A multi-layer mining method for space anti-collision collaborative three-dimensional filling mining

Abstract

A multi-layer mining space anti-bumping collaborative three-dimensional filling mining method is designed to control the deformation, breakage and movement of the overburden in the mining area and reduce the stress concentration and energy accumulation of the coal rock mass. The different layers of the mining area that induce shock are used as the control targets for anti-bumping collaborative three-dimensional filling. Anti-bumping collaborative filling methods at different locations in the region are used in combination. High-level filling regulates large-scale stress, and medium and low-level filling adjusts small-scale structure. Together, they coordinate and control the energy accumulation and release of rock formations at different levels, forming a multi-layer mining space anti-bumping collaborative three-dimensional filling method. The method of the present invention is suitable for rock bursts caused by large fault structures, extremely thick overburden formations, isolated coal pillars, etc., and scenarios where artificial measures such as support and unloading are difficult to effectively prevent and control rock burst disasters. The present invention effectively limits the deformation, breakage and movement of rock formations, reduces the stress concentration and energy accumulation of coal rock masses, and reduces rock formation damage, thereby achieving the goal of controlling rock burst disasters from the source.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal mine filling mining, and specifically to a multi-layer mining space anti-impact collaborative three-dimensional filling mining method, which is particularly suitable for use in mining scenarios such as rock burst caused by large fault structures, extremely thick overlying rock strata, isolated coal pillars, etc., and where artificial measures such as support and pressure relief are difficult to effectively prevent and control rock burst disasters. Background Art

[0002] There are three main approaches to preventing and controlling rock burst disasters in coal mines: support, pressure relief, and backfilling. However, artificial measures such as support and pressure relief are difficult to effectively prevent and control rock burst disasters caused by large fault structures, extremely thick overburden, and isolated coal pillars. Furthermore, low-level backfilling methods are difficult to achieve the designed fill rate due to technical and geological reasons, and cannot fully control the accumulation and release of energy in the overburden. Furthermore, single-level mid-level backfilling and high-level backfilling methods have limited overburden control effects, making it difficult to achieve the goal of preventing and controlling rock burst disasters in coal mines.

[0003] In summary, a single low-level filling anti-impact method, a medium-level filling anti-impact method or a high-level filling anti-impact method can only alleviate or weaken the impact tendency of the overburden. They each have their own advantages and disadvantages, but have not yet formed a combination of complementary advantages, and have not yet formed a multi-layer mining space anti-impact collaborative three-dimensional filling mining method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-layer mining space anti-impact collaborative three-dimensional filling mining method that can fully utilize the existing mature filling technology and effective filling space to control surface subsidence, effectively limit the deformation, breakage and movement of rock strata, weaken the stress concentration and energy accumulation of coal rock bodies, and reduce rock strata damage, thereby realizing the control of rock burst disasters from the source.

[0005] In order to achieve this purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0006] A multi-layer mining method for spatial anti-bumping collaborative three-dimensional filling takes the different layers of the mining area as the control targets for anti-bumping collaborative three-dimensional filling. It adopts anti-bumping collaborative filling methods at different locations in the region, with high-level filling regulating large-scale stress and medium- and low-level filling adjusting small-scale structure. The methods jointly coordinate and control the deformation, fracture, energy accumulation and release of the key layers of the mining area, thus forming a multi-layer mining method for spatial anti-bumping collaborative three-dimensional filling.

