Electrical plug-in connector and electrical plug-in connection device

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electrical plug-in connector and an electrical plug-in connection. The present invention provides an electrical plug-in connector, which includes a contact element pair having a first contact element and a second contact element, wherein the first contact element and the second contact element have a first longitudinal portion, a second longitudinal portion and a third longitudinal portion. In the third longitudinal portion, the first contact element and the second contact element are bent relative to a first rotation axis orthogonal to their longitudinal axes, and the first contact element and the second contact element are also bent so that their longitudinal axes move parallel to the second rotation axis. Such a configuration allows the spacing between the first contact element and the second contact element to have the smallest possible change, achieving a constant impedance characteristic. In addition, the present invention also provides a mating plug-in connector associated with the electrical plug-in connector to be combined into an electrical plug-in connection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an electric plug-in connector and an electric plug-in connection device. Background Art

[0002] The two electrical interfaces of the straight plug-in electrical connector have a common longitudinal axis, while the longitudinal axes of the two electrical interfaces of the oblique plug-in electrical connector are at a specific angle to each other, preferably at an angle of 90°. This type of oblique plug-in electrical connector is widely used in various configurations, in which the application of the electrical connection requires changing the direction of the signal routing in each case. The oblique plug-in electrical connector is used, for example, for electrical connection between two printed circuit boards that are perpendicular to each other, or for routing cables parallel to the surface of the printed circuit board due to installation space considerations.

[0003] If differential signals are transmitted in an oblique plug-in electrical connector, it is known that two inner conductor contact elements are required for this purpose. If the two inner conductor contact elements have the same distance between the two interfaces (especially between their two axial ends), respectively, the two identical inner conductor contact elements can be guided parallel to each other in the oblique plug-in electrical connector. In addition to using the same components for the two inner conductor contact elements, in particular, simple impedance matching of the oblique plug-in electrical connector for transmitting differential high-frequency signals can be achieved. Since the lengths of the two inner conductor contact elements are equal, there is no phase offset (the so-called "skewing") along the differential signal of the two inner conductor contact elements. As shown below, this means that there is no mode conversion of the differential signal, and therefore there is no increase in electromagnetic interference radiation and reflection of the differential high-frequency signal.

[0004] The application of the oblique plug-in electrical connector is becoming more and more diverse, and the arrangement of the two inner conductor contact elements at the two interfaces or at the axial ends of the two inner conductor contact elements is becoming more and more diverse. The various arrangements of the two inner conductor contact elements at the two interfaces make the inner conductor contact elements between the two interfaces have a variety of shapes, and therefore the inner conductor contact elements have different impedance matching qualities, different forms of offset and different degrees of symmetry.

[0005] Contrary to the common case of the same inner conductor contact element described above, for inner conductor contact elements of other shapes it is not possible to achieve an optimum in all three criteria of impedance matching, offset and symmetry. Summary of the invention

[0006] In this context, the object of the present invention is to create a universally applicable technical solution for a differential angled plug-in connector for all possible arrangements of inner conductor contact elements at two interfaces, through which, in addition to the above-mentioned common cases, an overall optimization of impedance matching, offset and symmetry can be achieved.

[0007] This object is achieved by an electrical plug-in connector according to the invention and an electrical plug-in connection device according to the invention.

[0008] Therefore, it provides:

[0009] An electrical plug-in connector for transmitting differential signals between a first interface and a second interface, comprising:

[0010] - a pair of contact elements having

[0011] - a first contact element, and

[0012] - a second contact element,

[0013] - the longitudinal axes of the first contact element and the second contact element in the first longitudinal section of the first contact element and the second contact element at the first interface are at a first angle relative to the longitudinal axes of the first contact element and the second contact element in the second longitudinal section of the first contact element and the second contact element at the second interface,

[0014] a first plane spanned by the longitudinal axes of the first and second contact elements in the first longitudinal section is at a second angle relative to the longitudinal axes of the first and second contact elements in the second longitudinal section,

[0015] - the third longitudinal section of the first contact element and the second contact element is realized between the first longitudinal section and the second longitudinal section of the first contact element and the second contact element, respectively,

[0016] - in the third longitudinal section, the first contact element and the second contact element are respectively bent by a first rotation angle corresponding to a first angle relative to a first rotation axis, the first rotation axis being oriented orthogonally relative to the longitudinal axis of the first contact element and the second contact element, respectively, in the first longitudinal section and the second longitudinal section,

[0017] In the third longitudinal section, the first contact element and the second contact element are each additionally bent such that their longitudinal axes are displaced parallel to a second rotational axis through a second rotational angle, the second rotational axis extending centrally between the first contact element and the second contact element in the third longitudinal section.

[0018] - And the second rotation angle can be obtained by subtracting the second angle from the 90° angle.

[0019] The knowledge / idea on which the present invention is based is to create a differential oblique plug-in connector, which includes a contact element pair, that is, an inner conductor contact element pair, which consists of a first contact element and a second contact element, and the spacing between the first contact element and the second contact element has the smallest possible variation over the entire longitudinal extension range and is preferably constant. This configuration of the two inner conductor contact elements advantageously makes it possible to have an impedance characteristic with the smallest possible fluctuation, so as to preferably achieve a constant impedance characteristic.

[0020] Although the distance between the first contact element and the second contact element in the first longitudinal portion (wherein the first interface of the differential angled plug-in connector is implemented) and the second longitudinal portion (wherein the second interface of the differential angled plug-in connector is implemented) is generally constant, in the third longitudinal portion implemented between the first contact element and the second contact element, the distance between the first contact element and the second contact element can be minimized by appropriate shapes of the first contact element and the second contact element in terms of their variations.

