Method for repairing hollows and cracks in antiques

Abstract

The application provides an underwater relic repair method, and proposes a magnetic guiding repair process for underwater relic repair. The process has the advantages of high slurry filling density and the ability to use magnetic attraction to guide the slurry into the gap. Moreover, after the addition of microorganisms, the process can realize self-healing of the mortar. The process is provided with an expandable injection needle tube and a bendable injection needle tube for drainage, exhaust and grouting, and does not contaminate the repair surface.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of repairing antiques, in particular to a method for repairing hollows and cracks of antiques. BACKGROUND

[0002] Precious trees are prone to diseases and insect pests in corrosive underwater, causing hollows in the trees, which may cause the trees to fall down, or corrosive underwater buildings and ancient cultural relics are prone to cracks due to water erosion for many years, which may further expand the cracks and cause calcification of the internal concrete, affecting the durability and safety of the project. The conventional glue and mortar cannot ensure the internal filling, and the magnetic mortar can expel water and air and prevent the antique from being further corroded. Generally, the magnetic mortar is used with a grouting pipe and a pressure grouting machine for repairing, and the brittleness of the antique should be considered, and the repairing process should not cause secondary pollution. In view of the above problems, the expandable injection needle tube and the bendable injection needle tube are used for grouting. SUMMARY

[0003] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a method for repairing hollows and cracks of antiques, which proposes a magnetic guiding repair process for underwater antique repair. The process has the advantages of high grout filling density and the ability to guide the cracks with magnetic attraction, and the self-healing of the mortar can be achieved after the addition of microorganisms. The expandable injection needle tube and the bendable injection needle tube are used for water and air grouting, which does not pollute the surface of the repaired object.

[0004] In order to realize the above technical features, the purpose of the present application is realized as follows: the method for repairing hollows and cracks of antiques, when the hollows formed by insect erosion, porcelain bulging, and Buddha head of ceramics and ancient trees need to be repaired, the steps are as follows:

[0005] Step 1.1, material preparation: preparing a magnetic repair material, the magnetic repair material has a structure with pores and microorganisms, an expandable first injection needle tube, the first injection needle tube includes a needle cylinder composed of a first steel pipe and a steel mesh, a piston, a piston shaft, a piston handle, a circular ring, a ball hinge, a support rod, and an air bag, the piston shaft has an electromagnet, and the electromagnet matrix is composed of a non-metal plate and small electromagnets;

[0006] Step 1.2, hollow detection: detecting the hollows by an ultrasonic detector to determine the direction, width, and length parameters of the hollows;

[0007] Step 1.3, the preparation before grouting: according to the actual situation to determine the position and depth of the grouting hole, when the whole cavity is connected with the outside world through a small area, first seal the surface of the object, then insert the needle cylinder into the cavity, the needle cylinder expands into a mesh cage structure under the axial pressure, the piston in the first injection needle tube is connected with the grout storage tank through the grouting pipe;

[0008] Step 1.4, making magnetic repair material: add iron powder, transparent resin material, ceramic or microcapsule with porous structure, bacterial spores and calcium lactate into the transparent underwater gel according to a certain ratio to make magnetic slurry, use superfine cement and nanoscale iron powder with small particle size in the repair of micro cracks, bacterial spores produce CO2 in high alkaline environment, which combines with calcium ions to form solid calcium carbonate, and the sealing width can reach 1mm in a few weeks, and the performance is tested to ensure normal use in the filling stage;

[0009] Step 1.5, cavity suction grouting: support the piston handle with the support rod to fix the piston, inflate the air bag at the end of the needle cylinder to isolate it from the outside world; the piston in the first injection needle tube is connected with the suction device through the rubber pipe, the water and air in the cavity are sucked out, and the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cavity is formed, so that the slurry automatically flows into the cavity;

