A mudstone stratum shield tunnel over-excavation cutter oil cylinder and a method of using the same

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of mudstone stratum shield tunnel overbreak cutter oil cylinder and its using method, including protection mechanism, rotating mechanism, supporting mechanism, mounting mechanism, cleaning mechanism and overbreak cutter mechanism, the protection mechanism includes outer cylinder, the outer cylinder top is fixedly connected with cylinder cover, the inner cylinder is arranged in the outer cylinder, the bottom of the inner cylinder is provided with bottom cover, the upper end of the outer cylinder inside is fixedly connected with support ring, is installed by rotating limiting plate and connecting stud, cutter and positioning hole will be through square positioning block and positioning column snap connection to the side of overbreak cutter body and the side of limiting plate, and utilize bolt to fix overbreak cutter body, limiting plate, cutter and cover plate, in turn, the advantage of quick installation can be realized, when needing disassembly maintenance, just need to unscrew the bolt between the connecting components needed to be maintained, so that the cutter oil cylinder has the advantages of good connection stability and convenient disassembly during use.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of shield machine equipment, in particular to a mudstone stratum shield tunnel overbreak cutter oil cylinder and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The shield machine is a tunnel boring machine using the shield method. The shield construction method is that the tunneling machine constructs (lays) the "shield" (referring to the supporting segment) while tunneling, which is different from the open construction method. In the international community, the broad sense of shield machine can also be used in rock strata, but it is different from the open (non-shield method) tunnel boring machine. In China, the tunnel boring machine used in soft soil strata is usually called (narrow sense) shield machine, and the one used in rock strata is called (narrow sense) TBM. According to the working principle, the shield machine is generally divided into hand-operated shield, extrusion shield, semi-mechanical shield (local air pressure, overall air pressure), mechanical shield (open chest type cutting shield, air pressure type shield, mud pressure shield, earth pressure balance shield, hybrid shield, and special-shaped shield).

[0003] The overbreak cutter oil cylinder is a special device of the shield machine, and its reliability and durability are required to be high. Because of the particularity of its structure, it needs to bear a large torque and eccentric load during use. The traditional structure is usually split, which is heavy, complex to manufacture, not easy to repair, poor in sealing, and has a small range of torque and eccentric load that can be carried. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a mudstone stratum shield tunnel overbreak cutter oil cylinder and a use method thereof to solve the problems in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a mudstone stratum shield tunnel overbreak cutter oil cylinder, comprising a protection mechanism, a rotating mechanism, a supporting mechanism, a mounting mechanism, a cleaning mechanism and an overbreak cutter mechanism:

[0006] The protection mechanism comprises an outer cylinder, a cylinder cover is fixedly connected to the top of the outer cylinder, an inner cylinder is arranged inside the outer cylinder, a bottom cover is arranged at the bottom of the inner cylinder, a supporting ring is fixedly connected to the upper end inside the outer cylinder, a lubricating oil groove is arranged at the lower end inside the outer cylinder, and oil pipes are fixedly connected to the lower end of the outer cylinder in a symmetrical manner;

[0007] The supporting mechanism comprises a hydraulic oil cylinder, a guide column is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic oil cylinder, a limiting ring is fixedly connected to the lower end of the outer side of the guide column, a connecting plate is arranged at the top of the guide column, and an oil injection pipe connector is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hydraulic oil cylinder;

[0008] The mounting mechanism comprises an inclined seat, a support seat fixedly connected to the top of the inclined seat, and a positioning cylinder fixedly connected to the top of the support seat, wherein an overcutting knife mechanism is arranged in the positioning cylinder.

[0009] The overcutting knife mechanism comprises an overcutting knife body, a limiting plate arranged at one end of the overcutting knife body, a connecting stud fixedly connected to the other end of the limiting plate, square positioning blocks fixedly connected to the other end of the overcutting knife body and one end of the limiting plate, positioning columns arranged at the upper and lower ends of the square positioning blocks, a cutter arranged at one end of the square positioning blocks, a positioning hole arranged in the cutter, and a cover plate arranged at one end of the cutter.

