Amplified self-centering coupling beam damper and its assembly and working method

Abstract

The application discloses an amplification type self-resetting coupling beam damper and an assembling and working method thereof. The damper comprises two symmetrically arranged shear main body steel plates, namely a first shear main body steel plate and a second shear main body steel plate; a shear steel plate is connected in parallel between a vulcanization or adhesive fixed viscoelastic material layer and the shear main body steel plate to form a vertical viscoelastic shear energy dissipation unit; a core rotary displacement amplification part is used for shearing the viscoelastic material layer in a displacement amplification type manner; the other end of the shear main body steel plate is provided with a connecting main body used for connecting with the coupling beam; and a self-resetting energy dissipation mechanism provides a recovery load for relative displacement deformation of the shear main body steel plate. When subjected to an earthquake, vertical relative movements occur at both ends of the coupling beam damper, the core rotary displacement amplification part performs displacement amplification type shear energy dissipation on the viscoelastic material, and meanwhile, the self-resetting part provides a recovery force, so that the device is self-resetting.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to an amplification type self-resetting coupling beam damper and an assembling and working method thereof, and relates to the field of damping dampers. BACKGROUND

[0002] Steel reinforced concrete high-rise building structures generally adopt a shear wall structure form. This structure form conceptually emphasizes the concept of "strong wall limb and weak coupling beam", so that the coupling beam yields before the shear wall limb under rare earthquake action, forming a plastic hinge to dissipate energy. However, the design of the coupling beam also requires it to work within the elastic range under small earthquake action, so as to ensure that it can effectively connect the two shear walls, thereby ensuring that the structure has sufficient lateral stiffness. However, under actual earthquake action, the coupling beam is often brittlely sheared due to its small span-depth ratio, often failing to achieve the expected energy dissipation effect, and even appearing difficult to repair damage and destruction after the earthquake, requiring complete demolition, which not only causes huge economic losses but also prolongs the repair work time of the structure after the earthquake. Domestic and foreign scholars have proposed various solutions to the brittle failure caused by the small span-depth ratio, among which the most typical is to improve the reinforcement method, such as cross-hidden column reinforcement, diamond reinforcement, and polygonal reinforcement. However, through research, it has been found that improving the reinforcement method can improve ductility, but the proposed reinforcement method makes the already dense beam-wall joint area more complex, and the construction difficulty is too great, thereby greatly reducing the "cost performance" of this method.

[0003] Subsequently, with the popularization of the concept of "restorable function structure", replaceable coupling beams or self-resetting coupling beam dampers were proposed. The meaning is that the coupling beam can fully play a role in energy dissipation during an earthquake, and has the ability to self-recover after the earthquake, reducing residual deformation, and if the coupling beam is damaged, it can be replaced to achieve the function before the earthquake, greatly reducing the economic loss of post-earthquake repair work. Furthermore, in order to achieve the goal of fully dissipating energy under small displacement, meet the requirement of also playing a role in energy dissipation under small earthquake or wind load, displacement amplification technology is introduced into the design of the coupling beam, aiming to amplify the small displacement through the design of the coupling beam and combine the current energy dissipation technology to fully play the energy dissipation characteristics of the coupling beam, in order to achieve the purpose of "soft overcomes hard".

[0004] Based on the above concept, the development of self-resetting coupling beam dampers has practical application value in shear wall structures. According to the theoretical research in recent years, it is found that the displacement of the end part of the coupling beam (i.e. the non-energy dissipation beam section) is small, which is mainly used to ensure the rigid connection of the beam wall, while the shear displacement of the middle part of the coupling beam (i.e. the energy dissipation beam section) is the largest, which is suitable for installing self-resetting dampers.