[0021] In this regard it should be noted that the transition between the first and third longitudinal sections of the contact element pair, and thus the axial ends of the first longitudinal sections of the two contact elements, are arranged at an axial position of the contact element pair at which at least one contact element transitions from a linear shape to a curved shape. The same applies to the transition between the second and third longitudinal sections of the contact element pair.

[0022] In order to minimize the distance variation between the two contact elements, the first contact element and the second contact element in the third longitudinal section are bent around the same rotation axis, which is hereinafter referred to as the first rotation axis and is oriented orthogonally to the longitudinal axis of the first contact element and the second contact element in the first longitudinal section and the second longitudinal section, the same rotation angle being hereinafter referred to as the first rotation angle φ 1 In addition, the first contact element and the second contact element are bent in the third longitudinal portion, respectively, so that the longitudinal axes of the first contact element and the second contact element are parallel to each other relative to another rotation axis, which is hereinafter referred to as the second rotation axis, and another same rotation angle (hereinafter referred to as the second rotation angle φ) is passed between the first contact element and the second contact element. 2 ) extends centrally. In this case, the second axis of rotation can have a linear or curved nature, as shown in the discussion of the various variants of the contact element.

[0023] Since the two contact elements are bent by the first rotation angle φ in each of the third longitudinal sections about the first rotation axis 1The longitudinal axes of the first contact element and the second contact element are oriented between the first longitudinal portion and the second longitudinal portion by a first angle φ 1 'joint. In this case, the first rotation angle ф 1 Corresponding to the first angle ф 1 In this way, a basic inclination of the differential angled plug-in connector is achieved in a plane oriented orthogonally with respect to the first rotation axis.

[0024] Preferably, the first angle is 90°, so that a differential right-angle plug-in connector can be realized.

[0025] Due to the bending of the two contact elements around the second rotation axis by the second rotation angle φ 2 , another orientation of a plane spanned by the longitudinal axes of the first contact element and the second contact element in the first longitudinal section (hereinafter referred to as the first plane) is relative to the orientation of the first contact element and the second contact element in the second longitudinal section by a second angle φ 2 'Connection. The second rotation angle ф 2 The second angle ф can be subtracted from the 90° angle 2 'Get. Because the two contact elements are bent around the second rotation axis, the second rotation angle ф 2 , the second rotation axis extends centrally between the first contact element and the second contact element in the third longitudinal section, so that an additional tilting of the two contact elements can be achieved (i.e. a further tilting of the differential angle plug-in connector at a greater angular freedom). The center between the first contact element and the second contact element is understood in this context to mean that the two contact elements and the second rotation axis have an equal or approximately equal radial distance along the entire longitudinal extension of the third longitudinal section.

[0026] Preferably, the second angle is 0°, so that the first plane at the first interface is parallel to the longitudinal axes of the first contact element and the second contact element at the second interface.

[0027] In particular, the bending of the two contact elements about the second rotational axis significantly expands the diversity of the arrangement of the two contact elements at the two interfaces and thus expands the diversity of applications of the differential angled plug-in connector.

[0028] Most importantly, however, the bending of the two contact elements about the second axis of rotation advantageously enables a spacing of the two contact elements, the variation of the spacing of the two contact elements along the third longitudinal portion being minimized and preferably constant.

[0029] Based on this optimization, by a corresponding configuration of the insulator element and the outer conductor contact element, a substantially constant and preferably constant impedance characteristic of the differential transmission system can be achieved in the third longitudinal section.

[0030] The first contact element and the second contact element can preferably be produced in a stamping or turning process. However, other production techniques are also conceivable, such as casting, deep drawing or press forming. The first contact element and the second contact element preferably have a rectangular cross section after the stamping process and a circular cross section after the turning process. In a less common implementation variant, a circular cross section, in particular a hollow cylindrical cross section, can also be obtained by a stamping and bending process.

[0031] In a preferred form of the contact element pair, the curvature of the two contact elements relative to the first rotation axis and relative to the second rotation axis can completely overlap within the third longitudinal section. A partial overlap of the curvature of the two contact elements relative to the first rotation axis and relative to the second rotation axis within the third longitudinal section is also conceivable. Finally, the curvature of the two contact elements relative to the first rotation axis and relative to the second rotation axis can be realized in successive subsections of the third longitudinal section, respectively.

[0032] By bending the contact element around the second rotation axis, the longitudinal axes of the first contact element and the second contact element are respectively moved in parallel between the axial ends of the third longitudinal portion (in the case of complete overlap) or between the axial ends of sub-portions of the third longitudinal portion (in the case of partial overlap or continuous overlap).

[0033] The bending of the two contact elements can be realized in all three forms - completely overlapping, partially overlapping and sequentially following each other - in each case continuously over the entire longitudinal extension of the third longitudinal section. In this case, the bending of the two contact elements can be realized as a bending around one bending radius (convex bending or concave bending) or as a bending around two bending radii (S-shape composed of a sequential combination of concave bending and convex bending).

[0034] Finally, the bending of the two contact elements can also be realized only in separate subsections of the third longitudinal section, between each of which a linear subsection of the two contact elements is arranged. In particular, in the latter case, the two contact elements can be bent in separate and separate subsections of the third longitudinal section relative to the first rotation axis and simultaneously relative to the second rotation axis. However, it is also conceivable that in separate and separate subsections of the third longitudinal section, the bending of the two contact elements is realized in each case only relative to the first rotation axis or only relative to the second rotation axis.

[0035] The continuous bending of the two contact elements over the entire third longitudinal section can preferably be achieved by a turning process. On the other hand, the bending of the two contact elements in separate subsections of the third longitudinal section connected by linear subsections of the two contact elements is more suitable for a stamping process.