[0010] Step 1.6, pull the piston shaft: when the first injection needle tube is blocked during grouting, the air bag is deflated to balance the air pressure inside and outside, the support rod is lowered, the piston shaft is pressed inward, the electromagnet in the piston shaft is electrified, the piston shaft is pulled out, then the power is turned off, and the slurry flows back and forth to achieve the effect of dredging;

[0011] Step 1.7, ultrasonic vibration: the electromagnetic matrix is arranged on the plate by multiple electromagnets, the object to be repaired is surrounded by the plate, the object outline is outlined by 3D printing, and the electromagnets corresponding to the shape of the object to be repaired are turned on according to the shape of the object to be repaired; the electromagnet in the hollow piston shaft is replaced by an ultrasonic vibration rod, which can propagate farther under the emission of ultrasonic waves;

[0012] Step 1.8, grouting hole sealing: reciprocate Step 1.5-Step 1.6, after detecting that the cavity is filled with grouting, when the slurry solidifies to a certain extent, lower the support rod, pull out the piston shaft and recover, deflate the air bag, and finally seal the grouting hole with the slurry.

[0013] The method for repairing the cracks on the surface of the ancient object cavity, when the surface cracks on the surface of the corroded underwater ancient building wall and the surface of the porcelain appear, the steps are as follows:

[0014] Step2.1, material preparation: prepare the magnetic repair material, which has a porous structure, microorganisms, a transparent cover plate, a gap tip, a transparent cover plate reserved drainage and exhaust hole, a flexible second injection needle tube, a second injection needle tube including a second steel tube, the second steel tube has a slurry outlet hole in the side wall, a hose, a magnetic attractor, an electromagnetic matrix composed of a non-metal plate and small electromagnetic magnets;

[0015] Step2.2, crack detection: use an ultrasonic detector to detect the crack, determine the direction, width and length parameters of the crack;

[0016] Step2.3, early preparation for grouting: determine the position, depth and diameter of the grouting hole according to the actual situation, drill, when there are multiple cracks, connect them into a whole by drilling, clean the crack after drilling; then cover the crack with a transparent plate, fix the plate around with underwater gel, place the second injection needle tube at one end of the crack, slide the magnet outside the plate along the crack direction, attract and drive the second injection needle tube into the crack; then, the end of the second injection needle tube is connected with the pressure grouting machine through the grouting pipe;

[0017] Step2.4, make magnetic repair material: add iron powder, transparent resin material, ceramic or microcapsule porous structure, bacterial spores and calcium lactate into the transparent underwater gel in a certain proportion to make magnetic slurry, use ultra-fine cement and nano-sized iron powder in the repair of micro-cracks, bacterial spores in a high alkaline environment, produce CO2 and combine with calcium ions to form solid calcium carbonate, which can block a crack with a width of 1mm in a few weeks, and test its performance to ensure its normal use during filling;

[0018] Step2.5, crack grouting: the magnetic slurry enters the crack through the pre-reserved hole in the steel needle side wall, and under the joint action of the magnetic attractor at the other end of the crack and the grouting pressure, it flows to the far end;

[0019] Step2.6, crack drainage and exhaust: a round hole is opened on the cover plate at the tip of the crack, which is connected with a rubber pipe to discharge water vapor; use positive circulation to discharge the slurry in the crack, and after grouting is completed, the rubber pipe is clamped by a water stop clamp;

[0020] Ste2.7, external magnetic field: the electromagnetic matrix is composed of multiple electromagnetic iron arrays arranged on the plate, the plate is used to cover the surface to be repaired, the object contour is outlined by plane printing, and the computer starts the electromagnetic iron corresponding to the shape of the object to be repaired according to the shape of the object to be repaired;

[0021] Step2.8, crack surface treatment: remove the transparent cover plate and grouting pipe, add repaired material particles or color adjusting material to the surface of the repaired part, and restore it by coloring, aging, etc.

