Ultrasonic-assisted high-efficiency precision gear grinding device and method for superhard gears

Abstract

The present invention discloses a superhard gear ultrasonic-assisted high-efficiency precision gear grinding processing device and method. The method calculates a first deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude based on the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point and the amplitude ratio of each test point; calculates a second deviation of the overall gear processing of each test point based on the offline measured coordinates and theoretical coordinates; calculates a third deviation caused by the motion of the tool and the machine tool based on the workpiece gear error and the tool gear error; calculates a fourth deviation caused by the cutting force based on the horizontal displacement, vertical displacement, displacement changes in multiple directions, and the rotation angle; calculates the original error of the machine tool motion at each test point based on the first deviation, the second deviation, the third deviation, and the fourth deviation; calculates a compensation value, and adjusts the position of the tool gear and the workpiece gear based on the compensation value. The present invention can improve the processing accuracy of superhard gears and avoid the influence of path changes caused by ultrasonic vibration on the shape accuracy of the gear.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gear processing, and in particular to a device and method for ultrasonically assisted high-efficiency precision gear grinding of superhard gears. Background Art

[0002] Improving the strength and hardness of gears can significantly improve gear performance. The new generation of ultra-hard, high-strength gears has a hardness exceeding 65HRC and a strength exceeding 1900MPa. When using traditional cutting processes, the cutting force thermal coefficient is large and the fluctuation amplitude is large. Using ultrasonic-assisted processing under appropriate working conditions, the cutting force is significantly reduced, the cutting heat is extremely improved, and the processing performance is greatly improved. However, under cutting thermal conditions, the vibration parameters of the ultrasonic vibration device deviate from the pre-set parameters, which significantly reduces the cutting performance improved by ultrasonic assistance. In addition, the interference between the shape and size of the tool gear and the workpiece gear caused by ultrasonic-assisted vibration significantly reduces the shape accuracy of the gear and reduces the gear meshing performance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes an apparatus and method for ultrasonically assisted, high-efficiency, and precision grinding of superhard gears. This method improves the machining accuracy of superhard gears and prevents the effects of ultrasonic vibration-induced path changes on gear shape accuracy.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a superhard gear ultrasonically assisted high-efficiency precision gear grinding processing device, the superhard gear ultrasonically assisted high-efficiency precision gear grinding processing device comprising:

[0005] a data acquisition unit, configured to acquire vibration amplitudes of a plurality of test points in a plurality of directions and a vibration amplitude of an end cutting point, and to compare the vibration amplitude of each test point with the vibration amplitude of an end point of the gear to obtain an amplitude ratio of each test point;

[0006] a first calculation unit, configured to calculate a first deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude based on the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point and the amplitude ratio of each of the test points;

[0007] The second calculation unit is configured to obtain target cutting parameters with the goal of achieving preset values ​​for surface roughness and surface residual stress; and calculate a second deviation of the overall gear machining of each of the test points based on the offline measured coordinates and the theoretical coordinates under the target cutting parameters;

[0008] a third calculation unit, configured to machine the gear using the target cutting parameters, calculate a workpiece gear error and a tool gear error at each test point, and calculate a third deviation caused by motion between the tool and the machine tool based on the workpiece gear error and the tool gear error;

[0009] a data measurement unit, configured to measure the cutting force at each of the test points under the target cutting parameters, and obtain displacement changes and rotation angles in multiple directions based on the cutting force;

[0010] a fourth calculation unit, configured to calculate, based on the rotation angle, a horizontal displacement and a vertical displacement caused by the rotation angle, and calculate, based on the horizontal displacement, the vertical displacement, the displacement changes in the multiple directions, and the rotation angle, a fourth deviation caused by the cutting force;

[0011] a fifth calculating unit, configured to calculate an original error of the machine tool motion at each test point according to the first deviation, the second deviation, the third deviation, and the fourth deviation;

[0012] a curve fitting unit, configured to perform curve fitting on the original machine tool motion error, the first deviation, the third deviation, and the fourth deviation of each test point, respectively, to obtain an original machine tool motion error curve, a first deviation curve, a third deviation curve, and a fourth deviation curve;

[0013] The gear grinding processing unit is used to calculate the compensation value based on the original error curve of the machine tool motion, the first deviation curve, the third deviation curve and the fourth deviation curve; and adjust the position of the tool gear and the workpiece gear according to the compensation value to complete the ultrasonic-assisted efficient and precise gear grinding of superhard gears.

[0014] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for ultrasonically assisted high-efficiency precision gear grinding of superhard gears, the method comprising:

[0015] Obtaining vibration amplitudes of multiple test points in multiple directions and the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point, and comparing the vibration amplitude of each test point with the vibration amplitude of the gear end point to obtain an amplitude ratio of each test point;

[0016] Calculating a first deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude based on the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point and the amplitude ratio of each of the test points;

[0017] With the goal of achieving preset values ​​for surface roughness and surface residual stress, target cutting parameters are obtained; under the target cutting parameters, a second deviation of the overall gear machining of each test point is calculated based on the offline measured coordinates and the theoretical coordinates;

[0018] Processing the gear using the target cutting parameters, calculating the workpiece gear error and the tool gear error at each test point, and calculating a third deviation caused by the movement of the tool and the machine tool based on the workpiece gear error and the tool gear error;

[0019] measuring the cutting force at each test point under the target cutting parameters, and obtaining displacement changes and rotation angles in multiple directions based on the cutting force;

[0020] Calculating a horizontal displacement and a vertical displacement caused by the rotation angle according to the rotation angle, and calculating a fourth deviation caused by the cutting force according to the horizontal displacement, the vertical displacement, the displacement changes in the multiple directions, and the rotation angle;

[0021] Calculate the original error of the machine tool motion at each test point according to the first deviation, the second deviation, the third deviation, and the fourth deviation;

[0022] Performing curve fitting on the original machine tool motion error, the first deviation, the third deviation, and the fourth deviation of each test point to obtain an original machine tool motion error curve, a first deviation curve, a third deviation curve, and a fourth deviation curve;

[0023] A compensation value is calculated based on the original error curve of the machine tool motion, the first deviation curve, the third deviation curve and the fourth deviation curve; and the position of the tool gear and the workpiece gear is adjusted according to the compensation value to complete the ultrasonic-assisted efficient and precise gear grinding of superhard gears.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the second aspect of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] This method can improve the measurement accuracy by calculating the second deviation of the overall gear processing of each test point based on the offline measurement coordinates and the theoretical coordinates, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement, thereby improving the accuracy of the calculation of the second deviation of the overall gear processing; by calculating the first deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude, the third deviation caused by the tool and machine tool motion, the fourth deviation caused by the cutting force and the original error of the machine tool motion, various errors are comprehensively considered, and the calculation accuracy of the processing error of the superhard gear can be improved; then, the original error of the machine tool motion, the first deviation, the third deviation and the fourth deviation of each test point are curve fitted respectively, and the compensation value is calculated according to the original error curve of the machine tool motion, the first deviation curve, the third deviation curve and the fourth deviation curve, and the position of the tool gear and the workpiece gear is adjusted according to the compensation value to complete the ultrasonic-assisted efficient and precise grinding of the superhard gear, and the compensation value is calculated by the calculated high-precision processing error, which can improve the calculation accuracy of the compensation value, and finally the position of the tool gear and the workpiece gear is adjusted according to the high-precision compensation value, which can improve the processing accuracy of the superhard gear, improve the cutting performance, and avoid the influence of the path change caused by ultrasonic vibration on the gear shape accuracy.