[0036] The two contact elements each have the same cross section, which is constant along their entire longitudinal extension. With regard to impedance matching of an electrical plug-in connector configured for high-frequency signal transmission, the cross section of the two contact elements can also vary in individual subsections. This can occur, for example, if, for assembly reasons, the insulator element and the outer conductor contact element have recesses or other irregularities in certain areas of the differential angled plug-in connector. Finally, special shapes, such as locking claws or locking hooks or locking recesses for locking the contact element to an adjacent insulating element of the electrical plug-in connector, can be implemented at individual points on each of the two contact elements.

[0037] Advantageous designs and developments will become apparent from the description with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] It is to be understood that the features mentioned above and those still to be explained below can be used not only in the combination indicated in each case but also in other combinations or alone, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0039] In a preferred form of the differential angled plug-in connector, the first contact element and the second contact element have equal electrical lengths. Typically, the electrical lengths of the first contact element and the second contact element in the first longitudinal section and the second longitudinal section are equal, because the two contact elements are wired in parallel in the first longitudinal section and the second longitudinal section. In addition, the electrical lengths of the first contact element and the second contact element in the third longitudinal section and the longitudinal length are preferably equal.

[0040] The equal longitudinal extension of the two contact elements advantageously enables the use of identical components for both contact elements.

[0041] Furthermore, due to the equal electrical length of the two contact elements, a phase shift of the differential signal between the two contact elements of the pair of contact elements, the so-called "skew", is advantageously avoided. If the skew can be avoided over the entire longitudinal extension, in particular in the third longitudinal portion of the contact element pair, the ratio between the common mode and the differential mode of the high-frequency electromagnetic wave remains approximately constant, and preferably constant.

[0042] Mode conversion caused by the offset is advantageously avoided, thereby avoiding the radiation of electromagnetic interference and the reflection of high-frequency electromagnetic waves. Therefore, advantageously, in terms of offset, in the case of offset, there is no need to implement the offset correction part (i.e., the differential signal part of opposite electrical length) outside the differential oblique plug-in connector.

[0043] In order to achieve the same longitudinal extension of the first contact element and the second contact element within the third longitudinal section in the case of parallel movement of the longitudinal axes of the first contact element and the second contact element, as a result of the first contact element and the second contact element being bent by the same second rotation angle relative to the common second rotation axis, a constant or approximately constant ratio is preferably achieved between the parallel movement of the longitudinal axis and the change in the longitudinal extension for the two contact elements on the third longitudinal section.

[0044] In order to achieve the same longitudinal extension of the two contact elements, the curvature of the bend can therefore preferably be the same for the two contact elements along the third longitudinal section. However, it is also conceivable in special cases that in a single subsection of the two contact elements within the third longitudinal section, there is no parallel movement of the longitudinal axis, i.e. no bending, but rather a linear path of the two contact elements parallel to the second axis of rotation is achieved.

[0045] Subsections of the two contact elements without any bending of the contact elements are also possible, wherein the linear path of the two contact elements does not achieve parallelism with the second axis of rotation. Finally, subsections of the contact elements within the third longitudinal section are also possible, wherein in each case the ratio between the parallel movement of the longitudinal axis and the change in the longitudinal extension is different for the two contact elements, but the total change in the longitudinal extension is the same for the two contact elements throughout the third longitudinal section.

[0046] In another preferred form of the electrical plug-in connector, the first contact element and the second contact element in the third longitudinal section are bent at a first rotation angle with equal bending radii relative to the first rotation axis, respectively. The two contact elements are bent at the same rotation angle and the same curvature radius relative to the same rotation axis, so that the two contact elements achieve equal electrical lengths in the third longitudinal section.

[0047] In another preferred form of the contact element pair, the two contact elements in the third longitudinal section are bent by the same second rotation angle relative to the common second rotation axis, so that the longitudinal axes of the first contact element and the second contact element are respectively displaced by the same amount in parallel in the first radial direction relative to the second rotation axis, and are respectively displaced by the same amount in parallel in the second radial direction relative to the second rotation axis oriented orthogonally to the first radial direction. This form of bending the two contact elements around the second rotation axis, combined with the form of arranging the common second rotation axis in the center relative to the two contact elements, enables the equal electrical length of the two contact elements to be achieved in the simplest technical manner.

[0048] In another form of the contact element pair, the bending of the first contact element and the second contact element about the first rotation axis and the bending of the first contact element and the second contact element about the second rotation axis are realized in different subsections of the third longitudinal section, the subsections being sequentially successive to one another. In this case, the subsections are preferably arranged on the second longitudinal section, in which subsections the two contact elements are respectively bent by the same first rotation angle relative to the first rotation axis. Preferably, the subsections are realized between the first longitudinal section and another subsection of the third longitudinal section, in which subsections the two contact elements are respectively bent by the same second rotation angle relative to the common second rotation axis.

[0049] Depending on the application, the first rotation angle at which the first contact element and the second contact element are bent respectively in the third longitudinal portion relative to the first rotation axis is within an angular range between 45° and 135°, preferably within an angular range between 70° and 110°, particularly preferably within an angular range between 85° and 95°, and most preferably is 90°.

[0050] Depending on the application, the second rotation angle of the contact elements in the third longitudinal section bent relative to the common second rotation axis (i.e., the longitudinal axes of the first contact element and the second contact element move parallel in the third longitudinal section) is greater than or less than 0°, preferably greater than 45° or less than -45°, particularly preferably greater than 80° or less than -80°, and most preferably ±90°.

[0051] Preferably, in the first longitudinal section, in the second longitudinal section and in the third longitudinal section, i.e. in the entire longitudinal extension between the first interface and the second interface, the distance between the first contact element and the second contact element is in each case the same and / or the diameter of the first contact element and the second contact element is in each case the same and constant. If the outer conductor contact element and the insulator element, which electrically insulates the first and second contact elements from the outer conductor contact element, are also uniform along the entire longitudinal extension between the first interface and the second interface, a constant and therefore matched impedance characteristic is achieved over the entire longitudinal extension of the differential angled plug-in connector. The uniformity of the insulator element is achieved, for example, by a uniform dielectric material and a uniform distribution of the dielectric material of the insulator between the outer conductor contact element and the (inner conductor) contact element pair over the entire longitudinal extension of the plug-in connector. The uniformity of the outer conductor contact element is achieved by a constant inner diameter over the entire longitudinal extension of the plug-in connector.

