A method for reinforcing and renovating the foundation of a permanent coke oven shed

Abstract

A method for reinforcing and renovating the foundation of a permanent coke oven shed, characterized by the following steps: a) special temporary supports for dismantling and alteration measures; b) excavation by manual labor and small machinery; c) simultaneous construction from above and below; d) merging and converting the foundation into a raft foundation; e) adding a pile cap foundation. This method for reinforcing and renovating the foundation of a permanent coke oven shed offers a scientific, comprehensive, and reasonable solution with effective measures, strong operability, reliable quality and safety in the project, and excellent balance between construction period and cost. It also serves as a positive demonstration for the application and promotion of permanent environmentally friendly coke oven sheds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for reinforcing and renovating the foundation of a kiln, specifically a method for reinforcing and renovating the foundation of a permanent coke oven shed. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional coke ovens do not have permanent environmental protection sheds. In recent years, with the government's increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements, environmental protection sheds for coke ovens have begun to appear sporadically. However, these environmental protection sheds are all newly built coke ovens with added permanent environmental protection facilities, and the construction is not particularly difficult. There is currently no precedent for adding environmental protection sheds to coke ovens that are still in production, and this presents numerous challenges.

[0003] The environmental challenges of reinforcing and modifying the foundations of the end platforms and intermediate platforms in the basement of the coke oven to form a permanent greenhouse foundation are as follows:

[0004] 1. The basic renovation environment is mainly located in the coke oven basement area. The renovation will be carried out without stopping the coke oven production. There is gas in the basement, which poses high safety requirements for the renovation construction personnel and the surrounding production facilities.

[0005] 2. There are coke oven exhaust pipes and other pipelines and facilities in some parts of the basement, which makes it impossible to carry out basic renovation work.

[0006] 3. There are electrical rooms on the first and second floors of the coal preparation station, and there are a large number of cable trays around them, making normal construction impossible.

[0007] 4. The internal exchange room on the first floor of the coal exchange platform is a key piece of equipment in coke oven production. During its commissioning and use, it overlaps with the location of the reinforced foundation.

[0008] 5. The end platform has a gas water seal trough, which coincides with the location of the reinforced foundation.

[0009] 6. The coke oven's second-layer coke oven machine's coke side is a steel structure operating platform, which sits directly on the corbels of the original structural columns.

[0010] 7. The foundation structure of the permanent coke oven shed is complex to reinforce:

[0011] 1) All foundations need to be enlarged and reinforced in a complex manner: the foundation of the intermediate platform needs to be enlarged, and the main beam slab foundation is located below the inner rail of the coke pusher on the machine side; the foundation of the end platform column foundation is enlarged to the lower part of the flue, and the plan dimensions are larger and thicker; the foundation of the end platform part is to span the original retaining wall and surround the original columns on the retaining wall.

[0012] 2) Structural reinforcement involves expanding the columns from bottom to top, replacing some brick walls with concrete shear walls, or adding shear walls between two columns, etc. Equipment pipelines on the original walls and the edges of each floor slab will also have an impact.

[0013] 3) Complex excavation: Foundation renovation requires the removal of the original concrete floor, retaining walls, etc., while excavating to the bearing layer. The excavation operation is narrow and deep, the surrounding facilities need to be protected, and a large amount of soil and rock needs to be transported out from the basement. There are few exits and long passages.

[0014] 4) The original structure had no piles underneath and was situated on the bearing layer. The drawings could not reflect the large discrepancy between the excavation depth and the actual depth, which affected the operation.

[0015] Under the complex conditions of high temperature, narrow space, and multiple disciplines involved in gas production, the construction work was extremely difficult. Ensuring the foundation reinforcement of the coke oven meets design requirements while minimizing production disruptions and prioritizing safety made the work incredibly challenging. Compared to traditional, relatively conventional reinforcement methods, the reinforcement of a permanent coke oven foundation was unprecedented, especially in such harsh conditions (high temperature, narrow space, gas-filled environment, etc.), where there were no particularly reliable methods available.

[0016] Therefore, in the existing technology, how to complete the construction of a new environmental protection shed for a coke oven in production has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0017] The purpose of this invention is to propose a safe and reliable method for reinforcing and renovating the foundation of a permanent coke oven shed.