[0010] Preferably, oil infiltration holes are arranged in the inner cylinder in a circular shape, the bottom cover is fixedly connected to the inner cylinder by bolts, and the oil delivery pipe and the lubricating oil groove are connected in communication.

[0011] Preferably, the rotating mechanism comprises a bracket fixedly connected to the output end of a rotating motor at the bottom of the bracket, and ear plates fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating motor on the side thereof.

[0012] Preferably, the bracket is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom cover, and the rotating motor and the ear plates are arranged in the interior of the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine.

[0013] Preferably, waterproof and dustproof sealing rings and shaft sealing rings are fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, the hydraulic oil cylinder is located in the interior of the inner cylinder and at the top of the bottom cover, the oil injection pipe connector is clampedly connected to the interior of the bottom cover, the guide column is slidably connected to the inner cylinder through a limiting ring, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the guide column by bolts.

[0015] Preferably, the inclined seat is fixedly connected to the connecting plate by bolts, the positioning cylinder has a hollow structure, and the positioning cylinder and the overcutting knife body are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0016] Preferably, the limiting plate is threadedly connected to the overcutting knife body by the connecting stud, the positioning columns are respectively fixedly connected to the other end of the overcutting knife body and one end of the limiting plate, the cutter and the positioning hole are clampedly connected to the positioning columns through the square positioning blocks, the cover plate is fixedly connected to the positioning columns and the square positioning blocks by bolts, and the overcutting knife body, the limiting plate, and the cover plate are provided with screwing ends at both ends thereof.

[0017] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism comprises an L-shaped fixed plate, the upper end of one side of the L-shaped fixed plate is fixedly connected with a cleaning brush, the L-shaped fixed plate and the cleaning brush are symmetrically arranged at the lower end of the two sides of the cutter, the cleaning brush is attached to the outside of the cutter, one side of the top of the inclined seat is fixedly connected with a high-pressure nozzle, the high-pressure nozzle is located between the two L-shaped fixed plates, the bottom of the high-pressure nozzle is fixedly connected with a shunt pipe, one end of the shunt pipe is fixedly connected with a water injection pipe, and the shunt pipe and the water injection pipe are located inside the inclined seat.

[0018] A method for using a shield tunnel overbreak cutter oil cylinder in a mudstone stratum, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Step one: first, during the installation of the mudstone stratum shield tunnel overbreak cutter oil cylinder, install the inner cylinder to the inside of the outer cylinder, then install the hydraulic oil cylinder and guide column provided in the supporting mechanism to the inside of the inner cylinder, further install the connecting plate to the top of the inner cylinder, fix the connecting plate and the connecting plate with bolts, and install the bottom cover to the bottom of the inner cylinder, which can quickly install the supporting mechanism to the inside of the inner cylinder, then install the installation mechanism and the overbreak cutter mechanism to the top of the connecting plate, install the inclined seat to the top of the connecting plate with bolts, and engage the overbreak cutter body provided in the overbreak cutter mechanism to the inside of the positioning cylinder, fix the overbreak cutter body and the positioning cylinder with bolts to achieve the effect of positioning and fixing, at the same time, install by rotating the limiting plate and the connecting stud, the cutter and the positioning hole will be engaged and connected to one side of the overbreak cutter body and one side of the limiting plate through the square positioning block and the positioning column, and the overbreak cutter body, the limiting plate, the cutter and the cover plate are fixed with bolts, so that the advantage of quick installation can be achieved, and when disassembly and maintenance are needed, only the bolts between the connected parts need to be unscrewed, so that the cutter oil cylinder has the advantages of good connection stability and easy disassembly during use;

