Dual-beam lens antenna, multiple-input multiple-output antenna, and base station

Abstract

The application discloses a dual-beam lens antenna, a multiple-input multiple-output antenna and a base station. The dual-beam lens antenna comprises a first vibrator unit group and a first lens. The first vibrator unit group comprises a plurality of first vibrator units and at least one second vibrator unit. The plurality of first vibrator units and the at least one second vibrator unit are arranged on the incident end side of the first lens. The plurality of first vibrator units focus corresponding first vibrator beams through the first lens, so as to cover a first position of a target area. The at least one second vibrator unit emits a second vibrator beam to a second position of the target area through the first lens. The first distance between the first position and the dual-beam lens antenna is much larger than the second distance between the second position and the dual-beam lens antenna. The application solves the technical problem that related plate-shaped antennas, lens antennas and the like cannot completely align and cover linear areas.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of mobile communication, in particular to a dual-beam lens antenna, a multiple-input multiple-output antenna and a base station. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid expansion of the market demand in the wireless field such as mobile communication 4G, 5G, satellite communication and radar, better technical requirements are put forward for antennas as wireless access.

[0003] However, the existing plate-shaped antenna has a narrow vertical beam due to its characteristics, and in the actual application process, adjusting the direction of the antenna will cause difficulties in adjusting the direction of the antenna due to equipment failure or improper human operation, which cannot accurately align the antenna beam to the linear area such as railway, thereby reducing the coverage performance. In addition, for high-gain antennas with a larger vertical beam, such as lens antennas and parabolic antennas, the horizontal beam of such high-gain antennas is too narrow, which makes it difficult to ensure that the antenna beam completely covers the linear area.

[0004] At present, there is no effective solution to the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a dual-beam lens antenna, a multiple-input multiple-output antenna and a base station to at least solve the technical problem that related plate-shaped antennas, lens antennas and the like cannot completely align and cover linear areas.

[0006] According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a dual-beam lens antenna is provided, comprising: a dual-beam lens antenna comprising: a first vibrator unit group and a first lens, wherein the first vibrator unit group comprises a plurality of first vibrator units and at least one second vibrator unit, and the plurality of first vibrator units and the at least one second vibrator unit are arranged on one side of the incident end of the first lens, the plurality of first vibrator units focus corresponding first vibrator beams through the first lens to cover a first position of a target area, and the at least one second vibrator unit emits a second vibrator beam to a second position of the target area through the first lens, wherein a first distance between the first position and the dual-beam lens antenna is much larger than a second distance between the second position and the dual-beam lens antenna.

[0007] Optionally, the dual-beam lens antenna further comprises a reflecting plate, wherein the plurality of first vibrator units and the at least one second vibrator unit are arranged at different positions on the reflecting plate.

[0008] Optionally, the at least one first vibrator unit and the second vibrator unit in the first vibrator unit group are located on the same horizontal plane of the first lens, and the first vibrator unit and the second vibrator unit form a horn angle.

[0009] Optionally, the first antenna angle of the first subunit unit is 75 degrees, and the second antenna angle of the second subunit unit is 50 degrees.

[0010] Optionally, the dual-beam lens antenna further comprises: a second subunit unit group and a second lens, wherein the second subunit unit group comprises a plurality of third subunit units and at least one fourth subunit unit, and the plurality of third subunit units and the at least one fourth subunit unit are arranged on one side of the incident end of the second lens, the plurality of third subunit units focus corresponding third subunit beams through the second lens to cover a first position of the target area, and the at least one fourth subunit unit emits a fourth subunit beam to a second position of the target area through the second lens.

[0011] Optionally, the first lens and the second lens are arranged on two first horizontal planes having an up-down position relationship respectively; the first subunit unit group and the second subunit unit group are arranged on two second horizontal planes having an up-down position relationship respectively, and the plurality of subunit units in the first subunit unit group and the plurality of subunit units in the second subunit unit group are aligned in the vertical direction.

[0012] Optionally, the dielectric constants of the first lens and the second lens are gradually changed from outside to inside, and the shapes of the first lens and the second lens comprise at least one of the following: spherical, cylindrical, elliptical.

[0013] Optionally, the subunit unit types of the first subunit unit group and the second subunit unit group comprise at least one of the following: linear subunit, ring-shaped subunit, patch subunit, spiral subunit.

[0014] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a multiple-input multiple-output antenna is also provided, which at least comprises the above-mentioned dual-beam lens antenna.

