A high-efficiency detonation wave initiation device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of detonation aero-engine, in particular to a detonation wave efficient initiation device which comprises a detonation mechanism, a combustion cabin, a fuel pipe arranged on the outer wall of the combustion cabin and a pre-detonation pipe penetrating through the outer wall of the combustion cabin; an adjusting mechanism which comprises an elastic piece arranged on the inner wall of the pre-detonation pipe, a fixing frame arranged on the end surface of the outer wall of the pre-detonation pipe and a moving assembly; a connecting mechanism which comprises a connecting ring and a connecting column; and a limiting mechanism which comprises a limiting column and a positioning assembly; the adjusting mechanism is arranged to control the displacement adjustment of the elastic piece by the connecting ring, so that the roughness of the inner wall of the pre-detonation pipe is changed, thereby adapting to different application scenarios; after the surface roughness is adjusted, the elastic piece is fixed by the limiting mechanism, the constant roughness is maintained, meanwhile, the pre-detonation pipe is clamped, fixed and limited, and the shaking of the pre-detonation pipe is prevented from affecting the process of the accurate detonation wave initiation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of detonation aero-engine, and particularly relates to a detonation wave efficient initiation device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Detonation refers to the phenomenon that fuel-air mixture rapidly self-ignites and spreads in the form of shock wave in the combustion chamber. The detonation aero-engine is a new type of jet engine, and its principle is based on the detonation combustion process. In the traditional jet engine, fuel is ignited by a spark plug to produce flame combustion, while in the detonation engine, fuel-air mixture rapidly self-ignites in a compressed state and spreads in the form of shock wave.

[0003] The working principle of the detonation aero-engine is similar to that of the internal combustion engine, but unlike the traditional jet engine, it uses the shock wave generated by the detonation process to push the airflow. The basic working process is as follows: compression stage: air is introduced through the air inlet and compressed by the compressor to increase the pressure and temperature of the airflow; combustion stage: in the combustion chamber, fuel and compressed air are mixed and ignited; shock wave propulsion: the shock wave generated by detonation rapidly spreads in the combustion chamber, producing high-pressure and high-temperature shock waves. These shock waves will push the airflow to provide thrust. The detonation engine uses the propagation of shock wave to push the airflow to generate thrust. The design purpose of the detonation aero-engine is to solve some technical problems faced by the traditional jet engine, such as improvement of combustion efficiency, increase of thrust, and saving of fuel, etc. It has the advantages of high thrust and high efficiency, full compression combustion, multi-fuel adaptability, powerful power output, etc.

[0004] The rotary detonation engine mainly consists of a main combustion chamber, a pre-detonation pipeline and a fuel supply system. The main combustion chamber is of a ring structure, and a fuel supply nozzle is arranged above the chamber. The stable incident detonation wave in the pre-detonation pipe directly and quickly ignites the fuel in the ring chamber, and forms secondary detonation in the shortest time. The detonation wave will rotate and propagate around the ring chamber, and the high-temperature and high-pressure products will be discharged to generate thrust. The published prior art research found that the use of weak quasi-detonation wave is more likely to initiate detonation in the combustion chamber. It is also found that stable propagating quasi-detonation wave can be induced in the pipeline containing rough wall surface. The quasi-detonation entering the combustion chamber is more likely to induce detonation, and the required pipeline diameter for forming stable quasi-detonation is smaller.

[0005] The inner wall of the pre-detonation tube in the prior art is generally smooth or polished, so that the roughness of the surface is constant and almost does not change. However, the pre-detonation tube with the optimal roughness required by the detonation engine is different in different application scenarios such as different quality of oil, use environment and pipe thickness. Therefore, the prior art cannot meet the needs of scientific research experiments and commercial applications. In addition, the pre-detonation tube itself will shake during the ignition and initiation of detonation, and needs to be fixed to prevent affecting the alignment of the detonation wave propagation track. SUMMARY

[0006] This section is intended to summarize some aspects of the embodiments of the present application and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the abstract and title of the specification of the present application to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract and the title. Such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present application.