[0020] Step two: after the installation of the overbreak cutter oil cylinder, the shaft sealing ring and the waterproof dust sealing ring provided between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder can achieve good sealing and isolation effect, then the external lubricating oil liquid is injected into the inside of the lubricating oil tank through the oil delivery pipe, the lubricating oil liquid will penetrate through the gap between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder to increase the connection smoothness between the two, so as to avoid the phenomenon of jamming of the overbreak cutter oil cylinder during the mudstone stratum shield, and the lubricating oil liquid will also enter the inside of the inner cylinder through the oil permeation hole provided in the inside of the inner cylinder to increase the smoothness of the supporting mechanism during supporting, advancing or retracting the overbreak cutter mechanism, so that the overbreak cutter mechanism can better contact the mudstone stratum tunnel, thereby increasing the shield efficiency;

[0021] Step three: during the tunneling of the mudstone stratum tunnel by the cutter head of the shield device, the rotating mechanism is driven to rotate by the rotating motor provided therein, so that the support bracket, the inner cylinder and the overbreak cutter mechanism are rotated, and the overbreak cutter mechanism is adjusted in the circumferential angle due to the inclined seat being inclined, so that the shield efficiency of the mudstone stratum tunnel is further improved, and during the tunneling of the mudstone tunnel by the overbreak cutter mechanism, the water outside is delivered to the shunt pipe through the water injection pipe, and then the water is delivered to the high-pressure spray head through the shunt pipe for spraying, the high-pressure spray head sprays water to the surface of the cutter, so that the cleaning effect is achieved, and the surface of the cutter is scraped by the cleaning brush provided at the lower end of the cutter on both sides, so that the surface cleanliness of the cutter is effectively improved under the cooperation of the high-pressure spray head and the cleaning brush.

[0022] The present application has at least the following advantages:

[0023] 1、The present application is used, in the process of installing the overbreak cutter oil cylinder of the mudstone stratum shield tunnel, the inner cylinder is installed in the inner part of the outer cylinder, the hydraulic oil cylinder and the guide column provided in the support mechanism are installed in the inner part of the inner cylinder, the connecting plate is installed on the top of the inner cylinder, the connecting plate and the connecting plate are fixed by bolts, and the bottom cover is installed on the bottom of the inner cylinder, so that the support mechanism can be quickly installed in the inner part of the inner cylinder, then the installation mechanism and the overbreak cutter mechanism are installed on the top of the connecting plate, the inclined seat is installed on the top of the connecting plate by bolts, the overbreak cutter body provided in the overbreak cutter mechanism is clamped into the inner part of the positioning cylinder, the overbreak cutter body and the positioning cylinder are fixed by bolts, so as to achieve the effect of positioning and fixing, and the cutter and the positioning hole are clamped and connected to one side of the overbreak cutter body and one side of the limiting plate through the square positioning block and the positioning column, and the overbreak cutter body, the limiting plate, the cutter and the cover plate are fixed by bolts, so as to realize the advantage of quick installation, and when disassembly and maintenance are needed, only the bolts between the connecting parts need to be unscrewed, so that the overbreak cutter oil cylinder has the advantages of good connection stability and convenient disassembly during use.

[0024] 2、The present application is provided with a shaft sealing ring and a waterproof dust sealing ring, which can provide good sealing and isolation effect.

[0025] 3、The present application is provided with a rotating mechanism, which is driven to rotate by the rotating motor provided therein, so that the support bracket, the inner cylinder and the overbreak cutter mechanism are rotated, and the overbreak cutter mechanism is adjusted in the circumferential angle due to the inclined seat being inclined, so that the shield efficiency of the mudstone stratum tunnel is further improved.

[0026] 4. The cleaning mechanism is arranged, during the over-excavation cutter mechanism of the mudstone tunnel shield, water is transported into the shunt pipe from the outside water body through the water injection pipe, and then the water body is transported into the high-pressure spray head for spraying through the shunt pipe, the high-pressure spray head sprays the water body to the surface of the cutter, and the cleaning effect is achieved, and the cleaning brush arranged at the lower end of the cutter on both sides is used to scrape the surface of the cutter, so that the surface cleanliness of the cutter can be effectively improved under the cooperation of the high-pressure spray head and the cleaning brush. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the shaft side structure of one side of the application;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic view of the shaft side structure of the other side of the application;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of the supporting mechanism of the application;

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the inner cylinder of the application;

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the cover plate of the application;

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the cleaning mechanism of the application;

[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the installation mechanism of the application;

[0034] Figure 8 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of the over-excavation cutter mechanism of the application;

[0035] Figure 9 is a schematic view of the explosion structure of the over-excavation cutter of the application;

[0036] Figure 10 is a schematic view of the explosion structure of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder of the application.