[0015] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a base station is also provided, which at least comprises the above-mentioned dual-beam lens antenna.

[0016] In the embodiment of the present application, the first vibrator unit group includes a plurality of first vibrator units and at least one second vibrator unit, and the plurality of first vibrator units and the at least one second vibrator unit are arranged on the side of the incident end of the lens. The plurality of first vibrator units focus corresponding first vibrator beams through the first lens to cover a first position of the target area, and the at least one second vibrator unit emits a second vibrator beam to a second position of the target area through the first lens, wherein the first distance between the first position and the double-beam lens antenna is much larger than the second distance between the second position and the double-beam lens antenna. That is, the first vibrator beams generated by the plurality of first vibrator units are focused through the lens to form a high-gain beam for covering the far-end position of the target area, and the second vibrator unit is focused through the lens to form a wide beam for covering the near-end position of the target area, so that the double beams, i.e. the wide beam and the high-gain beam, can better meet the linear coverage requirements of the high-speed rail line and effectively improve the signal coverage effect in the entire target area, thereby solving the technical problem that related plate-shaped antennas, lens antennas, etc. cannot completely align and cover the linear area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present application, constitute a part of the present application and illustrate the illustrative embodiments of the present application and their description serve to explain the present application, and do not constitute improper limitations on the present application. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 is an application scenario schematic diagram of an optional double-beam lens antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2a is a radiation pattern of an optional plate-shaped antenna according to the related art;

[0020] Figure 2b is a radiation pattern of an optional lens antenna according to the related art;

[0021] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an optional double-beam lens antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 is a radiation pattern of a vibrator beam of an optional double-beam lens antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 is a radiation pattern of a synthesized beam of an optional double-beam lens antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in a sequence other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0026] In addition, the relevant information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data for display, data for analysis, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties. For example, an interface is set up between this system and the relevant user or organization. Before obtaining relevant information, it is necessary to send an acquisition request to the aforementioned user or organization through the interface, and obtain the relevant information after receiving the consent information fed back by the aforementioned user or organization.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an optional application scenario of a dual-beam lens antenna according to an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 1 As shown, the dual-beam lens antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application can be installed on a 5G base station as a base station antenna, and the 5G base station is set near the high-speed rail track to provide 5G wireless signal coverage for the high-speed rail.

[0029] In the prior art, the plate antenna is a common antenna form in communication networks. However, due to the characteristics of the plate antenna, its vertical beam is narrow, only 6 to 7 degrees. Figure 2aAs shown in FIG. 1, when the direction of the antenna is adjusted, the vertical beam may not be accurately aligned with the railway due to equipment failure or improper human operation, thereby reducing the 5G signal quality of the linear coverage area. For high-gain antennas with large vertical beams, although the gain and vertical width of such antennas meet the requirements, the horizontal beam is too narrow, as shown in FIG. 2, so such antennas are difficult to ensure continuous coverage for linear area scenarios with large spacing. Figure 2b As shown in FIG. 3, the horizontal beam is too wide, so such antennas are difficult to ensure continuous coverage for linear area scenarios with small spacing.

[0030] The technical solutions of the present application and how the technical solutions of the present application solve the above technical problems will be described in detail below with specific examples. The following specific examples can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some examples. The embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Figure 3 FIG. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of an optional dual-beam lens antenna according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 4, the dual-beam lens antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a first dipole unit group 1 and a first lens 2, wherein: Figure 3

[0032] The first dipole unit group 1 includes a plurality of first dipole units 11 and at least one second dipole unit 12, and the plurality of first dipole units 11 and the at least one second dipole unit 12 are arranged on the incident end side of the first lens 2. The plurality of first dipole units 11 focus corresponding first dipole beams through the first lens 2, for covering a first position of a target area, and the at least one second dipole unit 12 emits a second dipole beam to a second position of the target area through the first lens 2.

[0033] The first dipole unit 11 and the second dipole unit 12 in the first dipole unit group 1 are both antenna basic units with corresponding operating frequency bandwidths, for transmitting and receiving wireless signals.

[0034] In the first dipole unit group 1, two first dipole units 11 and one second dipole unit 12 can be included. In addition, the first distance between the first position and the dual-beam lens antenna is much greater than the second distance between the second position and the dual-beam lens antenna. It can be understood that the first position is a far-end position of the target area, and the second position is a near-end position of the target area.

