Zinc oxide conductive powder with nanorod structure and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a zinc oxide conductive powder with a nanorod structure and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding 25wt.%-30wt.% of ammonia water into a mixed salt solution containing zinc salt and doping salt to obtain a mixed solution with a pH value of 9-12; stirring the mixed solution at a temperature of 50-200 DEG C and under normal pressure, and cooling after reaction for 0.5-10 hours to obtain a precipitate; and washing and drying the precipitate to obtain the zinc oxide conductive powder with the nanorod structure. The preparation method is mild in conditions and simple in operation, and the prepared zinc oxide conductive powder is uniform in particle size distribution, light in color and high in purity.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of nanomaterials, and particularly to a zinc oxide (ZnO) conductive powder with nanorod structure and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The generation of static electricity is harmful in many aspects, for example, static electricity accumulation can affect the normal operation of electronic equipment; in the production and processing of ammunition, sparks caused by static electricity and other factors can cause fire and explosion accidents, at the same time, static electricity can adsorb impurities to cause the quality of products to decline; in the transportation process of ships, static electricity is easy to cause fire and explosion, etc. Therefore, the application demand of anti-static is very wide. Anti-static coating as an important coating material has been widely concerned, and for non-conductive resin-based composite materials, the conductive performance of pigments and fillers directly determines the anti-static ability of the coating. Conductive zinc oxide has excellent properties such as anti-ultraviolet, anti-static, and light color, and has a broad application prospect in the fields of ammunition, aerospace, ships, etc. as a coating pigment and filler.

[0003] ZnO is a widely used wide-bandgap direct bandgap semiconductor material, with a band gap of 3.37 eV at room temperature and an exciton binding energy of 60 meV, and has excellent photoelectric properties. Substitutional doping of high-valence atoms (Al, Ga, In) is an effective strategy for preparing n-type conductive zinc oxide.

[0004] In the previous preparation method of conductive zinc oxide powder, the solid phase method inevitably leads to grain agglomeration and growth through solid phase mixing and high temperature sintering, and has low doping efficiency and high energy consumption; the gas phase method has high requirements for equipment, and the powder particle size is not easy to control. Compared with the gas phase method and the solid phase method, the solution-based route can be carried out at low temperature, allows compatibility with a variety of organic matrices, the reaction is controllable, and the synthesis cost is low, no complex equipment is used, and it is easy to scale up. The liquid phase method mainly focuses on coprecipitation method, sol-gel method, hydrothermal / solvothermal method and microemulsion method. The coprecipitation method and the sol-gel method obtain the precursor (hydroxide or gel) of the desired oxide through the precipitation reaction or the sol-gel process, and then obtain the desired target product through high temperature thermal decomposition. However, the rapid reaction process will cause phase separation, affecting the effectiveness of doping, and more true doping is achieved through the high temperature thermal decomposition process, but the high temperature thermal decomposition process has poor controllability and cannot effectively control the morphology, and high temperature calcination will cause secondary sintering, thereby causing the target powder to appear agglomeration, large particle size distribution and other problems, affecting the performance of the product; the hydrothermal / solvothermal method prepares high-quality nano zinc oxide grains through high temperature and high pressure conditions, but the limitation of reaction conditions makes it difficult to form scale expansion, and it has a certain risk; the microemulsion method forms a "microreactor" by adding surfactants and co-surfactants to control the particle size and morphology of the product, but the addition of too much organic matter is often difficult to remove and easily leaves traces, resulting in impure products. Therefore, it has certain research and application significance to develop a simple solution system for in-situ doping of conductive nano-ZnO under relatively mild conditions.

[0005] In addition, compared with spherical nanoparticles, nanorods have a certain aspect ratio, which reduces the contact sites between particles, that is, reduces the hindering of contact potential to carrier migration, which is conducive to the migration of electrons and is more conducive to the construction of a conductive network. Therefore, it is expected that the zinc oxide powder with nanorod structure can obtain better static conductive performance. SUMMARY

[0006] Therefore, the main purpose of the present application is to provide a ZnO conductive powder with nanorod structure and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to at least partially solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0008] As one aspect of the present application, a preparation method of ZnO conductive powder with nanorod structure is provided, comprising the following steps: adding 25wt.%-30wt.% ammonia water into a mixed salt solution containing zinc salt and doping salt to obtain a mixed solution with pH of 9-12; stirring the mixed solution at a temperature of 50-200℃ and normal pressure, and cooling after reaction for 0.5-10 hours to obtain a precipitate product; washing and drying the precipitate product to obtain the ZnO conductive powder with nanorod structure.