[0005] In summary, the design concept of the coupling beam has been further broken through, and a coupling beam with replaceable, energy-dissipating, self-resetting and displacement amplification functions designed based on the concept has great significance for shear wall structures. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the application provides an amplification type self-resetting coupling beam damper and an assembling and working method thereof, which has displacement amplification and self-resetting functions, and can achieve the purposes of being replaceable, energy-consuming and self-resetting through adjustment of components and parameters of the damper, so as to fully exert the deformation capacity of the coupling beam, reduce the residual deformation after the earthquake, improve the toughness of the structure and reduce the economic loss caused by the earthquake.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical purposes, the application adopts the following technical means: an amplification type self-resetting coupling beam damper connected between two truncated coupling beams, used for absorbing and dispersing the vibration energy between the two coupling beams, comprising: two shear main steel plates symmetrically arranged on the left and right, which are a first shear main steel plate and a second shear main steel plate; a shear steel plate connected in parallel between the shear main steel plate and a layer of viscoelastic material fixed by vulcanization or adhesion to form a vertical viscoelastic shear energy dissipation unit, the shear steel plate comprising: an inner shear steel plate and an outer shear steel plate, wherein the inner shear steel plate and the shear main steel plate are located in the middle of the entire vertical viscoelastic shear energy dissipation unit, and the inner shear steel plate and the shear main steel plate are arranged alternately; the outer shear steel plate is located at the outermost side of the entire vertical viscoelastic shear energy dissipation unit; a core rotating displacement amplification part for shearing the viscoelastic material layer in a displacement amplification mode, comprising: a center shaft penetrating from one side of the outer shear steel plate to the other side of the outer shear steel plate, the center shaft being provided with a gear, the two shear main steel plates being symmetrically arranged on the left and right and being provided with a rack engaged with the gear; a first inner spline sleeved in the middle of the gear and connected with the inner shear steel plate through a first shear key; a second inner spline sleeved on the outer side of the end of the gear and connected with the outer shear steel plate through a second shear key; a limiting plate and a limiting nut, wherein the limiting plate is arranged on the outermost outer shear steel plate, and the axial position of the center shaft is limited by the limiting nut; the other end of the shear main steel plate is provided with a connecting main body connected with the coupling beam; a self-resetting energy dissipation mechanism providing a restoring load for the relative displacement deformation of the two shear main steel plates, comprising: a self-resetting part, one end of which is anchored on a rotating support on the connecting main body through a first pre-tightening piece; the other end of which is anchored on a sliding base on the outer shear steel plate through a second pre-tightening piece; the sliding base is arranged in a fixed sliding groove on the outer shear steel plate, and the fixed sliding groove is welded on the outer shear steel plate, the fixed sliding groove being a four-prism with an arc-shaped groove, and the sliding base and the fixed sliding groove having the same arc.

[0008] The rack is connected with the shear main steel plate through a mortise and tenon structure, and the viscoelastic material layer avoids the mortise and tenon structure.

[0009] The rotating support is arranged in the reserved hole of the connecting body, the rotating support has a main shaft body and two side protruding parts for anchoring the self-resetting component, the shear body steel plate, the inner shear steel plate, the outer shear steel plate and the viscoelastic material layer are arranged in parallel, the self-resetting component is parallel to the outer shear steel plate by adjusting the size of the two side protruding parts of the rotating support.

[0010] The connecting body is provided with protruding steel plates with reserved screw holes on the two sides, and the two sides are respectively connected with the force transmission coupling beam segment and the shear body steel plate through the screw rod and the nut.

[0011] The inner spline has a plurality of outer convex shear keys along the circumference, and the outer convex shear keys are connected with the shear steel plate; when the inner spline is connected with the shear steel plate, the side surface of the inner spline is protruded by 3-5 mm than the side surface of the shear steel plate, so that the shear steel plate cannot be caused to fall off due to a slight out-of-plane displacement; the limiting plate is a circular steel plate, a hole with a radius matched with the extension shaft body of the central shaft is formed at the center of the circular steel plate, the inner side of the limiting plate is tightly attached to the side surface of the main shaft body of the central shaft during installation, and the limiting plate is fixed through the limiting nut matched with the radius of the extension shaft body of the central shaft.

[0012] The self-resetting component is an SMA rod, an SMA wire, a prestressed steel bar or a high-strength spring.