[0026] According to some embodiments of the present invention, calculating the first deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude based on the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point and the amplitude ratio of each of the test points includes:

[0027] According to the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point and the amplitude ratio of each test point, the ultrasonic vibration amplitudes in the x, y, and z directions are calculated as follows:

[0028]

[0029]

[0030]

[0031] The first deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude is obtained based on the ultrasonic vibration amplitudes in the x, y, and z directions:

[0032]

[0033] in, represents the ultrasonic vibration amplitude in the x direction of the i-th test point, Represents the amplitude ratio of the i-th test point in the x direction, represents the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point in the x-direction of the i-th test point, represents the ultrasonic vibration amplitude in the y direction of the i-th test point, Represents the amplitude ratio of the y direction of the i-th test point, represents the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point in the y direction of the i-th test point, represents the ultrasonic vibration amplitude in the z direction of the i-th test point, Represents the amplitude ratio of the i-th test point in the z direction, represents the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point in the z direction of the i-th test point, Δ u i It represents the first deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude of the i-th test point.

[0034] According to some embodiments of the present invention, calculating the workpiece gear error and the tool gear error at each test point includes:

[0035] The workpiece gear error of each test point is calculated as:

[0036]

[0037]

[0038]

[0039]

[0040] The tool gear error of each test point is calculated as:

[0041]

[0042]

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] Wherein, x represents the initial coordinate of the test point on the x-axis, y represents the initial coordinate of the test point on the y-axis, z represents the initial coordinate of the test point on the z-axis, θ represents the angle of the initial coordinate of the test point deviating from the center point, x1 represents the theoretical coordinate of the test point on the x-axis after movement, y1 represents the theoretical coordinate of the test point on the y-axis after movement, z1 represents the theoretical coordinate of the test point on the z-axis after movement, θ1 represents the angle of the theoretical coordinate of the test point after movement deviating from the center point, x2 represents the actual coordinate of the test point on the x-axis after movement, y2 represents the actual coordinate of the test point on the y-axis after movement, z2 represents the actual coordinate of the test point on the z-axis after movement, θ2 represents the angle of the actual coordinate of the test point after movement deviating from the center point, x3 represents the initial coordinate of another test point on the x-axis, y3 represents the initial coordinate of another test point on the y-axis, z3 represents the initial coordinate of another test point on the z-axis, ψ3 represents the initial deflection angle of another test point, x4 represents the theoretical coordinate of another test point on the x-axis after movement, y4 represents the theoretical coordinate of another test point on the y-axis after movement, z4 represents the theoretical coordinate of another test point on the z-axis after movement, ψ4 represents the theoretical deflection angle of another test point, x5 represents the actual coordinate of another test point on the x-axis after movement, y5 represents the actual coordinate of another test point on the y-axis after movement, z5 represents the actual coordinate of another test point on the z-axis after movement, and ψ5 represents the actual deflection angle of another test point.

[0046] According to some embodiments of the present invention, calculating the third deviation caused by the motion of the tool and the machine tool based on the workpiece gear error and the tool gear error includes:

[0047] According to the workpiece gear error, the first compensation deviation from the initial position to the ideal position is calculated:

[0048]

[0049]

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] According to the tool gear error, the second compensation deviation from the initial position to the ideal position is calculated:

[0053]

[0054]

[0055]

[0056]

[0057] The first compensation deviation and the second compensation deviation are added together to obtain the third deviation caused by the movement of the tool and the machine tool:

[0058]

[0059] Among them, x6 represents the initial coordinate of the test point on the x-axis, y6 represents the initial coordinate of the test point on the y-axis, z6 represents the initial coordinate of the test point on the z-axis, θ6 represents the initial tooth direction angle, x7 represents the theoretical coordinate of the test point on the x-axis after movement, y7 represents the theoretical coordinate of the test point on the y-axis after movement, z7 represents the theoretical coordinate of the test point on the z-axis after movement, θ7 represents the theoretical tooth direction angle, x8 represents the initial coordinate of any point on the x-axis, y8 represents the initial coordinate of any point on the y-axis, z8 represents the initial coordinate of any point on the z-axis, ψ8 represents the initial tooth direction angle of any point, x9 represents the theoretical coordinate of any point on the x-axis after movement, y9 represents the theoretical coordinate of any point on the y-axis after movement, z9 represents the theoretical coordinate of any point on the z-axis after movement, ψ9 represents the theoretical tooth direction angle of any point, It represents the third deviation caused by the motion of the tool and machine tool at the i-th test point.

[0060] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the calculating, based on the rotation angle, the horizontal displacement and the vertical displacement caused by the rotation angle, and calculating, based on the horizontal displacement, the vertical displacement, the displacement changes in the multiple directions, and the rotation angle, the fourth deviation caused by the cutting force includes:

[0061] The horizontal displacement and vertical displacement caused by the rotation angle are calculated as follows:

[0062]

[0063] y s,y i =rcosζ s i

[0064] According to the horizontal displacement, the vertical displacement, the displacement changes in the multiple directions, and the rotation angle, the fourth deviation caused by the cutting force is calculated as:

[0065]

[0066] in, represents the horizontal displacement of the i-th test point, r represents the outer radius of the tool gear, ζ s i Indicates the rotation angle of the i-th test point, y s,y i represents the vertical displacement of the i-th test point, Δ F i represents the fourth deviation caused by the cutting force at the i-th test point, x s i Indicates the displacement change in the x direction of the i-th test point, y s i Indicates the displacement change in the y direction of the i-th test point, z s i Indicates the displacement change of the i-th test point in the z direction.

[0067] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the original error of the machine tool motion at each test point is calculated as follows:

[0068]

[0069] Among them, Δ s i represents the original error of the machine tool motion at the i-th test point, Indicates the first deviation of the i-th test point, Δ i represents the second deviation of the i-th test point, represents the third deviation of the i-th test point, represents the fourth deviation of the i-th test point.

[0070] According to some embodiments of the present invention, calculating the compensation value based on the original error curve of the machine tool motion, the first deviation curve, the third deviation curve, and the fourth deviation curve includes:

[0071] According to the first deviation curve and the third deviation curve, a first compensation value is calculated as follows:

[0072]

[0073] Δ k s =Δ k +K1(x,y,z)+K3(x,y,z)

[0074] According to the original error curve of the machine tool motion and the fourth deviation curve, the second compensation value is calculated as follows:

[0075] S c 1 (x,y,z)=S c (x,y,z)+K2(x,y,z)+K4(x,y,z)

[0076] Among them, Δ k Indicates the original positioning point of the workpiece gear, x w1 Indicates the coordinate of the original positioning point on the x-axis, y w1 Indicates the coordinate of the original positioning point on the y axis, z w1 Indicates the coordinate of the original positioning point on the z axis, θ w1 represents the angle of the original positioning point, K1(x, y, z) represents the coordinates on the third deviation curve, K3(x, y, z) represents the coordinates on the first deviation curve, Δ k s Indicates the first compensation value, S c 1 (x, y, z) represents the second compensation value, S c (x, y, z) represents the original gear grinding processing path, K2 (x, y, z) represents the coordinates on the fourth deviation curve, and K4 (x, y, z) represents the coordinates on the original error curve of the machine tool motion.

[0077] In the third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention also provides an ultrasonically assisted, efficient, and precise gear grinding processing device for superhard gears, comprising at least one control processor and a memory for communicating with the at least one control processor; the memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one control processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one control processor so that the at least one control processor can execute a superhard gear ultrasonically assisted, efficient, and precise gear grinding processing method as described above.

[0078] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are used to enable a computer to execute the above-mentioned ultrasonic-assisted efficient and precise grinding method for superhard gears.