[0035] ​Specifically, the multiple first subunit units 11 emit signals through the incident end of the first lens 2, and after refraction inside the first lens 2, the signals are converged to form a high-gain beam, and are emitted from the exit end of the first lens 2. Similarly, the at least one second subunit unit 12 emits signals through the incident end of the first lens 2, and after refraction inside the first lens 2, the signals form a wide beam, and are emitted from the exit end of the first lens 2. By synthesizing the wide beam and the high-gain beam emitted by the first lens 2, a high-gain wide beam corresponding to the dual-beam lens antenna is obtained, wherein the area formed from the position of the dual-beam lens antenna to the farthest effective coverage distance is the coverage area of the high-gain wide beam.

[0036] Optionally, in order to realize directional emission, a reflecting plate 3 is further arranged in the dual-beam lens antenna in the embodiment of the present application, wherein the multiple first subunit units 11 and the at least one second subunit unit 12 are arranged at different positions on the reflecting plate. The subunit beams generated by the multiple subunit units are reflected in a certain direction by the reflecting plate 3, so as to strengthen the intensity of the received signals and improve the receiving effect.

[0037] In addition, the multiple subunit units in the first subunit unit group 1 can also be arranged in a sequence of different emission angles along the surface on the side of the incident end of the first lens 2, and the subunit units are spaced apart by a certain angle, and after refraction by the first lens 2, the subunit units radiate in different directions. If the sizes of the multiple subunit units are the same, the radiation angles of the first subunit beams generated by the multiple subunit units are also the same. Conversely, if the sizes of the multiple subunit units are different, the radiation angles of the first subunit beams generated by the multiple subunit units are also different. After the multiple subunit units spaced apart by a certain angle form corresponding subunit beams radiated to the outside, the subunit beams are synthesized to form a high-gain wide beam. For a linear coverage scene, the linear coverage area corresponding to the high-gain wide beam is the target area mentioned above.

[0038] Optionally, the at least one first subunit unit 11 and the second subunit unit 12 in the first subunit unit group 1 of the dual-beam lens antenna according to the embodiment of the present application are located on the same horizontal plane of the first lens 2.

[0039] The first subunit unit 11 and the second subunit unit 12 located on the same horizontal plane form an opening angle, so that the dual-beam lens antenna has better gain and receiving effect in a certain direction. By setting a suitable opening angle, the radiation angle and the main lobe direction of the dual-beam lens antenna are also affected.

[0040] Specifically, Figure 4 is an antenna pattern of an optional dual-beam lens antenna according to the embodiment of the present application, which is obtained by Figure 4It can be known that, under the frequency band of 3.45 GHz, the element wave beams emitted by the first element unit 11 and the second element unit have different signal gains at different angles, wherein the gain of the directional diagram corresponding to the element wave beam of the first element unit 11 is the largest at 75 degrees, and the gain of the directional diagram corresponding to the element wave beam of the second element unit is the largest at 50 degrees. Therefore, the first antenna angle of the first element unit 11 is preferably 75 degrees, the second antenna angle of the second element unit is preferably 50 degrees, and the opening angle between the first element unit 11 and the second element unit 12 located in the same horizontal plane can be equal to the difference between the first antenna angle and the second antenna angle, that is, 25 degrees. In addition, by synthesizing the element wave beams corresponding to the plurality of first element units 11 and the second element units 12, a high-gain wide beam can be obtained, wherein the directional diagram of the synthesized beam of the double-beam lens antenna is as shown in FIG. 8, and it is not difficult to see that the gain of the directional diagram corresponding to the synthesized beam is the largest at 75 degrees. Figure 5

[0041] During the construction of the 5G base station, the site selection of the base station needs to consider various factors such as the specific terrain and building, for example, the distance between the first element unit group 1 and the target area is different at a distance of 100 meters from the high-speed rail line and at a distance of 10 meters from the high-speed rail line, and the positions of the plurality of element units also need to be different. Therefore, if a uniformly configured double-beam lens antenna is used for signal coverage, it is often difficult to achieve the best effect of the double-beam lens antenna.

[0042] Therefore, the double-beam lens antenna in the embodiment of the present application can further include an element driver for controlling the positions of the element units in the first element unit group 1, and by driving the movement of each element unit in the first element unit group 1, the first element unit group 1 can emit corresponding element wave beams through the first lens 2 at different incident angles and incident points. In addition, a controller can also be provided, wherein the controller is connected with the element driver, so that the controller can send control instructions to the element driver to control the movement of the plurality of element units.