[0022] The first expandable injection needle tube is inserted into the cavity for grouting. According to the size of the cavity, the height H and the outer diameter D of the first injection needle tube are selected;

[0023] The needle cylinder has a certain strength, the bottom end is closed, and the upper end is open. The needle cylinder is composed of a first steel pipe and a steel mesh. The bottom end is inserted into the object to be repaired. The needle cylinder is subjected to axial pressure, and the steel mesh expands to form a steel cage. The magnetic repair material penetrates the steel cage and enters the cavity.

[0024] The outer ring of the piston is covered with rubber, which slides up and down in the needle cylinder, and has good air tightness. The piston has two holes. One is connected to the grout storage tank through a rubber pipe, and the other is connected to the suction device.

[0025] The piston shaft has a certain strength, with a height h and an outer diameter d. It is a hollow rod, which can be placed with an electromagnet or replaced with an ultrasonic vibration rod located directly above the piston, transmitting axial force and driving the piston to move.

[0026] The piston handle is a disc structure with an outer ring thickened to clamp the one end of the support rod in the piston handle, fixing the position of the piston shaft. When a pressure difference is formed in the cavity, the automatic grouting of the slurry is realized.

[0027] The circular ring is placed at the hole inserted by the injection needle tube and connected to one end of the support rod through a ball hinge.

[0028] The air bag is located at the top of the first expandable injection needle tube to inflate and block the cavity, forming a sealed working area.

[0029] The electromagnet in the piston shaft generates a magnetic field when powered on, attracting the magnetic repair material and driving the piston to move the slurry inside the cavity. When the grouting is blocked, it has a dredging effect.

[0030] When the gap is on the surface, the surface layer of the cleaning groove is cleaned, and the hole and groove are cleaned by air pressure or steel wire brush.

[0031] The transparent cover plate covers the outer surface of the crack, and the transparent cover plate is fixed around the underwater gel water. Through the transparent cover plate, the crack direction can be seen, and the internal grouting situation can be observed.

[0032] The transparent cover plate at the end of the crack has a drainage and exhaust hole, which is connected to a rubber pipe to drain the water vapor in the crack.

[0033] The second flexible injection needle tube is introduced into the end of the crack by the magnetic attraction of the magnetic attractor. The second injection needle tube includes a second steel pipe with a slurry outlet hole on the side wall. The hose can be bent and deformed, and is made of metal material. The head of the second injection needle tube is a magnetic attractor, which has a guiding effect under the magnetic attraction outside the transparent cover plate.

[0034] The electromagnetic matrix is arranged on a non-metal plate by multiple electromagnets. The power end of the electromagnet is connected to the controller, which is controlled by a computer.

[0035] The present application has the following advantages:

[0036] 1. The present application is aimed at the underwater repair of cultural relics, and innovatively proposes a method for repairing the cavities and cracks of cultural relics. The technology is a new technology for repairing cultural relics in water, and can realize underwater micro-crack repair.

[0037] 2. The present application uses magnetic repair materials and transparent resin materials, does not form new dyeing effects, and facilitates the addition of toning substances to the surface in the later stage, that is, the original color can be restored. The structure of the pores of the ceramic particles, microcapsules, etc. can store microorganisms. After the microorganisms are awakened, they can secrete viscous substances to achieve self-healing.

[0038] 3. The present application uses an expandable injection needle tube to repair cavities. After the injection needle tube is inserted into the cavity, it is subjected to axial pressure, the steel mesh expands into a steel cage, the slurry flows out through the steel cage, and the size of the drill hole at the hole mouth is reduced, while having an anti-pulling effect.

[0039] 4. The present application uses an expandable injection needle tube to realize grouting repair by utilizing the pressure difference between the inside and outside. The strut holds the piston handle to fix the piston shaft, and the air bag at the end of the injection needle cylinder is inflated to isolate it from the outside. The piston in the injection needle tube is connected to the suction device through a rubber pipe, and the water and air in the cavity are sucked out, forming a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cavity, and the slurry is automatically poured into the cavity.