[0018] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0019] A method for reinforcing and renovating the foundation of a permanent coke oven shed, characterized by the following steps:

[0020] a. Special temporary support for demolition and alteration measures, including the following steps:

[0021] 1) Before construction of the coke oven basement, the equipment pipelines in the basement should be dismantled, modified, and supported and protected. The owner's production should be coordinated by area and part.

[0022] 2) Add temporary support columns to the steel structure operating platform parts of the machine and coke side operating platforms that are supported on the original column brackets, and modify the operating platforms to leave space for column reinforcement and expansion.

[0023] 3) Utilize the owner's maintenance time to modify the pipelines, dismantle and change the pipelines around the basement foundation and on the walls, and create a working surface for foundation excavation and reinforcement construction.

[0024] 4) Move cables that affect the reinforced structure and are laid along the wall or ground, and electrical distribution facilities in the first floor. Create a working space by setting up steel structure hangers through perforations on the upper beam slab to change the direction of the bolt cable trays, and then move the cables one by one. On the ground, use soft ropes to hang the cables at one point every 2 meters on the upper beam slab, and place the distribution cabinet on a temporary steel platform.

[0025] 5) For platforms and end platforms that require large-scale excavation, all movable facilities should be removed. For facilities such as electrical cabinets and production pipeline devices that cannot be moved, temporary steel structure measures should be used to suspend and fix them to the upper beams or columns, or to the walls and columns that do not need to be demolished. A steel structure suspended walkway platform should be set up above the excavation area.

[0026] 6) For immovable equipment, temporary protective measures should be taken for the equipment foundation. If the equipment foundation is directly supported by the bearing layer, steel supports should be used around the equipment foundation during the excavation process. If the equipment foundation is not supported by the bearing layer, new piles should be added on the four sides of the equipment foundation by manual excavation. The size and number of new piles should be calculated by design.

[0027] b. Excavation by manual labor and small machinery

[0028] 1) When excavating, first determine the excavation route. Excavation at the end platform should be carried out from the basement entrance, and excavation at the middle platform should be carried out from the coke oven machine side. It should be noted that excavation at the middle platform machine side should be coordinated with the owner's production trolley and a new temporary passage should be added.

[0029] 2) Excavation should be carried out using a combination of manual labor and small machinery. Since the area to be renovated at the platform location is relatively large, after the wall is broken down, a small excavator should be used to excavate in layers from the inside to the outside, and a small tricycle should be used to transport the soil out.

[0030] 3) For corners and end platforms where machinery cannot reach, manual excavation is used to simulate manual excavation of bored piles. Electric hoists are used for vertical transportation, and small tricycles are used for horizontal transport.

[0031] 4) For areas where excavation is particularly deep and indoor support is not possible, thus affecting surrounding facilities, the excavation can be eliminated by adding piles.

[0032] c. Construction is carried out simultaneously from above and below.

[0033] 1) The coke oven shed foundation reinforcement is divided into two sections, namely the basement and the upper and lower levels of the end platform and the intermediate platform, and is carried out simultaneously.

[0034] 2) For the structural reinforcement and renovation work of the end platform and the second floor above, if the reinforcement and renovation of the basement foundation structure is not completed, the reinforcement construction of the walls and columns shall be carried out from the second floor of the platform, relying on the existing walls and columns. In advance, roughening, rebar installation, construction of steel bars and formwork shall be carried out. Attention shall be paid to the support measures at the bottom. The steel bars shall be passed through the bottom of the floor slab and joints shall be reserved in advance.

[0035] 3) After the completion of the two-story structure of the end platform and the middle platform, continue to reinforce the upper structure to connect the construction wall and column parts with the upper part;

[0036] 4) When reinforcing and renovating the basement wall and column structure, pay attention to the connection of the reinforcing bars. The threaded joint reinforcing bars should be connected from top to bottom and inserted into the foundation. The loose part of the concrete at the upper joint surface should be removed and roughened.

[0037] d. Basic merging and conversion raft slab

[0038] 1) The reinforcement of the coke oven end platform and the intermediate platform foundations are all carried out by expanding the existing foundations to ensure the load-bearing capacity of the newly added sheds;

[0039] 2) The lower part of the end platform greenhouse column foundation rests on the retaining wall, and the foundation is formed by adding steel bars on both sides of the retaining wall foundation;

[0040] 3) The foundation of the greenhouse consists of machine-side slab beam foundation and coke-side pile cap foundation. To meet the foundation requirements of the greenhouse, the slab beam foundation is enlarged, and at the same time, some pile cap foundations are merged into a large pile cap in pairs.

