Reagent for promoting shoot emergence of phyllostachys violascens and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a reagent for promoting Phyllostachys violascens to shoot and a preparation method thereof. The reagent is prepared from nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium element fertilizers and plant growth regulators through processes such as dissolving and mixing. In the reagent formula, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium element fertilizers are urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the weight percentage of the urea and the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 1% and 0.5% respectively; the plant hormone is in a corresponding percentage content ratio, and the percentage content ratio of the plant hormone is 0.01-0.1%; and the balance is water. The plant growth regulator is gibberellin, indole acetic acid, cell division factor and brassinolide. A hole with a diameter of about 3mm is drilled on the upper part of the first node of each bamboo pole by using an electric drill, and then the prepared reagent is injected into the bamboo cavity by using a syringe, and 5mL of the reagent is injected into each bamboo pole. The injection hole is sealed with clay to prevent the volatilization of the liquid medicine and the invasion of pests. The reagent is used from the end of October to the beginning of January. After the reagent formula provided by the application is used, the Phyllostachys violascens shoots 24-45 days in advance, the shooting period is prolonged by 14-33 days, the number of shoots is increased by 20.49%-73.79%, and the weight of the shoots is increased by 32.67%-79.45%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of Lei bamboo cultivation technology, and particularly relates to a reagent that promotes the emergence of Lei bamboo shoots and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Lei bamboo (Phyllostachys nigra) is a bamboo species belonging to the genus Phyllostachys in the subfamily Bambusoideae of the family Poaceae. It is named "Lei bamboo" because its shoots emerge early in spring after thunder, and it is actually an early-maturing bamboo variety. Lei bamboo is a high-quality, high-yield, and efficient bamboo species for shoot production among small-to-medium diameter bamboos. It is a unique and excellent bamboo species for shoot production in my country. Its shoots are white, sweet and delicious, rich in nutrients, without bitterness, with fine and crisp fibers, melt in the mouth, and have a good texture. It is rich in amino acids, making it a natural green forest vegetable. Lei bamboo originated in Zhejiang Province. Due to its ease of cultivation, early shoot emergence, high yield, sweet and delicious taste, and rich nutrition, it is now widely introduced to Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Fujian, Jiangsu, Sichuan, and Chongqing, and its cultivation area is constantly expanding. Under natural conditions, the shoot emergence period of Lei bamboo is from early March to the end of April. Because the production of Lei bamboo shoots is too concentrated and a large quantity is concentrated on the market, the price of bamboo shoots is relatively low. However, during the Spring Festival, the price of Lei bamboo shoots is 5 to 10 times the average price during the natural shoot emergence period, but the production of Lei bamboo shoots is extremely limited at this time. Therefore, developing a reagent and its preparation method to promote the emergence of Lei bamboo shoots, thereby advancing the bamboo shoot emergence period, can yield extremely high economic benefits and is of great significance to the high-quality development of the Lei bamboo shoot industry.

[0003] Studies have shown that soil temperature is the main environmental factor inducing bamboo shoot emergence in Lei bamboo, which begins to produce shoots in large quantities when the average temperature reaches above 10℃. Therefore, artificially increasing soil temperature through mulching to advance the bamboo shoot emergence period was once proven to be a feasible solution. However, continuous mulching has led to severe degradation of Lei bamboo forests, with widespread phenomena such as bamboo flowering and death, rhizome elevation, and decreased shoot yield. This has severely dampened the enthusiasm of bamboo farmers, and forest decline has become the biggest obstacle to the sustainable and efficient management of Lei bamboo forests. Furthermore, the high-input, high-output mulching technology for advancing shoot emergence is complex in operation, technically challenging, and requires significant capital investment, making it difficult to promote on a large scale. Further research showed that during the shoot emergence period of *Phyllostachys edulis*, the ABA content in sprouted buds on rhizomes was only 1 / 5 that of unsprouted buds, while the GA3 content was 15 times higher. This indicates that ABA inhibits shoot bud emergence, while GA3 promotes it. Shoot bud emergence is mainly regulated by the GA3 / ABA ratio. IAA and CTK primarily promote shoot growth and development, with little effect on rhizome bud emergence. The technology of using mulching to increase temperature and advance shoot emergence in *Phyllostachys edulis* essentially alters the endogenous hormone levels of the plant, thereby promoting shoot bud emergence and shoot growth. This conclusion suggests that by changing the hormone levels within the plant and increasing IAA, GA3, and the GA3 / ABA ratio, the shoot emergence period of *Phyllostachys edulis* can be controlled. The well-developed vascular bundles in bamboo culms and rhizomes have strong transport functions, the bamboo wall and septa have strong adsorption and permeability, and the bamboo cavity has high sealing properties. Therefore, plant growth hormones can be injected into the bamboo cavity, where they are absorbed through contact with the bamboo wall and septum tissues. Through osmosis and microvascular bundles, they are conducted through the bamboo culm and rhizome to regulate the germination of bamboo shoots, thereby achieving the goal of early bamboo shoot emergence in Lei bamboo.