[0013] The application further discloses an assembling method based on the amplification type self-resetting coupling beam damper, which comprises the following steps: S1, welding the fixed sliding groove on the outer surface of the outer shear steel plate; S2, installing the rack on the shear body steel plate through the mortise and tenon structure, and placing the inner shear steel plate, the outer shear steel plate, the shear body steel plate and the viscoelastic material layer in a sulfurization box for sulfurization treatment after the inner shear steel plate, the outer shear steel plate, the shear body steel plate and the viscoelastic material layer are matched with each other, so that the viscoelastic material layer is firmly bonded with the inner shear steel plate, the outer shear steel plate and the shear body steel plate; S3, sleeving the gear on the central shaft, and then sleeving the inner spline on the gear; finally, passing the whole formed through the middle part of the vertical viscoelastic shear energy dissipation unit, and sequentially installing the limiting plate and the limiting nut on the two sides, so that the edges of the plurality of shear plates are in a horizontal initial state after installation; S4, connecting the connecting body with the shear body steel plate through a plurality of screw rods and nuts; S5, passing the rotating support through the opening in the abdomen of the connecting body, and adjusting the initial position of the rotating support; S6, placing the sliding base in the fixed sliding groove, passing the self-resetting component with a pre-tightening member installed at one end through the opening of the sliding base and the opening of the rotating support, then applying a pre-tension to the other end of the self-resetting component and fixing the pre-tensioned self-resetting component by using the pre-tightening member; and S7, sequentially repeating the above steps to complete the installation of the self-resetting energy dissipation part.

[0014] The application discloses a damping method based on the amplification type self-resetting coupling beam damper, and the amplification type self-resetting coupling beam damper is assembled and connected in the middle part of a coupling beam through a connecting part of the damper by embedding connecting parts at the ends of a force transmission coupling beam of a newly-built shear wall structure, and the damper is adjusted in parameters according to the performance requirements of the shear wall structure, including the number and thickness of the viscoelastic layer, the pre-tension degree of the self-resetting part and the equivalent radius ratio of the gear and the shear steel plate; when the shear wall structure provided with the damper is subjected to an earthquake, the left and right connecting bodies are vertically displaced relative to each other, the vertical relative displacement of the two sides of the shear steel plate is converted into the arc of the rotation of the gear through the meshing force transmission of the gear on the central shaft and the gear rack on the shear body steel plate, the arc of the rotation of the two sides of the shear body steel plate is amplified, so that the shear steel plate shears the viscoelastic material layer in a displacement amplification type, and the seismic energy is dissipated; meanwhile, the rotation of the gear on the central shaft causes the position of the fixed sliding groove on the outer shear steel plate to change, so that the self-resetting part in the self-resetting energy dissipation part is stretched, a restoring force is provided, the gear on the central shaft is reversely rotated after the earthquake, the self-resetting function of the damper is realized through the gear meshing, and the residual deformation after the earthquake is controlled within an acceptable range, the structure is quickly recovered after the earthquake, and the structure toughness is improved; the fixed sliding groove and the sliding base have contact surfaces with the same arc, and are tightly fitted under the tension of the self-resetting part; when the fixed sliding groove changes the position along with the rotation of the outer shear steel plate, the two are restored to the initial state due to the component force generated by the tension on the contact surface, the self-resetting part provides the tension to promote the self-resetting of the damper in the process, the damper has the geometric self-resetting characteristic due to the same arc of the fixed sliding groove and the sliding base, the two resetting principles work together to realize the self-resetting function of the damper, and the device is prepared for the next earthquake action in a good initial state.

[0015] The application has the following beneficial technical results: the amplification type self-resetting coupling beam damper is provided, the installation logic of each accessory of the damper is reasonable, the mechanical mechanism is met, the mortise and tenon connection mode is used, a large number of mechanical connections are avoided, and the assembly process is simplified.

[0016] The damper has good energy dissipation and self-resetting capacity under the action of an earthquake. When a shear wall structure is subjected to an earthquake and generates lateral displacement, the relative displacement of the two sides of the damper is generated, the rotation of the shear steel plate is realized through the gear meshing of the gear and the internal spline, the viscoelastic material layer is sheared to dissipate energy, the position of the fixed sliding groove welded on the outer shear steel plate is changed, the self-resetting part is stretched to provide a restoring force, and the damper is self-reset after the earthquake.

[0017] The shock absorber can also well play its energy dissipation capacity under small displacement caused by small earthquake or wind load. The mechanism of the shock absorber is the same as 2, but in this process, the vertical displacement of the originally connected part is converted into the rotation arc of the gear, and the rotation arc of the gear is converted into the rotation arc of the shearing steel plate through the equivalent radius ratio of the gear and the shearing steel plate. The equivalent radius of the latter is much larger than that of the former, so that the arc rotated by the gear is enlarged under the same central angle, achieving the purpose of full shearing energy dissipation and self-resetting under small displacement.