[0041] 4) When expanding the foundation, all foundations should have the concrete at the bottom of the original foundation reinforcement position removed to form an inverted triangle, exposing the bottom reinforcement. The bottom reinforcement of the added foundation should be double-lapped and welded to the bottom reinforcement of the original foundation to form a whole. The upper reinforcement is formed by anchoring or directly passing through the original structure.

[0042] 5) At the location of the switch foundation, the old switch foundation is surrounded by a new raft slab to form a whole, and the same method of rebar anchoring is used to form a whole;

[0043] e. Add pile cap foundation

[0044] 1) At the end platform, the foundation of the greenhouse column rests on the retaining wall. The retaining wall foundation is reinforced with steel bars on both sides to form a pile cap foundation. The greenhouse column pile cap foundation is built around the retaining wall. In the case of limited space, a pile pile pile cap foundation is made. First, the pile cap is expanded on both sides of the retaining wall to form a pile foundation. Then, the pile cap foundation is built on the piles in conjunction with the original retaining wall foundation. Note that the bottom surface of the foundation should be at the same elevation. The pile cap foundation is extended outward from the retaining wall foundation and sits on the piles to form a pile cap foundation to support the greenhouse column.

[0045] The method for reinforcing and renovating the foundation of the permanent coke oven shed of the present invention can also be further implemented by the following technical measures.

[0046] In the aforementioned method, in step d2), when the distance between the flue and the retaining wall is very close, the flue side cannot meet the size requirements of the foundation. Therefore, the foundations on the machine side and the coke side are combined into one foundation to form an integral raft foundation to meet the stress requirements of the two columns at the end of the coke oven shed.

[0047] In the aforementioned method, in step d3), when the large foundation is exactly placed on the machine-side large plate beam foundation on the machine-side trolley track, the machine-side large plate beam foundation is connected with other small independent foundations on the coke side to form a large raft foundation.

[0048] In the aforementioned method, the bottom of the large slab beam foundation is deeper than the bottom of the foundation cap, resulting in an elevation difference. The bottom of the raft slab needs to be sloped to ensure load-bearing capacity. Reinforcing bars need to be installed at a 45° angle upwards at a position 500mm higher than the bottom of the large slab beam foundation. After the reinforcing bars extend upwards to the bottom elevation of the small foundation cap, they are bent into 45° reinforcing bars and then form the bottom mesh reinforcement.

[0049] In the aforementioned method, during step d4), when expanding the foundation, in order to ensure the connection between the old and new foundations, the old concrete surface needs to be roughened and an interface agent applied; at the same time, steel bars with a diameter of 12mm need to be installed on the bonding surface of the old foundation at a spacing of 300*300mm.

[0050] After adopting the above technical solution, the method for reinforcing and renovating the foundation of the permanent coke oven shed of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0051] 1. The solution was proposed in a scientific, comprehensive, and reasonable manner, and the measures were effective and highly operable;

[0052] 2. The foundation reinforcement and renovation project of the permanent coke oven shed was of reliable quality and safety, effectively ensuring a good balance between construction period and cost;

[0053] 3. It plays a positive demonstrative role in the application and promotion of permanent environmental protection greenhouses for coke ovens. Attached Figure Description

[0054] Figure 1 This is a layout diagram of the platform and coal tower foundation before modification according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 This is a plan view of the renovation and reinforcement of the platform and coal tower foundations according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view of AA;

[0057] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of adding a pile group foundation cap to the end cap in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 5for Figure 4 Sectional view of BB;

[0059] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating simultaneous construction of upper and lower floors according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A sectional view of CC.