[0043] Therefore, the double-beam lens antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application can adjust the arrangement mode of the plurality of element units in the double-beam lens antenna according to the instruction information, improve the application scenarios and use flexibility of the double-beam lens antenna, and improve the signal coverage effect of the double-beam lens antenna.

[0044] ​In a specific application scenario, when the dual-beam lens antenna provided in the embodiment is installed along a high-speed rail to realize linear coverage of the high-speed rail route. After the dual-beam lens antenna is installed, the target area corresponding to the first group of dipoles 1 needs to be adjusted according to the position of the dual-beam lens antenna, for example, the distance between the dual-beam lens antenna and the high-speed rail track, the vertical height of the dual-beam lens antenna, etc., so that the linear area where the train travels can be effectively covered by the dual-beam lens antenna. At this time, the user inputs a user instruction through the controller, and the controller sends a control instruction to the dipole driver according to the content of the user instruction to adjust the movement of the plurality of dipole units, so that the linear area where the train travels can be effectively covered by the dual-beam lens antenna.

[0045] Further, in order to enhance the performance of the dual-beam lens antenna, a second group of dipoles 4 and a second lens 5 are further added in the dual-beam lens antenna, and the arrangement manner is similar to that of the first group of dipoles 1 and the first lens 2, that is, the second group of dipoles 4 includes a plurality of third dipoles 41 and at least one fourth dipole 42, and the plurality of third dipoles 41 and the at least one fourth dipole 42 are arranged on the incident side of the second lens 5. The plurality of third dipoles 41 focus corresponding third dipole beams through the second lens 5 to cover the first position of the target area, and the at least one fourth dipole 42 emits fourth dipole beams to the second position of the target area through the second lens 5.

[0046] Wherein, by Figure 3 It can be seen that the first lens 2 and the second lens 5 are respectively arranged on two first horizontal planes having an up-down position relationship; the first group of dipoles 1 and the second group of dipoles 4 are respectively arranged on two second horizontal planes having an up-down position relationship, and the plurality of dipoles in the first group of dipoles 1 and the plurality of dipoles in the second group of dipoles 4 are aligned in the vertical direction.

[0047] Specifically, the plurality of dipoles in the first group of dipoles 1 and the plurality of dipoles in the second group of dipoles 4 respectively pass through the first lens 2 and the second lens 5 to form horizontal wide beam coverage, thereby avoiding the difficulty of covering the entire linear area due to the narrow horizontal beam of the high-gain antenna. The dual-beam lens antenna provided in the embodiment adopts two laterally arranged lenses and the corresponding first group of dipoles 1 and the second group of dipoles 4 to emit dipole beams. Compared with the single-dipole unit and lens combination scheme, the total coverage range is larger, the total number of dipole units is increased, the number of corresponding emission power gradients is increased, and the control accuracy of signal gain in different target ranges is improved.

[0048] Similarly, the dual-beam lens antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application can further comprise a reflecting plate 6 provided with the second group of element units 4, wherein the plurality of third element units 41 and the at least one fourth element unit 42 in the second group of element units 4 are arranged at different positions of the corresponding reflecting plate 6.

[0049] In addition, the dual-beam lens antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application can further comprise an element driver for controlling the positions of the element units in the second group of element units 4, so that the second group of element units 4 can emit corresponding element beams through the second lens 5 at different incident angles and incident points by driving the element units in the second group of element units 4 to move; in addition, a controller can be arranged, wherein the controller is connected with the element driver, so that the controller can send control instructions to the element driver to control the movement of the plurality of element units.

[0050] Optionally, the element units of the first group of element units 1 and the second group of element units 4 in the dual-beam lens antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application comprise at least one of the following: linear element, ring element, patch element, and spiral element. The selection of the element unit type can be set according to the specific use scenario, which is not limited here.

[0051] Optionally, the dielectric constants of the first lens 2 and the second lens 5 in the dual-beam lens antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application are gradually changed from outside to inside, and the shapes of the first lens and the second lens comprise at least one of the following: spherical, cylindrical, and elliptical.

[0052] It can be understood that the first lens 2 and the second lens 5 are both dielectric spheres, cylinders or other geometric shapes with dielectric constants gradually changing from 2 to 1 from inside to outside. It should be noted that the element unit has a corresponding radiation angle, and the size of the radiation angle is related to the radius of the lens and the length of the element unit. When the length of the element unit is greater, the radius of the lens is smaller, and the radiation angle of the corresponding element beam is greater, that is, the beam width of the element beam is greater.