[0037] In the figure: protection mechanism 1, outer cylinder 101, cylinder cover 102, inner cylinder 103, oil seepage hole 104, bottom cover 105, support ring 106, oil delivery pipe 107, lubricating oil groove 108, rotating mechanism 2, support 201, rotating motor 202, lug plate 203, shaft sealing ring 3, waterproof dust sealing ring 4, support mechanism 5, hydraulic oil cylinder 501, oil injection pipe connector 502, guide column 503, limiting ring 504, connecting plate 505, mounting mechanism 6, inclined seat 601, support seat 602, positioning cylinder 603, cleaning mechanism 7, L-shaped fixed plate 701, cleaning brush 702, high-pressure spray head 703, shunt pipe 704, water injection pipe 705, overbreak cutter mechanism 8, overbreak cutter body 801, limiting plate 802, connecting stud 803, positioning column 804, square positioning block 805, cutter 806, positioning hole 807, cover plate 808, screw end 809. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] Please refer to Figures 1-10

[0040] Embodiment one

[0041] 1. A mudstone stratum shield tunnel overbreak cutter oil cylinder, comprising a protection mechanism 1, a rotating mechanism 2, a support mechanism 5, a mounting mechanism 6, a cleaning mechanism 7 and an overbreak cutter mechanism 8:

[0042] The protection mechanism 1 comprises an outer cylinder 101, the top of the outer cylinder 101 is fixedly connected with a cylinder cover 102, the inside of the outer cylinder 101 is provided with an inner cylinder 103, the bottom of the inner cylinder 103 is provided with a bottom cover 105, the upper end inside the outer cylinder 101 is fixedly connected with a support ring 106, the lower end inside the outer cylinder 101 is provided with a lubricating oil groove 108, and the lower end outside the outer cylinder 101 is fixedly connected with an oil delivery pipe 107 in a symmetrical manner;

[0043] The support mechanism 5 comprises a hydraulic oil cylinder 501, the output end of the hydraulic oil cylinder 501 is fixedly connected with a guide column 503, the lower end outside the guide column 503 is fixedly connected with a limiting ring 504, the top of the guide column 503 is provided with a connecting plate 505, the bottom of the hydraulic oil cylinder 501 is fixedly connected with an oil injection pipe connector 502, and the connecting plate 505 is arranged at the top of the inner cylinder 103;

[0044] The mounting mechanism 6 comprises an inclined seat 601, the top of which is fixedly connected with a supporting seat 602, the top of which is fixedly connected with a positioning cylinder 603, the inside of which is provided with the over-excavation cutter mechanism 8.

[0045] The over-excavation cutter mechanism 8 comprises an over-excavation cutter body 801, one end of which is provided with a limiting plate 802, the other end of which is fixedly connected with a connecting stud 803, and the other end of the over-excavation cutter body 801 and one end of the limiting plate 802 are both fixedly connected with square positioning blocks 805, the upper and lower ends of which are both provided with positioning columns 804, one end of the square positioning block 805 is provided with a cutter 806, the inside of which is provided with a positioning hole 807, and one end of the cutter 806 is provided with a cover plate 808.