[0061] In the diagram: 1. Existing flue; 2. Existing coal tower and platform foundation; 3. Existing coke pusher track foundation (located above the coal tower foundation); 4. Existing retaining wall foundation; 5. Wall reinforcement; 6. Column reinforcement; 7. Rebar installation; 8. Partial removal of the existing foundation; 9. Existing column foundation; 10. Existing coke oven foundation; 11. Existing end platform foundation; 12. Reinforced foundation platform; 13. Added column; 14. Original replacement concrete; 15. Reinforced foundation platform; 16. Overall reinforced foundation; 17. Existing operating platform; 18. New foundation, connecting the old foundations on the machine side and coke side into a whole to form an overall reinforced foundation; 19. Grouting reinforcement; 20. Boundary line between upper and lower working faces; 21. Original flue replaced with plain concrete. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0063] Example 1

[0064] Figure 1 This is a layout diagram of the foundation of the coke oven platform and coal tower before renovation, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method for reinforcing and renovating the permanent coke oven shed foundation of the present invention utilizes measures such as dismantling and modifying special temporary supports, manual and small-machinery excavation, simultaneous construction at both the upper and lower levels, merging and converting the foundation into a raft foundation, and adding a pile foundation group to reinforce and renovate the coke oven basement foundation. The specific construction method is as follows:

[0065] I. Special temporary supports for dismantling and alteration

[0066] 1. Before construction begins in the coke oven basement, the equipment pipelines within the basement must be dismantled, modified, and supported. To avoid affecting production, the work should be coordinated with the owner in different areas and sections. The dismantling and modification plan should be approved by the owner and carried out under the owner's guidance.

[0067] 2. Add a temporary support column to the steel structure operating platform part of the coke side operating platform that is supported on the original column bracket, and then modify the operating platform, leaving space for column reinforcement and expansion.

[0068] 3. Utilize the maintenance time provided by the owner to modify the pipes one by one, dismantle and change the pipes around the basement foundation and on the walls, and create a working surface for foundation excavation and reinforcement construction.

[0069] 4. To move cables laid along the wall or ground that affect the reinforced structure, as well as the electrical distribution facilities in the first-floor electrical room, a working space is created by setting up steel structure hangers through perforations on the upper beam slab to change the direction of the bolted cable trays. Then, the cables are moved one by one to ensure that production is not affected. For cables on the ground, soft ropes are used to hang them on the upper beam slab at points every 2 meters. Temporary steel seats are set under the distribution cabinet and fixed in the air by steel wire ropes to ensure functionality.

[0070] 5. For platforms and end platforms that require large-scale excavation, all movable facilities should be removed. For facilities that cannot be moved, such as electrical cabinets and production pipeline devices, temporary steel structure measures should be used to suspend and fix them to the upper beams or columns, or to walls and columns that do not need to be demolished. To ensure that production can continue after excavation, a steel structure suspended walkway platform should be set up above the excavation area to ensure production.

[0071] 6. For immovable equipment, such as switches, temporary protection should be provided for their foundations. If the switch foundation is directly supported by the bearing layer, steel supports should be used around the foundation during excavation to prevent tilting. If the switch foundation is not supported by the bearing layer, additional piles should be added manually on all four sides of the foundation to support it. The size and number of piles should be calculated according to the design.

[0072] II. Excavation by manual labor and small machinery

[0073] 1. When excavating, the excavation route should be determined first. Excavation at the end platform should be carried out from the basement entrance, and excavation at the middle platform should be carried out from the coke oven machine side. It should be noted that excavation at the middle platform machine side should be coordinated with the owner's production trolley and a new temporary passage should be added.

[0074] 2. The excavation for the coke oven shed foundation renovation should be carried out using a combination of manual labor and small machinery. At the platform location, where the renovation area is relatively large, after breaking down the wall, a small excavator should be used to excavate in layers from the inside to the outside, and a small tricycle should be used to transport the soil out. Since the coke oven side of the platform foundation reinforcement is surrounded by retaining walls or flues on both sides, the machine side has a large beam and slab foundation, and the coke side has an operating platform foundation, the overall support is relatively simple. Horizontal steel supports should be formed between the excavated foundation columns and the surrounding wall columns to prevent foundation displacement or column deformation.

[0075] 3. For corners and end platforms where machinery cannot reach, manual excavation is used to simulate the process of manually excavating bored piles. Vertical transport is achieved using electric hoists, and horizontal transport is carried out by small tricycles.

[0076] 4. For areas where excavation is too deep to be supported indoors and would affect surrounding facilities, excavation can be eliminated by adding piles.

[0077] III. Construction will proceed simultaneously from above and below.