[0052] In order to be able to assemble the first contact element and the second contact element, the insulator element and the outer conductor element each have a recess in a certain longitudinal section of the differential angle plug-in connector, which leads to an undesirable shift in impedance. In order to perform impedance matching in such a longitudinal section, for example, the spacing between the first contact element and the second contact element must be correspondingly reduced, and / or the diameters of the first contact element and the second contact element must be correspondingly increased.

[0053] In another preferred form of the contact element pair according to the present invention, in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the first contact element and the second contact element in the first longitudinal section, the first contact element and the second contact element have the same length in the third longitudinal section, respectively. Therefore, the total longitudinal extension length of the two contact elements from the transition between the second longitudinal section and the third longitudinal section to the axial end of the first longitudinal section is the same in all cases. The longitudinal extension length of the two contact elements from the transition between the second longitudinal section and the third longitudinal section to the axial end of the second longitudinal section is also the same. Therefore, the transition between the second longitudinal section and the third longitudinal section of the contact element represents the angular vertex of the differential angle connector, and the extension of the two contact elements from the transition between the second longitudinal section and the third longitudinal section to the axial ends of the first longitudinal section and the second longitudinal section respectively forms two angular legs of the differential angle connector.

[0054] The second plane spanned by the longitudinal axes of the first and second contact elements at the second interface can have the same orientation as the plane spanned by the longitudinal axes of the first and second contact elements at the axial ends of the third longitudinal portion, wherein the third longitudinal portion faces the second interface. This plane is hereinafter referred to as the third plane.

[0055] However, it is also conceivable that the second plane is oriented at a third angle different from 0° relative to the third plane. In this case, a fourth longitudinal section of the first contact element and the second contact element is realized between the second longitudinal section and the third longitudinal section. In the fourth longitudinal section, the first contact element and the second contact element are respectively bent such that, with equal longitudinal extensions of the first contact element and the second contact element, the longitudinal axes of the first contact element and the second contact element are parallelly displaced by a third rotational angle relative to a third rotational axis extending centrally between the first contact element and the second contact element in the fourth longitudinal section.

[0056] The bending of the two contact elements in the fourth longitudinal section by the same third rotation angle relative to the common third rotation axis is preferably also achieved in such a way that the longitudinal axes of the first contact element and the second contact element are respectively displaced by the same amount in a first radial direction relative to the third rotation axis and by the same amount in a second radial direction relative to the third rotation axis, wherein the second radial direction is oriented orthogonally to the first radial direction. This form of bending of the two contact elements around the third rotation axis, combined with the form of arranging the common third rotation axis in the center of the two contact elements, makes it possible to achieve equal electrical lengths for the two contact elements in the fourth longitudinal section in the simplest way.

[0057] A third rotation angle corresponding to a third angle between the second plane and the third plane is configured to be equal to the second rotation angle:

[0058] The third rotation angle is greater than or less than 0°, preferably greater than 45° or less than −45°, particularly preferably greater than 80° and less than −80°, and most preferably ±90°.

[0059] In a preferred application of the differential oblique plug-in connector, the first interface is configured to contact an electrical mating plug-in connector, and the second interface is configured to contact a printed circuit board. However, alternatively, it is also conceivable that the first interface and the second interface are respectively configured to contact different printed circuit boards. The differential oblique plug-in connector can also be implemented as a cable plug-in connector or a shell plug-in connector. In this case, the first interface is configured to contact an electrical mating plug-in connector, and the second interface is configured to contact a cable or a contact device in the shell. Finally, the differential oblique plug-in connector can also be implemented as an adapter, in which the first interface and the second interface are both configured to contact different electrical mating plug-in connectors.

[0060] The invention also includes an electrical plug-in connection device, which includes an electrical plug-in connector and an associated electrical mating plug-in connector. All features, representative features and claimed features disclosed so far and hereinafter relating to the electrical plug-in connector also apply in the same manner to the electrical plug-in connection device, and vice versa.

[0061] The electrical mating plug-in connector has a mating contact element pair, the mating contact element pair having a first mating contact element and a second mating contact element. The first mating contact element and the second mating contact element preferably have a longitudinal extension of equal electrical length, respectively, and are wired parallel to each other. A straight-in differential electrical mating plug-in connector is possible. Preferably, the differential electrical mating plug-in connector is angled so that the first mating contact element and the second mating contact element are both bent at a fourth angle with an equal radius of curvature, preferably both bent at 90°.

[0062] Therefore, the first mating contact element and the second mating contact element have a first longitudinal portion, a third longitudinal portion adjacent to the first longitudinal portion, and a second longitudinal portion adjacent to the third longitudinal portion. The first longitudinal portions of the first mating contact element and the second mating contact element of the plug-in connector are respectively configured to contact the first contact element and the second contact element of the plug-in connector at their first interface. In the third longitudinal portion, the first mating contact element and the second mating contact element of the mating plug-in connector are both bent at a fourth angle. The second longitudinal portions of the first mating contact element and the second mating contact element form another interface of the mating plug-in connector (for example, an interface to another cable).