[0079] It can be understood that the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned first aspect, third aspect and fourth aspect compared with the relevant technology are the same as the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned second aspect compared with the relevant technology. Please refer to the relevant description in the above-mentioned second aspect and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0080] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0081] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for ultrasonically assisted high-efficiency precision gear grinding of superhard gears according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0082] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a superhard gear ultrasonic-assisted high-efficiency precision gear grinding device according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0083] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0084] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0085] In the description of the present invention, if there is a description of first, second, etc., it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0086] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientation, such as the orientation or positional relationship indicated by up, down, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0087] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0088] Because the ultrasonic vibration device's vibration parameters deviate from pre-set parameters under cutting thermal conditions, the cutting performance improved by ultrasonic assistance is significantly reduced. Furthermore, the interference between the tool and workpiece gear shapes and dimensions caused by ultrasonic-assisted vibration significantly reduces the gear's shape accuracy and degrades gear meshing performance.

[0089] To solve the above problems, the present invention calculates the second deviation of the overall gear processing of each test point based on the offline measurement coordinates and the theoretical coordinates, thereby improving the measurement accuracy and thus improving the accuracy of the calculation of the second deviation of the overall gear processing; by calculating the first deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude, the third deviation caused by the tool and machine tool motion, the fourth deviation caused by the cutting force and the original error of the machine tool motion, various errors are comprehensively considered, and the calculation accuracy of the processing error of the superhard gear can be improved; then the original error of the machine tool motion, the first deviation, the third deviation and the fourth deviation of each test point are respectively curve fitted, and the compensation value is calculated according to the original error curve of the machine tool motion, the first deviation curve, the third deviation curve and the fourth deviation curve, and the tool gear and the workpiece gear are position adjusted according to the compensation value to complete the ultrasonic-assisted efficient and precise grinding of the superhard gear, and the compensation value is calculated by the high-precision processing error obtained by calculation, which can improve the calculation accuracy of the compensation value, and finally the tool gear and the workpiece gear are position adjusted according to the high-precision compensation value, which can improve the processing accuracy of the superhard gear, improve the cutting performance, and avoid the influence of the path change caused by ultrasonic vibration on the gear shape accuracy.

[0090] Reference Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for ultrasonically assisted high-efficiency precision gear grinding of superhard gears. The method includes but is not limited to steps S100 to S900, wherein:

[0091] Step S100, obtaining vibration amplitudes of multiple test points in multiple directions and the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point, and comparing the vibration amplitude of each test point with the vibration amplitude of the gear end point to obtain an amplitude ratio of each test point;

[0092] Step S200, calculating a first deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude based on the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point and the amplitude ratio of each test point;

[0093] Step S300: Target cutting parameters are obtained with the surface roughness and surface residual stress reaching preset values ​​as the goal; under the target cutting parameters, the second deviation of the overall gear machining of each test point is calculated based on the offline measured coordinates and the theoretical coordinates;

[0094] Step S400: machining the gear using the target cutting parameters, calculating the workpiece gear error and the tool gear error at each test point, and calculating the third deviation caused by the movement of the tool and the machine tool based on the workpiece gear error and the tool gear error;

[0095] Step S500: measuring the cutting force of each test point under target cutting parameters, and obtaining displacement changes and rotation angles in multiple directions based on the cutting force;

[0096] Step S600: Calculate the horizontal displacement and vertical displacement caused by the rotation angle according to the rotation angle, and calculate the fourth deviation caused by the cutting force according to the horizontal displacement, the vertical displacement, the displacement changes in multiple directions, and the rotation angle;

[0097] Step S700: Calculate the original error of the machine tool motion at each test point based on the first deviation, the second deviation, the third deviation, and the fourth deviation;

[0098] Step S800, curve fitting is performed on the original error, first deviation, third deviation and fourth deviation of the machine tool motion at each test point to obtain the original error curve, first deviation curve, third deviation curve and fourth deviation curve of the machine tool motion;

[0099] Step S900: Calculate the compensation value based on the original error curve, the first deviation curve, the third deviation curve, and the fourth deviation curve of the machine tool motion; and adjust the position of the tool gear and the workpiece gear based on the compensation value to complete the ultrasonic-assisted efficient and precise gear grinding of the superhard gear.

[0100] In this embodiment, in order to improve the measurement accuracy, this embodiment obtains target cutting parameters by taking surface roughness and surface residual stress reaching preset values ​​as the target, and calculates the second deviation of the overall gear processing of each test point based on the offline measurement coordinates and the theoretical coordinates under the target cutting parameters; in order to improve the calculation accuracy of the processing error of the superhard gear, this embodiment obtains the vibration amplitudes of multiple test points in multiple directions and the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point, and compares the vibration amplitude of each test point with the vibration amplitude of the end point of the gear to obtain the amplitude ratio of each test point, calculates the first deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude based on the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point and the amplitude ratio of each test point, processes the gear using the target cutting parameters, calculates the workpiece gear error and tool gear error of each test point, and calculates the third deviation caused by the movement of the tool and the machine tool based on the workpiece gear error and the tool gear error, and measures the cutting force of each test point under the target cutting parameters. , and based on the cutting force, the displacement changes and angles in multiple directions are obtained, and the horizontal displacement and vertical displacement caused by the angle are calculated according to the angle, and the fourth deviation caused by the cutting force is calculated according to the horizontal displacement, the vertical displacement, the displacement changes in multiple directions and the angle, and the original error of the machine tool motion at each test point is calculated according to the first deviation, the second deviation, the third deviation and the fourth deviation; in order to improve the processing accuracy of superhard gears and improve the cutting performance, this embodiment performs curve fitting on the original error, the first deviation, the third deviation and the fourth deviation of the machine tool motion at each test point respectively to obtain the original error curve, the first deviation curve, the third deviation curve and the fourth deviation curve of the machine tool motion, and calculates the compensation value according to the original error curve, the first deviation curve, the third deviation curve and the fourth deviation curve of the machine tool motion; and adjusts the position of the tool gear and the workpiece gear according to the compensation value to complete the ultrasonic-assisted efficient and precise gear grinding of superhard gears.

[0101] In some embodiments, calculating the first deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude based on the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point and the amplitude ratio of each test point includes:

[0102] According to the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point and the amplitude ratio of each test point, the ultrasonic vibration amplitudes in the x, y, and z directions are calculated as follows:

[0103]

[0104]

[0105]

[0106] The first deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude is obtained based on the ultrasonic vibration amplitude in the x, y, and z directions:

[0107]

[0108] in, represents the ultrasonic vibration amplitude of the end cutting point in the x-direction of the i-th test point, Represents the amplitude ratio of the i-th test point in the x direction, represents the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point in the x-direction of the i-th test point, represents the ultrasonic vibration amplitude in the y direction of the i-th test point, Represents the amplitude ratio of the y direction of the i-th test point, represents the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point in the y direction of the i-th test point, represents the ultrasonic vibration amplitude in the z direction of the i-th test point, Represents the amplitude ratio of the i-th test point in the z direction, represents the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point in the z direction of the i-th test point, Δ u i It represents the first deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude of the i-th test point.

[0109] In this embodiment, since it is difficult to accurately measure the amplitude of the cutting point, the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point is measured by a non-contact method, and then the first deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude is calculated based on the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point and the amplitude ratio of each test point, so that the first deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude can be accurately measured.

