplete gears, a drive shaft, a ring rack, a top head, a discharge plate, and a hinge. However, existing technologies still have the following problems:

[0004] When new energy batteries are crushed, electrolyte remains. Electrolyte is usually a liquid substance containing organic solvents, salts, and additives. The organic solvents and salts in the electrolyte usually have certain value. However, the crushing of new energy power batteries is limited to the recycling of materials such as metals and plastics, resulting in low efficiency in electrolyte recycling and waste. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a crushing device for recycling new energy vehicle batteries, which solves the problem that the crushing of new energy power batteries is limited to the recycling of materials such as metals and plastics, and the recycling efficiency of electrolyte is low.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a crushing device for recycling new energy vehicle batteries, including a crushing frame. The crushing frame is hollow inside, with a feed inlet at the top and a discharge outlet at the bottom. A drive shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing frame, and multiple cranks are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the drive shaft. A filter screen is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the crushing frame, and a hammer component is provided on the inner wall of the filter screen. The hammer component cooperates with the cranks. The components are inclined to the horizontal plane; the hammer body component includes a hammer head and a screen that are fixedly connected to each other. The hammer head and the screen are fixed to each other. The top of the hammer head is open and fixed to the screen. A discharge rod that communicates with the inside of the hammer head is fixedly connected to the screen. An elastic element is provided inside the hammer head. The top of the elastic element is in close contact with the screen. A liquid guiding groove is provided on the inner arc surface of the screen and at the periphery of one end of the discharge rod. A liquid outlet hole corresponding to the end of the liquid guiding groove is provided on the hammer head.

[0007] Preferably, the elastic element includes two external protrusions, an elastic sheet fixedly connected between the two external protrusions, and an inner pusher fixedly connected to the external protrusions facing each other at one end. The two external protrusions are respectively engaged in the two sides of the hammer head, and the ends of the two external protrusions that are far apart from each other extend out of the hammer head.

[0008] Preferably, a feed inlet baffle is provided inside the feed inlet.

[0009] Preferably, a side plate is provided on one side of the crusher frame, a drive motor is fixedly installed on the side plate, a main pulley is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor, a driven pulley is fixedly installed at the outward end of the drive shaft, and a belt is sleeved between the main pulley and the driven pulley.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the filter screen facing the hammer body is a filter section for filtering electrolyte and battery fragments, and the other end of the filter screen is an arc plate for accommodating waste batteries.

[0011] Preferably, multiple uniform grooves are formed on both sides of the outer protrusion.

[0012] Preferably, a guide component is provided on the inner side wall of the crusher frame and at the filter screen.

[0013] Preferably, the guiding component includes a liquid guiding plate, a support plate, and a plate fixedly connected to each other. The liquid guiding plate and the support plate form an arc shape and are fixedly connected to the inner sidewall of the crusher frame.

[0014] Preferably, the discharge rod passes through the liquid guide plate, the plate is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the crusher frame, and is in close contact with the arc-shaped part of the filter screen.

[0015] Preferably, the outer wall of the pulverizer frame is provided with a liquid outlet pipe that communicates with the liquid guide plate.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] By incorporating a crank, filter screen, hammers, and sieve, the crank continuously drives the battery to collide with the hammers, causing the battery to break into small fragments. These fragments are then moved from the bottom of the filter screen to the sieve, where they are sieved. Larger fragments fall back into the filter screen for further crushing, promoting the outflow of electrolyte from the larger fragments. The electrolyte produced after the battery is crushed flows through the filter screen onto the inclined surface of the liquid guide plate for subsequent recycling, thus improving the electrolyte recovery rate from the battery.

[0018] By incorporating elastic components, including mutually fixed external protrusions, elastic sheets, and internal deflectors, when the crank and hammer interlock, the crank presses down on the external protrusions extending from the hammer, and the elastic sheet lifts the screen, causing large battery fragments on the screen to fall onto the filter screen, reducing accumulation. The internal deflectors guide small battery fragments inside the hammer, while the two opposing internal deflectors squeeze the small battery fragments, promoting the outflow of electrolyte from the small batteries. The outflowing electrolyte flows through the liquid guide groove and outlet hole onto the inclined surface of the liquid guide plate, further improving the electrolyte recovery rate. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the prior art and embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the pulverizing device for recycling new energy vehicle batteries according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the crusher frame of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the filter screen and hammer body components of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the elastic element of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6This is a structural diagram of the filter and guide component of the present invention.