[0040] 5. When the expandable injection needle tube is blocked, the air bag is deflated, the air pressure inside and outside is balanced, the piston shaft is pressed inward, the strut is lowered, the electromagnet inside the piston shaft is energized, and the piston shaft is pulled outward, and then the power is turned off. Thus, the slurry flows back and forth to achieve the effect of dredging, which meets the engineering economy and has strong feasibility.

[0041] 6. The present application uses a strut, a spherical hinge and a circular ring to form a support, and the piston handle is clamped to the strut, and the force is transmitted to the structure through the piston handle, the strut, the spherical hinge and the circular ring in turn, and the movement of the piston is limited.

[0042] 7. The present application uses a transparent cover plate to repair cracks. The crack direction can be seen through the cover plate, and the flexible injection needle tube is introduced along the crack direction by using the magnetic attractor to close the crack inside and avoid slurry pollutants on the surface of the object.

[0043] 8. The present application uses a flexible injection needle tube to repair cracks. The second steel pipe has a slurry outlet hole, the hose section is bent along the crack direction, the magnetic attractor at the head is subjected to magnetic attraction, and the needle tube spreads to the deep part of the crack. Under the action of an external magnetic field, the slurry has high density, strong operability and low cost.

[0044] 9. The present application adopts electromagnetic matrix, controls the electromagnetic iron of opening corresponding area according to the different shape of the area to be repaired, makes the area to be repaired full coverage magnetic field, and accurately repairs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0045] The present application is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and examples.

[0046] Figure 1 The present application relates to the structure with pores and microorganisms.

[0047] Figure 2 The present application relates to the cross-sectional view of the expandable syringe before expansion.

[0048] Figure 3 The present application relates to the cross-sectional view of the expandable syringe for drainage and exhaust.

[0049] Figure 4 The present application relates to the support structure of the piston handle.

[0050] Figure 5 The present application relates to the schematic view of the transparent cover plate position.

[0051] Figure 6 The present application relates to the structure diagram of the bendable syringe.

[0052] Figure 7 The present application relates to the schematic view of the crack grouting repair.

[0053] Figure 8 The present application relates to the structure diagram of the crack corresponding electromagnetic matrix.

[0054] In the figure, including the cavity 1, the repair material has the structure with pores 21, microorganisms 22, the expandable first syringe, the first syringe includes the needle cylinder 4, the needle cylinder is composed of the first steel pipe 41 and the steel mesh 42, the piston 5, the piston shaft 6, the piston handle 7, the circular ring 8, the spherical hinge 9, the support rod 10, the air bag 11, the piston shaft has the electromagnet 12, the crack 13, the transparent cover plate 14, the transparent cover plate reserved drainage and exhaust hole 141 at the crack tip, the bendable second syringe 15, the second syringe 15 includes the second steel pipe 16, the second steel pipe has the grouting liquid hole 161 on the side wall, the hose 17, the magnetic attractor 18, the electromagnetic matrix, the electromagnetic matrix is composed of the non-metal plate 191 and the small piece of electromagnet 192. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The embodiments of the present application are further described below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0056] Example 1:

[0057] Reference Figures 1-4, an ancient artifact hollow gap repairing method, comprising the following steps:

[0058] Step 1.1, material preparation: preparing a magnetic repairing material, the magnetic repairing material comprising a porous structure 21 and microorganisms 22, a first injection syringe, the first injection syringe comprising a needle cylinder 4, the needle cylinder being composed of a first steel tube 41 and a steel mesh 42, a piston 5, a piston shaft 6, a piston handle 7, a circular ring 8, a spherical hinge 9, a support rod 10, and an air bag 11, the piston shaft 6 comprising an electromagnet 12, and an electromagnetic matrix, the electromagnetic matrix being composed of a non-metal plate 191 and small electromagnets 192;

[0059] Step 1.2, cavity detection: detecting the cavity by means of an ultrasonic detector to determine the direction, width and length of the cavity;

