A sewage treatment system and method using plant fruit shells as biological carriers

Abstract

The invention discloses a plant fruit shell biological carrier sewage treatment system and method, belonging to the technical field of sewage treatment. The system includes a new material biofilm pool, a treatment reaction pool, a return material biofilm pool, a sifter, a return material device, a water supply pipe and an air supply pipe. A spray device is fixed above the screen of the sifter, and a receiving bucket is provided below. The return material device includes a conveyor and a return material trough, and the end of the return material trough is connected to the return material chute, and the direction of the film carrier is controlled by a rotating gate. After the plant fruit shell is attached to the biofilm in the new material biofilm pool, the sewage treatment is carried out in the treatment reactor, and the effective plant fruit shell separated by the sifter is biofilmed again in the return material biofilm pool through the return material device, and circulated back to the reaction pool for sewage treatment. The present invention solves the problem that the plant fruit shell carrier that has lost its function cannot be separated and removed in time, and the biological carrier cannot be quickly circulated to form a biofilm, and realizes the goal of recycling plant fruit shells as carriers and resources in sewage treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and more specifically, to a sewage treatment system and method using plant fruit shell biological carriers. Background Art

[0002] Biological carriers (referred to as carriers, also known as packing materials) are used as the attachment medium for sessile activated sludge microorganisms and are widely used in biological membrane sewage treatment. Microorganisms in the biological membrane use their own metabolic functions to decompose organic pollutants in sewage and purify the sewage. Biological carriers are the key in biological membrane methods, and their materials, specific surface area, porosity, surface chemical composition, etc. affect the formation, structure, and sewage purification effect of the biological membrane.

[0003] Currently, in water treatment, common carriers can be divided into two categories: inorganic carriers and organic carriers according to their materials. Inorganic carriers include ceramsite, zeolite, activated carbon, etc., which have a large specific surface area and a large amount of attached microorganisms, but are prone to wear and have a high cost; organic carriers are made of polymer materials such as polyolefin, and there are suspended spherical and columnar packing materials, as well as hanging soft, semi-soft, and combined packing materials. They have poor biocompatibility, difficult biofilm attachment, high production costs, and the used waste carriers are difficult to degrade and are prone to secondary pollution. In order to reduce the huge resource consumption in the production of carriers, reduce production costs, achieve easier biofilm attachment, and reduce secondary pollution, biological carriers with wide sources, low costs, and degradability are needed.

[0004] Plant fruit shells are hard, have large surface voids, good biocompatibility, and are rich in sources, making them a promising biological carrier. However, during use, some plant fruit shell biological carriers will gradually become soft and deformed, and even break, losing their function of attaching biofilms, and need to be separated and removed in time, otherwise it will affect the normal function of the sewage treatment system. Therefore, a sewage treatment reactor system suitable for using plant fruit shell biological carriers is needed.

[0005] After retrieval, technologies related to carrier reactors have been publicly patented. For example, Chinese Patent Publication No.: CN112047489A discloses a microbial sewage treatment packing carrier and working method based on the biological membrane method. By setting the packing in the biological filter to be immersed in sewage, the continuous sewage purification treatment is ensured, but this technology is only applicable to biological filters with stacked carriers and cannot perform rapid replacement of the packing.

[0006] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN 101514051A discloses a self-demembraning biological carrier internal circulation filtration technology and its device. This application case consists of a biological filter reactor, a carrier lifting pipe combination, and a sewage inlet unit. The carrier lifting pipe combination is located in the middle of the biological filter reactor, and the carrier lifting pipe is arranged inside the sewage inlet unit. This application case enables the biological carrier to circulate within the reaction device, removing the aged biological membrane during the circulation process, ensuring the activity of the biological membrane, and avoiding the clogging of the filter layer by the aged biological membrane. However, on the one hand, the integrated and miniaturized design of this application case leads to a relatively complex structural design. On the other hand, it does not achieve the removal of the biological carrier that has lost its function. Therefore, there are limitations in its application.