[0004] In conclusion, the development of a reagent and its preparation method to promote bamboo shoot growth in Lei bamboo has broad application prospects and significant value. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the current common method of covering and warming to promote early shoot emergence of Lei bamboo, continuous covering treatment has led to serious degradation of Lei bamboo forests, such as bamboo flowering and death, bamboo rhizomes floating, and reduced bamboo shoot yield. The purpose of this invention is to provide a reagent and its preparation method for promoting Lei bamboo shoot emergence that is simple to operate, low in cost, and has an early shoot emergence time, long shoot emergence period, and increased bamboo shoot yield.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical means:

[0007] This invention provides a reagent for promoting bamboo shoot growth, comprising the following raw materials by weight percentage:

[0008] 1.5% elemental fertilizer;

[0009] 0.01-0.1% plant growth regulator; and the remainder water.

[0010] Furthermore, the elemental fertilizer comprises: 0.5% by mass of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1% by mass of urea; the plant growth regulator comprises: gibberellin, indoleacetic acid, cytokinin and brassinolide.

[0011] This invention also discloses a method for preparing the above-mentioned reagent for promoting bamboo shoot emergence, comprising:

[0012] (1) Dissolve indoleacetic acid, cytokinin and brassinolide in 10 mL of anhydrous ethanol to prepare solution A, solution B and solution C respectively;

[0013] (2) Dissolve gibberellin in 100 mL of water to prepare solution D;

[0014] (3) In an acid-resistant reaction vessel, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and urea are dissolved in 100 mL of water to prepare solution E and solution F respectively;

[0015] (4) Transfer solutions A, B, C, D, E and F sequentially into a 1L volumetric flask, add water to make up to 1L, and shake well;

[0016] (5) Transfer to a 1L opaque acid-resistant container, seal, label, and package to obtain the product.

[0017] The present invention also discloses a reagent for promoting the sprouting of bamboo shoots prepared according to the above preparation method.

[0018] This invention also discloses a method for using the above-mentioned reagent for promoting bamboo shoot emergence, comprising:

[0019] Drill a hole at the base of each bamboo stalk, near the top of the first segment from the ground, and inject the prepared reagent into the bamboo cavity.

[0020] Seal the injection hole with clay to prevent the liquid from evaporating and to prevent pests and diseases from attacking it.

[0021] Furthermore, the diameter of the drilled hole is 3±0.5mm.

[0022] Furthermore, the amount of reagent injected into the bamboo cavity is 5 mL per bamboo plant.

[0023] Furthermore, the usage period is from late October to early January of the following year.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0025] After using the reagent formula provided by this invention, the bamboo shoot emergence time of Lei bamboo is advanced by 24 to 45 days, the bamboo shoot period is extended by 14 to 33 days, the number of bamboo shoots increases by 20.49% to 73.79%, and the weight of bamboo shoots increases by 32.67% to 79.45%. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications or substitutions made to the methods, steps, or conditions of this invention without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention are all within the scope of this invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0027] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental materials used in the following examples were all purchased from commercial channels.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Weigh the following raw materials: 5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10g urea, 5g gibberellin, 0.5g indoleacetic acid, 0.001g cytokinin and 0.0005g brassinolide.

[0030] Prepare according to the following method:

[0031] (1) Add 10 mL of anhydrous ethanol to an acid-resistant reaction vessel, then add 0.5 g of indoleacetic acid, stir to dissolve and prepare solution A.

[0032] (2) Add 10 mL of anhydrous ethanol to an acid-resistant reaction vessel, then add 0.001 g of cytokinin, stir to dissolve and prepare solution B.