[0110] In some embodiments, calculating the workpiece gear error and the tool gear error at each test point includes:

[0111] Calculate the workpiece gear error at each test point as:

[0112]

[0113]

[0114]

[0115]

[0116] Calculate the tool gear error at each test point as:

[0117]

[0118]

[0119]

[0120]

[0121] Wherein, x represents the initial coordinate of the test point on the x-axis, y represents the initial coordinate of the test point on the y-axis, z represents the initial coordinate of the test point on the z-axis, θ represents the angle of the initial coordinate of the test point deviating from the center point, x1 represents the theoretical coordinate of the test point on the x-axis after movement, y1 represents the theoretical coordinate of the test point on the y-axis after movement, z1 represents the theoretical coordinate of the test point on the z-axis after movement, θ1 represents the angle of the theoretical coordinate of the test point after movement deviating from the center point, x2 represents the actual coordinate of the test point on the x-axis after movement, y2 represents the actual coordinate of the test point on the y-axis after movement, z2 represents the actual coordinate of the test point on the z-axis after movement, θ2 represents the angle of the actual coordinate of the test point after movement deviating from the center point, x3 represents the initial coordinate of another test point on the x-axis, y3 represents the initial coordinate of another test point on the y-axis, z3 represents the initial coordinate of another test point on the z-axis, ψ3 represents the initial deflection angle of another test point, x4 represents the theoretical coordinate of another test point on the x-axis after movement, y4 represents the theoretical coordinate of another test point on the y-axis after movement, z4 represents the theoretical coordinate of another test point on the z-axis after movement, ψ4 represents the theoretical deflection angle of another test point, x5 represents the actual coordinate of another test point on the x-axis after movement, y5 represents the actual coordinate of another test point on the y-axis after movement, z5 represents the actual coordinate of another test point on the z-axis after movement, and ψ5 represents the actual deflection angle of another test point.

[0122] In some embodiments, calculating the third deviation caused by the motion of the tool and the machine tool based on the workpiece gear error and the tool gear error includes:

[0123] Calculate the first compensation deviation from the initial position to the ideal position based on the workpiece gear error:

[0124]

[0125]

[0126]

[0127]

[0128] According to the tool gear error, calculate the second compensation deviation from the initial position to the ideal position:

[0129]

[0130]

[0131]

[0132]

[0133] Add the first compensation deviation and the second compensation deviation to obtain the third deviation caused by the movement of the tool and the machine tool:

[0134]

[0135] Among them, x6 represents the initial coordinate of the test point on the x-axis, y6 represents the initial coordinate of the test point on the y-axis, z6 represents the initial coordinate of the test point on the z-axis, θ6 represents the initial tooth direction angle, x7 represents the theoretical coordinate of the test point on the x-axis after movement, y7 represents the theoretical coordinate of the test point on the y-axis after movement, z7 represents the theoretical coordinate of the test point on the z-axis after movement, θ7 represents the theoretical tooth direction angle, x8 represents the initial coordinate of any point on the x-axis, y8 represents the initial coordinate of any point on the y-axis, z8 represents the initial coordinate of any point on the z-axis, ψ8 represents the initial tooth direction angle of any point, x9 represents the theoretical coordinate of any point on the x-axis after movement, y9 represents the theoretical coordinate of any point on the y-axis after movement, z9 represents the theoretical coordinate of any point on the z-axis after movement, ψ9 represents the theoretical tooth direction angle of any point, It represents the third deviation caused by the motion of the tool and machine tool at the i-th test point.

[0136] In this embodiment, the accuracy of the third deviation calculation can be improved by comprehensively considering the workpiece gear error and the tool gear error to calculate the third deviation caused by the movement of the tool and the machine tool.

[0137] In some embodiments, the horizontal displacement and the vertical displacement caused by the rotation angle are calculated based on the rotation angle, and the fourth deviation caused by the cutting force is calculated based on the horizontal displacement, the vertical displacement, the displacement changes in multiple directions, and the rotation angle, including:

[0138] According to the rotation angle, the horizontal displacement and vertical displacement caused by the rotation angle are calculated as follows:

[0139]

[0140] y s,y i =rcosζ s i

[0141] According to the horizontal displacement, vertical displacement, displacement changes in multiple directions and rotation angle, the fourth deviation caused by the cutting force is calculated as:

[0142]

[0143] in, represents the horizontal displacement of the i-th test point, r represents the outer radius of the tool gear, ζ si Indicates the rotation angle of the i-th test point, y s,y i represents the vertical displacement of the i-th test point, Δ F i represents the fourth deviation caused by the cutting force at the i-th test point, x s i Indicates the displacement change in the x direction of the i-th test point, y s i Indicates the displacement change in the y direction of the i-th test point, z s i Indicates the displacement change of the i-th test point in the z direction.

[0144] In this embodiment, the accuracy of calculating the fourth deviation can be improved by comprehensively considering the horizontal displacement, the vertical displacement, the displacement changes in multiple directions, and the rotation angle.

[0145] In some embodiments, the original error of the machine tool motion at each test point is calculated as follows:

[0146]

[0147] Among them, Δ s i represents the original error of the machine tool motion at the i-th test point, Indicates the first deviation of the i-th test point, Δ i represents the second deviation of the i-th test point, represents the third deviation of the i-th test point, represents the fourth deviation of the i-th test point.

[0148] In this embodiment, the high-precision first deviation, second deviation, third deviation, and fourth deviation are used to calculate the original error of the machine tool motion, thereby improving the accuracy of the calculation of the original error of the machine tool motion.

[0149] In some embodiments, calculating the compensation value based on the original error curve of the machine tool motion, the first deviation curve, the third deviation curve, and the fourth deviation curve includes:

[0150] According to the first deviation curve and the third deviation curve, the first compensation value is calculated as follows:

[0151]

[0152] Δ k s =Δ k +K1(x,y,z)+K3(x,y,z)

[0153] According to the original error curve of the machine tool motion and the fourth deviation curve, the second compensation value is calculated as follows:

[0154] S c 1 (x,y,z)=S c (x,y,z)+K2(x,y,z)+K4(x,y,z)

[0155] Among them, Δ k Indicates the original positioning point of the workpiece gear, x w1 Indicates the coordinate of the original positioning point on the x-axis, y w1 Indicates the coordinate of the original positioning point on the y axis, z w1 Indicates the coordinate of the original positioning point on the z axis, θ w1 represents the angle of the original positioning point, K1(x, y, z) represents the coordinates on the third deviation curve, K3(x, y, z) represents the coordinates on the first deviation curve, Δ k s Indicates the first compensation value, S c 1 (x, y, z) represents the second compensation value, S c (x, y, z) represents the original gear grinding machining path, K2(x, y, z) represents the coordinates on the fourth deviation curve, and K4(x, y, z) represents the coordinates on the original error curve of the machine tool motion.

[0156] In this embodiment, since the calculation accuracy of the original error, first deviation, third deviation and fourth deviation of the machine tool motion is high, the compensation value is calculated by calculating the compensation value through the original error curve, first deviation curve, third deviation curve and fourth deviation curve of the machine tool motion, and a high-precision compensation value can be obtained.

[0157] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, a set of best embodiments is provided below:

[0158] 1. Ultrasonic vibration assisted processing device.

[0159] 1. Fix the ultrasonic vibration assisted processing device on the machine tool workbench, connect the end of the device to the gear workpiece, and stimulate the workpiece to generate ultrasonic vibration.

[0160] 2. The ultrasonic vibration-assisted machining device consists of an ultrasonic horn, a piezoelectric actuator, an ultrasonic power supply, an ultrasonic device housing, structural connectors, and a specially constructed fixture. One end of the specially constructed fixture is connected to the ultrasonic horn, and the other end is fixed to the workpiece gear. The vibration of the ultrasonic vibration horn excites the workpiece gear to vibrate. The ultrasonic vibration horn generates longitudinal vibrations under the action of the piezoelectric actuator. The ultrasonic power supply excites the piezoelectric actuator to move repeatedly, thereby exciting the ultrasonic vibration horn to generate longitudinal vibrations, which in turn drives the workpiece gear connected to the fixture to generate ultrasonic vibrations in the height direction.