[0007] In view of the above problems, the present application is proposed.

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical solutions: a detonation wave efficient initiation device, comprising a detonation mechanism, including a combustion cabin, a fuel pipe arranged on the outer wall of the combustion cabin and a pre-detonation tube penetrating through the outer wall of the combustion cabin; an adjusting mechanism, including an elastic member arranged on the inner wall of the pre-detonation tube, a fixing frame arranged on the end face of the outer wall of the pre-detonation tube and a moving assembly arranged at one end of the pre-detonation tube; a connecting mechanism, including a connecting ring arranged at one end of the elastic member and a connecting column arranged at the end face of the connecting ring; and a limiting mechanism, including a limiting column arranged at the end face of the fixing frame and a positioning assembly arranged at the end face of the moving assembly.

[0009] As a preferred scheme of the detonation wave efficient initiation device, the moving assembly comprises a first sleeve slidingly arranged on the outer wall of the pre-detonation tube, a second sleeve slidingly arranged on the outer wall of the first sleeve, a third sleeve slidingly arranged on the outer wall of the second sleeve, a first through pipe penetrating through the inside of the third sleeve and a second through pipe penetrating through the inside of the second sleeve, and the outer wall of the third sleeve is further provided with a liquid nozzle, and one end of the first through pipe penetrating to the outside of the third sleeve is connected with the liquid nozzle.

[0010] As a preferred scheme of the detonation wave efficient initiation device, one end face of the first sleeve is connected with the connecting column, the outer wall of the first sleeve is fixedly provided with an end cover, the inner wall of the second sleeve is also fixedly provided with an end cover, and the second sleeve and the first sleeve are connected with each other through the two end covers.

[0011] As a preferred scheme of the detonation wave efficient initiation device, the outer wall of the other end of the second sleeve is also provided with the end cover, the inner wall of one end of the third sleeve is also provided with the end cover, and the second sleeve and the third sleeve are connected with each other through the two end covers.

[0012] As a preferred scheme of the detonation wave efficient initiation device, the end of the third sleeve away from the end cover is provided with a platform, the platform is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the pre-detonation tube, the first through pipe is arranged in the platform, and the liquid nozzle is arranged on the end face of the platform.

[0013] As a preferred scheme of the detonation wave efficient initiation device, the first cavity is arranged between the first sleeve and the second sleeve, the second cavity is arranged between the second sleeve, the pre-detonation tube and the end cover arranged on the outer wall of the first sleeve, the third cavity is arranged between the second sleeve and the third sleeve, the first through pipe is connected with the liquid nozzle and the second cavity, the second through pipe is connected with the first cavity and the third cavity, and the third cavity is connected with the outside through the liquid nozzle.

[0014] As a preferred scheme of the detonation wave efficient initiation device, the connecting column is provided with three and slidably penetrates the pre-detonation tube, the connecting column is provided with a fixing ring, the outer wall of the fixing ring is arranged with fixing rods, and the fixing ring is connected with the limiting column through the fixing rods.

[0015] As a preferred scheme of the detonation wave efficient initiation device, the limiting column comprises an upper limiting column and a lower limiting column, the upper limiting column is movably arranged in the lower limiting column, the upper limiting column is rotatably arranged in the fixing rod through a bearing, and the upper limiting column and the lower limiting column are provided with limiting holes.

[0016] As a preferred scheme of the detonation wave efficient initiation device, the positioning assembly comprises a positioning block arranged on the end face of the platform, a through hole arranged on the outer wall of the positioning block, a positioning column slidably arranged in the inner wall of the through hole, a clamping groove vertically arranged on the outer wall of the positioning block, and a clamping block sleeved on the outer wall of the positioning column.