[0018] In the shock absorber, the self-resetting component is initially in a horizontal state and is anchored at both ends on the rotating support and the sliding base (installed in the fixed sliding groove) and is in an initial pre-tensioned state. In this initial state, whether the core rotation displacement amplification part rotates clockwise or counterclockwise, the self-resetting component will be stretched, and the force will not be less than the tensioned state in the initial state. The device resets under the restoring force of the self-resetting component.

[0019] In the shock absorber, the non-gear side of the rack has a protruding part with the same shearing capacity as the shearing key. Based on the idea of mortise and tenon connection, the protruding part is different from the traditional shearing key, and it has a pull-out resistance. It is firmly connected with the shearing body in the plane and does not have relative displacement in the plane.

[0020] The fixed sliding groove and the sliding base in the shock absorber have contact surfaces with the same arc, which are tightly fitted under the tension of the self-resetting component. When the fixed sliding groove changes position with the rotation of the outer shearing steel plate, the two will return to the initial state due to the force on the contact surface. In this process, the self-resetting component provides tension to facilitate the self-resetting of the shock absorber. At the same time, due to the same arc of the fixed sliding groove and the sliding base, the shock absorber also has the geometric self-resetting characteristic. The two reset principles work together to achieve the self-resetting function of the shock absorber, so that the device is in good initial state for the next earthquake action.

[0021] The force transfer link beams on both sides of the shock absorber can be selected according to the actual working conditions, such as concrete link beams or rigid link beams. If it is a concrete beam, a pre-buried connecting piece can be added to match the connecting piece with the connecting body. If it is a steel link beam, a connecting piece matching the connecting body can be welded. The shock absorber and the force transfer link beam segment are assembled and connected through the pre-buried piece or the connecting piece.

[0022] In the shock absorber, the self-resetting component can use SMA rods, SMA wires, prestressed steel bars, or high-strength springs, etc. with restoring force. The diameter, number and length can be modified according to actual engineering needs.

[0023] In the shock absorber, corresponding to different self-resetting component types, a pre-tightening piece matched with the self-resetting component is selected and anchored to ensure that the self-resetting component can provide a restoring force during operation, so that the shock absorber can restore to the initial state after operation.

[0024] In the shock absorber, the number of layers of viscoelastic material can be increased or decreased according to actual working conditions, and the corresponding accessories such as the shear main steel plate and the shear steel plate can cooperate with the viscoelastic material layer to ensure that the shock absorber can work normally. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the amplification type self-resetting coupling beam shock absorber of the present application; Figure 2 is a left and right side half-section schematic diagram of the amplification type self-resetting coupling beam shock absorber of the present application; Figure 3 is an upper and lower half-section schematic diagram of the amplification type self-resetting coupling beam shock absorber of the present application; Figure 4 is a core rotary displacement amplification part schematic diagram of the amplification type self-resetting coupling beam shock absorber of the present application; Figure 5 is a self-resetting energy dissipation part schematic diagram of the amplification type self-resetting coupling beam shock absorber of the present application; Figure 6 is a rack and shear main body connection schematic diagram of the amplification type self-resetting coupling beam shock absorber of the present application.

[0026] In the figure: 1-1 is a center shaft, 1-2 is a gear, 1-3 is a limiting plate, 1-4-1 is a first inner spline, 1-4-2 is a second inner spline, 1-5 is a limiting nut; 2-1-1 is an inner shear steel plate, 2-1-2 is an outer shear steel plate, 2-2 is a shear main steel plate, 2-3 is a viscoelastic material layer, and 2-4 is a rack; 3-1 is a rotary support, 3-2 is a fixed sliding groove, 3-3 is a sliding base, 3-4 is a self-resetting component, and 3-5 is a pre-tightening piece; 4-1 is a screw rod, 4-2 is a nut, and 4-3 is a connection main body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the technical problems and technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application clearer, the following specific embodiments further explain and describe the present application. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein only explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0028] As shown in Figure 1 , the amplification type self-resetting coupling beam shock absorber includes four parts: a core rotary displacement amplification part, a viscoelastic energy dissipation part, a self-resetting energy dissipation part, and a connection part.