[0026] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Crusher frame; 2. Discharge port; 3. Liquid outlet pipe; 4. Feed inlet; 5. Side plate; 6. Drive motor; 7. Main pulley; 8. Belt; 9. Driven pulley; 10. Feed inlet baffle; 11. Drive shaft; 12. Crank; 13. Filter screen; 14. Hammer assembly; 15. Hammer head; 16. Discharge rod; 17. Liquid guide groove; 18. Liquid outlet hole; 19. Elastic element; 20. Screen; 21. Outer protrusion; 22. Elastic sheet; 23. Inner lever; 24. Liquid guide plate; 25. Support plate; 26. Adhesive plate; 27. Guide component. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] Please refer to the details. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a crushing device for recycling new energy vehicle batteries includes a crushing frame 1, which is hollow inside. A feed inlet 4 is located at the top of the crushing frame 1, and a feed baffle 10 is installed inside the feed inlet 4. A discharge outlet 2 is located at the bottom of the crushing frame 1. A drive shaft 11 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing frame 1, and multiple cranks 12 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the drive shaft 11. A filter screen 13 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the crushing frame 1. New energy power batteries are placed into the crushing frame 1 through the feed inlet 4. The rotation of the drive shaft 11 drives the cranks 12 to rotate, and the rotation of the cranks 12 crushes the batteries falling into the crushing frame 1. A hammer component 14 is provided on the inner wall of the filter screen 13. The hammer component 14 cooperates with the cranks 12, and the hammer component 14 interacts with water. The crusher is inclined in plan. When the crank 12 drives the battery to collide with the hammer part 14, it causes the battery to be crushed. The feed port baffle 10 prevents the broken battery fragments inside the crusher frame 1 from splashing outward. At the same time, the electrolyte inside the battery flows down through the filter screen 13, while the crushed battery material remains on the filter screen 13. A side plate 5 is provided on one side of the crusher frame 1. A drive motor 6 is fixedly installed on the side plate 5. The output end of the drive motor 6 is fixedly connected to the main pulley 7. A driven pulley 9 is fixedly installed on the outward end of the drive shaft 11. A belt 8 is sleeved between the main pulley 7 and the driven pulley 9. When the drive motor 6 starts, the drive motor 6 drives the drive shaft 11 to rotate through the main pulley 7, the belt 8 and the driven pulley 9. The drive shaft 11 then drives the crank 12 to crush the battery.

[0029] As one implementation method in this embodiment, such as Figures 2-4 As shown, the hammer body component 14 includes a hammer head 15 and a screen 20 fixedly connected to each other. The hammer head 15 and the screen 13 are fixed to each other. The crank 12 and the hammer head 15 are interlocked. The crank 12 drives the battery to collide with the hammer head 15, thereby causing the battery to break. The top of the hammer head 15 is open and the screen 20 is fixedly installed. The screen 20 is used to screen the broken battery. Small battery fragments can enter the hammer head 15 through the screen 20, while large battery fragments are blocked by the screen 20. Since both the hammer head 15 and the screen 20 are inclined, the large battery fragments that are blocked fall onto the screen 13 due to the inclination, waiting for further crushing. This refines the large battery fragments, making them easier to process later. It also promotes the outflow of electrolyte from the large battery fragments, increasing the electrolyte recovery rate. The end of the screen 13 facing the hammer body component 14 is a filtration section, which filters the electrolyte and battery. The filter screen 13 has an arc plate at one end, which does not separate electrolyte and battery fragments but is only used to hold waste batteries. A discharge rod 16, which communicates with the inside of the hammer head 15, is fixedly connected to the filter screen 13. When battery fragments pass through the screen 20, the battery fragments in the hammer head 15 gradually fall into the discharge rod 16. Finally, the small battery fragments are discharged through the discharge rod 16. A liquid guiding groove 17 is opened on the inner arc surface of the filter screen 13 and at the periphery of one end of the discharge rod 16. The liquid guiding groove 17 is used to guide the electrolyte on the small battery fragments that fall into the hammer head 15. The hammer head 15 has a liquid outlet hole 18 corresponding to the end of the liquid guiding groove 17. When the electrolyte in the liquid guiding groove 17 flows along the arc surface toward the end, the electrolyte flows out through the liquid outlet hole 18 to the filtration section of the filter screen 13, and the electrolyte of the small battery fragments in the hammer head 15 is recycled again, improving the electrolyte collection effect.