[0017] As a preferred scheme of the detonation wave efficient initiation device, the positioning column slidably penetrates the limiting hole, and the end face of the positioning column is provided with a handle.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present application: the present application sets up the adjusting mechanism to control the displacement adjustment of the elastic member by the connecting ring, so that the roughness of the inner wall of the pre-detonation tube changes, so as to adapt to different application scenarios; after adjusting the surface roughness, the elastic member is fixed by the limiting mechanism, the constant roughness is maintained, and the pre-detonation tube is clamped and fixed, so as to prevent the shaking from affecting the process of the detonation wave initiation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor. Among them:

[0020] Figure 1 It is the overall appearance of the detonation wave efficient initiation device in the present application.

[0021] Figure 2 It is the internal sectional view of the detonation wave efficient initiation device in the present application.

[0022] Figure 3 It is the internal structure diagram of the connecting mechanism in the present application.

[0023] Figure 4 It is the internal structure diagram of the adjusting mechanism in the present application.

[0024] Figure 5 It is the structure diagram of the limiting mechanism in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0026] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without departing from the connotation of the present application, therefore the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] Secondly, the "one embodiment" or "embodiment" referred to herein means that the specific features, structures or characteristics can be included in at least one implementation of the present application. "In one embodiment" appearing in different places in the specification does not mean the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or selective embodiment that excludes other embodiments.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] Reference Figures 1-4 For the first embodiment of the present application, the embodiment provides a detonation wave efficient initiation device, specifically, including detonation mechanism 100, adjusting mechanism 200, connecting mechanism 300 and limiting mechanism 400, by setting adjusting mechanism 200 to control the displacement adjustment of the connecting ring to the elastic element 201, so that the roughness of the inner wall of the pre-detonation tube 103 changes.

[0030] Specifically, the detonation wave efficient initiation device, including, detonation mechanism 100, including combustion chamber 101, fuel pipe 102 provided on the outer wall of the combustion chamber 101 and pre-detonation tube 103 provided through the outer wall of the combustion chamber 101; and, adjusting mechanism 200, including elastic element 201 provided on the inner wall of the pre-detonation tube 103, fixed frame 202 provided on the end surface of the outer wall of the pre-detonation tube 103 and moving assembly 203 provided on one end of the pre-detonation tube 103; and, connecting mechanism 300, including connecting ring 301 provided on one end of the elastic element 201 and connecting column 302 provided on the end surface of the connecting ring 301; and, limiting mechanism 400, including limiting column 401 provided on the end surface of the fixed frame 202 and positioning assembly 402 provided on the end surface of the moving assembly 203.

[0031] Among them, the moving assembly 203 includes the first sleeve 203a slidingly provided on the outer wall of the pre-detonation tube 103, the second sleeve 203b slidingly provided on the outer wall of the first sleeve 203a, the third sleeve 203c slidingly provided on the outer wall of the second sleeve 203b, the first through pipe 203c-1 provided through the inside of the third sleeve 203c and the second through pipe 203b-1 provided through the inside of the second sleeve 203b, The outer wall of the third sleeve 203c is also provided with a liquid nozzle 203c-2, and one end of the first through pipe 203c-1 penetrating to the outside of the third sleeve 203c is connected with the liquid nozzle 203c-2.

[0032] Preferably, one end surface of the first sleeve 203a is connected with the connecting column 302, and the outer wall of the first sleeve 203a is fixedly provided with an end cap 203e, and the inner wall of the second sleeve 203b is also fixedly provided with an end cap 203e, and the second sleeve 203b and the first sleeve 203a are connected with each other by sliding through the two end caps 203e.

[0033] More preferably, the other end of the second sleeve 203b is also provided with an end cap 203e, and the inner wall of one end of the third sleeve 203c is also provided with an end cap 203e, and the second sleeve 203b and the third sleeve 203c are connected with each other by sliding through the two end caps 203e.

[0034] Furthermore, a platform 203c-3 is provided at the end of the third sleeve 203c away from the end cap 203e. The platform 203c-3 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the pre-detonation tube 103 and the first through pipe 203c-1 is provided inside the platform 203c-3. The liquid nozzle 203c-2 is provided on the end face of the platform 203c-3.