[0063] The above designs and developments can be combined with each other in any suitable manner. Other possible designs, developments and embodiments of the present invention also include combinations of features of the present invention described above or below with respect to exemplary embodiments not explicitly mentioned. In particular, in this case, those skilled in the art will also add separate aspects as improvements or additions to the corresponding basic forms of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment shown in the schematic diagram of the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0065] Figure 1A , Figure 1B , Figure 1C , Figure 1D and Figure 1E shows an isometric view, an exploded view, a cross-sectional view, a first and a second side view of an electrical plug-in connector according to the invention,

[0066] Figure 2A and Figure 2B shows isometric views of two exemplary embodiments of differential pairs of contact elements of an electrical plug-in connector according to the invention;

[0067] Figure 3A , Figure 3B and Figure 3C isometric views showing two exemplary embodiments of differential pairs of contact elements of an electrical plug-in connector according to the invention,

[0068] Figure 4A , Figure 4B and Figure 4C A first and a second side view and a top view of a second exemplary embodiment of a differential pair of contact elements of an electrical plug-in connector according to the invention are shown,

[0069] Figure 5A , Figure 5B and Figure 5CA first and a second side view and a top view of a third exemplary embodiment of a differential pair of contact elements of an electrical plug-in connector according to the invention are shown;

[0070] Fig. 6A , Figure 6B and Figure 6C A first and a second side view and a top view of a fourth exemplary embodiment of a differential pair of contact elements of an electrical plug-in connector according to the invention are shown;

[0071] Fig. 7A , Figure 7B and Figure 7C A first and a second side view and a top view of a fifth exemplary embodiment of a differential pair of contact elements of an electrical plug-in connector according to the invention are shown;

[0072] Fig. 8A , Figure 8B and Figure 8C A first and a second side view and a top view of a sixth exemplary embodiment of a differential pair of contact elements of an electrical plug-in connector according to the invention are shown, and

[0073] Fig.9A , Fig. 9B and Fig. 9C A first and a second sectional view and an isometric view of an electrical plug-in connection device according to the invention are shown.

[0074] The accompanying drawings are intended to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. These drawings illustrate the embodiments and, in conjunction with the description, are used to explain the principles and concepts of the present invention. Other embodiments and many of the advantages mentioned will become apparent with reference to the accompanying drawings. The elements of the accompanying drawings are not necessarily shown to scale relative to each other.

[0075] In the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, identical elements, features and components having the same function and effect are denoted in each case by the same reference numerals.

[0076] Hereinafter, the accompanying drawings are described in an interrelated and comprehensive manner. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0077] The differential angled plug-in connector according to the present invention is described in all its exemplary embodiments as follows:

[0078] The differential angled plug-in connector 1 is preferably implemented as a printed circuit board plug-in connector and is 9A to 9C As shown, at its first interface 2, it is connected to a corresponding pair of mating contact elements of a differential mating plug-in connector 5, and as shown Figures 1A to 1EAs shown, the differential pairs of signal lines connected to the printed circuit board 3 at its second interface 4. Optionally, the differential angled plug-in connector can also connect the differential pairs of signal lines on two printed circuit boards or the differential signal conductors of the cable to the corresponding mating contact element pairs of the differential mating plug-in connector. All configurations of differential electrical connections can be envisioned, in which the differential contacts, differential contact elements, differential signal lines, etc. of the two connecting mating pairs are oriented at an angle to each other.

[0079] For this purpose, the differential angled plug-in connector 1 has a contact element pair 6 having a first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 , such as from Figure 1B Exploded view and Figure 1C As can be seen from the combined cross-sectional views of FIG. 1 , they extend between the first interface 2 and the second interface 4 , respectively. The first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The conductors are wired in the insulator element 8 in the differential angled plug-in connector 1 so that, on the one hand, they are separated from each other in an electrically insulated manner and, on the other hand, they are respectively separated from the outer conductor contact element 9 in an electrically insulated manner. The outer conductor contact element 9 can be a metal connector housing or an outer conductor contact element integrated in an insulating connector housing. In order to achieve a good shielding effect and the best possible electromagnetic wave guidance between the outer conductor contact element 9 and the contact element pair 6 used as differential inner conductor contacts, the outer conductor contact element 9 surrounds the insulator element 8 and the contact element pair 6 wired in the insulator element 8 as comprehensively as possible. The differential angled plug-in connector 1 according to the present invention without the outer conductor contact element 9 is not the preferred implementation of a high-frequency plug-in connector, but is also included in the present invention.

[0080] First contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The insulator element 8 is fixed in a form-fitting and force-fitting manner, for example by respectively attaching the first contact element 7 to the insulator element 8. 1 and the second contact element 7 2 For example, the fixing of the insulator element 8 and the outer conductor contact element 9 is achieved by interference fit.

[0081] For assembly reasons, the outer conductor contact element 9 does not completely surround the insulator element 8, and the insulator element 8 does not completely surround the contact element pair 6 over the entire longitudinal extension of the contact element pair 6. In particular, in the middle longitudinal section 10 of the contact element pair 6, for example Figure 1C As shown, the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2are arranged at a distance from one another, but surrounded by air instead of by the dielectric material of the insulator element 8. Since such a change in the properties of the dielectric in the intermediate region between the outer conductor and the two inner conductors represents a change in the impedance characteristics, for example in the region of the intermediate longitudinal portion 10 of the contact element pair 6, the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The diameter of the first contact element 7 is increased, and / or 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The distance between them is reduced to achieve a more balanced impedance characteristic.

[0082] At the second interface 4 of the plug-in connector 1 forming an interface to the printed circuit board 3 , the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The contact ends of the outer conductor holes 13 are inserted into the associated inner conductor holes 11 in the printed circuit board 3 and are electrically and mechanically connected to the contact surfaces on the inner walls of the inner conductor holes 11, for example, by means of a soldered joint or a force-locking joint. A plurality of pins 12 implemented on the outer conductor contact element 9 (preferably a pin 12 implemented at each of the four corners of the second interface 4 of the plug-in connector 1) are correspondingly inserted into the associated outer conductor holes 13 in the printed circuit board 3 and are electrically and mechanically connected to the contact surfaces on the inner walls of the outer conductor holes 13.