[0030] As one implementation method in this embodiment, such as Figures 3-5As shown, an elastic element 19 is provided inside the hammer head 15. The top of the elastic element 19 is in close contact with the screen 20. The elastic element 19 includes two outer protrusions 21, an elastic sheet 22 fixedly connected between the two outer protrusions 21, and an inner pusher block 23 fixedly connected to the outer protrusions 21 facing one end. Multiple uniform grooves are opened on both sides of the outer protrusions 21 to increase the vibration effect of the outer protrusions 21. The two outer protrusions 21 are respectively inserted into the two sides of the hammer head 15, and the ends of the two outer protrusions 21 that are far apart from each other extend out of the hammer head 15. When the drive shaft 11 drives the crank 12 to rotate, the crank 12 and the hammer head 15... When the crank 12 and the inner push block 23 intersect, the crank 12 presses down on the protruding blocks 21 of the hammer head 15, causing the protruding blocks 21 on both sides of the hammer head 15 to move towards the center. At this time, the elastic sheet 22 is bent under pressure, and the inner push block 23 also moves towards the center of the hammer head 15. After the elastic sheet 22 is bent under pressure, the elastic sheet 22 faces upward and acts as a pusher against the screen 20, causing large battery fragments on the screen 20 to fall onto the filter screen 13, preventing large battery fragments from accumulating on the screen 20 and affecting the crushing and discharge effect. At the same time, the inclined setting of the screen 20 further promotes the falling of large batteries. 3. Moving towards the center of the hammer head 15, it serves to guide small battery fragments within the hammer head 15, preventing blockage. The inner pusher block 23 also pushes the small battery fragments stuck in the liquid guide groove 17. Due to the tilted setting of the hammer head 15, the pushed and guided small battery fragments gradually fall out through the discharge rod 16. At the same time, the two opposing inner pusher blocks 23 squeeze the small battery fragments, promoting the outflow of electrolyte from the small batteries and improving the electrolyte recovery rate. Due to the impact of the batteries, the hammer head 15 will cause the elastic element 19 to vibrate intermittently, further... The crank 12 guides the battery fragments inside the hammer 15. When the crank 12 stops pressing the outer protrusion 21, the elastic plate 22 uses its own elasticity to make the outer protrusion 21 continue to reset, so that the entire outer protrusion 21, inner push block 23 and elastic plate 22 return to the initial position. After the crank 12 passes the hammer 15, the crank 12 pushes the battery fragments onto the screen 20. The screen 20 screens the small battery fragments. The screened small battery fragments are discharged through the discharge rod 16, thereby separating the battery fragments and electrolyte from each other, and further refining the battery fragments for subsequent processing.

[0031] As one implementation method in this embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 6As shown, a guide component 27 is provided on the inner side wall of the crusher frame 1 and at the filter screen 13. The guide component 27 includes a liquid guide plate 24, a support plate 25 and a plate 26 that are fixedly connected to each other. The liquid guide plate 24 and the support plate 25 form an arc shape and are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the crusher frame 1. The discharge rod 16 passes through the liquid guide plate 24. The plate 26 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the crusher frame 1 and is in close contact with the arc-shaped part of the filter screen 13 to increase the stability of the entire filter screen 13. A liquid outlet pipe 3 is provided on the outer side wall of the crusher frame 1 and communicates with the liquid guide plate 24. The liquid outlet pipe 3 is used to discharge the electrolyte flowing onto the liquid guide plate 24.