[0161] It should be noted that the ultrasonic vibration assisted processing device of this embodiment is a prior art and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0162] 2. Vibration parameters of ultrasonic vibration-assisted machining device and gear parts error identification.

[0163] Usually, after the ultrasonic vibration-assisted processing device is designed, manufactured, and assembled, its vibration parameters (such as vibration amplitude) will deviate from the initial design, resulting in reduced ultrasonic-assisted processing performance and processing accuracy. To address this problem, this embodiment proposes a method that combines on-machine measurement with off-line measurement to accurately obtain processing errors caused by changes in parameters such as the machine tool's weight ratio due to the addition of an ultrasonic vibration-assisted device to the machine tool, and changes in ultrasonic vibration parameters caused by the addition of a fixture and workpiece at the end of the ultrasonic vibration amplitude transformer. Due to the limitations of on-machine measurement, the measurement accuracy is limited. To solve these problems, the specific steps adopted in this embodiment are as follows:

[0164] 1. Use the laser interferometer to turn on the rated power of the ultrasonic vibration assisted processing device to 60%, and measure the vibration amplitude of a certain point on the workpiece gear. The vibration amplitude in the x, y, and z directions is recorded as η respectively. x ,η y ,η z , along the gear tooth direction, 10 test points are evenly distributed and collected, and their vibration amplitudes are η x i ,η y i ,η z i ,i=1,2,…,9,10. The vibration amplitude of the gear end point is measured as η x 0 ,η y 0 ,η z 0 The ratio of the amplitude of the first test point in the x, y, and z directions to the amplitude of the end point is κ x 1 ,κ y 1 ,κ z 1 They are:

[0165]

[0166]

[0167]

[0168] 2. Carry out the gear grinding test, collect the cutting force F during gear grinding by using a dynamometer. Since it is difficult to accurately measure the amplitude of the cutting point, the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point is measured by non-contact methods (such as laser). Cutting parameters include: feed rate fz, cutting depth h, cutting speed v. According to the vibration principle, under actual load, the vibration amplitude in the x, y, and z directions caused by ultrasonic assistance for:

[0169]

[0170]

[0171]

[0172] Since the ultrasonic vibration amplitude is mainly in the Z direction, and the vibration amplitude in the height direction and other directions is relatively small, the angle deviation caused by it is very small compared to the deviation caused by the vibration amplitude. In this embodiment, the influence of the angle deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude on the processing is not considered. That is, the deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude (i.e., the first deviation) Δ u 1 for:

[0173]

[0174] Similarly, according to the above steps, the deviations caused by the vibration amplitudes of the 2nd, 3rd, ..., 9th, and 10th test points during processing can be obtained.

[0175] 3. The cutting parameters of this embodiment are the cutting parameters after process optimization (i.e., target cutting parameters) with the goal of achieving preset values ​​for surface roughness and surface residual stress. The optimal tool gear cutting speed v, maximum grinding depth h, and feed rate fz in the grinding process parameters are determined by the following steps:

[0176] The natural frequency of the system at the workbench end where the ultrasonic vibration-assisted machining device is installed is obtained by hammer testing. Then, the natural frequency is avoided when determining the grinding wheel speed to obtain the optimal tool gear cutting speed v.

[0177] According to the method of solving the stable region in the frequency domain, the stable region in the grinding process is solved and the maximum grinding depth h is obtained;

[0178] The feed rate can be obtained based on the optimal tool gear cutting speed and maximum grinding depth.

[0179] 4. For the first gear test point, by comparing the gear accuracy measured on-machine with that measured offline, we determined the mapping between the on-machine measurement error S and the offline measurement error D: S→D. The on-machine measurement error S is the difference between the theoretical position and the position measured on-machine (i.e., on the machining center), while the offline measurement error D is the difference between the theoretical position and the position measured offline (i.e., after the workpiece is removed from the machine and measured on the measuring equipment).

[0180] With the gear center and the origin, let the theoretical coordinates of a point on the gear be C1, the coordinates measured on the machine be S1, and the coordinates measured offline be D1. Since the accuracy of on-machine measurement is not as good as that of offline measurement, the offline measurement coordinates are used as the standard. By using the coordinate normalization method, the deviation of the first measurement point (i.e., the second deviation) Δ1 is calculated as:

[0181] Δ1=C1-D1

[0182] The deviation includes the deviation in the x, y, z directions and the tooth direction deviation Δε1. That is, Δ1 can be expressed as:

[0183]

[0184] Through geometric motion analysis, the influence of process parameters during gear grinding, feed rate, deflection angle, speed, and cutting depth on gear shape accuracy is analyzed, and the deviation between theoretical position and actual position is obtained through interpolation method.

[0185] 3. Identification of machine tool motion errors.

[0186] 1. Calculate the workpiece gear error after ultrasonic vibration assisted machining. Clamp the workpiece gear on the chuck (fixture), select test point A on the workpiece gear, that is, the second test point 4. The initial coordinate parameters of test point A are (x, y, z, θ). Assuming that the gear is machined according to the feed rate fz, cutting depth h and cutting speed v, the theoretical coordinate parameters of test point A after movement can be calculated to be (x1, y1, z1, θ1). After t time of machining, the actual coordinate parameters of test point A are measured to be (x2, y2, z2, θ2). The gear error is calculated to be:

[0187]

[0188]

[0189]

[0190]

[0191] Among them, x represents the initial coordinate of test point A on the x-axis, y represents the initial coordinate of test point A on the y-axis, z represents the initial coordinate of test point A on the z-axis, θ represents the angle of the initial coordinate of test point A deviating from the center point, x1 represents the theoretical coordinate of test point A on the x-axis after movement, y1 represents the theoretical coordinate of test point A on the y-axis after movement, z1 represents the theoretical coordinate of test point A on the z-axis after movement, θ1 represents the angle of the theoretical coordinate of test point A after movement deviating from the center point, x2 represents the actual coordinate of test point A on the x-axis after movement, y2 represents the actual coordinate of test point A on the y-axis after movement, z2 represents the actual coordinate of test point A on the z-axis after movement, and θ2 represents the angle of the actual coordinate of test point A after movement deviating from the center point.

[0192] 2. Calculate the tool gear error. Select test point B on the edge of the tool gear. The initial coordinate parameters of test point B are (x3, y3, z3, ψ3). Assuming that the grinding wheel moves at the feed rate fz, the theoretical coordinate parameters of test point B can be calculated to be (x4, y4, z4, ψ4). After a movement time of t1, the actual coordinate parameters of test point B are measured to be (x5, y5, z5, ψ5). The tool gear error is calculated as:

[0193]

[0194]

[0195]

[0196]

[0197] Among them, x3 represents the initial coordinate of test point B on the x-axis, y3 represents the initial coordinate of test point B on the y-axis, z3 represents the initial coordinate of test point B on the z-axis, ψ3 represents the initial deflection angle of test point B, x4 represents the theoretical coordinate of test point B on the x-axis after movement, y4 represents the theoretical coordinate of test point B on the y-axis after movement, z4 represents the theoretical coordinate of test point B on the z-axis after movement, ψ4 is the theoretical deflection angle of test point B, x5 represents the actual coordinate of test point B on the x-axis after movement, y5 represents the actual coordinate of test point B on the y-axis after movement, z5 represents the actual coordinate of test point B on the z-axis after movement, and ψ5 is the actual deflection angle of test point B.