[0083] Figure 1D A side view of the differential angled plug-in connector is shown from the rear, ie from the side opposite to the plug-in side, from which the individual components of the plug-in connector are assembled. Figure 1E A side view from the front, ie from the plug-in side, is shown, from which side the differential angled plug-in connector is plugged into a corresponding differential mating plug-in connector. Figure 1D and Figure 1E For further illustration of the individual components of the plug-in connector, in particular the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 layout.

[0084] In all exemplary embodiments of the contact element pair 6, and therefore in all exemplary embodiments of the differential angled plug-in connector 1, as described below based on Figure 2A and Figure 2B The first exemplary embodiment of the contact element pair 6 is illustrated by way of example, wherein the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The contact element pair 6 consists of a plurality of longitudinal sections which are connected to each other by specific angular relationships:

[0085] like Figure 2AAs shown, the contact element pair 6 has a first longitudinal section 14 at the first interface 2, in which the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 At the second interface 4, the contact element pair 6 has a second longitudinal section 15, in which the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 They are likewise oriented parallel to one another and likewise have a linear character.

[0086] In the contact element pair 6, between the first longitudinal section 14 and the second longitudinal section 15 there is a third longitudinal section 16, in which the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 Respectively relative to the first rotation axis 17 1 Bending first rotation angle ф 1 At the same time, by placing the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 Bending second rotation angle ф 2 , first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The longitudinal axis L 1 and L 2 With respect to the second rotation axis 17 2 For the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 , the first rotation axis 17 1 In the first and second longitudinal sections 14, 15, respectively, the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The longitudinal axis L 1 and L 2 Orthogonally oriented. Second axis of rotation 17 2 In the entire longitudinal extension of the third longitudinal portion 16 relative to the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 Centered extension.

[0087] Apart from Figure 2A In addition to the view in FIG. 1 , the contact element pair 6 has a fourth longitudinal section 18 between the second longitudinal section 15 and the third longitudinal section 16, in which the first contact element 7 is connected to the contact element pair 6 by 1 and the second contact element 7 2 Bending third rotation angle ф 3 , first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The longitudinal axis L1 and L 2 With respect to the third rotation axis 17 3 Parallel movement. The third axis of rotation 17 3 In the longitudinal extension of the fourth longitudinal portion 18 relative to the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 Centered extension.

[0088] First axis of rotation 17 1 , second rotation axis 17 2 and the third rotation axis 17 3 The position and the first rotation angle ф 1 、Second rotation angle ф 2 and the third rotation angle ф 3 With respect to the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The orientation is through FIG. 3A to FIG. 8C The description of all exemplary embodiments of the contact element pair 6 in FIG. 6 is further explained, and is now explained as follows:

[0089] In accordance with Figure 3A , Figure 3B and Figure 3C In a first exemplary embodiment of the contact element pair 6, the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The longitudinal axis L 1 and L 2 The first and second longitudinal portions 14 and 15 are at a first angle φ of 90° relative to each other. 1 ' orientation. Thus, in the first subsection 16 of the third longitudinal section 16 1 In the embodiment, between the first and second longitudinal portions 14 and 15, the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 With respect to the first rotation axis 17 1 The first rotation angle ф of the 90° bend 1 ', wherein the first sub-portion 16 of the third longitudinal portion 16 1 Adjacent to the second longitudinal portion 15 .

[0090] In the first longitudinal portion 14, as Figure 3C As shown, the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The longitudinal axis L 1 and L 2 Across the first plane 19 1 , the first plane 19 1 Parallel to the first contact element 7 in the second longitudinal section 15 1and the second contact element 7 2 The longitudinal axis L 1 and L 2 Therefore, the first plane 19 1 The first contact element 7 in the second longitudinal portion 15 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The longitudinal axis L 1 and L 2 The second angle between 2 ' is 0°. Therefore, the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The longitudinal axis L 1 and L 2 In the second subsection 16 of the third longitudinal section 16 2 The first contact element 7 moves parallel to the axial end of 1 and the second contact element 7 2 With respect to the second rotation axis 17 2 Second rotation angle ф of 90° bend 2 In the first subsection 16 of the third longitudinal section 1 and the first longitudinal portion 14 .

[0091] First contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 With respect to the second rotation axis 17 2 Second rotation angle ф of 90° bend 2 , so that the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The electrical length of the second subsection 16 of the third longitudinal section 16 is 2 The first contact element 7 in the second longitudinal portion 15 is equal. 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The longitudinal axis L 1 and L 2 The second plane spanned 19 2 Therefore, relative to the first plane 19 1 Orthogonal orientation, such as Figure 3B shown.

[0092] In accordance with Figure 4A , Figure 4B and Figure 4C In a second exemplary embodiment of the contact element pair 6, the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 With respect to the first rotation axis 17 1 Bending (bending 90° first rotation angle ф 1), and through the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 With respect to the second rotation axis 17 2 Second rotation angle ф of 90° bend 2 The first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The longitudinal axis L 1 and L 2 The parallel movement is performed simultaneously between the axial ends of the third longitudinal portion 16. 1 and the second contact element 7 2 With respect to the second rotation axis 17 2 Second rotation angle ф of 90° bend 2 This is also achieved in such a way that the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The electrical lengths of the electrodes 10 and 11 are equal within the third longitudinal portion 16 .

[0093] Figure 5A , Figure 5B and Figure 5C A third exemplary embodiment of a contact element pair 6 is shown, wherein the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The longitudinal axis L 1 and L 2 At a first angle φ of 120° between the first and second longitudinal portions 14 and 15 1 'oriented so as to be at an angle different from 90° relative to each other.