[0029] The core rotation displacement amplification part 1, wherein each component is coaxially installed, the center shaft 1-1 is the innermost part, the center shaft 1-1, the gear 1-2, the inner spline are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, the first inner spline 1-4-1 and the second inner spline 1-4-2 are respectively arranged on the two sides of the center, the limiting plate 1-3 and the limiting nut 1-5 are arranged on the two sides of the center.

[0030] The viscoelastic energy dissipation part 2, the shear main body steel plate 2-2 is the main part, the rack 2-4 is fixed to the abdomen on both sides of the shear main body steel plate 2-2 in the mortise and tenon way, the viscoelastic material layer 2-3 avoids the reserved mortise and tenon connection groove and is attached to the inner and outer sides of the shear main body steel plate 2-2. The inner shear steel plate 2-1-1, the outer shear steel plate 2-1-2, the viscoelastic material layer 2-3 and the shear main body steel plate 2-2 cooperate with each other to form the viscoelastic energy dissipation part 2.

[0031] The number of viscoelastic layers, the number of shear steel plates and the number of shear main body convex steel plates can be adjusted according to actual engineering requirements, and the above three can cooperate with each other.

[0032] The self-resetting energy dissipation part 3, the self-resetting component 3-4 is anchored on the rotation support 3-1 and the sliding base 3-3 through the pre-tightening part 3-5 on both sides. The rotation support 3-1 is arranged in the reserved hole of the connecting main body 4-3, and the sliding base 3-3 is welded in the fixed sliding groove 3-2 on the outer shear steel plate 2-1-2. The size of the self-resetting component 3-4 can be adjusted according to actual engineering requirements.

[0033] The connecting part, the convex steel plate with reserved screw holes is arranged on both sides of the connecting main body 4-3, and a plurality of screw rods 4-1 and nuts 4-2 are used to connect the connecting part with the force transmission beam segment and the shear main body steel plate 2-2.

[0034] The radius ratio of the gear 1-2 to the equivalent radius of the shear steel plate 2-1 can be adjusted according to actual engineering requirements, and different radius ratios cause different amplification effects.

[0035] The center shaft 1-1, the gear 1-2, the connecting main body 4-3 and the rotation support 3-1 should be coated with lubricant or lubricating oil when corresponding installation to reduce mutual friction and ensure that the device can work normally.

[0036] The following will be described in detail.

[0037] 1. According to the design working condition of the beam, the size of the energy dissipation and the restoring force provided by the beam damper are determined, wherein the energy dissipation effect is related to the size, thickness, required number of layers of the viscoelastic material layer and the equivalent radius ratio of the gear and the shear steel plate; the restoring force is related to the material type of the self-resetting component, the length, diameter, number and pre-tightening force of the selected material.

[0038] 2 The amplification type self-resetting coupling beam damper is arranged in the middle of the coupling beam, and is located in the force transmission coupling beam section, absorbs a large amount of energy in shear motion under the action of an earthquake, and has the ability of post-earthquake self-resetting.

[0039] 3 When subjected to the action of an earthquake, the two sides of the device are connected to the main body and vertically relative displacement occurs, the shear body steel plate and the connecting body are connected through a plurality of screw nuts, the shear body steel plate web toothed rack also produces vertical relative displacement to drive the gear to rotate, so that the shear steel plate rotates to shear the viscoelastic material to dissipate energy. At the same time, the fixed sliding groove welded on the outer shear steel plate changes position due to the rotation of the outer shear steel plate, so that the self-resetting component is stretched, and when the action of the earthquake ends, the device is unloaded, and the self-resetting component can provide a restoring force to make the device self-reset.

[0040] The vertical displacement of the device on both sides is first converted into the arc length of the gear rotation, and since the gear and the shear steel plate have the same rotation center angle but different equivalent radii, the arc length of the gear rotation is amplified to the arc length of the shear steel plate rotation, and the viscoelastic material is fully sheared to dissipate energy.