[0007] The different layers of the induced impact rock strata include sub-induced impact key layers and main induced impact key layers; in terms of the layer position, the sub-induced impact key layer is located at an elevation below the key layer, and the main induced impact key layer is located at an elevation above the key layer;

[0008] The anti-collision collaborative filling method at different locations in the area includes a low-level filling anti-collision method, a mid-level filling anti-collision method, and a high-level filling anti-collision method. The specific collaborative methods are as follows:

[0009] S1. Based on the impulse induction index, the impulse induction of multiple hard rock layers overlying the coal seam is determined, and the sub-inducing impulse key layer and the main impulse key layer and their positions are determined;

[0010] S2. In the early stage of mining on the working face within the mining area, the sub-shock-inducing key layer is taken as the control target, and the low-level filling and mid-level filling anti-shock methods are used as the anti-shock methods. The filling material is transported into the goaf formed by coal mining and the fissures in the water-conducting fracture zone to control the deformation degree of the sub-shock-inducing key layer and reduce the energy accumulation in the sub-shock-inducing key layer;

[0011] S3. When the accumulation of disaster-causing energy in the sub-inducing critical layer shows local energy concentration, the low-level filling anti-impact method is used to reduce the energy accumulation in the sub-inducing critical layer;

[0012] S4. If the energy release and transfer of the sub-inducing critical stratum is directly transferred to the stope during the mining of the working face, then the middle filling method should be used to slow down the energy release and transfer while the low filling method is used to prevent the impact.

[0013] If the energy release and transmission of the sub-inducing key layer is transmitted to the stope with the working face mining lagging behind the working face position by a length of the working face or more, the middle filling anti-impact method will lag behind the low filling anti-impact method by one cycle to control the filling step to coordinately slow down the energy release and transmission of the sub-inducing key layer;

[0014] S5. With the continuous mining of the mining area, the main induced impact key layer is taken as the control target. When the strength criterion discrimination index F 强 , Energy criterion discrimination index F 能 and shock tendency criterion discrimination index F 冲 When all three indices are greater than 0.5 and not greater than 1, the high-level filling anti-bumping method is used to control the stress concentration and energy accumulation in the main induced-bumping key layer;

[0015] S6. Continuously conduct on-site monitoring and analysis of the deformation, stress distribution and energy change patterns of the impact-inducing layer, and provide feedback on the control indicators of the top filling rate and the timing of high-level filling to prevent impact, thereby completing multi-layer mining and spatial anti-impact collaborative three-dimensional filling mining.

[0016] In step S3, the low-level filling anti-bumping method includes surface filling, lane filling or field filling with integrated mining and filling, specifically including the following three situations:

[0017] Case 1: For energy accumulation near the working face, the surface charging method is used to weaken the energy accumulation;

[0018] Case 2: For the energy accumulation near the roadway and the coal pillars protecting the roadway, the surface filling method is used in conjunction with the roadway injection method to weaken the energy accumulation;

[0019] Case 3: Domain charging and weakening energy concentration is adopted for local geological structures.

[0020] The mid-position filling and anti-bumping in step S4 includes a fully separated perfusion method or a hole injection method.

[0021] In step S5, the high-position filling and anti-impact method includes two modes: ground vertical mode and ground directional hole injection mode. The main impact-inducing key layer is taken as the control target, and the filling material is transported to the delamination space generated between the main impact-inducing key layer and the underlying soft rock, thereby reducing the bending deformation of the main impact-inducing key layer and slowing down the release of energy accumulated in the main impact-inducing key layer to the underlying coal-bearing rock formation, weakening the concentration of advance support stress of the coal and rock mass at the working face, and reducing the risk of impact ground pressure disasters induced by hard overburden.

[0022] The so-called regulation of large-scale stress refers to the use of high-position filling anti-impact methods as a measure to replace the delamination space and crack space formed by mining with filling bodies, and coordinate the control of stress concentration and energy accumulation reduction in the basic top and key layers of the entire mining area.

[0023] The adjustment of the small-scale structure refers to the use of low-level filling and medium-level filling anti-impact methods as measures to replace the goaf and crack spaces in the collapse zone formed by mining with filling bodies, forming an anti-impact structure that coordinates the top control of the goaf filling body, the collapse zone filling rock layer mixture and the surrounding rock.