[0094] Fig. 6A , Figure 6B and Figure 6C A fourth exemplary embodiment of a contact element pair 6 is shown, wherein the first plane 19 1 Not parallel to the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The longitudinal axis L 1 and L 2 Thus, in the second longitudinal portion 15, the first plane 19 1 The first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The longitudinal axis L 1 and L 2 The second angle between 2 ' is not 0°. Therefore, the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 Respectively relative to the second rotation axis 17 2 bend so that the first contact element 71 and the second contact element 7 2 The longitudinal axis L 1 and L 2 The associated second rotation angle φ2 of the parallel movement between the axial ends of the third longitudinal portion 16 is also not 90°.

[0095] In such Fig. 7A , Figure 7B and Figure 7C In the fifth exemplary embodiment of the contact element pair 6 shown, the first plane 19 1 Located on the second plane 19 2 In contrast to the first, second, third and fourth exemplary embodiments of the contact element pair 6, in the first, second, third and fourth exemplary embodiments, the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The longitudinal axis L 1 and L 2 The first contact elements 7 are arranged adjacent to each other and equidistant from the first interface 2 at the second interface 4 in the second longitudinal section 15 , whereas in the fifth exemplary embodiment, at the second interface 4 , the first contact elements 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The longitudinal axis L 1 and L 2 are arranged successively in the second longitudinal section 15 and are therefore at different distances relative to the first interface 2. The second plane 19 2 Oriented so that it is relative to the third plane 19 3 Pivot third angle ф 3 , the third plane 19 3 At the axial end of the third longitudinal portion 15 facing the second interface 4, the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The longitudinal axis L 1 and L 2 Cross.

[0096] In order to connect the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The longitudinal axis L 1 and L 2 From the second plane 19 2 The position in the middle is moved parallel to the third plane 19 3 In the position of the second longitudinal section 15 and the third longitudinal section 16, the fourth longitudinal section 18 of the contact element pair 6 is realized. Between the axial ends of the fourth longitudinal section 18, the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 are bent so that the first contact element 7 1and the second contact element 7 2 The longitudinal extension of the first contact element 7 is the same as 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The longitudinal axis L 1 and L 2 With respect to the third rotation axis 17 3 The third rotation angle ф of parallel movement 90° 3 The third axis of rotation 17 3 With respect to the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 It extends centrally in the fourth longitudinal portion 18 .

[0097] like Fig. 8A , Figure 8B and Figure 8C The sixth exemplary embodiment of the contact element pair 6 is shown, showing the second plane 19 2 With respect to the third plane 19 3 Rotated by the third rotation angle ф 3 , the third rotation angle ф 3 It is 45°, and therefore is different from 0° in the first to fourth exemplary embodiments and also different from 90° in the fifth exemplary embodiment.

[0098] In order to connect the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The longitudinal axis L 1 and L 2 From the second plane 19 2 The position in the middle is moved parallel to the third plane 19 3 The fourth longitudinal section 18 of the contact element pair 6 is formed between the second longitudinal section 15 and the third longitudinal section 16. Between the axial ends of the fourth longitudinal section 18, the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 are bent so that when the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The longitudinal extension of the first contact element 7 is the same as 1 and the second contact element 7 2 The longitudinal axis L 1 and L 2 With respect to the third rotation axis 17 3 Parallel translation equals the third rotation angle ф of 90° 3 The third axis of rotation 17 3 With respect to the first contact element 7 1 and the second contact element 7 2 It extends centrally in the fourth longitudinal portion 18 .

[0099] according to Fig. 8A , Figure 8B and Figure 8C A sixth exemplary embodiment of a contact element pair 6 showing a second plane 19 2 With respect to the third plane 19 3 Rotated by the third rotation angle ф 3 , the third rotation angle ф 3 It is 45°, and thus is different from 0° in the first to fourth exemplary embodiments and also different from 90° in the fifth exemplary embodiment.

[0100] at last, Fig.9A , Fig. 9B and Fig. 9C 1 shows a differential electrical plug-in connection device 20, which comprises a differential electrical plug-in connector 1 according to the present invention and an associated differential electrical mating plug-in connector 5. The differential mating plug-in connector 5 can be implemented as a straight-type differential mating plug-in connector, or as a Fig.9A , Fig. 9B and Fig. 9C As shown, it is implemented as a differential angled plug-in connector 5 .

[0101] The differential angled plug-in connector 5 includes a pair of mating contact elements 21, wherein the pair of mating contact elements 21 includes a first mating contact element 22 1 and the second mating contact element 22 2 When the differential plug-in connection device 20 is a plug connection, they are respectively connected to the first contact element 7 of the differential oblique plug-in connector 1 1 and the second contact element 7 2 Make electrical and mechanical contact. First mating contact element 22 1 and the second mating contact element 22 2 The insulator element 23 is electrically insulated from the outer conductor mating contact element 24 of the differential mating plug-in connector 5. The two mating contact elements 22 1 and 22 2 In each case, in the third longitudinal section 25 of the mating contact element pair 21 relative to the fourth rotation axis 17 4 Bending fourth rotation angle ф 4 (preferably 90°) and have equal electrical lengths. 1 and the second mating contact element 22 2 Each is implemented linearly in a first longitudinal section 26 of the mating contact element pair 21 at the connector interface and in a second longitudinal section 27 of the mating contact element pair 21 at the cable interface, and each has the same electrical length.

[0102] This results in the differential electrical plug-in connector 5 being respectively connected at the contact elements 71 and 7 2 and the mating contact element 22 1 and 22 2 All longitudinal portions of have equal electrical length and therefore advantageously do not produce a phase shift (skewing) in the differential signal.

[0103] Although the present invention has been entirely described above with reference to preferred exemplary embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto but can be modified in various ways.