[0009] As another aspect of the present application, a ZnO conductive powder with nanorod structure obtained by the preparation method as described above is provided.

[0010] As still another aspect of the present application, an application of the ZnO conductive powder with nanorod structure as described above as a pigment filler in anti-static coating is provided.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, the ZnO conductive powder with nanorod structure and the preparation method and application thereof of the present application have one or some of the following beneficial effects:

[0012] (1) The present application promotes the zinc salt and the doping salt to form a soluble complex, such as zinc ammonia complex and hydroxyl complex of doping ions, by adding concentrated ammonia water into the zinc salt and the doping salt and adjusting the pH to be in the range of strong base, so that the in-situ doped ZnO nano powder can be obtained by reaction at a relatively low temperature of 50-200℃ and normal pressure, and the reaction product can be directly powdered after washing and drying, which has the advantages of simple operation method, mild preparation condition and no need of high-temperature calcination.

[0013] (2) According to the principle of nucleation and growth, the present application improves the uniform nucleation driving force at a relatively low temperature and normal pressure reaction, promotes the nucleation process, and fully utilizes the anisotropic growth characteristics of ZnO crystal to realize the self-assembly of ZnO nano structure, so that the required conductive ZnO nanorod can be obtained by in-situ doping.

[0014] (3) The in-situ doped ZnO nano powder provided by the present application has a rod-like structure, a length-diameter ratio in the range of 1-100, a light color, a whiteness value higher than 80, high purity, high doping efficiency, and a resistivity controllable between 10 2 ~10 8 Ω·cm under the measurement method specified, and the rod-like structure is beneficial to the formation of conductive network by mutual lapping, so that the anti-static ability of the coating layer can be improved when applied to the coating. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 The flow chart of the preparation method of the ZnO conductive powder with nanorod structure of the present application.

[0016] Figure 2 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the nano-zinc oxide conductive powder prepared in Example 2 of the present application.

[0017] Figure 3 is an X-ray diffraction (XRD) image of the nano-zinc oxide conductive powder prepared in Example 4 of the present application.

[0018] Figure 4 is a SEM image of the nano-zinc oxide conductive powder prepared in Example 4 of the present application.

[0019] Figure 5 is a SEM image of the nano-zinc oxide conductive powder prepared in Example 6 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to specific examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] In the related art of liquid-phase preparation of conductive ZnO, there are problems such as low doping efficiency, uneven reaction caused by external injection, high energy consumption of high-temperature decomposition / calcination treatment, particle agglomeration and secondary sintering growth, etc. In the process of implementing the present application, it is found that by adding concentrated ammonia water to a mixed salt solution containing zinc salt and doping salt and controlling the pH value in strong alkali, liquid-phase reaction can be carried out at a relatively low temperature (≤200℃) and under normal pressure, which can fully exert the structural characteristics of anisotropic growth of ZnO nanocrystals, realize in-situ conductive doping, and obtain ZnO conductive powder with nanorod structure without high-temperature calcination post-treatment.

[0022] Specifically, according to some embodiments of the present application, a preparation method of ZnO conductive powder with nanorod structure is provided, as shown in Figure 1 The preparation method of the present application comprises the following steps:

[0023] In the first step, 25wt.%-30wt.% ammonia water is added to a mixed salt solution containing zinc salt and doping salt to obtain a mixed solution with a pH value of 9-12;

[0024] In the second step, the mixed solution is stirred at a temperature of 50-200℃ and under normal pressure, and after 0.5-10 hours of reaction, the solution is cooled to obtain a precipitate product;

[0025] In the third step, the precipitate product is washed and dried to obtain ZnO conductive powder with nanorod structure.