[0046] Specific implementation process: install the inner cylinder 103 to the inside of the outer cylinder 101, then install the hydraulic oil cylinder 501 and the guide column 503 provided in the supporting mechanism 5 to the inside of the inner cylinder 103, then install the connecting plate 505 to the top of the inner cylinder 103, fix the connecting plate 505 and the connecting plate 505 by bolts, and install the bottom cover 105 to the bottom of the inner cylinder 103, which can quickly install the supporting mechanism 5 to the inside of the inner cylinder 103, then install the mounting mechanism 6 and the over-excavation cutter mechanism 8 to the top of the connecting plate 505, install the inclined seat 601 to the top of the connecting plate 505 by bolts, and engage the over-excavation cutter body 801 provided in the over-excavation cutter mechanism 8 to the inside of the positioning cylinder 603, fix the over-excavation cutter body 801 and the positioning cylinder 603 by bolts to achieve the effect of positioning and fixing, at the same time, install the limiting plate 802 and the connecting stud 803 by rotating, the cutter 806 and the positioning hole 807 are engaged and connected to one side of the over-excavation cutter body 801 and one side of the limiting plate 802 through the square positioning block 805 and the positioning column 804, and the over-excavation cutter body 801, the limiting plate 802, the cutter 806 and the cover plate 808 are fixed by bolts, thereby realizing the advantage of quick installation, when disassembly and maintenance are needed, only the bolts between the connecting parts need to be unscrewed, thereby the over-excavation cutter oil cylinder has the advantages of good connection stability and convenient disassembly and assembly during use.

[0047] A use method of a mudstone stratum shield tunnel over-excavation cutter oil cylinder, comprising the following steps:

[0048] Step one: first in the mudstone formation shield tunnel overbreak knife oil cylinder installation process, the inner cylinder 103 is installed to the inside of the outer cylinder 101, the hydraulic oil cylinder 501 and the guide column 503 provided in the supporting mechanism 5 are installed to the inside of the inner cylinder 103, the connecting plate 505 is installed to the top of the inner cylinder 103, the connecting plate 505 and the connecting plate 505 are fixed by bolts, and the bottom cover 105 is installed to the bottom of the inner cylinder 103, which can quickly install the supporting mechanism 5 to the inside of the inner cylinder 103, then the installation mechanism 6 and the overbreak knife mechanism 8 are installed to the top of the connecting plate 505, the inclined seat 601 is installed to the top of the connecting plate 505 by bolts, and the overbreak knife body 801 provided in the overbreak knife mechanism 8 is engaged to the inside of the positioning cylinder 603, the overbreak knife body 801 and the positioning cylinder 603 are fixed by bolts to achieve the effect of positioning and fixing, at the same time, the limiting plate 802 and the connecting stud 803 are installed by rotating, the cutter 806 and the positioning hole 807 are engaged and connected to one side of the overbreak knife body 801 and one side of the limiting plate 802 through the square positioning block 805 and the positioning column 804, and the overbreak knife body 801, the limiting plate 802, the cutter 806 and the cover plate 808 are fixed by bolts, so that the advantage of quick installation can be realized, when disassembly and maintenance are needed, only the bolts between the connecting parts need to be unscrewed, so that the overbreak knife oil cylinder has the advantages of good connection stability and convenient disassembly during use;

[0049] Step two: after the overbreak knife oil cylinder is installed, the shaft sealing ring 3 and the waterproof dust sealing ring 4 provided between the outer cylinder 101 and the inner cylinder 103 can achieve good sealing and isolation effect, then the external lubricating oil liquid is injected into the lubricating oil groove 108 by the oil pipe 107, the lubricating oil liquid penetrates between the outer cylinder 101 and the inner cylinder 103, so as to increase the connection fluency between the two, so as to avoid the phenomenon of jamming of the overbreak knife oil cylinder during the mudstone formation shield, and the lubricating oil liquid also enters the inside of the inner cylinder 103 through the oil permeation hole 104 provided in the inside of the inner cylinder 103, so as to increase the fluency of the supporting mechanism 5 during supporting, advancing or retracting the overbreak knife mechanism 8, so that the overbreak knife mechanism 8 can better contact the mudstone formation tunnel, thereby increasing the shield efficiency;