[0024] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0025] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following advantages: filling the mining space with filling materials in multiple layers overcomes the poor anti-impact effect control of traditional single coal mine impact ground pressure disaster prevention measures, and the anti-impact control range is expanded from a single working face to the entire mining field, which is beneficial to improving the surrounding rock characteristics, weakening the impact tendency, and increasing the surrounding rock damping, thereby achieving the goal of controlling impact ground pressure disasters from the source. The present invention has wide practicality in the field of impact prevention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-layered mining method for space-anti-collision collaborative three-dimensional filling mining according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a multi-layer mining method for space anti-collision collaborative three-dimensional filling mining according to the present invention;

[0028] In the picture:

[0029] 1-bottom rock layer; 2-roof rock layer; 3-waste bin; 4-waste; 5-grouting pipeline; 6-mixer; 7-water reservoir; 8-waste powder bin; 9-filling pump; 10-main induced impact key layer; 11-sub-induced impact key layer; 12-separation zone; 13-grouting filling working face; 14-grouting drilling hole; 15-isolation coal pillar; 16-goaf; 17-solid filling working face. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more precise definition of the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The present invention discloses a multi-layer mining space anti-bumping collaborative three-dimensional filling mining method, which takes the different layers of the mining area that induce shock as the control target of the anti-bumping collaborative three-dimensional filling, adopts the anti-bumping collaborative filling methods at different positions in the region, and uses high-level filling to regulate large-scale stress, and medium and low-level filling to adjust small-scale structure, and jointly coordinates and controls the deformation, fracture, energy accumulation and release of the key layers that induce shock, thus forming a multi-layer mining space anti-bumping collaborative three-dimensional filling mining method;

[0032] The different layers of impact-inducing rock formations include sub-impact-inducing key layers and main impact-inducing key layers; the hard rock formation above the direct roof that controls the impact hazard of the coal body in the entire mining area and induces impact ground pressure disasters in the mining area is called the main impact-inducing key layer, and the hard rock formation above the direct roof that controls the impact hazard of the coal body in the working face and induces impact ground pressure disasters in the mining area is called the sub-impact-inducing key layer; in terms of layer position, the sub-impact-inducing key layer is located at an elevation below the key layer, and the main impact-inducing key layer is located at an elevation at and above the key layer.

[0033] The anti-collision collaborative filling method at different locations in the area includes a low-level filling anti-collision method, a mid-level filling anti-collision method, and a high-level filling anti-collision method. The specific collaborative methods are as follows:

[0034] S1. Based on the impulse induction index, the impulse induction of multiple hard rock layers overlying the coal seam is determined, and the sub-inducing impulse key layer and the main impulse key layer and their positions are determined;

[0035] S2. In the early stage of mining on the working face within the mining area, the sub-shock-inducing key layer is taken as the control target, and the low-level filling and mid-level filling anti-shock methods are used as the anti-shock methods. The filling material is transported into the goaf formed by coal mining and the fissures in the water-conducting fracture zone to control the deformation degree of the sub-shock-inducing key layer and reduce the energy accumulation in the sub-shock-inducing key layer;

[0036] S3. When the accumulation of disaster-causing energy in the sub-inducing critical layer shows local energy concentration, the low-level filling anti-impact method is used to reduce the energy accumulation in the sub-inducing critical layer;

[0037] S4. If the energy release and transfer of the sub-inducing critical stratum is directly transferred to the stope during the mining of the working face, then the middle filling method should be used to slow down the energy release and transfer while the low filling method is used to prevent the impact.