[0007] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, there is a need in the art for a sewage treatment reactor and system that can adapt to the use, separation, and recycling of plant fruit shell carriers for re-film hanging, providing technical support for the resource utilization of plant fruit shell waste and the carrierization of sewage treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0008] 1. Technical problems to be solved by the invention

[0009] In the prior art, there are problems that existing sewage treatment reactors cannot timely separate and remove plant fruit shell biological carriers that have lost their functions, and the biological carriers cannot be recycled and quickly film-hung. The existence of these problems makes it impossible to truly use plant fruit shells as biological carriers in actual projects. To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a sewage treatment system and method for plant fruit shell biological carriers, achieving the goal of carrierization and resource utilization of plant fruit shells in sewage treatment.

[0010] 2. Technical solutions

[0011] To achieve the above object, the technical solutions provided by the present invention are as follows:

[0012] A sewage treatment system for plant fruit shell biological carriers of the present invention includes a water supply and gas supply pipe, and further includes a new material film-hanging pool, a treatment reaction pool, a return material film-hanging pool, a screening device, and a return material device; the water supply and gas supply pipe are respectively connected to the new material film-hanging pool, the treatment reaction pool, and the return material film-hanging pool. The new material film-hanging pool and the return material film-hanging pool are both communicated with the treatment reaction pool. The treatment reaction pool is connected to the screening device, and the screening device is connected to the return material device; the return material device can selectively transport the biological carrier to the new material film-hanging pool or the return material film-hanging pool.

[0013] Furthermore, the treatment reaction pool is of a circular structure, and a plurality of groups of second aeration ring pipes are arranged concentrically and evenly spaced inside the treatment reaction pool.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of groups of first aeration ring pipes are arranged at the bottom of the new material film-hanging pool, and a feeding port is arranged on the side of the new material film-hanging pool; the new material film-hanging pool is provided with a first outlet, and the first outlet communicates with the treatment reaction pool.

[0015] Furthermore, a third aeration header pipe is arranged at the bottom of the return material film forming tank; the return material film forming tank is provided with a third outlet which is communicated with the treatment reaction tank.

[0016] Furthermore, the volume of the fresh material film forming tank is 1 / 5 of that of the treatment reaction tank, and the volume of the return material film forming tank 3 is 1 / 20 of that of the treatment reaction tank.

[0017] Furthermore, the screening device includes a screen, a receiving hopper and a spraying device. The spraying device is arranged above the screen, and the receiving hopper is arranged below the screen. The aperture of the screen is larger than the particle size of the damaged plant fruit shells.

[0018] Furthermore, the return device includes a conveyor and a return chute. The driving wheel of the conveyor drives the conveyor belt to rotate. A scraper is arranged on the conveyor belt. The inlet of the return chute is connected to the screen, and a rotary gate is arranged at the outlet end of the return chute. The rotary gate controls the biological carrier to enter the fresh material film forming tank through the first inlet or enter the return material film forming tank through the second inlet.

[0019] Furthermore, the water supply and air supply pipe includes a sewage pipe and an air pipe. The sewage pipe is respectively connected to the fresh material film forming tank, the treatment reaction tank and the return material film forming tank, and the air pipe is connected to the first aeration header pipe, the second aeration header pipe and the third aeration header pipe.

[0020] A method for treating sewage by using the system of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0021] S1: Sewage enters the fresh material film forming tank, and the biological carrier is added into the fresh material film forming tank from the feeding port; the first aeration header pipe performs aeration, and a mature biological film is formed on the surface of the biological carrier to become an attached film carrier, and enters the treatment reaction tank from the first outlet under the action of water flow; the second aeration header pipe performs aeration, and the biological film absorbs and decomposes pollutants in the sewage;

[0022] S2: The sewage and the attached film carrier after being treated in the treatment reaction tank move to the screen under the action of water flow, and the sewage enters the receiving hopper through the mesh holes of the screen; under the scouring of the spraying device, the broken carriers with particle sizes smaller than the aperture of the screening mesh and the biologically aged and peeled-off films fall into the lower receiving hopper and are discharged through the discharge pipe at the bottom;