[0035] Furthermore, a first cavity 203f-1 is provided between the first sleeve 203a and the second sleeve 203b, a second cavity 203f-2 is provided between the second sleeve 203b, the pre-detonation tube 103 and the end cap 203e located on the outer wall of the first sleeve 203a, and a third cavity 203f-3 is provided between the second sleeve 203b and the third sleeve 203c. The two ends of the first through pipe 203c-1 are respectively connected to the liquid nozzle 203c-2 and the second cavity 203f-2, and the second through pipe 203b-1 is respectively connected to the first cavity 203f-1 and the third cavity 203f-3. The third cavity 203f-3 is connected to the outside through the liquid nozzle 203c-2.

[0036] Furthermore, the combustion chamber 101 and fuel pipe 102 are both existing technologies. The elastic element 201 is a flat spiral ceramic spring to meet the working environment of high temperature and high pressure. The outer ring of the elastic element 201 is in close contact with the inner wall of the pre-detonation tube 103 and the elastic element 201 can slide on the inner wall of the pre-detonation tube 103. The elastic element 201 is in a compressed state when it is not under force. The two ends of the elastic element 201 are fixedly connected to the inside of the pre-detonation tube 103 and the end face of the connecting ring 301, respectively.

[0037] Furthermore, the first sleeve 203a, the second sleeve 203b, and the third sleeve 203c are sealed and leak-proof with the pre-detonation tube 103 to prevent air leakage and pressure loss inside the cavity. There are two liquid nozzles 203c-2, which are respectively sealed and connected to two hydraulic oil pumps. The platform 203c-3 is initially close to the fixed frame 202. There are three connecting columns 302, all of which slide through the pre-detonation tube 103.

[0038] In summary, in use, fuel enters the combustion chamber 101 through the fuel pipe 102, and is rapidly ignited by the quasi-detonation wave generated in the pre-detonation tube 103 and incident into the combustion chamber 101, forming a detonation phenomenon; when it is necessary to change the roughness of the inner wall of the pre-detonation tube 103, hydraulic oil is injected into the liquid nozzle 203c-2 located at the end face of the platform 203c-3, and the hydraulic oil enters the second chamber 203f-2 along the first through pipe 203c-1; as the hydraulic oil in the second chamber 203f-2 continues to enter, the hydraulic oil pushes the first sleeve 203e to move outward, at this time, the connecting column 302 connected to the second sleeve 203b drives the connecting ring 301 to move, because one end of the elastic member 201 is fixed, the elastic member 201 will be stretched from the initial compressed state, and gaps will be generated between adjacent spring coils of the elastic member 201, thereby increasing the roughness of the inner wall of the pre-detonation tube 103; when the end covers 203e of the first sleeve 203a and the second sleeve 203b are in contact with each other, the second sleeve 203b will be driven to move outward, thereby further increasing the roughness of the inner wall of the pre-detonation tube 103; when it is necessary to reduce the roughness, hydraulic oil is injected from the liquid nozzle 203c-2 of the third sleeve 203c, and the other liquid nozzle 203c-2 is connected to air; at this time, as the hydraulic oil entering the third chamber 203f-3 and the first chamber 203f-1 along the second through pipe 203b-1 increases, the first sleeve 203a and the second sleeve 203b retract and drive the elastic member 201 to retract, thereby reducing the roughness of the inner wall of the pre-detonation tube 103, so that a stable propagating quasi-detonation wave can be induced in the pipeline with such a rough wall, and then by continuously changing the roughness of the inner wall of the pipeline, the propagation of the quasi-detonation wave can be adjusted, thereby more efficiently initiating a detonation wave in an open space.

[0039] Embodiment 2

[0040] With reference to Figures 1-4 For the second embodiment of the application, the embodiment is based on the previous embodiment, except that the connecting column 302 can be fixed by the fixing ring 302a, so as to reduce shaking and shaking when generating a quasi-detonation.

[0041] Specifically, the connecting column 302 is provided with three connecting columns and is slidably penetrated through the pre-detonation tube 103, the connecting column 302 is provided with a fixing ring 302a outside, the fixing ring 302a is arrayed with a fixing rod 302b on the outer wall, and the fixing ring 302a is connected with the limiting column 401 through the fixing rod 302b.