[0078] 1. The reinforcement and renovation work of the basement of the coke oven shed foundation is too complicated, the overall cycle is too long, and the renovation process is too piecemeal and the personnel organization is not good. The coke oven shed foundation reinforcement is divided into two sections: the basement and the upper and lower floors of the end and side platforms, which are carried out at the same time. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating simultaneous construction of upper and lower floors according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 for Figure 6 A sectional view of CC.

[0079] 2. For the structural reinforcement and renovation work of the second floor and above of the end platform, if the reinforcement and renovation of the basement foundation structure is not completed, the reinforcement construction of the walls and columns will start from the second floor of the platform, relying on the existing coal tower, platform foundation 2, existing retaining wall foundation 4, and columns. In advance, roughen the surface, install rebar 7, construct steel bars and formwork, and pay attention to the support measures at the bottom. The steel bars should be passed to the bottom of the floor slab, and joints should be reserved in advance. If concrete is poured first, a sloping joint surface should be left at the bottom, and it should be 500mm higher than the floor slab to ensure the connection of the bottom reinforcement.

[0080] 3. After the renovation and reinforcement of the two-story structure of the end and room platform is completed, continue to reinforce the upper structure. If the stress is not suitable, only steel bars can be installed. After the basement foundation reinforcement and renovation is completed, the wall and column parts are connected to the upper part.

[0081] 4. When reinforcing and renovating the basement wall and column structure, pay attention to the connection of the reinforcing bars. The threaded joint reinforcing bars should be connected from top to bottom and inserted into the foundation. The loose parts of the concrete at the upper joint surface should be removed and roughened.

[0082] IV. Basic Merging and Transformation Raft

[0083] Figure 2 This is a plan view of the renovation and reinforcement of the foundation of the coal tower and the platform according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view of AA.

[0084] 1. The reinforcement of the coke oven end platform and intermediate platform foundations is carried out by expanding the existing foundations to ensure the load-bearing capacity of the newly added greenhouses.

[0085] 2. The foundation of the end-stage greenhouse column rests on the retaining wall, and the foundation is formed by adding steel bars on both sides of the retaining wall.

[0086] When the distance between the flue and the retaining wall is very close, the flue side cannot meet the size of the foundation. Therefore, the foundations on the machine and coke sides are combined into one foundation to form an integral raft foundation to meet the load-bearing requirements of the two columns at the end of the coke oven shed.

[0087] 3. The foundation of the shed consists of a machine-side slab beam foundation and a coke-side abutment foundation. To meet the foundation requirements of the shed, the slab beam foundation was enlarged, and some abutment foundations were merged in pairs to form a large abutment. Based on the site conditions, the machine-side trolley track falls precisely on the machine-side large slab beam foundation, which cannot be fully enlarged. Therefore, the machine-side large slab beam foundation is connected to other small independent foundations on the coke side to form a large raft foundation. The bottom of the large slab beam foundation is deeper than the bottom of the abutment foundation, creating an elevation difference. The bottom of the resulting raft foundation needs to be sloped to ensure load-bearing capacity. Reinforcing bars need to be installed at a 45° angle upwards at a position 500mm above the bottom of the large slab beam foundation (where excavation allows sufficient space for the inclined reinforcing bars, they should be exposed from the ground, welded, and then bent upwards at 45°). After extending the reinforcing bars upwards to the elevation of the bottom of the small abutment foundation, they are bent into 45° bars to form the bottom mesh reinforcement at that elevation level.

[0088] 4. When expanding the foundation cap, all foundations should have the concrete at the original foundation bottom reinforcement location removed to form an inverted triangle, exposing the bottom reinforcement. The bottom reinforcement of the added foundation cap should be double-lapped and welded to the original bottom reinforcement to form a single unit. The upper reinforcement is formed by anchoring or directly passing through the original structure. To ensure the connection between the old and new foundations, the old concrete surface needs to be roughened and coated with a bonding agent. Simultaneously, 12mm diameter steel bars should be anchored at 300mm x 300mm intervals on the interface surface of the old foundation.

[0089] 5. At the location of the switch foundation, the old switch foundation is surrounded by a new raft slab to form a unified structure. Rebar is also used to form this unified structure.