[0023] S3: The motor drives the driving wheel to drive the conveyor belt to move, and the scraper on the conveyor belt takes the attached film carriers without damage and with particle sizes larger than the aperture of the screening mesh to the return chute and transports them to the outlet of the return chute;

[0024] S4: When most of the biological films on the attached film carriers are intact, the rotary gate is rotated to block the first inlet leading to the fresh material film forming tank, and the attached film carriers enter the return material film forming tank; the process conditions are adjusted, and the demembraned biological carriers complete secondary film formation;

[0025] S5: When most of the biofilm on the membrane-attached carrier falls off, rotate the rotary gate plate to block the second inlet leading to the return material biofilm attachment tank, and the membrane-attached carrier enters the new material biofilm attachment tank to form a biofilm together with the newly added biological carrier.

[0026] S6: When the biofilm on the biological carriers returned to the new material biofilm attachment tank and the return material biofilm attachment tank resumes growth to the mature state, it enters the treatment reaction tank again for sewage treatment; and operates in such a cycle.

[0027] 3. Beneficial effects

[0028] Adopting the technical solution provided by the present invention, compared with the existing well-known technologies, it has the following remarkable effects:

[0029] (1) The plant fruit shell biological carrier sewage treatment system of the present invention can timely separate the broken biological carrier that has lost the biofilm attachment function from the treatment reaction tank, avoiding the influence of the damaged inefficient or ineffective carrier on the biofilm attachment and sewage treatment functions, making the system operate stably and significantly improving the sewage treatment effect.

[0030] (2) The plant fruit shell biological carrier sewage treatment system of the present invention separates the two processes of carrier biofilm formation and sewage treatment, better completes biofilm formation, and improves the quality of the biofilm; at the same time, different biofilm formation operations can be carried out under different conditions in different biofilm attachment tanks according to the biofilm situation on the biological carrier, with high operation flexibility and accuracy.

[0031] (3) The plant fruit shell biological carrier sewage treatment system of the present invention realizes the goal of biological carrier utilization of plant fruit shells in sewage treatment. The plant fruit shells can be recycled for biofilm formation, maximizing the utilization value of plant fruit shells. Plant fruit shells are widely sourced and inexpensive, replacing expensive chemical product biological carriers, which can greatly reduce the sewage treatment cost. Brief description of the drawings

[0032] Figure 1 is a top view structural schematic diagram of the plant fruit shell biological carrier sewage treatment system of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the screening device and the return device in the present invention.

[0034] Explanation of the reference numerals in the schematic diagram:

[0035] 1. New material film - forming tank; 11. First aeration ring pipe; 12. First inlet; 13. First outlet; 14. Feeding port; 2. Treatment reaction tank; 21. Second aeration ring pipe; 22. Second outlet; 3. Return material film - forming tank; 31. Third aeration ring pipe; 32. Second inlet; 33. Third outlet; 4. Sieve; 41. Sieve mesh; 42. Receiving hopper; 43. Spraying device; 5. Return feeder; 51. Conveyor belt; 52. Conveyor wheel; 53. Scraper; 54. Return chute; 55. Rotating gate; 56. Return material chute; 6. Biological carrier; 7. Sewage pipe; 71. First inlet valve; 72. Second inlet valve; 73. Third inlet valve; 8. Air pipe. Detailed implementation mode

[0036] To further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "bottom", "central position", "inlet", "left end", "right end", "above", "below", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] Combined with Figure 1 , a sewage treatment system with a biological carrier made of plant fruit shells in this embodiment includes a new material film - forming tank 1, a treatment reaction tank 2, a return material film - forming tank 3, a sieve 4, a return feeder 5, and a water supply and air supply pipe.

[0041] The new material film - forming tank 1 has a cubic structure, and its volume is 1 / 5 of that of the treatment reaction tank 2. Multiple groups of annular first aeration ring pipes 11 are arranged at the bottom of the new material film - forming tank 1, and a feeding port 14 is provided beside the tank. The new material film - forming tank 1 is provided with a first outlet 13, and this first outlet 13 communicates with the treatment reaction tank 2.