[0026] According to the embodiment of the present application, the concentrated ammonia not only adjusts the pH, but also participates in the liquid phase reaction process as a reactant and a complexing agent, promotes the formation of soluble complexes such as zinc ammonia complex, hydroxyl complex of doping ions, etc., and the in-situ doped ZnO nanopowder can be obtained at a relatively low temperature of 50-200 ℃ and normal pressure. In the nucleation process, the preparation method of the present application can fully exert the anisotropic growth characteristics of ZnO crystal, realize the self-assembly of ZnO nanostructure, and directly obtain the ZnO conductive powder with nanorod structure by in-situ doping, and the performance including conductivity and whiteness can better meet the actual application requirements.

[0027] According to the embodiment of the present application, in the first step, the pH of the mixed solution is preferably 10-12, for example, it can be 10, 11, 12, etc. If the pH is too low, it is not conducive to the formation of zinc oxide conductive powder, and will lead to the generation of precipitates such as hydroxide.

[0028] According to the embodiment of the present application, in the first step, the concentration of the zinc salt is 0.001-1 mol / L, preferably 0.01-0.5 mol / L, for example, it can be 0.05 mol / L, 0.1 mol / L, 0.2 mol / L, 0.3 mol / L, 0.4 mol / L, 0.5 mol / L, etc.

[0029] According to the embodiment of the present application, in the first step, the doping ratio of the doping salt is 0-10 at.%, more preferably 1 at.% to 7 at.%, for example, it can be 1 at.%, 2 at.%, 3 at.%, 4 at.%, 5 at.%, 6 at.%, 7 at.%, etc. Here, at.% represents atomic percentage, that is, if the amount of zinc salt is A mol and the amount of doping agent is B mol, then the doping ratio x = B / (A+B)*100%.

[0030] According to the embodiment of the present application, in the first step, the zinc salt is a soluble zinc salt, preferably one of acetate, chloride, nitrate, sulfate and hydrates thereof of zinc. The doping salt is a soluble aluminum salt or gallium salt, preferably one of acetate, chloride, nitrate, sulfate and hydrates thereof of gallium or aluminum.

[0031] According to the embodiment of the present application, in the second step, the liquid phase reaction is carried out at a relatively low temperature of 50-200 ℃ and normal pressure, and the reaction conditions are relatively mild. Preferably, the reaction temperature is 70-130 ℃, for example, it can be 80 ℃, 100 ℃, 120 ℃, etc. If the temperature is too low, no ZnO will be precipitated under some conditions, and if the temperature is too high, the solution will boil violently, the rod-like structure of the obtained powder will be destroyed, and thus the performance will be reduced.

[0032] According to the embodiment of the present application, "atmospheric pressure" means that the reaction is carried out in an open system, so that ammonia gas will escape from the reaction system. Further, to avoid environmental pollution caused by the escaped ammonia gas, the preparation method further comprises: guiding the escaped ammonia gas to water for absorption during the stirring of the mixed solution.

[0033] According to the embodiment of the present application, in the second step, the preparation method further comprises: adding a nano-ZnO dispersion liquid to the mixed solution during the stirring of the mixed solution, wherein the nano-ZnO has a particle size less than 100 nm, and the amount of the nano-ZnO is 1% to 100% of the mass of the zinc salt, for example, 1%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%, etc.

[0034] According to the embodiment of the present application, in order to promote the nucleation process, the nano-ZnO is added as a seed to provide a nucleation site, so as to effectively reduce the nucleation barrier. By controlling the size and amount of the nano-ZnO within a suitable range, the nucleation and growth of new zinc oxide can be effectively promoted, and meanwhile, the diameter and length of the nanorods are controlled from being too large, so as to effectively improve the carrier transport efficiency and reduce the resistivity of the powder.

[0035] According to the embodiment of the present application, the dispersant of the nano-ZnO dispersion liquid is at least one of low-boiling-point alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, etc. The nano-ZnO is dispersed in the dispersant by ultrasonic to form the nano-ZnO dispersion liquid.

[0036] According to the embodiment of the present application, in the second step, the preparation method further comprises: adding at least one of low-boiling-point alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, etc., to the mixed solution during the stirring of the mixed solution. The addition of the low-boiling-point alcohol can bring more ammonia, so as to promote the forward reaction.

[0037] According to the embodiment of the present application, the amount of the low-boiling-point alcohol can be 1 / 100 to 1 of the volume of the mixed solution, which can be adjusted according to the actual situation, such as the selected reaction conditions, etc.