[0060] Step 1.3, early preparation for grouting: determining the position and depth of the grouting hole according to the actual situation, when the whole cavity is connected with the outside world through a small area, first sealing the surface of the object, then inserting the needle cylinder 4 into the cavity, the needle cylinder 4 extending into the cavity is expanded into a mesh cage structure, and the piston 5 in the first injection syringe is connected with a grout storage tank through a grouting pipe;

[0061] Step 1.4, preparation of the magnetic repairing material: preparing a magnetic slurry by adding iron powder, transparent resin material, ceramic particles or microcapsule porous structure, bacterial spores and calcium lactate into transparent underwater gel according to a certain ratio, using superfine cement and nanoscale iron powder in the repair of micro cracks, the bacterial spores generate CO2 in an alkaline environment, which combines with calcium ions to form solid calcium carbonate, and the sealing width can reach 1 mm in a few weeks, and the performance is tested to ensure normal use during the filling stage;

[0062] Step 1.5, cavity suction and grouting: the support rod 10 supports the piston handle 7 to fix the piston 5, the air bag at the end of the needle cylinder 4 is inflated to isolate it from the outside world; the piston in the first injection syringe is connected with a suction device through a rubber pipe, the water and air in the cavity are sucked out, and a pressure difference is formed between the inside and outside of the cavity, and the slurry is automatically poured into the cavity;

[0063] Step 1.6, piston shaft pumping: when the first injection syringe is blocked during grouting, the air bag is deflated to balance the internal and external air pressure, the support rod 10 is lowered, the piston shaft 6 is pressed inward, the electromagnet 12 in the piston shaft is energized, and the piston shaft is pulled outward, then the power is turned off, thereby reciprocating to drive the slurry to flow to achieve the effect of dredging;

[0064] Step 1.7, ultrasonic vibration: electromagnetic matrix is arranged by multiple electromagnetic iron arrays on the plate, the plate surrounds the object to be repaired, 3D prints the outline of the object, the computer opens the electromagnetic iron corresponding to the shape of the object to be repaired according to the shape of the object to be repaired; the electromagnetic iron in the hollow piston shaft is replaced by an ultrasonic vibration rod, and the repair slurry can propagate farther under ultrasonic emission;

[0065] Step 1.8, grouting hole plugging: reciprocate Step 1.5-Step 1.6, after detecting that the cavity is filled with grouting, the grouting is solidified to a certain extent, the support rod is lowered, the piston shaft is pulled out and recovered, the air bag is deflated, and finally the grouting hole is plugged with grouting.

[0066] Example 2:

[0067] Referring to Figures 5-8 , the method for repairing the cracks in the ancient hollow objects, when the surface cracks appear on the surface of the corroded underwater ancient building wall and the surface of the porcelain, the steps are as follows:

[0068] Step 2.1, material preparation: magnetic repair material is prepared, the magnetic repair material has a structure 21 with pores, microorganisms 22, a transparent cover plate 14, a transparent cover plate reserved drainage and exhaust hole 141 at the end of the crack, a bendable second injection needle tube 15, the second injection needle tube 15 includes a second steel tube 16, the side wall of the second steel tube has a grouting hole 161, a hose 17, a magnetic attractor 18, an electromagnetic matrix, the electromagnetic matrix is composed of a non-metallic plate 191 and small electromagnetic iron 192;

[0069] Step 2.2, crack detection: the crack is detected by an ultrasonic detector to determine the direction, width and length parameters of the crack;

[0070] Step 2.3, grouting preparation: the position, depth and diameter of the grouting hole are determined according to the actual situation, and drilling is carried out, when there are multiple cracks, the cracks are connected as a whole by drilling, after drilling, the cracks are cleaned; then the second injection needle tube 15 is placed at one end of the crack, the magnet is slid along the crack outside the cover plate, and the second injection needle tube 15 is driven into the crack; then, the second injection needle tube 15 is connected with the pressure grouting machine through the grouting pipe at the end of the second injection needle tube 15;

[0071] Step 2.4, making magnetic repair material: add iron powder, transparent resin material, ceramic or microcapsule with porous structure, bacterial spores and calcium lactate into transparent underwater gel to make magnetic slurry. In the repair of small cracks, use ultra-fine cement and nano-sized iron powder. In high alkaline environment, bacterial spores produce CO2 which combines with calcium ions to form solid calcium carbonate, which can seal cracks with a width of 1 mm in a few weeks. Test the performance to ensure normal use during the filling stage.