[0042] The treatment reaction tank 2 has a circular structure, and multiple groups of concentrically arranged and evenly spaced second aeration ring pipes 21 are arranged at its bottom. The treatment reaction tank 2 communicates with the new material film - forming tank 1 and the return material film - forming tank 3. The treatment reaction tank 2 is provided with a second outlet 22, and the second outlet 22 is connected to the sieve 4.

[0043] The return material film - forming tank 3 has a cubic structure, and its volume is 1 / 20 of that of the treatment reaction tank 2. A third aeration ring pipe 31 is arranged at the bottom of the return material film - forming tank 3, and the return material film - forming tank 3 is connected to the treatment reaction tank 2 through a third outlet 33.

[0044] The water supply and gas supply pipe includes a sewage pipe 7 and an air pipe 8. The sewage pipe 7 is respectively connected to the new material film-forming tank 1, the treatment reaction tank 2 and the recycled material film-forming tank 3. A first inlet valve 71 is provided on the sewage pipe 7 connecting the new material film-forming tank 1, a second inlet valve 72 is provided on the sewage pipe 7 connecting the treatment reaction tank 2, and a third inlet valve 73 is provided on the sewage pipe 7 connecting the recycled material film-forming tank 3. The inflow time and flow rate of sewage are controlled by the first inlet valve 71, the second inlet valve 72 and the third inlet valve 73. The air pipe 8 is respectively connected to the first aeration ring pipe 11, the second aeration ring pipe 21 and the third aeration ring pipe 31.

[0045] As Figure 2 shown, the middle of the sieve 4 is a sieve mesh 41 with a pore diameter (5 mm) larger than the particle size of the damaged plant fruit shells. A receiving hopper 42 is provided below, and the receiving hopper 42 is in an inverted conical structure, and one side thereof is connected to a discharge pipe. The inlet of the sieve 4 is connected to the second outlet 22 of the treatment reaction tank 2, and the outlet is connected to the recycler 5. A spraying device 43 is fixed directly above the sieve mesh 41. In this embodiment, the spraying device 43 uses a high-pressure water gun.

[0046] The recycler is composed of a conveyor and a recycling chute 54. The conveyor belt 51 of the conveyor tightly surrounds the transmission wheel 52, and the conveyor belt is driven by a motor. A scraper 53 is provided on the conveyor belt 51. The inlet of the recycling chute 54 is connected to the sieve mesh 41. The conveyor and the recycling chute 54 are inclined upward, and the outlet of the recycling chute 54 is a recycling chute 56 inclined downward. The biological carrier 6 enters the new material film-forming tank 1 through the first inlet 12 or enters the recycled material film-forming tank 3 through the second inlet 32 under the control of the rotating gate 55.

[0047] The specific operation process of the system in this embodiment is as follows: Using walnut shells as the plant fruit shell carrier to film and treat the domestic sewage of a sewage treatment plant, which specifically includes the following operation steps:

[0048] S1: Open the second inlet valve 72, and sewage enters the new material film-forming tank 1. The walnut shell carrier is added to the new material film-forming tank 1 from the feeding port 14. The first aeration ring pipe 11 performs aeration. Microorganisms absorb nutrients from the sewage, and a mature biofilm is formed on the surface to become the film-attached walnut shells, which enter the treatment reaction tank 2 from the first outlet 13 under the action of water flow. The second aeration ring pipe 21 performs aeration, and the biofilm absorbs and decomposes pollutants in the sewage.

[0049] S2: The mixture of sewage and film-attached walnut shells treated by the treatment reaction tank 2 moves to the sieve mesh 41 under the drive of water flow. Under the scouring of the spraying device 43, a small amount of broken walnut shells with a particle size smaller than the pore diameter of the sieve mesh (5 mm) and the aged and peeled biofilm fall into the lower receiving hopper 42 and are discharged through the bottom discharge pipe to complete the sewage treatment.