[0050] Step three: during the tunneling of the mudstone stratum tunnel by the cutter head of the shield device, the rotating mechanism 2 is driven by the rotating motor 202 to rotate the support 201, and then the inner cylinder 103 and the overbreak cutter mechanism 8 are rotated. Since the inclined seat 601 is inclined, the overbreak cutter mechanism 8 can be adjusted in the circumferential angle under the driving of the rotating motor 202, thereby further improving the tunneling efficiency of the mudstone stratum tunnel. During the tunneling of the mudstone tunnel by the overbreak cutter mechanism 8, the water outside is delivered to the shunt pipe 704 through the water injection pipe 705, and then the water is delivered to the high-pressure spray head 703 through the shunt pipe 704 for spraying. The high-pressure spray head 703 sprays water to the surface of the cutter 806 to achieve the cleaning effect. At the same time, the cleaning brush 702 provided at the lower end of the cutter 806 on both sides is used to scrape the surface of the cutter 806, so that the surface cleanliness of the cutter 806 can be effectively improved under the cooperation of the high-pressure spray head 703 and the cleaning brush 702.

[0051] Example two

[0052] Based on example one: the rotating mechanism 2 includes a support 201, the bottom of the support 201 is fixedly connected to the output end of the rotating motor 202, the lower end of one side of the rotating motor 202 is fixedly connected with an ear plate 203, the support 201 is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom cover 105, and the rotating motor 202 and the ear plate 203 are arranged inside the cutter head of the shield machine;

[0053] During the tunneling of the mudstone stratum tunnel by the cutter head of the shield device, the rotating mechanism 2 is driven by the rotating motor 202 to rotate the support 201, and then the inner cylinder 103 and the overbreak cutter mechanism 8 are rotated. Since the inclined seat 601 is inclined, the overbreak cutter mechanism 8 can be adjusted in the circumferential angle under the driving of the rotating motor 202, thereby further improving the tunneling efficiency of the mudstone stratum tunnel.

[0054] Example three

[0055] Based on example one: the cleaning mechanism 7 includes an L-shaped fixed plate 701, the upper end of one side of the L-shaped fixed plate 701 is fixedly connected with a cleaning brush 702, the L-shaped fixed plate 701 and the cleaning brush 702 are symmetrically arranged at the lower end of the cutter 806 on both sides, the cleaning brush 702 is attached to the outside of the cutter 806, the top of one side of the inclined seat 601 is fixedly connected with a high-pressure spray head 703, the high-pressure spray head 703 is located between the two L-shaped fixed plates 701, the bottom of the high-pressure spray head 703 is fixedly connected with a shunt pipe 704, one end of the shunt pipe 704 is fixedly connected with a water injection pipe 705, and the shunt pipe 704 and the water injection pipe 705 are located inside the inclined seat 601;

[0056] During the shield tunneling of the overbreak cutter mechanism 8 in the mudstone, the external water body is transported into the shunt pipe 704 by the water injection pipe 705, and then the water body is transported into the high-pressure spray head 703 by the shunt pipe 704 for spraying, the high-pressure spray head 703 sprays the water body to the surface of the cutter 806, so as to achieve the cleaning effect, and meanwhile, the cleaning brush 702 arranged at the lower end of the cutter 806 is used to scrape the surface of the cutter 806, so that the surface cleanliness of the cutter 806 can be effectively improved under the cooperation of the high-pressure spray head 703 and the cleaning brush 702.