[0072] Step 2.5, crack grouting: the magnetic slurry enters the crack through the steel needle side wall reserved hole. Under the joint action of the magnetic attractor at the other end of the crack and the grouting pressure, the magnetic slurry flows to the distal end.

[0073] Step 2.6, crack drainage and exhaust: round holes are opened on the cover plate at the distal end of the crack, and the round holes are connected with rubber pipes to drain water vapor. Use positive circulation to drain the slurry in the crack. After grouting is completed, the rubber pipe is clamped by the water stop clamp.

[0074] Step 2.7, external magnetic field: the electromagnetic matrix is composed of multiple electromagnets arranged on the plate. The plate covers the surface to be repaired. Use plane printing to outline the object. According to the shape of the object to be repaired, turn on the electromagnets corresponding to the shape of the object to be repaired.

[0075] Step 2.8, crack surface treatment: remove the transparent cover plate and grouting pipe. Add repaired object particles or toning substances to the surface of the repaired part for coloring, aging and other restoration and reduction.

[0076] Further, the magnetic repair material is made by adding iron powder, epoxy resin material, ceramic or microcapsule with porous structure 21, bacterial spores 22 and calcium lactate into transparent underwater gel to make magnetic slurry. In the repair of small cracks, use ultra-fine cement, nano-sized iron powder and other small particle size materials. Use transparent resin material, which does not form new dyeing effect, and add toning substances to the surface after the repair, which can restore the original color. Add porous structure and microorganisms. The pores of ceramic, microcapsule and other structures can store microorganisms. After the microorganisms are awakened, they can secrete sticky substances to achieve self-healing.

[0077] Further, the first expandable injection needle tube is inserted into the cavity for grouting. According to the size of the cavity, select the height H and the outer diameter D. After the injection needle tube is inserted into the cavity, it is subjected to axial pressure, and the steel mesh expands into a steel cage. The slurry flows out through the steel cage, reducing the drilling size of the hole, and having anti-pulling effect.

[0078] Further, the needle cylinder 4 has a certain strength, the bottom end is closed, the upper end is open, it is composed of the first steel pipe 41 and the steel mesh 42, the bottom end is inserted into the object to be repaired, the needle cylinder is subjected to axial pressure, the steel mesh expands to form a steel cage, and the magnetic repair material penetrates into the cavity through the steel cage. The first expandable injection needle pipe is used to realize the grouting repair by using the pressure difference between the inside and outside. The support rod supports the piston handle to fix the piston shaft, the air bag at the end of the injection needle cylinder is inflated to isolate it from the outside world; the piston in the injection needle pipe is connected with the suction equipment through the rubber tube, the water and air in the cavity are sucked out, and the pressure difference is formed between the inside of the cavity and the outside world, so that the slurry is automatically filled into the cavity.

[0079] Further, the outer ring of the piston 5 is sleeved with rubber, which slides up and down in the needle cylinder 4, has good air tightness, and has two holes, one of which is connected with the slurry storage tank through the rubber tube, and the other is connected with the suction equipment.

[0080] Further, the piston shaft 6 has a certain strength, a height h and an outer diameter d, and is a hollow rod, which can be placed with an electromagnet or replaced with an ultrasonic vibration rod, located directly above the piston 5, and transmits axial force to drive the piston to move.