[0050] S3: The motor drives the conveyor pulley 52 to drive the conveyor belt 51 to move. The scraper 53 on the conveyor belt 51 brings the non-damaged film-attached walnut shells with a particle size larger than the aperture of the screening mesh (5 mm) from the sieve 41 into the return chute 54. At the end of the return chute 54, the film-attached walnut shells roll into the return chute 56.

[0051] S4: The surface of the walnut shell is rough and porous, and its texture is hard, which can provide a stable attachment and proliferation place for microorganisms for a long time (more than 2 years), and the amount of biofilm is stable. Under the hydraulic impact of the spraying device 43 of the screening device, the biofilm structure on more than 70% of the walnut shell carriers is relatively complete. The rotating gate 55 blocks the outlet of the return chute 56 leading to the new material film-forming pool 1. The film-attached walnut shells roll into the return film-forming pool 3 through the second inlet 32. By adjusting the process conditions, the third aeration ring pipe 31 performs aeration, and the film-stripped walnut shells perform secondary film formation.

[0052] S5: When the biofilm on the walnut shells returning to the return film-forming pool 3 grows back to the mature state, it re-enters the treatment reaction pool 2 through the third outlet 33 for sewage treatment. This process repeats in a cycle.

[0053] Embodiment 2

[0054] For a sewage treatment system with plant fruit shell biological carriers in this embodiment, the basic structure of the reactor and the operation steps are basically the same as those in Embodiment 1. The difference lies in that: in this embodiment, peanut shells are used as the plant fruit shell carriers. Due to the relatively weak mechanical strength of the peanut shell carriers, they are prone to corruption, collapse and breakage. After using for half a year, more than 40% of the peanut shells are broken to varying degrees.

[0055] In step S2, under the hydraulic impact of the spraying device 43 of the screening device, about 20% of the broken peanut shells (with a particle size less than 5 mm) and the detached biofilm flow into the receiving hopper 42 through the mesh holes of the sieve 41.

[0056] In step S4, more than 70% of the biofilm on the peanut shells has fallen off. The rotating gate 55 blocks the second inlet 32 leading to the return film-forming pool 3. The film-attached peanut shells automatically roll from the return chute 56 into the new material film-forming pool 1 through the first inlet 12, and together with the newly added peanut shells, they perform film formation under the aeration of the first aeration ring pipe 11.

[0057] The above schematically describes the present invention and its embodiments. This description is not restrictive. What is shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if those of ordinary skill in the art are inspired by it and design similar structural forms and embodiments to this technical solution without creative efforts without departing from the purpose of the present invention, they shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sewage treatment method using a plant fruit shell biological carrier, which uses a sewage treatment system with a plant fruit shell biological carrier for sewage treatment, and is characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: Sewage enters the new media film-forming tank (1), and the biological carrier (6) is added into the new media film-forming tank (1) from the feeding port (14); the first aeration loop pipe (11) conducts aeration, and a mature biofilm is formed on the surface of the biological carrier, becoming a film-attached carrier, and enters the treatment reaction tank (2) from the first outlet (13) under the action of water flow; the second aeration loop pipe (21) conducts aeration, and the biofilm absorbs and decomposes pollutants in the sewage. S2: The sewage and the film-attached carrier after being treated in the treatment reaction tank (2) move onto the screen (41) under the action of water flow, and the sewage enters the receiving hopper (42) from the mesh holes of the screen (41); under the scouring of the spraying device (43), the broken film-attached carriers with particle sizes smaller than the aperture of the screening mesh and the aged and peeled biofilms fall into the lower receiving hopper (42) and are discharged through the discharge pipe at the bottom. S3: The motor drives the conveyor wheel (52) to drive the conveyor belt (51) to move, and the scraper (53) on the conveyor belt (51) brings the intact film-attached carriers with particle sizes larger than the aperture of the screening mesh to the return chute (54) and transports them to the outlet of the return chute (54). S4: When most of the biofilm on the film-attached carrier is intact, the rotating gate (55) is rotated to block the first inlet (12) leading to the new media film-forming tank (1), and the film-attached carrier enters the return media film-forming tank (3); the process conditions are adjusted, and the film-stripping biological carrier completes secondary film formation. S5: When most of the biofilm on the film-attached carrier falls off, the rotating gate (55) is rotated to block the second inlet (32) leading to the return media film-forming tank (3), and the film-attached carrier enters the new media film-forming tank (1) and forms a film together with the newly added biological carrier. S6: When the biofilm on the biological carriers returning to the new media film-forming tank (1) and the return media film-forming tank (3) grows back to the mature state, it enters the treatment reaction tank (2) again for sewage treatment; and so on, running in a cycle. The plant fruit shell biological carrier sewage treatment system includes a water supply and gas supply pipe, and also includes a new media film-forming tank (1), a treatment reaction tank (2), a return media film-forming tank (3), a screening device (4) and a return device (5); the water supply and gas supply pipe are respectively connected to the new media film-forming tank (1), the treatment reaction tank (2), and the return media film-forming tank (3), the new media film-forming tank (1) and the return media film-forming tank (3) are both communicated with the treatment reaction tank (2), the treatment reaction tank (2) is connected to the screening device (4), and the screening device (4) is connected to the return device (5); the return device (5) transports the biological carrier (6) to the new media film-forming tank (1) or the return media film-forming tank (3); the plant fruit shell biological carrier is walnut shell or peanut shell.