[0057] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms such as first and second are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between such entities or operations. Also, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements does not only include those elements but can also include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0058] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A shield tunneling machine for overbreakage of mudstone formation, comprising a protection mechanism (1), a rotating mechanism (2), a supporting mechanism (5), a mounting mechanism (6), a cleaning mechanism (7) and an overbreakage cutter mechanism (8), characterized in that: the protection mechanism (1) comprises an outer cylinder (101), a cylinder cover (102) is fixedly connected to the top of the outer cylinder (101), an inner cylinder (103) is arranged inside the outer cylinder (101), a bottom cover (105) is arranged at the bottom of the inner cylinder (103), a supporting ring (106) is fixedly connected to the upper end inside the outer cylinder (101), a lubricating oil groove (108) is arranged at the lower end inside the outer cylinder (101), and oil pipes (107) are fixedly connected to the lower end of the outer cylinder (101) in a symmetrical manner; the supporting mechanism (5) comprises a hydraulic oil cylinder (501), a guide column (503) is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic oil cylinder (501), a limiting ring (504) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the guide column (503), a connecting plate (505) is arranged at the top of the guide column (503), and an oil injection pipe connector (502) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hydraulic oil cylinder (501); the mounting mechanism (6) comprises an inclined seat (601), a supporting seat (602) is fixedly connected to the top of the inclined seat (601), a positioning cylinder (603) is fixedly connected to the top of the supporting seat (602), and the overbreakage cutter mechanism (8) is arranged inside the positioning cylinder (603); the overbreakage cutter mechanism (8) comprises an overbreakage cutter body (801), a limiting plate (802) is arranged at one end of the overbreakage cutter body (801), a connecting stud (803) is fixedly connected to the other end of the limiting plate (802), square positioning blocks (805) are fixedly connected to the other end of the overbreakage cutter body (801) and one end of the limiting plate (802), positioning columns (804) are arranged at the upper and lower ends of the square positioning blocks (805), a cutter (806) is arranged at one end of the square positioning blocks (805), a positioning hole (807) is arranged inside the cutter (806), and a cover plate (808) is arranged at one end of the cutter (806).

2. The mudstone stratum shield tunnel overbreakage cutter oil cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: Oil infiltration holes (104) are arranged in a circular manner inside the inner cylinder (103), the bottom cover (105) is fixedly connected to the inner cylinder (103) by bolts, and the oil pipes (107) and the lubricating oil groove (108) are connected in communication.

3. The mudstone formation shield tunnel overbreakage cutter oil cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (2) comprises a bracket (201), the bracket (201) is fixedly connected to the output end of a rotating motor (202) at the bottom, and ear plates (203) are fixedly connected to the lower end of one side of the rotating motor (202) in a symmetrical manner.

4. The mudstone stratum shield tunnel overbreakage cutter oil cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bracket (201) is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom cover (105), and the rotating motor (202) and the ear plates (203) are arranged inside a cutter head of a shield tunneling machine.

5. The mudstone formation shield tunnel overbreakage cutter oil cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the outer cylinder (101) and the inner cylinder (103) are fixedly connected with waterproof dust sealing rings (4) and shaft sealing rings (3).

6. The mudstone formation shield tunnel overbreakage cutter oil cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic oil cylinder (501) is located inside the inner cylinder (103) and on the top of the bottom cover (105), the oil injection pipe connector (502) is clamped and connected inside the bottom cover (105), the guide column (503) is slidingly connected with the inner cylinder (103) through the limiting ring (504), and the connecting plate (505) is fixedly connected with the guide column (503) through bolts.

7. The mudstone formation shield tunnel overbreakage cutter oil cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclined seat (601) is fixedly connected with the connecting plate (505) through bolts, the positioning cylinder (603) is a hollow structure, and the positioning cylinder (603) and the over-excavation cutter body (801) are fixedly connected through bolts.

8. The mudstone formation shield tunnel overbreakage cutter oil cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting plate (802) is threadedly connected with the over-excavation cutter body (801) through the connecting stud (803), the positioning column (804) is fixedly connected to the other end of the over-excavation cutter body (801) and one end of the limiting plate (802) respectively, the cutter (806) and the positioning hole (807) are clamped and connected with the positioning column (804) through the square positioning block (805), the cover plate (808) is fixedly connected with the positioning column (804) and the square positioning block (805) through bolts respectively, and the over-excavation cutter body (801), the limiting plate (802) and the cover plate (808) are provided with screw ends (809) at two ends.

9. The mudstone formation shield tunnel overbreakage cutter oil cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism (7) comprises L-shaped fixed plates (701), cleaning brushes (702) are fixedly connected to the upper ends of one side of the L-shaped fixed plates (701), the L-shaped fixed plates (701) and the cleaning brushes (702) are symmetrically arranged at the lower ends of both sides of the cutter (806), the cleaning brushes (702) are attached to the outer sides of the cutter (806), high-pressure nozzles (703) are symmetrically fixedly connected to one side of the top of the inclined seat (601), the high-pressure nozzles (703) are located between the two L-shaped fixed plates (701), the high-pressure nozzles (703) are fixedly connected with shunt pipes (704) at the bottom, the shunt pipes (704) are fixedly connected with water injection pipes (705) at one end, and the shunt pipes (704) and the water injection pipes (705) are located inside the inclined seat (601).