[0090] V. Add pile cap foundation

[0091] 1. At the end abutment, the foundation of the end abutment canopy columns rests on a retaining wall, with reinforced steel bars added to both sides of the retaining wall foundation to form a pile cap foundation. However, the original retaining wall foundation rests on a concrete backfill foundation, and the backfill concrete is quite deep. With deep backfill soil on both sides of the retaining wall and the backfill concrete, large-scale excavation is not possible because it is located in the basement. This would affect other foundations and end abutment rooms in the surrounding area, and the limited space for operation in all directions makes it difficult to provide support. Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the addition of a pile group foundation cap to the end abutment in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 for Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of BB.

[0092] In such cases, a pile cap foundation is constructed around the retaining wall. In situations where space is limited, a pile group foundation is used. First, manually excavated bored piles are constructed on both sides of the retaining wall to expand the position of the foundation, forming a pile foundation. Then, a pile cap foundation is constructed on the piles in conjunction with the original retaining wall foundation. Note that the bottom surfaces of the foundations should be at the same elevation. The foundation extends outward from the retaining wall foundation and sits on the piles to form a pile cap foundation to support the greenhouse columns.

[0093] This invention possesses substantial features and significant technological advancements. The method for reinforcing and renovating the foundation of a permanent coke oven shed overcomes the extremely harsh environmental conditions of the coke oven basement, including high temperatures, narrow spaces, and gas-filled areas, where large machinery cannot be used. It employs technical measures such as temporary supports (including dismantling and modification), manual and small-machinery excavation, simultaneous construction from above and below, foundation merging and conversion to raft foundations, and the addition of pile foundations. These measures overcome numerous difficulties encountered in reinforcing and renovating under complex basement conditions, comprehensively addressing the challenges. They effectively guarantee the construction period and cost control, yielding significant results with no adverse effects. This invention can play a positive role in promoting the application of such permanent environmentally friendly coke oven sheds.