[0081] Further, the piston handle 7 has a disc structure, the outer ring is thickened, can clamp the one end of the support rod in the piston handle, fix the position of the piston shaft 6, and realize the automatic filling of the slurry when the pressure difference is formed in the cavity.

[0082] Further, the circular ring 8 is placed at the hole into which the injection needle pipe is inserted, and is connected with one end of the support rod 10 through the ball hinge 9.

[0083] Further, the air bag 11 is located at the top end of the first expandable injection needle pipe, inflates to block the hole, and forms a sealed working area.

[0084] Further, the electromagnet 12 is arranged in the piston shaft, generates a magnetic field when electrified, attracts the magnetic repair material, drives the piston to drive the slurry in the cavity to flow, and has a dredging effect when the grouting is blocked.

[0085] Further, the gap 13 is located on the surface to clean the broken layer on the inner surface of the groove, and the hole and groove are cleaned by air pressure or steel wire brush.

[0086] Further, the transparent cover plate 14 covers the outer surface of the crack, and is fixed around the transparent cover plate 14 with underwater gel water, so that the crack direction and the internal grouting situation can be observed through the transparent cover plate 14; the transparent cover plate 14 at the end of the crack is provided with a drainage and exhaust hole 141 connected with a rubber tube to drain the water vapor in the crack. The transparent cover plate is used to repair the crack, the crack direction can be observed through the cover plate, the bendable injection needle pipe is introduced along the crack direction by using the magnetic attraction, the crack is closed inside, and the object surface is prevented from being polluted by the slurry.

[0087] Further, the second flexible injection needle tube 15 is introduced into the tip from one end of the gap by the magnetic attraction of the magnetic attractor. The second injection needle tube 15 includes a second steel tube 16, and the side wall of the steel tube has a pulp liquid outlet hole 161. The hose 17 can be bent and deformed, and is made of metal. The head of the second injection needle tube 15 is a magnetic attractor, and under the magnetic attraction of the transparent cover plate 14, it has a guiding effect. The second flexible injection needle tube 15 is used to repair the gap. The side wall of the second steel tube has a pulp liquid outlet hole, the hose section is bent along the direction of the gap, the magnetic attractor at the head is subjected to magnetic force, and the needle tube is spread to the deep part of the gap. Under the action of the external magnetic field, the pulp has high density, strong operability, and low cost.

[0088] Further, the electromagnetic matrix is arranged by multiple electromagnetic iron arrays 192 on the non-metal plate 191. The power supply end of the electromagnetic iron is connected to the controller and is controlled by the computer. According to different shapes of the area to be repaired, the electromagnetic iron of the corresponding area is controlled to be turned on, so that the area to be repaired is fully covered by the magnetic field and is accurately repaired.