[0042] The limiting column 401 comprises an upper limiting column 401a and a lower limiting column 401b, the upper limiting column 401a is movably arranged in the lower limiting column 401b, and the upper limiting column 401a is rotatably arranged in the fixed rod 302b through a bearing, and the upper limiting column 401a and the lower limiting column 401b are both provided with a limiting hole 401c.

[0043] Preferably, the upper limiting column 401a is rotatably arranged in the lower limiting column 401b through a thread, and the other end of the lower limiting column 401b is fixedly arranged on the end face of the fixed frame 202, and the limiting column 401 has three sets, which are circumferentially arranged on the circumference of the fixed ring 302a, and the fixed ring 302a is provided with three fixed rods 302b, and the three fixed rods 302b are connected with the three limiting columns 401 respectively.

[0044] More preferably, the upper limiting column 401a and the lower limiting column 401b are both cylindrical, and the axis of the lower limiting column 401b coincides with that of the upper limiting column 401a, the fixed ring 302a is annular, and the inner wall of the fixed ring 302a does not directly contact the pre-ignition tube 103, and the outer diameter of the fixed ring 302a is greater than the diameter of the pre-ignition tube 103, so as to limit the elongation length of the elastic member 201.

[0045] Further, the lower limiting column 401b and the fixed frame 202 are fixed to the ground at the same time, so as to fix the outer wall of the pre-ignition tube 103 through the fixed frame 202 and the fixed rod 302b connected therewith.

[0046] In summary, when the roughness of the inner wall of the pre-ignition tube 103 is adjusted, if it is necessary to continue to fine-tune the elastic member 201, the three upper limiting columns 401a can be rotated, and since the upper limiting column 401a and the lower limiting column 401b are connected through a thread, the upper limiting column 401a is rotated and upwardly displaced at the same time, and the fixed ring 302a and the fixed rod 302b connected therewith are driven to move, and finally the connecting column 302 connected with the fixed rod 302b is displaced, so that the elastic member 201 is slightly moved; after the adjustment is completed, since the thread connection between the upper limiting column 401a and the lower limiting column 401b is self-locking, the fixed ring 302a is fixed, so as to prevent the pre-ignition tube 103 from shaking and vibrating greatly during operation.

[0047] Embodiment 3

[0048] Reference Figures 1-5 For the third embodiment of the application, which is based on the previous embodiment, the difference is that the positioning assembly 402 can adjust the extension length of the elastic member 201 according to a fixed value, so as to improve the adjustment accuracy and range of the roughness of the inner wall of the pre-ignition tube 103, and continuously adjust the detonation wave to obtain the best initiation effect.

[0049] Specifically, the positioning assembly 402 comprises a positioning block 402a arranged at the end face of the platform 203c-3, a through hole 402a-1 arranged through the outer wall of the positioning block 402a, a positioning column 402a-2 slidingly arranged in the inner wall of the through hole 402a-1, a clamping groove 402b arranged vertically on the outer wall of the positioning block 402a, and a clamping block 402c sleeved on the outer wall of the positioning column 402a-2.

[0050] The positioning column 402a-2 slidingly penetrates the limiting hole 401c, and the end face of the positioning column 402a-2 is provided with a handle 402a-3.

[0051] Preferably, the limiting column 401 is fixedly arranged at the end face of the fixed frame 202, the upper limiting column 401a is slidingly arranged inside the lower limiting column 401b, the clamping block 402c is embedded with the clamping groove 402b, and the positioning column 402a-2 is slidingly embedded in the limiting hole 401c.

[0052] More preferably, the positioning assembly 402 has three sets and is arranged in a circumferential array on the circumference of the platform 203c-3, the limiting hole 401c has 20 and is arranged along the axis direction of the limiting column 401, and the spacing between each limiting hole 401c is 10 mm.