[0094] The above embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions should also fall within the scope of this invention and are defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for reinforcing and renovating the foundation of a permanent coke oven shed, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: a. Special temporary support for demolition and alteration measures, including the following steps: 1) Before construction of the coke oven basement, the equipment pipelines in the basement should be dismantled, modified, and supported and protected. The owner's production should be coordinated by area and part. 2) Add temporary support columns to the steel structure operating platform of the machine and coke side operating platform that is supported on the original column brackets, and modify the operating platform to leave space for column reinforcement and expansion. 3) Utilize the owner's maintenance time to modify the pipelines, dismantle and change the pipelines around the basement foundation and on the walls, and create a working surface for foundation excavation and reinforcement construction. 4) Moving cables laid along the wall or ground that affect the reinforced structure and the electrical distribution facilities in the first-floor electrical room can be done by changing the direction of the bolted cable trays by setting steel structure hangers through perforations on the upper beams and slabs, and then moving the cables one by one; on the ground, the cables are hung on the upper beams and slabs with soft ropes at 2-meter intervals, and the distribution cabinet is placed on a temporary steel platform. 5) For platforms and end platforms that require large-scale excavation, all movable facilities should be removed. For electrical cabinets and production pipeline devices that cannot be moved, temporary steel structure measures should be used to suspend and fix them on the upper beams or on the walls and columns that do not need to be demolished. A steel structure suspended walkway platform should be set up above the excavation area. 6) For immovable equipment, temporary protective measures should be taken for the equipment foundation. If the equipment foundation is directly supported by the bearing layer, steel supports should be used around the equipment foundation during the excavation process. If the equipment foundation is not supported by the bearing layer, new piles should be added on the four sides of the equipment foundation by manual excavation. The size and number of new piles should be calculated by design. b. Excavation by manual labor and small machinery 1) When excavating, first determine the excavation route. Excavation at the end platform should be carried out from the basement entrance, and excavation at the middle platform should be carried out from the coke oven machine side. It should be noted that excavation at the middle platform machine side should be coordinated with the owner's production trolley and a new temporary passage should be added. 2) Excavation should be carried out using a combination of manual labor and small machinery. Since the area to be renovated at the platform location is relatively large, after the wall is broken down, a small excavator should be used to excavate in layers from the inside to the outside, and a small tricycle should be used to transport the soil out. 3) For corners and end platforms where machinery cannot reach, manual excavation is used to simulate manual excavation of bored piles. Electric hoists are used for vertical transport, and small tricycles are used for horizontal transport. 4) For areas where excavation is too deep to be supported indoors and would affect surrounding facilities, the excavation can be eliminated by adding piles. c. Construction is carried out simultaneously from above and below. 1) The coke oven shed foundation reinforcement is divided into two sections, namely the basement and the upper and lower levels of the end platform and the intermediate platform, and is carried out simultaneously. 2) For the structural reinforcement and renovation work of the end platform and the second floor above, if the reinforcement and renovation of the basement foundation structure is not completed, the reinforcement construction of the walls and columns shall be carried out from the second floor of the platform, relying on the existing walls and columns. The surface should be roughened, the rebar should be installed, the steel bars and formwork should be installed in advance, and the lower support measures should be taken. The steel bars should be passed through the lower part of the floor slab, and the joint reservation measures should be made in advance. 3) After the completion of the two-story structure of the end platform and the middle platform, continue to reinforce the upper structure to connect the construction wall and column parts with the upper part; 4) When reinforcing and renovating the basement wall and column structure, pay attention to the connection of the reinforcing bars. The threaded joint reinforcing bars should be connected from top to bottom and inserted into the foundation. The loose part of the concrete at the upper joint surface should be removed and roughened. d. Basic merging and conversion raft slab 1) The reinforcement of the coke oven end platform and the intermediate platform foundations are all carried out by expanding the existing foundations to ensure the load-bearing capacity of the newly added sheds; 2) The lower part of the end platform greenhouse column foundation rests on the retaining wall, and the foundation is formed by adding steel bars on both sides of the retaining wall foundation; 3) The foundation of the greenhouse consists of machine-side slab beam foundation and coke-side pile cap foundation. To meet the foundation requirements of the greenhouse, the slab beam foundation is enlarged, and at the same time, some pile cap foundations are merged into a large pile cap in pairs. 4) When expanding the foundation, all foundations should have the concrete at the bottom of the original foundation reinforcement position removed to form an inverted triangle, exposing the bottom reinforcement. The bottom reinforcement of the added foundation should be double-lapped and welded to the bottom reinforcement of the original foundation to form a whole. The upper reinforcement is formed by anchoring or directly passing through the original structure. 5) At the location of the switch foundation, the old switch foundation is surrounded by a new raft slab to form a whole, and the same method of rebar anchoring is used to form a whole; e. Add pile cap foundation At the end platform, the foundation of the greenhouse columns rests on the retaining wall. The retaining wall foundation is reinforced with steel bars on both sides to form a pile cap foundation. The greenhouse column pile cap foundation is built around the retaining wall. In the case of limited space, a pile pile pile cap foundation is made. First, the pile cap is expanded on both sides of the retaining wall to form a pile foundation. Then, the pile cap foundation is built on the piles in conjunction with the original retaining wall foundation. Note that the bottom surface of the foundation should be at the same elevation. The pile cap foundation is extended outward from the retaining wall foundation and sits on the piles to form a pile cap foundation to support the greenhouse columns.

2. The method for reinforcing and renovating the foundation of a permanent coke oven shed as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step d2), when the distance between the flue and the retaining wall is very close, the flue side cannot meet the size requirements of the foundation. Therefore, the foundations on the machine side and the coke side are combined into one foundation to form an integral raft foundation to meet the stress requirements of the two columns at the end of the coke oven shed.

3. The method for reinforcing and renovating the foundation of a permanent coke oven shed as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step d3), when the large foundation is exactly placed on the machine-side large plate beam foundation by the machine-side trolley track, the machine-side large plate beam foundation is connected to other small independent foundations on the coke side to form a large raft foundation.

4. The method for reinforcing and renovating the foundation of a permanent coke oven shed as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the large slab beam foundation is deeper than the bottom of the pier foundation, resulting in an elevation difference. The bottom of the raft slab needs to be sloped to ensure load-bearing capacity. Reinforcing bars need to be installed at a 45° angle upwards at a position 500mm higher than the bottom of the large slab beam foundation. After the reinforcing bars extend upwards to the bottom elevation of the small independent foundation, they are bent into 45° reinforcing bars and then form the bottom mesh reinforcement.

5. The method for reinforcing and renovating the foundation of a permanent coke oven shed as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step d4), when expanding the foundation, in order to ensure the connection between the old and new foundations, the old concrete surface needs to be roughened and an interface agent needs to be applied; at the same time, steel bars with a diameter of 12mm need to be installed on the bonding surface of the old foundation at a spacing of 300*300mm.

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