Claims

1. A method for repairing cavities and gaps in antique artifacts, characterized in that, When ceramics or ancient trees have insect-eaten cavities, bulging porcelain shards, or hollows formed by Buddha heads that require repair, the steps are as follows: Step 1.1, Material preparation: Prepare magnetic repair material, which contains a porous structure (21) and microorganisms (22), expandable first injection needle tube, which includes a syringe (4), which is composed of a first steel pipe (41) and a steel mesh (42), piston (5), piston rod (6), piston handle (7), ring (8), ball hinge (9), strut (10), airbag (11), which contains an electromagnet (12), and an electromagnetic matrix, which is composed of a non-metallic plate (191) and a small electromagnet (192); Step 1.2, Cavity Detection: The cavity is examined using an ultrasonic detector to determine its direction, width, and length parameters; Step 1.3, Preparatory work for grouting: Determine the location and depth of the grouting hole according to the actual situation. When the cavity is connected to the outside in a small area, first seal the surface of the object, and then insert the syringe (4) into the cavity. The syringe (4) is extended into the cavity and expands into a cage-like structure under axial pressure. The piston (5) in the first injection needle tube is connected to the grout storage tank through the grouting tube. Step 1.4, making magnetic repair material: Iron powder, transparent resin material, ceramsite or microcapsule with porous structure, bacterial spores and calcium lactate are added to transparent underwater gel in a certain proportion to make magnetic slurry. In the repair of micro gaps, ultrafine cement and nano-sized iron powder are used. In a highly alkaline environment, the CO2 produced by bacterial spores combines with calcium ions to form solid calcium carbonate. The sealing width can reach 1 mm in a few weeks. Its performance is tested to ensure that it can be used normally in the filling stage. Step 1.5, Cavity suction grouting: The strut (10) supports the piston handle (7) to fix the piston (5), and inflates the air bladder at the end of the syringe (4) to isolate it from the outside world; the piston in the first injection needle tube is connected to the suction device through the rubber round tube to extract water and air from the cavity, and a pressure difference is formed between the cavity and the outside world, and the grout is automatically injected into the cavity. Step 1.6, press the piston rod: When the first injection needle tube is blocked during the grouting process, the air bag is released to balance the internal and external air pressure, the support rod (10) is lowered, the piston rod (6) is pressed inward, the electromagnet (12) inside the piston rod is energized, and the piston rod is pulled outward. Then the power is cut off, and the grout flows repeatedly to achieve the unblocking effect. Step 1.7, Ultrasonic Vibration: The electromagnetic matrix consists of multiple electromagnets arranged in an array on a plate. The plate surrounds the object to be repaired. The outline of the object is 3D printed. The computer activates the electromagnets corresponding to the shape of the object to be repaired based on the shape of the object. The electromagnets in the hollow piston rod are replaced with ultrasonic vibrating rods. Under the emission of ultrasonic waves, the repair slurry can travel further. Step 1.8, Grouting port sealing: Repeat Step 1.5-Step 1.

6. After the cavity is filled with grout, wait for the grout to solidify to a certain extent, lower the support rod, pull out the piston rod and retract it, deflate the airbag, and finally seal the grouting port with grout.

2. The method for repairing cavities and gaps in antiquities according to claim 1, characterized in that, An expandable first injection needle is inserted into the cavity for grouting. The height is selected as H and the outer diameter as D according to the size of the cavity. The syringe (4) has a certain strength, with a closed bottom and an open top. It is made of a first steel pipe (41) and a steel mesh (42) inserted together. The bottom end is inserted into the object to be repaired. The syringe is subjected to axial pressure, and the steel mesh expands to form a steel cage. The magnetic repair material enters the cavity through the steel cage.

3. The method for repairing cavities and gaps in antiquities according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston (5) has a rubber outer ring that slides up and down inside the syringe (4) with good airtightness. The piston has two holes, one of which is connected to the slurry storage tank through a rubber tube, and the other is connected to the suction device.

4. The method for repairing cavities and gaps in antiquities according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston rod (6) has a certain strength, its height is h, its outer diameter is d, and it is a hollow rod. An electromagnet can be placed in the middle, or an ultrasonic vibrating rod can be replaced. It is located directly above the piston (5) to transmit axial force and drive the piston to move. The piston handle (7) is a disc structure with a thickened outer ring, which can hold one end of the support rod inside the piston handle and fix the position of the piston shaft (6). When a pressure difference is formed in the cavity, the slurry is automatically injected.

5. The method for repairing cavities and gaps in antiquities according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring (8) is placed at the insertion hole of the injection needle tube and is connected to one end of the strut (10) via a ball hinge (9); The airbag (11) is located at the top of the expandable first injection needle tube, and is inflated to seal the cavity and form a sealed working area.

6. The method for repairing cavities and gaps in antiquities according to claim 1, characterized in that, There is an electromagnet (12) in the piston rod (6). When energized, it generates a magnetic field, attracts magnetic repair materials, pushes the piston to drive the slurry inside the cavity to flow, and has a clearing effect when the grouting is stuck. When the gap (13) is located on the surface, clean the broken layer on the surface of the groove and clean the groove with air pressure or wire brush.

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