[0038] If the energy release and transmission of the sub-inducing key layer is transmitted to the stope with the working face mining lagging behind the working face position by a length of the working face or more, the middle filling anti-impact method will lag behind the low filling anti-impact method by one cycle to control the filling step to coordinately slow down the energy release and transmission of the sub-inducing key layer;

[0039] S5. With the continuous mining of the mining area, the main induced impact key layer is taken as the control target. When the strength criterion discrimination index F 强 , Energy criterion discrimination index F 能 and shock tendency criterion discrimination index F 冲 When all three indices are greater than 0.5 and not greater than 1, the high-level filling anti-bumping method is used to control the stress concentration and energy accumulation in the main induced-bumping key layer;

[0040] Strength criteria:

[0041] Energy Criteria:

[0042] Impact Propensity Criteria:

[0043] For the specific formula definition, see Mou Zonglong, Dou Linming, Li Weimin. Mechanism of rock burst induced by roof strata[M]. Xuzhou: China University of Mining and Technology Press, 2013.

[0044] S6. Continuously conduct on-site monitoring and analysis of the deformation, stress distribution and energy change patterns of the impact-inducing layer, and provide feedback on the control indicators of the top filling rate and the timing of high-level filling to prevent impact, thereby completing multi-layer mining and spatial anti-impact collaborative three-dimensional filling mining.

[0045] Preferably, in step S3, the low-level filling anti-bumping method includes surface filling, lane filling or field filling in an integrated manner, specifically including the following three situations:

[0046] Case 1: For energy accumulation near the working face, the surface charging method is used to weaken the energy accumulation;

[0047] Case 2: For the energy accumulation near the roadway and the coal pillars protecting the roadway, the surface filling method is used in conjunction with the roadway injection method to weaken the energy accumulation;

[0048] Case 3: Domain charging and weakening energy concentration is adopted for local geological structures.

[0049] Preferably, the mid-position filling and anti-bumping in step S4 includes a fully separated perfusion method or a hole injection method.

[0050] Preferably, in step S5, the high-position filling anti-impact method includes two modes: ground vertical mode and ground directional hole injection mode. The main impulsive key layer is used as the control target, and the filling material is transported to the delamination space generated between the main impulsive key layer and the underlying soft rock, thereby reducing the bending deformation of the main impulsive key layer and slowing down the release of energy accumulated in the main impulsive key layer to the underlying coal-bearing rock formation, weakening the concentration of advance support stress of the coal and rock mass at the working face, and reducing the risk of rock burst disasters induced by hard overburden.

[0051] Preferably, the large-scale stress regulation refers to the use of high-position filling anti-impact methods as measures, replacing the delamination space and crack space formed by mining with filling bodies, and coordinating the control of stress concentration and energy accumulation weakening in the basic top and key layers of the entire mining area.

[0052] Preferably, the adjustment of the small-scale structure refers to the use of low-level filling anti-impact method and medium-level filling anti-impact method as measures to replace the goaf and collapse zone fissure spaces formed by mining with filling bodies, forming an anti-impact structure that coordinates the top control of the goaf filling body, the collapse zone filling rock layer mixture and the surrounding rock.