10. The method according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the method is used for the shield tunneling of mudstone strata, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step one: first in the mudstone formation shield tunnel overbreaks the cutter oil cylinder installation process, install the inner cylinder (103) to the inside of the outer cylinder (101), then install the hydraulic oil cylinder (501) and guide column (503) provided in the support mechanism (5) to the inside of the inner cylinder (103), moreover install the connecting plate (505) to the top of the inner cylinder (103), fix the connecting plate (505) and the connecting plate (505) with bolts, and install the bottom cover (105) to the bottom of the inner cylinder (103), which can quickly install the support mechanism (5) to the inside of the inner cylinder (103), then install the installation mechanism (6) and the overbreaks cutter mechanism (8) to the top of the connecting plate (505), install the inclined seat (601) to the top of the connecting plate (505) with bolts, and engage the overbreaks cutter body (801) provided in the overbreaks cutter mechanism (8) to the inside of the positioning cylinder (603), fix the overbreaks cutter body (801) and the positioning cylinder (603) with bolts to achieve the effect of positioning and fixing, at the same time, install by rotating the limiting plate (802) and the connecting stud (803), the cutter (806) and the positioning hole (807) will be engaged and connected to one side of the overbreaks cutter body (801) and one side of the limiting plate (802) through the square positioning block (805) and the positioning column (804), and the overbreaks cutter body (801), the limiting plate (802), the cutter (806) and the cover plate (808) are fixed with bolts, so that the advantage of quick installation can be realized, when disassembly and maintenance are needed, only the bolts between the connecting parts need to be unscrewed, so that the cutter oil cylinder has the advantages of good connection stability and convenient disassembly during use; Step two: after the overbreaks cutter oil cylinder is installed, the shaft sealing ring (3) and the waterproof dust sealing ring (4) provided between the outer cylinder (101) and the inner cylinder (103) can achieve good sealing and isolation effect, then the external lubricating oil liquid is injected into the lubricating oil groove (108) through the oil pipe (107), the lubricating oil liquid will penetrate through the gap between the outer cylinder (101) and the inner cylinder (103), so as to increase the connection fluency between the two, so as to avoid the phenomenon of jamming of the overbreaks cutter oil cylinder during the mudstone formation shield, and the lubricating oil liquid will also enter the inside of the inner cylinder (103) through the oil permeation hole (104) provided in the inside of the inner cylinder (103), so as to increase the fluency of the support mechanism (5) during supporting, advancing or retracting the overbreaks cutter mechanism (8), so that the overbreaks cutter mechanism (8) can better contact the mudstone formation tunnel, thereby increasing the shield efficiency; Step three: during the tunneling of the mudstone stratum tunnel by the cutter head of the shield device, the rotating motor (202) provided in the rotating mechanism (2) drives the support (201) to rotate, and then the support (201) drives the inner cylinder (103) and the overbreak cutter mechanism (8) to rotate, since the inclined seat (601) is inclined, the overbreak cutter mechanism (8) can be adjusted in the circumferential angle under the driving of the rotating motor (202), and then the shield efficiency of the mudstone stratum tunnel can be further improved, and during the tunneling of the mudstone tunnel by the overbreak cutter mechanism (8), the water outside is delivered to the shunt pipe (704) through the water injection pipe (705), and then the water is delivered to the high-pressure spray head (703) through the shunt pipe (704) for spraying, the high-pressure spray head (703) sprays water to the surface of the cutter (806), so as to achieve the cleaning effect, and at the same time, the cleaning brush (702) provided at the lower end of the cutter (806) is used to scrape the surface of the cutter (806), so that the surface cleanliness of the cutter (806) can be effectively improved under the cooperation of the high-pressure spray head (703) and the cleaning brush (702).

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