[0033] (3) Add 10 mL of anhydrous ethanol to an acid-resistant reaction vessel, then add 0.0005 g of brassinolide, stir to dissolve and prepare solution C.

[0034] (4) Add 100mL of water to an acid-resistant reaction vessel, then add 5g of gibberellin, stir to dissolve and prepare solution D.

[0035] (5) Add 100mL of water to an acid-resistant reaction vessel, then add 5g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, stir to dissolve and prepare solution E.

[0036] (6) Add 100 mL of water to an acid-resistant reaction vessel, then add 10 g of urea, stir to dissolve and prepare solution F.

[0037] (7) Transfer solutions A, B, C, D, E and F to a 1L volumetric flask in sequence, add water to make up to 1L, and shake well.

[0038] (8) Transfer to a 1L opaque acid-resistant container, seal, label, and package to obtain the product.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] Weigh the following raw materials: 5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10g urea, 10g gibberellin, 1g indoleacetic acid, 0.002g cytokinin and 0.001g brassinolide.

[0041] The reagent preparation process is the same as in Example 1.

[0042] Example 3

[0043] Weigh the following raw materials: 5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10g urea, 20g gibberellin, 2g indoleacetic acid, 0.004g cytokinin and 0.002g brassinolide.

[0044] The reagent preparation process is the same as in Example 1.

[0045] Comparative Example 1

[0046] Weigh the following raw materials: 5g potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 10g urea.

[0047] The reagent preparation process is the same as in Example 1.

[0048] Comparative Example 2

[0049] Use clear water as a comparison.

[0050] field trials

[0051] Experimental site and stand conditions: The *Phyllostachys nigra* var. *nigra* used in this experiment was *Phyllostachys nigra* var. *nigra* (a certified superior forest tree variety in Sichuan Province, bred by the Chengdu Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences), planted at the Yangma Experimental Base of the Chengdu Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences. This *Phyllostachys nigra* stand was planted in 2008, and currently the *Phyllostachys nigra* is growing well, with a plant density of 15,000 plants / hm². 2 The age structure of the bamboo forest is 1-degree bamboo: 2-degree bamboo: 3-degree bamboo = 4:4:2.

[0052] Experimental Methods: Fifteen 5m × 5m quadrats were set up within the experimental stand, with a 2-3 meter isolation strip between each quadrat. A 3m × 3m reagent application unit was set up in the center of each quadrat. A completely randomized block design was used (see Table 1). During reagent application, a hole approximately 3mm in diameter was drilled at the base of each bamboo culm near the first node above the ground within the application unit. The prepared reagent was then injected into the bamboo cavity using a syringe, with 5ml injected per culm. The injection hole was sealed with clay to prevent evaporation and pest / disease infestation.

[0053] Experimental dates: The reagent was applied on December 23, 2021, and on November 1, 2022.

[0054] Table 1. Experimental Design of Reagent Formulation for Promoting Early Shoot Emergence in *Phyllostachys nigra*

[0055]

[0056]

[0057] Experimental Results: Tables 2-5 show that the emergence time of Lei bamboo shoots in Examples 1-3 was significantly earlier than that in Comparative Examples 1-2, while the difference in emergence time between Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was not significant. This indicates that the reagent formulation provided by this invention can significantly advance the emergence time of Lei bamboo shoots. Further analysis shows that the advancement in emergence time is related to the timing of reagent application. In 2021, the reagent was applied on December 23, resulting in an emergence time 24 days earlier; in 2022, the reagent was applied on November 1, resulting in an emergence time 45 days earlier. Therefore, applying the reagent formulation according to the method provided by this invention in early November can enable Lei bamboo shoots to be widely available during the Spring Festival, resulting in higher economic benefits.

[0058] The shoot emergence time of *Phyllostachys edulis* in Examples 1-3 was significantly longer than that in Comparative Examples 1-2. The shoot emergence time of *Phyllostachys edulis* in Examples 1-3 was 59-74 days, while that in Comparative Examples 1-2 was 41-45 days, representing an extension of 14-33 days. This indicates that the reagent formulation provided by this invention can significantly extend the shoot emergence time of *Phyllostachys edulis*. Further analysis shows that the extended shoot emergence time is related to the timing of reagent application. In 2021, the reagent was applied on December 23rd, resulting in a shoot emergence period of 59 days the following year; in 2022, the reagent was applied on November 1st, resulting in a shoot emergence period of 74 days the following year.