[0041] The above content only illustrates the technical idea of the present application, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present application, and any modification made according to the technical idea of the present application on the basis of the technical scheme falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An amplified self-centering coupled wall damper connected between two truncated coupled walls for absorbing and dissipating the vibration energy between the two coupled walls, characterized in that, The application relates to a magnifying self-resetting beam damper, which comprises the following parts: two shear main steel plates arranged in left-right symmetry, which are respectively a first shear main steel plate and a second shear main steel plate; a shear steel plate, which is connected in parallel between the shear main steel plate and a layer of viscoelastic material fixed by vulcanization or adhesion to form a vertical viscoelastic shear energy dissipation unit, the shear steel plate comprises an inner shear steel plate and an outer shear steel plate, wherein the inner shear steel plate and the shear main steel plate are located in the middle of the whole vertical viscoelastic shear energy dissipation unit, and the inner shear steel plate and the shear main steel plate are arranged in interlaced mode; the outer shear steel plate is located at the outermost side of the whole vertical viscoelastic shear energy dissipation unit; a core rotating displacement amplification part, which is used for shearing the layer of viscoelastic material in a displacement amplification mode, and comprises a central shaft (1-1) penetrating from one outer shear steel plate to the other outer shear steel plate, wherein a gear is arranged on the central shaft, and two shear main steel plates arranged in left-right symmetry are provided with a rack which is engaged with the gear; a first inner spline (1-4-1) sleeved in the middle part of the gear (1-2) and connected with the inner shear steel plate through a first shear key; a second inner spline (1-4-2) sleeved in the outer side of the end part of the gear (1-2) and connected with the outer shear steel plate through a second shear key; a limiting plate (1-3) and a limiting nut (1-5), wherein the limiting plate is arranged on the outermost outer shear steel plate, and the axial position of the central shaft is limited by the limiting nut; the other end of the shear main steel plate is provided with a connecting main body (4-3) used for connecting with a beam; a self-resetting energy dissipation mechanism, which provides a restoring load for the relative displacement deformation of the two shear main steel plates, and comprises: a self-resetting part (3-4), one end of which is anchored on a rotating support (3-1) located on the connecting main body (4-3) through a first pre-tightening piece; the other end of the self-resetting part (3-4) is anchored on a sliding base (3-3) located on the outer shear steel plate through a second pre-tightening piece, the sliding base (3-3) is arranged in a fixed sliding groove (3-2) on the outer shear steel plate (2-1-2), the fixed sliding groove (3-2) is welded on the outer shear steel plate (2-1-2), the fixed sliding groove (3-2) is a quadrangular prism with an arc-shaped groove, and the sliding base (3-3) has the same arc as the fixed sliding groove.

2. The magnifying self-resetting beam damper according to claim 1, wherein the rack (2-4) is connected with the shear main steel plate through a mortise and tenon structure, and the layer of viscoelastic material (2-3) avoids the mortise and tenon structure.

3. The magnifying self-resetting beam damper according to claim 1, wherein the rotating support (3-1) is arranged in a reserved hole of the connecting main body (4-3), the rotating support (3-1) has a main shaft body and two side protruding parts used for anchoring the self-resetting part (3-4), the shear main steel plate, the inner shear steel plate, the outer shear steel plate and the layer of viscoelastic material (2-3) are arranged in parallel, and the self-resetting part (3-4) is parallel to the outer shear steel plate by adjusting the size of the two side protruding parts of the rotating support (3-1).

4. The magnifying self-resetting beam damper according to claim 1, wherein ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ The connecting body (4-3) is provided with protruding steel plates with reserved screw holes on both sides, which are connected with the force transfer beam segment and the shear body steel plate (2-2) respectively through the screw rod (4-1) and the nut (4-2).

5. The amplified self-centering coupling beam damper according to claim 1, wherein, The first inner spline (1-4-1) and the second inner spline (1-4-2) are respectively provided with a plurality of outer convex shear keys along the circumference, which are connected with the shear steel plate through the outer convex shear keys; The first inner spline (1-4-1) and the second inner spline (1-4-2) are protruded by 3-5mm from the side surface of the shear steel plate (2-1) when connected with the shear steel plate (2-1), so as to ensure that the shear steel plate (2-1) will not fall off due to the out-of-plane micro displacement; The limiting plate (1-3) is a circular steel plate, which is provided with a hole matching the radius of the extended shaft body of the central shaft (1-1) at the center, and the inner side of the limiting plate (1-3) is tightly attached to the side surface of the main shaft body of the central shaft (1-1) during installation, and is fixed through the limiting nut (1-5) matching the radius of the extended shaft body of the central shaft (1-1).