[0053] Further, when the clamping block 402c is not embedded with the clamping groove 402b, that is, the lower end face of the clamping block 402c directly abuts the outer wall of the positioning block 402a, the length of the positioning column 402a-2 is just enough to penetrate the through hole 402a-1 and the limiting hole 401c of the lower limiting column 401b, and at this time the positioning column 402a-2 does not contact the limiting hole 401c of the upper limiting column 401a, and the upper limiting column 401a can be freely slidingly arranged inside the lower limiting column 401b.

[0054] In summary, in use, the positioning column 402a-2 is first pulled out, and the lower end face of the clamping block 402c directly abuts the outer wall of the positioning block 402a, at this time the upper limiting column 401a can be freely moved, and the elastic member 201 can also be freely stretched and contracted, so as to change the roughness of the inner wall of the pre-detonation tube 103; after the setting is completed, the positioning column 402a-2 is pushed to align with different limiting holes 401c, and the positioning column 402a-2 is rotated to make the clamping block 402c embedded with the clamping groove 402b, at this time the positioning column penetrates the through hole 402a-1 and the two limiting holes 401c, so that the two limiting columns 401 are fixed at the same time to realize the effect of fixing the length of the elastic member 201 to be elongated, so as to make the adjustment of the roughness of the inner wall of the pre-detonation tube 103 better quantized, adapt to different application scenarios, and obtain the best detonation wave initiation effect.

[0055] It is important to note that the construction and arrangement of the application shown in the various exemplary embodiments is illustrative only. Although only a few embodiments have been described in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the art who review the present disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications can be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, for example, variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters, mounting arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, locations, and the like. For example, the position of elements can be reversed or otherwise varied, and the nature or number of elements can be altered or varied. Thus, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present application. The order or sequence of any process or method steps can be varied or re-sequenced without departing from the spirit of the application. Any "apparatus" or "device" or "structure" described herein can be embodied in many different forms and a "means" for performing an operation described herein can be implemented in many different ways. In the claims, any means-plus-function clause is intended to cover the structures described herein as performing the recited function and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions can be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present application as expressed in the appended claims. Accordingly, the present application is not limited to the particular embodiments described but extends to the claims.

[0056] Also, for purposes of brevity of description, it is not the intention of the

[0057] It is understood that in the development of any actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions can be made. Such development efforts might be complex and time-consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking for those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure.

[0058] It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application but not limit the present application, and although the present application is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or equivalent replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and all should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency detonation wave initiation device, characterized in that: include, The detonation mechanism (100) includes a combustion chamber (101), a fuel pipe (102) disposed on the outer wall of the combustion chamber (101), and a pre-detonation pipe (103) penetrating the outer wall of the combustion chamber (101); and, The adjustment mechanism (200) includes an elastic member (201) disposed on the inner wall of the pre-detonation tube (103), a fixing frame (202) disposed on the end face of the outer wall of the pre-detonation tube (103), and a moving component (203) disposed at one end of the pre-detonation tube (103); and, The connecting mechanism (300) includes a connecting ring (301) disposed at one end of the elastic member (201) and a connecting post (302) disposed at the end face of the connecting ring (301); and, The limiting mechanism (400) includes a limiting post (401) disposed on the end face of the fixed frame (202) and a positioning component (402) disposed on the end face of the moving component (203). The moving component (203) includes a first sleeve (203a) slidably disposed on the outer wall of the pre-detonation tube (103), a second sleeve (203b) slidably disposed on the outer wall of the first sleeve (203a), a third sleeve (203c) slidably disposed on the outer wall of the second sleeve (203b), a first through pipe (203c-1) penetrating inside the third sleeve (203c), and a second through pipe (203b-1) penetrating inside the second sleeve (203b). The outer wall of the third sleeve (203c) is also provided with a first liquid nozzle, and one end of the first through pipe (203c-1) penetrating to the outside of the third sleeve (203c) is connected to the first liquid nozzle. One end face of the first sleeve (203a) is connected to the connecting post (302). An end cap (203e) is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the first sleeve (203a). An end cap (203e) is also fixedly provided on the inner wall of the second sleeve (203b). The second sleeve (203b) and the first sleeve (203a) are slidably connected to each other through the two end caps (203e). The third sleeve (203c) has a platform (203c-3) at the end away from the end cap (203e). The platform (203c-3) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the pre-detonation tube (103), and the first through pipe (203c-1) is inserted through the inside of the platform (203c-3). The second liquid nozzle is located on the end face of the platform (203c-3). The elastic element (201) is a flat spiral ceramic spring. The outer ring of the elastic element (201) is in contact with the inner wall of the pre-detonation tube (103) and the elastic element (201) can slide on the inner wall of the pre-detonation tube (103). The elastic element (201) is in a compressed state when it is not under force. The two ends of the elastic element (201) are fixedly connected to the inside of the pre-detonation tube (103) and the end face of the connecting ring (301), respectively. When it is necessary to change the roughness of the inner wall of the pre-detonation tube (103), hydraulic oil is injected into the second nozzle located on the end face of the platform (203c-3). The hydraulic oil pushes the first sleeve (203a) to move outward, and the elastic element (201) will be stretched from the initial compressed state. A gap will be generated between each adjacent spring coil of the elastic element (201), thereby increasing the roughness of the inner wall of the pre-detonation tube (103). When it is necessary to reduce the roughness, hydraulic oil is injected from the first nozzle located in the third sleeve (203c). The first sleeve (203a) and the second sleeve (203b) retract and move, which in turn causes the elastic element (201) to retract, thereby reducing the roughness of the inner wall of the pre-detonation tube (103).