2. The sewage treatment method using a plant fruit shell biological carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple groups of first aeration loop pipes (11) are arranged at the bottom of the new media film-forming tank (1), and a feeding port (14) is arranged on the side of the new media film-forming tank (1); the new media film-forming tank (1) is provided with a first outlet (13), and the first outlet (13) communicates with the treatment reaction tank (2).

3. A method for treating sewage with a biological carrier made from plant fruit shells according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The treatment reaction tank (2) has a circular structure, and multiple groups of second aeration loop pipes (21) arranged concentrically and evenly spaced are arranged in the treatment reaction tank (2).

4. A method for treating sewage with a biological carrier made from plant fruit shells according to claim 3, characterized in that: A third aeration loop pipe (31) is arranged at the bottom of the return material film-forming tank (3); the return material film-forming tank (3) is provided with a third outlet (33), and the third outlet (33) is communicated with the treatment reaction tank (2).

5. A method for treating sewage with a biological carrier made of plant fruit shells according to claim 4, characterized in that: The volume of the new material film-forming tank (1) is 1 / 5 of that of the treatment reaction tank (2), and the volume of the return material film-forming tank (3) is 1 / 20 of that of the treatment reaction tank (2).

6. A method for treating sewage with a biological carrier made of plant fruit shells according to claim 5, characterized in that: The screening device (4) includes a screen (41), a receiving hopper (42) and a spraying device (43). The spraying device (43) is arranged above the screen (41), the receiving hopper (42) is arranged below the screen (41), and the aperture of the screen (41) is larger than the particle size of the damaged plant fruit husks.

7. A method for treating sewage with a biological carrier made from plant fruit shells according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spraying device (43) adopts a high-pressure water gun.

8. A method for treating sewage with a biological carrier made of plant fruit shells according to claim 7, characterized in that: The return feeder (5) includes a conveyor and a return chute (54). The driving wheel (52) of the conveyor drives the conveyor belt (51) to rotate. A scraper (53) is arranged on the conveyor belt (51). The inlet of the return chute (54) is connected to the screen (41), and a rotating gate (55) is arranged at the outlet end of the return chute (54). The rotating gate (55) controls the biological carrier (6) to enter the new material film-forming tank (1) through the first inlet (12) or enter the return material film-forming tank (3) through the second inlet (32).

9. The sewage treatment method using a plant fruit shell biological carrier according to claim 8, characterized in that: The water supply and air supply pipe includes a sewage pipe (7) and an air pipe (8). The sewage pipe (7) is respectively connected to the new material film-forming tank (1), the treatment reaction tank (2) and the return material film-forming tank (3). The air pipe (8) is respectively connected to the first aeration loop pipe (11), the second aeration loop pipe (21) and the third aeration loop pipe (31).

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