[0059] In Examples 1-3, the number and weight of bamboo shoots produced during the entire bamboo shoot growth period were significantly higher than those in Comparative Examples 1-2. In 2022, the number of bamboo shoots produced in Examples 1-3 during the entire bamboo shoot growth period was 3439-4668 shoots / 667m. 2 The weight of the bamboo shoots is 934.91~1207.35kg / 667m. 2 However, with ratios of 1 to 2, the number of bamboo shoots produced is only 2855 to 3317 per 667m². 2 The weight of the bamboo shoots is 704.70~758.87kg / 667m. 2 The number and weight of bamboo shoots increased by 20.49%–63.57% and 32.67%–71.33%, respectively; during the entire bamboo shoot season in 2023, Examples 1–3 recorded 3624–4838 bamboo shoots per 667m². 2 The weight of the bamboo shoots is 940.88~1237.56kg / 667m. 2However, with ratios of 1 to 2, the number of bamboo shoots produced is only 2784 to 3566 per 667m. 2 The weight of the bamboo shoots is 689.65~839.50kg / 667m. 2 The number and weight of bamboo shoots increased by 30.16%–73.79% and 36.43%–79.45%, respectively. The results indicate that using the reagent formulation of this invention can significantly increase the number and weight of bamboo shoots from Lei bamboo, greatly improving the yield and resulting in higher economic benefits.

[0060] Compared with Examples 1-3, as the hormone concentration increased, the quantity and quality of bamboo shoots treated with high concentration hormones in the early stage of bamboo shoot emergence were higher than those treated with low concentration hormones. However, the quantity and quality of bamboo shoots throughout the entire bamboo shoot emergence period did not increase with the increase of hormone concentration. Therefore, considering the bamboo shoot emergence time and the total bamboo shoot yield, it is recommended to use the reagent formulation in Example 2 (10% gibberellin, 1% indoleacetic acid, 0.002% cytokinin and 0.001% brassinolide).

[0061] Table 2. Statistics on the number of bamboo shoots produced in Lei bamboo in 2022

[0062] Unit: roots / 667m 2

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] Table 3. Statistics on the weight of bamboo shoots produced in Lei bamboo in 2022 Unit: kg / 667m 2

[0066]

[0067] Table 4. Statistics on the Number of Bamboo Shoots Produced in Lei Bamboo in 2023 Unit: roots / 667m 2

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] Table 5. Statistics on the weight of bamboo shoots produced in Lei bamboo in 2023

[0071] Unit: kg / 667m 2

[0072]

[0073] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for using a reagent to promote bamboo shoot growth, comprising: Drill a hole at the base of each bamboo culm, near the top of the first node close to the ground, and inject a reagent that promotes bamboo shoot growth into the bamboo cavity. The amount of reagent injected is 5mL per culm, and the application period is from late October to early January of the following year. The injection hole was sealed with clay to prevent the evaporation of the medicine and the infestation of pests and diseases; among which: The reagent that promotes the sprouting of bamboo shoots was prepared by the following method: (1) Dissolve indoleacetic acid, cytokinin and brassinolide in 10 mL of anhydrous ethanol to prepare solution A, solution B and solution C respectively; (2) Dissolve gibberellin in 100 mL of water to prepare solution D; (3) In an acid-resistant reaction vessel, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and urea are dissolved in 100 mL of water to prepare solution E and solution F respectively; (4) Transfer solutions A, B, C, D, E and F sequentially into a 1L volumetric flask, add water to make up to 1L, and shake well; (5) Transfer to a 1L opaque acid-resistant container, seal, label, and package to obtain the product.

2. The method of use according to claim 1, wherein: The composition of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 5g, urea is 10g, gibberellin is 10g, indoleacetic acid is 1g, cytokinin is 0.002g, and brassinolide is 0.001g.

3. The method of use according to claim 1, wherein: The composition of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 5g, urea is 10g, gibberellin is 20g, indoleacetic acid is 2g, cytokinin is 0.004g, and brassinolide is 0.002g.

4. The method of use according to claim 1, wherein: The diameter of the drilled hole is 3±0.5mm.

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