2. The high-efficiency detonation wave initiation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The second sleeve (203b) is also provided with the end cap (203e) on the outer wall of the other end, and the third sleeve (203c) is also provided with the end cap (203e) on the inner wall of one end. The second sleeve (203b) and the third sleeve (203c) are slidably connected to each other through the two end caps (203e).

3. The high-efficiency detonation wave initiation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A first cavity (203f-1) is provided between the first sleeve (203a) and the second sleeve (203b). A second cavity (203f-2) is provided between the second sleeve (203b), the pre-detonation tube (103), and the end cap (203e) provided on the outer wall of the first sleeve (203a). A third cavity (203f-3) is provided between the second sleeve (203b) and the third sleeve (203c). The two ends of the first through pipe (203c-1) are respectively connected to the second liquid nozzle and the second cavity (203f-2). The second through pipe (203b-1) is respectively connected to the first cavity (203f-1) and the third cavity (203f-3). The third cavity (203f-3) is connected to the outside through the first liquid nozzle.

4. The high-efficiency detonation wave initiation device as described in claim 3, characterized in that: There are three connecting columns (302) that slide through the pre-detonation tube (103). A fixing ring (302a) is provided on the outside of the connecting column (302). The fixing ring (302a) has an array of fixing rods (302b) on its outer wall. The fixing ring (302a) is connected to the limiting column (401) through the fixing rods (302b).

5. The high-efficiency detonation wave initiation device as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting post (401) includes an upper limiting post (401a) and a lower limiting post (401b). The upper limiting post (401a) is movably disposed inside the lower limiting post (401b), and the upper limiting post (401a) is rotatably disposed inside the fixed rod (302b) through a bearing. Both the upper limiting post (401a) and the lower limiting post (401b) are provided with limiting holes (401c).

6. The high-efficiency detonation wave initiation device as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The positioning component (402) includes a positioning block (402a) disposed on the end face of the platform (203c-3), a through hole (402a-1) penetrating the outer wall of the positioning block (402a), a positioning post (402a-2) slidably disposed on the inner wall of the through hole (402a-1), a slot (402b) perpendicularly disposed on the outer wall of the positioning block (402a), and a locking block (402c) sleeved on the outer wall of the positioning post (402a-2).

7. The high-efficiency detonation wave initiation device as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The positioning post (402a-2) slides through the limiting hole (401c), and the end face of the positioning post (402a-2) is provided with a handle (402a-3).

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