6. The amplified self-centering coupling beam damper according to claim 1, wherein, The self-centering component (3-4) is an SMA rod, an SMA wire, a prestressed steel bar or a high-strength spring.

7. An assembling method of the amplified self-centering coupling beam damper according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, welding the fixed sliding groove (3-2) to the outer surface of the outer shear steel plate (2-1-2); S2, installing the rack (2-4) on the shear body steel plate (2-2) through the mortise and tenon structure, and placing the inner shear steel plate (2-1), the outer shear steel plate, the shear body steel plate (2-2) and the viscoelastic material layer (2-3) in the vulcanization box for vulcanization treatment after they are matched with each other, so that the viscoelastic material layer is firmly bonded with the inner shear steel plate, the outer shear steel plate and the shear body steel plate; S3, sleeving the gear (1-2) on the central shaft (1-1), then sleeving the first inner spline (1-4-1) and the second inner spline (1-4-2) on the gear (1-2), and finally passing the whole formed above through the middle part of the vertical viscoelastic shear energy dissipation unit, and sequentially installing the limiting plate (1-3) and the limiting nut (1-5) on both sides, so that the edges of the plurality of shear plates are in a horizontal initial state after installation; S4, connecting the connecting body (4-3) with the shear body steel plate through a plurality of screw rods (4-1) and nuts (4-2); S5, passing the rotating support (3-1) through the opening in the abdomen of the connecting body (4-3), and adjusting the initial position thereof; S6, placing the sliding base (3-3) in the fixed sliding groove (3-2), passing the self-centering component (3-4) with the pre-tightening member (3-5) already installed at one end through the opening of the sliding base and the opening of the rotating support (3-1), then applying a pre-tension to the other end of the self-centering component (3-4) and fixing the pre-tensioned self-centering component with the pre-tightening member (3-5); S7, sequentially repeating the above steps to complete the installation of the self-centering energy dissipation part (3).

8. A damping method based on the amplification type self-resetting coupling beam damper according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by, For a new shear wall structure, a connecting piece is pre-buried at the end of a force transfer coupling beam, and an amplification type self-resetting coupling beam damper is assembled and connected in the middle of the coupling beam through a damper connecting part, and the damper is adjusted in parameters according to the performance requirements of the shear wall structure, including the number and thickness of the viscoelastic material layer (2-3), the pre-tension degree of the self-resetting part (3-4), and the equivalent radius ratio of the gear (1-2) and the shear steel plate (2-1); When the shear wall structure provided with the damper is subjected to earthquake action, the left and right connecting bodies (4-3) of the damper vertically relatively displace, the meshing force transmission of the gear (1-2) on the center shaft and the rack (2-4) on the shear body steel plate converts the vertical relative displacement of the two sides of the shear body steel plate into the arc of the rotation of the gear, and the rotation arc of the two sides of the shear body steel plate is amplified, so that the shear steel plate (2-1) shears the viscoelastic material layer (2-3) in a displacement amplification type, and dissipates the earthquake energy; Meanwhile, the rotation of the gear (1-2) on the center shaft causes the position of the fixed sliding groove (3-2) on the outer shear steel plate (2-1-2) to change, so that the self-resetting part (3-4) in the self-resetting energy dissipation part (3) is stretched, providing a restoring force, so that the gear (1-2) on the center shaft reversely rotates after the earthquake and realizes the self-resetting function of the damper through the meshing of the gear, and the residual deformation after the earthquake is controlled within an acceptable range, the structure quickly recovers after the earthquake, and the structural toughness is improved; The fixed sliding groove and the sliding base have contact surfaces with the same arc, and are tightly fitted under the tension of the self-resetting part, when the fixed sliding groove changes position with the rotation of the outer shear steel plate, the two will be restored to the initial state due to the force on the contact surface, in this process, the self-resetting part provides tension to facilitate the self-resetting of the damper, and due to the same arc of the fixed sliding groove and the sliding base, the damper has the geometric self-resetting characteristic, and the two resetting principles work together to realize the self-resetting function of the damper, so that the damper is in good initial state for the next earthquake action.

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