[0198] 3. Error compensation. For the first test point A of the super-hard high-strength gear, assuming that the coordinate parameters of the initial position of the test point A are (x 6, y 6, z 6, θ6) and the coordinate parameters of the ideal position are (x 7, y 7, z 7, θ7), the deviation that needs to be compensated from the initial position to the ideal position is:

[0199]

[0200]

[0201]

[0202]

[0203] Among them, x6 represents the initial coordinate of the first test point A on the x-axis, y6 represents the initial coordinate of the first test point A on the y-axis, z6 represents the initial coordinate of the first test point A on the z-axis, θ6 represents the initial tooth direction angle (or the initial tangential angle of the tool entry), x7 represents the theoretical coordinate of the first test point A on the x-axis after movement, y7 represents the theoretical coordinate of the first test point A on the y-axis after movement, z7 represents the theoretical coordinate of the first test point A on the z-axis after movement, and θ7 is the theoretical tooth direction angle (or the theoretical tangential angle of the tool entry).

[0204] For any point D on the edge of the tool (cutter) gear, assuming that the coordinate parameters of the initial position of the arbitrary point D are (x8, y8, z8, ψ8) and the coordinate parameters of the ideal position are (x9, y9, z9, ψ9), the deviation that needs to be compensated from the initial position to the ideal position is:

[0205]

[0206]

[0207]

[0208]

[0209] Among them, x8 represents the initial coordinate of any point D on the x-axis, y8 represents the initial coordinate of any point D on the y-axis, z8 represents the initial coordinate of any point D on the z-axis, ψ8 represents the initial tooth direction angle of any point D, x9 represents the theoretical coordinate of any point D on the x-axis after movement, y9 represents the theoretical coordinate of any point D on the y-axis after movement, z9 represents the theoretical coordinate of any point D on the z-axis after movement, and ψ9 is the theoretical tooth direction angle of any point D.

[0210] The total deviation at the first test point caused by the movement of the tool and the worktable (that is, the third deviation caused by the movement of the tool and the machine tool) for:

[0211]

[0212] The machining error consists of the following three parts: I) the motion error of the machine table and the tool, II) the vibration amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration-assisted device, and III) the displacement deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration-assisted cutting force.

[0213] 4. Displacement deviation caused by ultrasonic vibration assisted cutting force.

[0214] The ultrasonic device, tool and other devices installed on the machine tool workbench are calculated by finite element method. The cutting force F is measured under optimized cutting parameters. Under load, the displacement changes in the x, y and z directions are obtained by finite element analysis. s 1 ,y s 1 ,z s 1 , the turning angle is ζ s 1 .

[0215] The horizontal displacement change and vertical displacement change caused by the rotation angle are:

[0216]

[0217] y s,y 1 =rcosζ s 1

[0218] Then the deviation at the first test point caused by the cutting force (ie the fourth deviation) Δ F 1 for:

[0219]

[0220] Where r is the outer radius of the tool gear.

[0221] 5. Original error of machine tool motion transmission.

[0222] According to the data of the first test point A of the offline gear measurement and the data of the first test point A of the theoretical gear, the overall gear processing deviation Δ1 is obtained. In this embodiment, the deviation caused by the tool and machine tool movement is obtained. Deviation Δ caused by cutting force F 1 , the deviation Δ caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude u 1 The original error of the machine tool motion Δ s 1 The entire processing error is composed of the original error Δ s 1 for:

[0223]

[0224] Repeat the above steps to obtain the deviation caused by the tool and machine tool motion, the deviation caused by the cutting force, the deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude and the original error of the machine tool motion from the 2nd test point to the 10th test point.

[0225] The above errors are fitted into smooth curves respectively to obtain the deviation curve caused by the tool and machine tool motion (i.e., the second deviation curve) K1, the deviation curve caused by the cutting force (i.e., the fourth deviation curve) K2, the deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude (i.e., the first deviation curve) K3 and the original error curve of the machine tool motion K4.

[0226] 6. Adjust the position of tool gear and workpiece gear.

[0227] The machine tool motion error and the error caused by ultrasonic vibration are compensated by moving and positioning the worktable.

[0228] The workpiece and tool errors caused by cutting force and the original machine tool motion errors are compensated by tool motion; tool motion compensation is to calculate the positioning compensation of the tool, that is, the initial tool centering position before compensation is v1, and the tool centering position after compensation is v2.

[0229] The original error of machine tool motion is related to the target cutting point and is compensated by the tool processing path. The specific calculation method of positioning compensation and tool processing path compensation is as follows:

[0230] Set the ultrasonic vibration assisted cutting device installed on the machine tool workbench, and clamp the workpiece gear with the original positioning point as Δ k , Δ k The coordinates are:

[0231]

[0232] The positioning coordinates after compensation (i.e. the first compensation value) are:

[0233] Δ k s =Δ k +K1(x,y,z)+K3(x,y,z)

[0234] Assume that the original gear grinding process path is S C , the tool path after compensation (ie the second compensation value) S c 1 for:

[0235] S c 1 (x,y,z)=S c (x,y,z)+K2(x,y,z)+K4(x,y,z).

[0236] Finally, the positions of the tool gear and the workpiece gear are adjusted according to the compensated positioning coordinates and the compensated tool path to complete the ultrasonic-assisted efficient and precise gear grinding of superhard gears.

[0237] Reference Figure 2 The embodiment of the present invention further provides a superhard gear ultrasonic-assisted high-efficiency precision gear grinding processing device. The superhard gear ultrasonic-assisted high-efficiency precision gear grinding processing device includes a data acquisition unit 100, a first calculation unit 200, a second calculation unit 300, a third calculation unit 400, a data measurement unit 500, a fourth calculation unit 600, a fifth calculation unit 700, a curve fitting unit 800 and a gear grinding processing unit 900, wherein:

[0238] The data acquisition unit 100 is used to obtain the vibration amplitudes of multiple test points in multiple directions and the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point, and compare the vibration amplitude of each test point with the vibration amplitude of the gear end point to obtain the amplitude ratio of each test point;

[0239] A first calculation unit 200 is configured to calculate a first deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude based on the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point and the amplitude ratio of each test point;

[0240] The second calculation unit 300 is used to obtain target cutting parameters with the goal of achieving preset values ​​for surface roughness and surface residual stress; under the target cutting parameters, calculate the second deviation of the overall gear machining of each test point based on the offline measured coordinates and the theoretical coordinates;

[0241] The third calculation unit 400 is used to machine the gear using the target cutting parameters, calculate the workpiece gear error and the tool gear error at each test point, and calculate the third deviation caused by the movement of the tool and the machine tool based on the workpiece gear error and the tool gear error;

[0242] The data measurement unit 500 is used to measure the cutting force of each test point under target cutting parameters, and obtain displacement changes and rotation angles in multiple directions based on the cutting force;

[0243] a fourth calculation unit 600 for calculating, based on the rotation angle, a horizontal displacement and a vertical displacement caused by the rotation angle, and calculating, based on the horizontal displacement, the vertical displacement, the displacement changes in multiple directions, and the rotation angle, a fourth deviation caused by the cutting force;

[0244] A fifth calculation unit 700 is configured to calculate an original error of the machine tool motion at each test point based on the first deviation, the second deviation, the third deviation, and the fourth deviation;

[0245] The curve fitting unit 800 is used to perform curve fitting on the original error, first deviation, third deviation and fourth deviation of the machine tool motion at each test point to obtain the original error curve, first deviation curve, third deviation curve and fourth deviation curve of the machine tool motion;

[0246] The gear grinding processing unit 900 is used to calculate the compensation value based on the original error curve, the first deviation curve, the third deviation curve and the fourth deviation curve of the machine tool motion; and adjust the position of the tool gear and the workpiece gear according to the compensation value to complete the ultrasonic-assisted efficient and precise gear grinding processing of superhard gears.

[0247] It should be noted that since the ultrasonically assisted high-efficiency precision gear grinding processing device for superhard gears in this embodiment and the above-mentioned ultrasonically assisted high-efficiency precision gear grinding processing method for superhard gears are based on the same inventive concept, the corresponding contents in the method embodiment are also applicable to the present device embodiment and will not be described in detail here.