[0032] The working principle of this invention is as follows: During use, the operator adds used new energy power batteries into the feed inlet 4. The batteries fall onto the filter screen 13. The drive motor 6 is then started. The drive motor 6 drives the drive shaft 11 to rotate via the main pulley 7, belt 8, and driven pulley 9. The drive shaft 11 then drives the crank 12 to crush the batteries. The crank 12 continuously causes the batteries to collide with the hammer head 15, causing them to form small fragments. Simultaneously, the crank 12 moves the broken battery fragments at the bottom of the filter screen 13 and presses the protruding protrusions 21 extending from the hammer head 15, causing the protrusions 21 on both sides of the hammer head 15 to move towards the center. The elastic sheet 22 is bent under pressure, and the inner prying block 23... The elastic sheet 22 also moves towards the center of the hammer 15. After being pressed and bent, the elastic sheet 22 acts upward to push against the screen 20, causing large battery fragments on the screen 20 to fall onto the filter screen 13, thus preventing large battery fragments from accumulating on the screen 20. The inner pusher block 23 guides the small battery fragments inside the hammer 15, causing the battery fragments after being screened by the screen 20 to be discharged through the discharge rod 16. The staff only needs to collect the crushed battery fragments at the discharge port 2. The electrolyte filtered by the filter screen 13 gradually flows out from the discharge pipe 3 along the inclined surface of the guide plate 24, thus achieving the separation of electrolyte and battery fragments and increasing the electrolyte recovery rate.

[0033] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A crushing device for recycling new energy automobile batteries, characterized in that, Include: The pulverizer frame (1), the inside of the pulverizer frame (1) is hollow, the top end of the pulverizer frame (1) is provided with a feeding port (4), the bottom end of the pulverizer frame (1) is provided with a discharge port (2), the inner side wall of the pulverizer frame (1) is rotatably connected with a drive shaft (11), the outer side wall of the drive shaft (11) is fixedly connected with a plurality of cranks (12), the inner side wall of the pulverizer frame (1) is fixedly connected with a filter screen (13), the inner side wall of the filter screen (13) is provided with a hammer body component (14), the hammer body component (14) is matched with the crank (12), the hammer body component (14) is arranged obliquely with the horizontal plane; The hammer body component (14) includes a hammer head (15) and a screening mesh (20) fixedly connected with each other, the hammer head (15) is fixedly connected with the filter screen (13), the top end of the hammer head (15) is open and fixedly connected with the screening mesh (20), the filter screen (13) is fixedly connected with a discharge rod (16) communicated with the hammer head (15), the hammer head (15) is provided with an elastic element (19), the top end of the elastic element (19) is tightly attached to the screening mesh (20), the inner arc surface of the filter screen (13) and located at the periphery of one end of the discharge rod (16) is provided with a liquid guide groove (17), the hammer head (15) is provided with a liquid outlet hole (18) corresponding to the end of the liquid guide groove (17); The elastic element (19) includes two outer lugs (21), an elastic sheet (22) fixedly connected between the two outer lugs (21), and an inner lug (23) fixedly connected to the ends of the outer lugs (21) facing each other, the two outer lugs (21) are respectively clamped into the two sides of the hammer head (15), and the ends of the two outer lugs (21) away from each other extend out of the hammer head (15); The inner side wall of the pulverizer frame (1) and located at the filter screen (13) is provided with a guide component (27); The guide component (27) includes a liquid guide plate (24), a support plate (25) and a pad (26) fixedly connected with each other, the liquid guide plate (24) and the support plate (25) form an arc shape and are fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the pulverizer frame (1); The discharge rod (16) penetrates the liquid guide plate (24), the pad (26) is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the pulverizer frame (1) and tightly attached to the arc-shaped part of the filter screen (13).

2. The new energy vehicle battery recycling crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding port (4) is provided with a port baffle (10).

3. The new energy vehicle battery recycling crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, One side of the pulverizer frame (1) is provided with a side plate (5), the side plate (5) is fixedly installed with a driving motor (6), the output end of the driving motor (6) is fixedly connected with a main pulley (7), the outward end of the drive shaft (11) is fixedly installed with a driven pulley (9), the main pulley (7) and the driven pulley (9) are sleeved with a belt (8).

4. The new energy vehicle battery recycling crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the filter screen (13) facing the hammer body component (14) is a filter section for filtering electrolyte and battery fragments, the other end of the filter screen (13) is an arc plate for accommodating waste batteries.

5. The new energy vehicle battery recycling crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of uniform grooves are formed on both sides of the outer protruding block (21).

6. The new energy automobile battery recycling crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side wall of the pulverizer frame (1) is provided with a liquid outlet pipe (3) in communication with the liquid guide plate (24).

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