[0038] According to the embodiment of the present application, the third step specifically comprises: washing the precipitated product with deionized water and ethanol for several times, and drying until the mass is constant, so as to obtain the in-situ doped ZnO conductive powder.

[0039] According to some embodiments of the present application, a ZnO conductive powder with a nanorod structure is also provided, which is prepared by the above preparation method.

[0040] According to the embodiment of the present application, the ZnO conductive powder obtained by the above preparation method has a nanorod structure, a length-diameter ratio in the range of 1 to 100, a whiteness value higher than 80, and a resistivity of the thin sheet pressed therefrom can be 102 ~ 10 8 between 10

[0041] According to some embodiments of the present application, the ZnO conductive powder is also applied as a pigment filler in an antistatic coating.

[0042] According to embodiments of the present application, the rod-like structure of the ZnO conductive powder is conducive to forming a conductive network by interlacing, and when applied as a pigment filler in an antistatic coating, the antistatic ability of the coating is expected to be improved.

[0043] The ZnO conductive powder with a nanorod structure and its preparation method and application are further described and illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the specific embodiments described below are only illustrative, and the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. The drugs or reagents used in the following examples are commercially available or obtained by known preparation methods.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] As shown in the figure, the preparation method of the present embodiment includes: Figure 1

[0046] A mixed salt solution containing 0.5 mol / L zinc chloride and 1 at.% aluminum chloride doped is added with 25 wt.% to 30 wt.% ammonia water to obtain a mixed solution with pH = 10 to 11. After reacting at 80°C for 10 hours, the precipitated product is washed with deionized water and ethanol and dried to constant weight to obtain the target light-colored aluminum-doped nanometer zinc oxide conductive powder. The obtained powder has a nanorod morphology with a diameter of 100 to 300 nm and an aspect ratio of about 5 to 30.

[0047] The volume resistivity and whiteness of the obtained nanometer zinc oxide conductive powder are tested. The measurement method is as follows: 0.4 g of nanometer zinc oxide conductive powder is pressed into a circular sheet with a diameter of 15 mm under a pressure of 15 MPa, and the thickness is measured. The resistance of the circular sheet is measured by a circuit, and the volume resistivity of the sheet is calculated to be about 3 x 10 7 Ω·cm, and the surface resistivity of the circular sheet is measured by a four-probe resistance meter to be about 5 x 10 6 Ω·cm; and the whiteness is measured by a whiteness meter to be 75.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] As shown in the figure, the preparation method of the present embodiment includes: Figure 1

[0050] ​​To the mixed salt solution containing 0.05 mol / L zinc sulfate, doped with 7 at.% aluminum nitrate, add 25wt.%-30wt.% ammonia water, get the mixed solution with pH=11-12, after reaction at 130℃ for 1 hour, cool down, wash the precipitated product with deionized water and ethanol and dry to constant weight, get the target light color aluminum doped nanometer zinc oxide conductive powder. As shown in Figure 2 , the obtained powder morphology is nanorod, diameter ~ 500nm, aspect ratio about 5-40.

[0051] Test the volume resistivity and whiteness of the obtained nanometer zinc oxide conductive powder, the measurement method is: take 0.4g nanometer zinc oxide conductive powder, press into a circular sheet with diameter 15mm under 15Mpa pressure, measure the thickness, measure the resistance of the circular sheet by circuit, calculate the volume resistivity of the sheet about 6×10 6 Ω·cm, measure the surface resistivity of the circular sheet about 4×10 5 Ω·cm by four-probe resistance meter; measure the whiteness by whiteness meter, which is 77.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] As shown in Figure 1 , the preparation method of the present embodiment includes:

[0054] To the mixed salt solution containing 0.3 mol / L zinc nitrate, doped with 5 at.% gallium nitrate, add 25wt.%-30wt.% ammonia water, get the mixed solution with pH=10-11, after reaction at 190℃ for 1 hour, cool down, wash the precipitated product with deionized water and ethanol and dry to constant weight, get the target light color gallium doped nanometer zinc oxide conductive powder. The obtained powder morphology is nanorod, diameter ~ 500nm, aspect ratio about 5-60.