[0248] Reference Figure 3 The embodiment of the present application further provides a superhard gear ultrasonic-assisted high-efficiency precision gear grinding processing device, and the superhard gear ultrasonic-assisted high-efficiency precision gear grinding processing device includes:

[0249] at least one memory;

[0250] at least one processor;

[0251] at least one program;

[0252] The programs are stored in the memory, and the processor executes at least one program to implement the ultrasonic-assisted efficient and precise gear grinding method for superhard gears disclosed herein.

[0253] The electronic device may be any intelligent terminal including a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a car computer, etc.

[0254] The electronic device according to the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below.

[0255] The processor 1600 may be implemented as a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, and is configured to execute relevant programs to implement the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0256] Memory 1700 can be implemented in the form of a read-only memory (ROM), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device, or a random access memory (RAM). Memory 1700 can store an operating system and other application programs. When implementing the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification through software or firmware, the relevant program code is stored in memory 1700 and is called by processor 1600 to execute the ultrasonic-assisted, efficient, and precision grinding method for superhard gears according to the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0257] Input / output interface 1800, used for information input and output;

[0258] Communication interface 1900, used to implement communication interaction between this device and other devices, which can be achieved through wired means (such as USB, network cable, etc.) or wireless means (such as mobile network, WiFi, Bluetooth, etc.);

[0259] bus 2000 , which transmits information between various components of the device (e.g., processor 1600 , memory 1700 , input / output interface 1800 , and communication interface 1900 );

[0260] The processor 1600 , the memory 1700 , the input / output interface 1800 , and the communication interface 1900 are connected to each other in communication within the device via the bus 2000 .

[0261] An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which are used to enable a computer to execute the above-mentioned ultrasonic-assisted efficient and precise gear grinding method for superhard gears.

[0262] The memory, as a non-transient computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-transient software programs and non-transient computer executable programs. In addition, the memory may include a high-speed random access memory and may also include a non-transient memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-transient solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory may optionally include a memory remotely arranged relative to the processor, and these remote memories may be connected to the processor via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0263] The embodiments described in the embodiments of the present disclosure are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0264] Those skilled in the art will understand that the technical solutions shown in the drawings do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present disclosure, and may include more or fewer steps than shown in the drawings, or a combination of certain steps, or different steps.

[0265] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, i.e., they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected based on actual needs to achieve the objectives of this embodiment.

[0266] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps in the methods, systems, and functional modules / units in the devices disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or appropriate combinations thereof.

[0267] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the specification of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0268] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following items" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0269] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0270] Units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0271] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a single processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[0272] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including multiple instructions for enabling an electronic device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store programs, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk. The embodiments of the present application are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present application.

Claims

1. A superhard gear ultrasonic-assisted high-efficiency precision grinding device, characterized in that: The superhard gear ultrasonic-assisted high-efficiency precision gear grinding device comprises: a data acquisition unit, configured to acquire vibration amplitudes of a plurality of test points in a plurality of directions and a vibration amplitude of an end cutting point, and to compare the vibration amplitude of each test point with the vibration amplitude of an end point of the gear to obtain an amplitude ratio of each test point; a first calculation unit, configured to calculate a first deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude based on the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point and the amplitude ratio of each of the test points; The second calculation unit is configured to obtain target cutting parameters with the goal of achieving preset values ​​for surface roughness and surface residual stress; and calculate a second deviation of the overall gear machining of each of the test points based on the offline measured coordinates and the theoretical coordinates under the target cutting parameters; a third calculation unit, configured to machine the gear using the target cutting parameters, calculate a workpiece gear error and a tool gear error at each test point, and calculate a third deviation caused by motion between the tool and the machine tool based on the workpiece gear error and the tool gear error; a data measurement unit, configured to measure the cutting force at each of the test points under the target cutting parameters, and obtain displacement changes and rotation angles in multiple directions based on the cutting force; a fourth calculation unit, configured to calculate, based on the rotation angle, a horizontal displacement and a vertical displacement caused by the rotation angle, and calculate, based on the horizontal displacement, the vertical displacement, the displacement changes in the multiple directions, and the rotation angle, a fourth deviation caused by the cutting force; a fifth calculating unit, configured to calculate an original error of the machine tool motion at each test point according to the first deviation, the second deviation, the third deviation, and the fourth deviation; a curve fitting unit, configured to perform curve fitting on the original machine tool motion error, the first deviation, the third deviation, and the fourth deviation of each test point, respectively, to obtain an original machine tool motion error curve, a first deviation curve, a third deviation curve, and a fourth deviation curve; A gear grinding unit is configured to calculate a compensation value based on the original error curve of the machine tool motion, the first deviation curve, the third deviation curve, and the fourth deviation curve; and to adjust the positions of the tool gear and the workpiece gear based on the compensation value to complete ultrasonic-assisted efficient and precise gear grinding of superhard gears, including: According to the first deviation curve and the third deviation curve, a first compensation value is calculated as follows: Δ k s =Δ k +K1(x,y,z)+K3(x,y,z) According to the original error curve of the machine tool motion and the fourth deviation curve, the second compensation value is calculated as follows: S c 1 (x,y,z)=S c (x,y,z)+K2(x,y,z)+K4(x,y,z) Among them, Δ k Indicates the original positioning point of the workpiece gear, x w1 Indicates the coordinate of the original positioning point on the x-axis, y w1 Indicates the coordinate of the original positioning point on the y axis, z w1 Indicates the coordinate of the original positioning point on the z axis, θ w1 represents the angle of the original positioning point, K1(x, y, z) represents the coordinates on the third deviation curve, K3(x, y, z) represents the coordinates on the first deviation curve, Δ k s Indicates the first compensation value, S c 1 (x, y, z) represents the second compensation value, S c (x, y, z) represents the original gear grinding processing path, K2 (x, y, z) represents the coordinates on the fourth deviation curve, and K4 (x, y, z) represents the coordinates on the original error curve of the machine tool motion.

2. A superhard gear ultrasonic-assisted high-efficiency precision grinding method, characterized in that: The ultrasonic-assisted high-efficiency precision gear grinding method for superhard gears comprises: Obtaining vibration amplitudes of multiple test points in multiple directions and the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point, and comparing the vibration amplitude of each test point with the vibration amplitude of the gear end point to obtain an amplitude ratio of each test point; Calculating a first deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude based on the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point and the amplitude ratio of each of the test points; With the goal of achieving preset values ​​for surface roughness and surface residual stress, target cutting parameters are obtained; under the target cutting parameters, a second deviation of the overall gear machining of each test point is calculated based on the offline measured coordinates and the theoretical coordinates; Processing the gear using the target cutting parameters, calculating the workpiece gear error and the tool gear error at each test point, and calculating a third deviation caused by the movement of the tool and the machine tool based on the workpiece gear error and the tool gear error; measuring the cutting force at each test point under the target cutting parameters, and obtaining displacement changes and rotation angles in multiple directions based on the cutting force; Calculating a horizontal displacement and a vertical displacement caused by the rotation angle according to the rotation angle, and calculating a fourth deviation caused by the cutting force according to the horizontal displacement, the vertical displacement, the displacement changes in the multiple directions, and the rotation angle; Calculate the original error of the machine tool motion at each test point according to the first deviation, the second deviation, the third deviation, and the fourth deviation; Performing curve fitting on the original machine tool motion error, the first deviation, the third deviation, and the fourth deviation of each test point to obtain an original machine tool motion error curve, a first deviation curve, a third deviation curve, and a fourth deviation curve; Calculating a compensation value based on the original error curve of the machine tool motion, the first deviation curve, the third deviation curve, and the fourth deviation curve; and adjusting the positions of the tool gear and the workpiece gear based on the compensation value to complete ultrasonic-assisted efficient precision gear grinding of superhard gears, including: According to the first deviation curve and the third deviation curve, a first compensation value is calculated as follows: Δ k s =Δ k +K1(x,y,z)+K3(x,y,z) According to the original error curve of the machine tool motion and the fourth deviation curve, the second compensation value is calculated as follows: S c 1 (x,y,z)=S c (x,y,z)+K2(x,y,z)+K4(x,y,z) Among them, Δ k Indicates the original positioning point of the workpiece gear, x w1 Indicates the coordinate of the original positioning point on the x-axis, y w1 Indicates the coordinate of the original positioning point on the y axis, z w1 Indicates the coordinate of the original positioning point on the z axis, θ w1 represents the angle of the original positioning point, K1(x, y, z) represents the coordinates on the third deviation curve, K3(x, y, z) represents the coordinates on the first deviation curve, Δ k s Indicates the first compensation value, S c 1 (x, y, z) represents the second compensation value, S c (x, y, z) represents the original gear grinding processing path, K2 (x, y, z) represents the coordinates on the fourth deviation curve, and K4 (x, y, z) represents the coordinates on the original error curve of the machine tool motion.