Claims

1. An electrical plug-in connector (1) for transmitting differential signals between a first interface (2) and a second interface (4), comprising a contact element pair (6) having a first contact element (71) and a second contact element (72), The longitudinal axes of the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) in the first longitudinal section (14) of the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) at the first interface (2) are at a first angle (ф1') relative to the longitudinal axes of the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) in the second longitudinal section (15) of the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) at the second interface (4), It is characterized in that A first plane (191) spanned by the longitudinal axes of the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) in the first longitudinal section (14) is at a second angle (φ2') relative to the longitudinal axes of the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) in the second longitudinal section (15), The third longitudinal section (16) of the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) is realized between the first longitudinal section (14) and the second longitudinal section (15) of the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72), respectively. In the third longitudinal section (16), the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) are bent by a first rotation angle (ф1) corresponding to a first angle (ф1') relative to a first rotation axis (171), the first rotation axis (171) being oriented orthogonally relative to the longitudinal axes of the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) in the first longitudinal section (14) and the second longitudinal section (15), respectively. In the third longitudinal section (16), the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) are additionally bent around a second rotation axis (172) by a second rotation angle (ф2), and the second rotation axis (172) extends centrally between the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) in the third longitudinal section (16), so that the longitudinal axes of the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) are parallelly moved by the second rotation angle (ф2) relative to the second rotation axis (172), and the second rotation angle (ф2) can be obtained by subtracting the second angle (ф2') from 90°.

2. The electrical plug-in connector (1) according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In the third longitudinal section (16), the longitudinal extension lengths of the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) are equal, and the longitudinal axes of the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) are parallelly moved relative to the second rotation axis (172) through a second rotation angle (φ2).

3. The electrical plug-in connector (1) according to claim 1 or 2, It is characterized in that In the third longitudinal section (16), the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) are bent at a first rotation angle (φ1) with equal bending radii relative to the first rotation axis (171).

4. The electrical plug-in connector (1) according to claim 1 or 2, It is characterized in that In the third longitudinal portion (16), the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) are respectively bent at a second rotation angle (ф2) relative to the second rotation axis (172), so that the longitudinal axes of the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) are respectively moved parallel to the second rotation axis (172) by the same amount in a first radial direction, and are respectively moved parallel to the second rotation axis (172) by the same amount in a second radial direction, and the second rotation axis (172) is oriented orthogonally relative to the first radial direction.

5. The electrical plug-in connector (1) according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) are respectively bent at a first rotation angle (ф1) in a first subsection (161) of a third longitudinal section (16) adjacent to the second longitudinal section (15), and are bent at a second rotation angle (ф2) in a second subsection (162) of the third longitudinal section (16), wherein the second subsection (162) is located between the first longitudinal section (14) and the first subsection (161) of the third longitudinal section (16).

6. The electrical plug-in connector (1) according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The first rotation angle (ф1) is within the angle range between 45° and 135°.

7. The electrical plug-in connector (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that The first rotation angle (ф1) is within the angle range between 70° and 110°.

8. The electrical plug-in connector (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that The first rotation angle (ф1) is within the angle range between 85° and 95°.

9. The electrical plug-in connector (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that The first rotation angle (ф1) is 90°.

10. The electrical plug-in connector (1) according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The second rotation angle (ф2) is greater than or less than 0°.

11. The electrical plug-in connector (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that The second rotation angle (ф2) is greater than 45° or less than -45°.

12. The electrical plug-in connector (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that The second rotation angle (ф2) is greater than 80° or less than -80°.

13. The electrical plug-in connector (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that The second rotation angle (ф2) is ±90°.

14. The electrical plug-in connector (1) according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In the third longitudinal section (16), the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) respectively have the same extension in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) in the first longitudinal section (14).

15. Electrical plug-in connector (1) according to claim 14, It is characterized in that The fourth longitudinal section (18) of the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) is realized between the third longitudinal section (16) and the second longitudinal section (15), and in the fourth longitudinal section (18), the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) are bent respectively, so that under the same longitudinal extension length of the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72), the longitudinal axes of the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) are parallelly moved by a third rotation angle (φ3) relative to the third rotation axis (173), wherein the third rotation axis (173) extends centrally between the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) in the fourth longitudinal section (18).

16. Electrical plug-in connector (1) according to claim 15, It is characterized in that The third rotation angle (ф3) corresponds to a third angle (ф3') between the second plane (192) and the third plane (193), wherein the second plane (192) is spanned by the longitudinal axes of the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) in the second longitudinal portion (15), and the third plane (193) is spanned by the longitudinal axes of the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) at the axial end of the third longitudinal portion (16) facing the second interface (4).

17. Electrical plug-in connector (1) according to claim 16, It is characterized in that The third rotation angle (ф3) is greater than or less than 0°.

18. The electrical plug-in connector (1) according to claim 17, characterized in that The third rotation angle (ф3) is greater than 45° or less than -45°.

19. The electrical plug-in connector (1) according to claim 17, characterized in that The third rotation angle (ф3) is greater than 80° or less than -80°.

20. The electrical plug-in connector (1) according to claim 17, characterized in that The third rotation angle (ф3) is ±90°.

21. The electrical plug-in connector (1) according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In the first longitudinal section (14), the second longitudinal section (15) and the third longitudinal section (16), the distance between the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) is respectively the same, and / or the diameters of the first contact element (71) and the second contact element (72) are respectively the same.

22. An electrical plug-in connection device (20) consisting of an electrical plug-in connector (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 21 and an associated electrical mating plug-in connector (5).

23. The electrical plug-in connection device (20) according to claim 22, It is characterized in that The mating plug-in connector (5) has a mating contact element pair (21), wherein the mating contact element pair (21) has a first mating contact element (221) and a second mating contact element (222), wherein the first mating contact element (221) and the second mating contact element (222) respectively have the same electrical length and are respectively bent at a fourth rotation angle (ф4) with the same radius of curvature.

24. The electrical plug-in connection device (20) according to claim 23, characterized in that The fourth rotation angle (ф4) is 90°.

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