[0055] Test the volume resistivity and whiteness of the obtained nanometer zinc oxide conductive powder, the measurement method is: take 0.4g nanometer zinc oxide conductive powder, press into a circular sheet with diameter 15mm under 15Mpa pressure, measure the thickness, measure the resistance of the circular sheet by circuit, calculate the volume resistivity of the sheet about 1×10 8 Ω·cm, measure the surface resistivity of the circular sheet about 3×10 7 Ω·cm by four-probe resistance meter; measure the whiteness by whiteness meter, which is 80.

[0056] Example 4

[0057] As shown in Figure 1 , the preparation method of the present embodiment includes:

[0058] To the mixed salt solution containing 0.2 mol / L zinc acetate, 4 at.% gallium nitrate doped, 25 wt.%-30 wt.% ammonia water was added to obtain a mixed solution with pH=11-12, then 1 / 10 volume ratio of ethanol was added and stirred, and after reaction at 100°C for 3 hours, the precipitated product was washed with deionized water and ethanol and dried until the mass was constant, to obtain the target light-colored gallium-doped nanometer zinc oxide conductive powder. Figure 3 The obtained powder had good crystallinity. Figure 4 The obtained powder had a nanorod morphology, with a diameter of 100-500 nm and an aspect ratio of about 5-70.

[0059] The volume resistivity and whiteness of the obtained nanometer zinc oxide conductive powder were tested. The measurement method was as follows: 0.4 g of nanometer zinc oxide conductive powder was pressed into a circular sheet with a diameter of 15 mm under a pressure of 15 Mpa, the thickness was measured, the resistance of the circular sheet was measured by a circuit, and the volume resistivity of the sheet was calculated to be about 3×10 3 Ω·cm, the surface resistivity of the circular sheet was measured by a four-probe resistance meter to be about 2×10 2 Ω·cm; and the whiteness was measured by a whiteness meter to be 86.

[0060] Example 5

[0061] As shown in Figure 1 , the preparation method of the present embodiment includes:

[0062] To the mixed salt solution containing 0.5 mol / L zinc nitrate, 2 at.% aluminum sulfate doped, 25 wt.%-30 wt.% ammonia water was added to obtain a mixed solution with pH=11-12, then an ethanol dispersion of nanometer zinc oxide powder (mass 10% of the mass of zinc salt, particle size 30±10 nm) was added and stirred, and after reaction at 110°C for 6 hours, the precipitated product was washed with deionized water and ethanol and dried until the mass was constant, to obtain the target light-colored aluminum-doped nanometer zinc oxide conductive powder. The obtained powder had a nanorod morphology, with a diameter of about 100 nm and an aspect ratio of about 5-20.

[0063] The volume resistivity and whiteness of the obtained nanometer zinc oxide conductive powder were tested. The measurement method was as follows: 0.4 g of nanometer zinc oxide conductive powder was pressed into a circular sheet with a diameter of 15 mm under a pressure of 15 Mpa, the thickness was measured, the resistance of the circular sheet was measured by a circuit, and the volume resistivity of the sheet was calculated to be about 2×10 5 Ω·cm, the surface resistivity of the circular sheet was measured by a four-probe resistance meter to be about 5×10 4 Ω·cm; and the whiteness was measured by a whiteness meter to be 90.

[0064] Example 6

[0065] As shown inFigure 1 As shown, the preparation method of this embodiment includes:

[0066] Ammonia solution containing 0.35 mol / L zinc chloride and gallium nitrate (3.5 at.%) was added to a mixed salt solution, yielding a mixed solution with pH 10.5–11.5. An ethanol dispersion of nano-zinc oxide powder (20% of the zinc salt mass, particle size 50 ± 10 nm) was then added and stirred. The mixture was reacted at 100°C for 8 hours, cooled, and the precipitate was washed with deionized water and ethanol and dried to constant weight to obtain the target light-colored gallium-doped nano-zinc oxide conductive powder. Figure 5 The resulting powder has the morphology of nanorods with a diameter of ~100nm and an aspect ratio of approximately 5 to 30.

[0067] The volume resistivity and whiteness of the obtained nano-zinc oxide powder were tested. The measurement method was as follows: 0.4 g of nano-zinc oxide powder was weighed and pressed into a circular sheet with a diameter of 15 mm under a pressure of 15 MPa. The thickness was measured, and the resistance of the circular sheet was measured by circuit. The volume resistivity of the sheet was calculated to be approximately 3 × 10⁻⁶. 4 The surface resistivity of the circular thin film, measured using a four-probe resistor, is approximately 5 × 10 Ω·cm. 3 Ω·cm; whiteness measured by a whiteness meter is 95.