[0053] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention. Its purpose is to enable people familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it. It cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-layer mining method for space anti-collision collaborative three-dimensional filling mining, characterized in that: Taking the different layers of the mining area as the control targets for anti-bumping collaborative three-dimensional filling, the anti-bumping collaborative filling methods at different locations in the region are coordinated. High-level filling regulates large-scale stress, and medium and low-level filling adjusts small-scale structure. The deformation, fracture, energy accumulation and release of the key layers of the mining area are coordinated and controlled to form a multi-layer mining space anti-bumping collaborative three-dimensional filling mining method. The different layers of the induced impact rock strata include sub-induced impact key layers and main induced impact key layers; in terms of the layer position, the sub-induced impact key layer is located at an elevation below the key layer, and the main induced impact key layer is located at an elevation above the key layer; The anti-collision collaborative filling method at different locations in the area includes a low-level filling anti-collision method, a mid-level filling anti-collision method, and a high-level filling anti-collision method. The specific collaborative methods are as follows: S1. Based on the impulse induction index, the impulse induction of multiple hard rock layers overlying the coal seam is determined, and the sub-inducing impulse key layer and the main impulse key layer and their positions are determined; S2. In the early stage of mining on the working face within the mining area, the sub-shock-inducing key layer is taken as the control target, and the low-level filling and mid-level filling anti-shock methods are used as the anti-shock methods. The filling material is transported into the goaf formed by coal mining and the fissures in the water-conducting fracture zone to control the deformation degree of the sub-shock-inducing key layer and reduce the energy accumulation in the sub-shock-inducing key layer; S3. When the accumulation of disaster-causing energy in the sub-inducing critical layer shows local energy concentration, the low-level filling anti-impact method is used to reduce the energy accumulation in the sub-inducing critical layer; S4. If the energy release and transfer of the sub-inducing critical stratum is directly transferred to the stope during the mining of the working face, then the middle filling method should be used to slow down the energy release and transfer while the low filling method is used to prevent the impact. If the energy release and transmission of the sub-inducing key layer is transmitted to the stope with the working face mining lagging behind the working face position by a length of the working face or more, the middle filling anti-impact method will lag behind the low filling anti-impact method by one cycle to control the filling step to coordinately slow down the energy release and transmission of the sub-inducing key layer; S5. With the continuous mining of the mining area, the main induced impact key layer is taken as the control target. When the strength criterion discrimination index F 强 , Energy criterion discrimination index F 能 and shock tendency criterion discrimination index F 冲 When all three indices are greater than 0.5 and not greater than 1, the high-level filling anti-scour method is used to control the stress concentration and energy accumulation in the main induced scour key layer; S6. Continuously conduct on-site monitoring and analysis of the deformation, stress distribution and energy change patterns of the impact-inducing layer, and provide feedback on the control indicators of the top filling rate and the timing of high-level filling to prevent impact, thereby completing multi-layer mining and spatial anti-impact collaborative three-dimensional filling mining.

2. The multi-layer mining method for space anti-collision collaborative three-dimensional filling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S3, the low-level filling anti-bumping method includes surface filling, lane filling or field filling with integrated mining and filling, specifically including the following three situations: Case 1: For energy accumulation near the working face, the surface charging method is used to weaken the energy accumulation; Case 2: For the energy accumulation near the roadway and the coal pillars protecting the roadway, the surface filling method is used in conjunction with the roadway injection method to weaken the energy accumulation; Case 3: Domain charging and weakening energy concentration is adopted for local geological structures.

3. The multi-layer mining method for space anti-collision collaborative three-dimensional filling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The mid-position filling and anti-bumping in step S4 includes a fully separated perfusion method or a hole injection method.

4. The multi-layer mining method for space anti-collision collaborative three-dimensional filling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S5, the high-position filling and anti-impact method includes two modes: ground vertical mode and ground directional hole injection mode. The main impact-inducing key layer is taken as the control target, and the filling material is transported to the delamination space generated between the main impact-inducing key layer and the underlying soft rock, thereby reducing the bending deformation of the main impact-inducing key layer and slowing down the release of energy accumulated in the main impact-inducing key layer to the underlying coal-bearing rock formation, weakening the concentration of advance support stress of the coal and rock mass at the working face, and reducing the risk of impact ground pressure disasters induced by hard overburden.

5. The multi-layer mining method for space-time anti-collision collaborative three-dimensional filling mining according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The so-called regulation of large-scale stress refers to the use of high-position filling anti-impact methods as a measure to replace the delamination space and crack space formed by mining with filling bodies, and coordinate the control of stress concentration and energy accumulation reduction in the basic top and key layers of the entire mining area.

6. The multi-layer mining method for space anti-collision collaborative three-dimensional filling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The adjustment of the small-scale structure refers to the use of low-level filling and medium-level filling anti-impact methods as measures to replace the goaf and crack spaces in the collapse zone formed by mining with filling bodies, forming an anti-impact structure that coordinates the top control of the goaf filling body, the collapse zone filling rock layer mixture and the surrounding rock.

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