[0053] The double-beam lens antenna provided by the embodiment of the application adopts the first dipole unit group 1 and the second dipole unit group 4 arranged in an up-down mode, and corresponding first lens 2 and second lens 5, reflecting plate 3 and reflecting plate 6. By aggregating the first dipole beams sent by the plurality of first dipole units 11 in the first dipole unit group 1 and the plurality of third dipole units 41 in the second dipole unit group 4, the signal energy is concentrated in a smaller longitudinal range, so as to cover all areas of the far end of the target range, and meanwhile the signal quality can be improved. Meanwhile, the wide beams emitted by the second dipole unit 12 in the first dipole unit group 1 and the fourth dipole unit 42 in the second dipole unit group 4 can cover all areas of the near end of the target range. Thus, by using the double beams, i.e., the wide beam and the high-gain beam, the linear coverage requirement of the high-speed rail line can be better met, and the signal coverage effect in the entire target area can be effectively improved, thereby solving the technical problem that the related plate-shaped antennas, lens antennas and the like cannot completely align and cover the linear area.

[0054] The embodiment of the application further provides a multiple-input multiple-output antenna, which comprises Figure 3 The corresponding double-beam lens antenna. The multiple-input multiple-output antenna provided by the application is a combination of the double-beam lens antenna, and the multiple-input multiple-output antenna can realize wide-beam and high-gain coverage of the 5G base station signal, so that the target linear area can obtain good and uniform signals.

[0055] In addition, the embodiment of the application further provides a base station, which comprises Figure 3 The corresponding double-beam lens antenna.

[0056] Other embodiments of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. The application is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the application following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which the application pertains. The specification and examples are to be regarded as exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the application are indicated by the following claims.

[0057] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the application, and it should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and refinements can be made without departing from the principles of the application, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A dual-beam lens antenna, characterized by, The double-beam lens antenna comprises a first dipole unit group and a first lens. The first dipole unit group comprises a plurality of first dipole units and at least one second dipole unit, and the plurality of first dipole units and the at least one second dipole unit are arranged on one side of the incident end of the first lens. The plurality of first dipole units focus corresponding first dipole beams through the first lens to cover a first position of a target area, and the at least one second dipole unit emits second dipole beams to a second position of the target area through the first lens. The double-beam lens antenna further comprises a second dipole unit group and a second lens, and the second dipole unit group comprises a plurality of third dipole units.

2. The dual-beam lens antenna of claim 1, wherein, The double-beam lens antenna further comprises a reflecting plate. The plurality of first dipole units and the at least one second dipole unit are arranged at different positions on the reflecting plate.

3. The dual-beam lens antenna of claim 1, wherein, The at least one first dipole unit in the first dipole unit group and the second dipole unit are located in the same horizontal plane of the first lens, and the first dipole unit and the second dipole unit form a horn angle.

4. The double-beam lens antenna of claim 1, wherein The first antenna angle of the first dipole unit is 75 degrees, and the second antenna angle of the second dipole unit is 50 degrees.

5. The double-beam lens antenna of claim 1, wherein The second dipole unit group further comprises at least one fourth dipole unit, and the plurality of third dipole units and the at least one fourth dipole unit are arranged on one side of the incident end of the second lens. The plurality of third dipole units focus corresponding third dipole beams through the second lens to cover the first position of the target area, and the at least one fourth dipole unit emits fourth dipole beams to the second position of the target area through the second lens.

6. The double-beam lens antenna of claim 5, wherein The first lens and the second lens are arranged on two first horizontal planes having an up-down position relationship. The first dipole unit group and the second dipole unit group are arranged on two second horizontal planes having an up-down position relationship, and the plurality of dipole units in the first dipole unit group and the plurality of dipole units in the second dipole unit group are aligned in the vertical direction.

7. The dual-beam lens antenna of claim 5, wherein, The dielectric constants of the first lens and the second lens are gradually changed from outside to inside, and the shapes of the first lens and the second lens comprise at least one of the following: spherical, cylindrical, and elliptical.

8. The dual-beam lens antenna of claim 5, wherein, The vibrator unit types of the first vibrator unit group and the second vibrator unit group each include at least one of a linear vibrator, a ring vibrator, a patch vibrator, and a spiral vibrator.

9. A multiple-input multiple-output antenna, characterized by The in-multiple-out antenna at least includes the dual-beam lens antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A base station, characterized by, The base station at least includes the dual-beam lens antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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