[0068] Example 7

[0069] like Figure 1 As shown, the preparation method of this embodiment includes:

[0070] Add 25wt.% to 30wt.% ammonia to a mixed salt solution containing 0.15mol / L zinc acetate and 4at.% aluminum nitrate to obtain a mixed solution with pH 9 to 10. After reacting at 90℃ for 8 hours, cool the solution, wash with deionized water and ethanol, dry to constant weight, and then grind to obtain the target powder.

[0071] The obtained powder was tested for volume resistivity and whiteness. The measurement method was as follows: 0.4g of powder was weighed and pressed into a circular sheet with a diameter of 15mm under a pressure of 15MPa. The thickness was measured, and the resistance of the circular sheet was measured by circuit. The volume resistivity of the sheet was calculated to be approximately 3×10⁻⁶. 9 Its surface resistivity is Ω·cm, which cannot be measured by a four-probe resistor; its whiteness is measured to be 94 by a whiteness meter.

[0072] Comparative example:

[0073] The mixed salt solution containing 0.5 mol / L zinc chloride and 1 at.% aluminum chloride doped aluminum chloride is added with ammonia water with a concentration of 1 mol / L to obtain a mixed solution with pH=8-9, and then the solution is reacted at 80°C for 10 hours, cooled, washed with deionized water and ethanol, and dried to constant weight, and then grinded to obtain the target powder.

[0074] The volume resistivity and whiteness of the obtained powder are tested. The measurement method is as follows: 0.4 g of the powder is pressed into a circular sheet with a diameter of 15 mm under a pressure of 15 Mpa, and the thickness is measured. The conductivity cannot be measured by a circuit and a four-probe resistance meter. The whiteness is measured by a whiteness meter and is 92.

[0075] Based on the above examples and comparative examples, it can be seen that, by adding concentrated ammonia water and controlling the pH of the solution to be 9-12, especially 10-12, the ZnO conductive powder with resistivity and whiteness meeting the application requirements can be prepared at a lower temperature and under normal pressure. The preparation conditions are more moderate. The ZnO conductive powder has a nanorod shape, and is expected to improve the antistatic ability of the coating when applied to the coating.

[0076] The above specific examples further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application. It should be understood that the above are only specific examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a zinc oxide conductive powder with nanorod structure, comprising the following steps: obtaining a mixed solution with pH of 10.5-12 by adding 25 wt.%-30 wt.% of ammonia water to a mixed salt solution composed of a zinc salt and a doping salt; the zinc salt is a soluble zinc salt, and the concentration of the zinc salt is 0.01-0.5 mol / L; the doping salt is a soluble aluminum salt or gallium salt, and the doping ratio of the doping salt is 1 at.%-7 at.%; stirring the mixed solution at a temperature of 50-200 ℃ and normal pressure, and cooling after reacting for 0.5-10 hours to obtain a precipitate; during the stirring of the mixed solution, adding a nano zinc oxide dispersion liquid to the mixed solution, wherein the particle size of the nano zinc oxide is less than 100 nm, and the amount of the nano zinc oxide is 1%-100% of the mass of the zinc salt; the dispersing agent of the nano zinc oxide dispersion liquid is a low-boiling alcohol, and the low-boiling alcohol is at least one selected from methanol, ethanol and propanol; washing and drying the precipitate to obtain the zinc oxide conductive powder with nanorod structure; the nanorod structure has a diameter of 100-500 nm and an aspect ratio of 5-100. 2.The method according to claim 1, wherein: the zinc salt is one of acetate, chloride, nitrate, sulfate and hydrates thereof of zinc; and the doping salt is one of acetate, chloride, nitrate, sulfate and hydrates thereof of gallium or aluminum. 3.The method according to claim 1, wherein: the zinc salt is one of acetate, chloride, nitrate, sulfate and hydrates thereof of zinc; and the doping salt is one of acetate, chloride, nitrate, sulfate and hydrates thereof of gallium or aluminum. 4.A zinc oxide conductive powder with nanorod structure, which is prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1-3. 5.Use of the zinc oxide conductive powder according to claim 4 as a pigment filler in an antistatic coating.

2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein, ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

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