3. The ultrasonic-assisted high-efficiency precision grinding method for superhard gears according to claim 2, characterized in that: Calculating the first deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude based on the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point and the amplitude ratio of each of the test points includes: According to the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point and the amplitude ratio of each test point, the ultrasonic vibration amplitudes in the x, y, and z directions are calculated as follows: The first deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude is obtained based on the ultrasonic vibration amplitudes in the x, y, and z directions: in, represents the ultrasonic vibration amplitude in the x direction of the i-th test point, Represents the amplitude ratio of the i-th test point in the x direction, represents the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point in the x-direction of the i-th test point, represents the ultrasonic vibration amplitude in the y direction of the i-th test point, Represents the amplitude ratio of the y direction of the i-th test point, represents the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point in the y direction of the i-th test point, represents the ultrasonic vibration amplitude in the z direction of the i-th test point, Represents the amplitude ratio of the i-th test point in the z direction, represents the vibration amplitude of the end cutting point in the z direction of the i-th test point, Δ u i It represents the first deviation caused by the ultrasonic vibration amplitude of the i-th test point.

4. The ultrasonic-assisted high-efficiency precision grinding method for superhard gears according to claim 2, characterized in that: Calculating the workpiece gear error and the tool gear error at each test point includes: The workpiece gear error of each test point is calculated as: The tool gear error of each test point is calculated as: Wherein, x represents the initial coordinate of the test point on the x-axis, y represents the initial coordinate of the test point on the y-axis, z represents the initial coordinate of the test point on the z-axis, θ represents the angle of the initial coordinate of the test point deviating from the center point, x1 represents the theoretical coordinate of the test point on the x-axis after movement, y1 represents the theoretical coordinate of the test point on the y-axis after movement, z1 represents the theoretical coordinate of the test point on the z-axis after movement, θ1 represents the angle of the theoretical coordinate of the test point after movement deviating from the center point, x2 represents the actual coordinate of the test point on the x-axis after movement, y2 represents the actual coordinate of the test point on the y-axis after movement, z2 represents the actual coordinate of the test point on the z-axis after movement, θ2 represents the angle of the actual coordinate of the test point after movement deviating from the center point, x3 represents the initial coordinate of another test point on the x-axis, y3 represents the initial coordinate of another test point on the y-axis, z3 represents the initial coordinate of another test point on the z-axis, ψ3 represents the initial deflection angle of another test point, x4 represents the theoretical coordinate of another test point on the x-axis after movement, y4 represents the theoretical coordinate of another test point on the y-axis after movement, z4 represents the theoretical coordinate of another test point on the z-axis after movement, ψ4 represents the theoretical deflection angle of another test point, x5 represents the actual coordinate of another test point on the x-axis after movement, y5 represents the actual coordinate of another test point on the y-axis after movement, z5 represents the actual coordinate of another test point on the z-axis after movement, and ψ5 represents the actual deflection angle of another test point.

5. The ultrasonic-assisted high-efficiency precision grinding method for superhard gears according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The calculating the third deviation caused by the motion of the tool and the machine tool according to the workpiece gear error and the tool gear error comprises: According to the workpiece gear error, the first compensation deviation from the initial position to the ideal position is calculated: According to the tool gear error, the second compensation deviation from the initial position to the ideal position is calculated: The first compensation deviation and the second compensation deviation are added together to obtain the third deviation caused by the movement of the tool and the machine tool: Among them, x6 represents the initial coordinate of the test point on the x-axis, y6 represents the initial coordinate of the test point on the y-axis, z6 represents the initial coordinate of the test point on the z-axis, θ6 represents the initial tooth direction angle, x7 represents the theoretical coordinate of the test point on the x-axis after movement, y7 represents the theoretical coordinate of the test point on the y-axis after movement, z7 represents the theoretical coordinate of the test point on the z-axis after movement, θ7 represents the theoretical tooth direction angle, x8 represents the initial coordinate of any point on the x-axis, y8 represents the initial coordinate of any point on the y-axis, z8 represents the initial coordinate of any point on the z-axis, ψ8 represents the initial tooth direction angle of any point, x9 represents the theoretical coordinate of any point on the x-axis after movement, y9 represents the theoretical coordinate of any point on the y-axis after movement, z9 represents the theoretical coordinate of any point on the z-axis after movement, ψ9 represents the theoretical tooth direction angle of any point, It represents the third deviation caused by the motion of the tool and machine tool at the i-th test point.

6. The ultrasonic-assisted high-efficiency precision gear grinding method for superhard gears according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calculating of the horizontal displacement and the vertical displacement caused by the rotation angle according to the rotation angle, and the calculating of the fourth deviation caused by the cutting force according to the horizontal displacement, the vertical displacement, the displacement changes in the multiple directions and the rotation angle, includes: The horizontal displacement and vertical displacement caused by the rotation angle are calculated as follows: y s,y i =rcosζ s i According to the horizontal displacement, the vertical displacement, the displacement changes in the multiple directions, and the rotation angle, the fourth deviation caused by the cutting force is calculated as: in, represents the horizontal displacement of the i-th test point, r represents the outer radius of the tool gear, ζ s i Indicates the rotation angle of the i-th test point, y s,y i represents the vertical displacement of the i-th test point, Δ F i represents the fourth deviation caused by the cutting force at the i-th test point, x s i Indicates the displacement change in the x direction of the i-th test point, y s i Indicates the displacement change in the y direction of the i-th test point, z s i Indicates the displacement change of the i-th test point in the z direction.

7. The ultrasonic-assisted high-efficiency precision grinding method for superhard gears according to claim 2, characterized in that: The original error of the machine tool motion at each test point is calculated as follows: Among them, Δ s i represents the original error of the machine tool motion at the i-th test point, Indicates the first deviation of the i-th test point, Δ i represents the second deviation of the i-th test point, represents the third deviation of the i-th test point, represents the fourth deviation of the i-th test point.

8. A superhard gear ultrasonic-assisted high-efficiency precision grinding equipment, characterized in that: It includes at least one control processor and a memory for communicating with the at least one control processor; the memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one control processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one control processor to enable the at least one control processor to execute the ultrasonic-assisted efficient and precise grinding method for superhard gears as described in any one of claims 2 to 7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are used to enable a computer to execute the ultrasonic-assisted efficient and precise grinding method for superhard gears according to any one of claims 2 to 7.

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