Method for co-disposal and directional application of waste incineration fly ash and industrial waste lye

Abstract

The present application belongs to the harmless disposal and resource utilization field of waste incineration fly ash, and relates to a method for collaborative disposal and directional application of waste incineration fly ash and industrial waste lye, comprising the following steps: S1, activating treatment of hazardous waste to form activated products; S2, performing geopolymer chemical treatment on the activated products to form geopolymer; S3, using the geopolymer to prepare artificial soil for resource utilization. Through the activation treatment, silicon, aluminum, calcium, and heavy metals, ash and other functional elements and effective components in the fly ash are activated and released, and used as raw materials, solving the problems of low utilization rate of fly ash and low compressive strength of obtained geopolymer in the existing fly ash geopolymer solidification and stabilization technology, so as to realize the application of prepared artificial soil in various scenes such as road, waste pile covering, protective facilities, building materials, tailings pond / mine pit repair, marine protection and ecological restoration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of harmless disposal and resource utilization of hazardous waste, and relates to a method for the co-processing and targeted application of fly ash from waste incineration and industrial waste alkaline solution. Background Technology

[0002] Waste incineration fly ash (referred to as "fly ash") is a pollutant produced during the incineration of municipal solid waste, which is rich in heavy metals such as lead, mercury, chromium, zinc, cadmium, and arsenic. Industrial waste alkaline solution (referred to as "waste alkaline solution") refers to wastewater containing high concentrations of alkaline substances generated during industrial production. Its main components are strong alkaline substances such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide, and it may also contain some organic matter, heavy metal ions, and other toxic and harmful substances.

[0003] According to patent (CN114713601A), fly ash geopolymerization solidification and stabilization technology is currently the mainstream method for fly ash treatment. It involves point-to-point targeted disposal of fly ash, specifically at waste incineration plants and landfills. This means solidifying and productizing fly ash at both locations, processing the solidified fly ash from the incineration plant into a geopolymer solidifying agent, which is then used in landfills to prepare resource-utilized products. However, this technology still has the following shortcomings: Firstly, fly ash has low activity in the geopolymerization chemical reaction, making it difficult to fully release and utilize key functional elements and effective components, and the solidification and stabilization effect of pollutants such as heavy metals is not long-lasting. Secondly, with the expansion of point-to-point targeted disposal applications, such as in road base layers, the geopolymer products need to meet certain strength requirements, but the addition of fly ash significantly reduces the strength of the solidified geopolymer.

[0004] In addition, traditional waste alkali treatment technologies (such as acidification, electrolysis, oxidation, and incineration) have drawbacks such as high energy consumption, large investment, difficult operation, easy equipment corrosion, and easy secondary pollution. There are also few reports of on-site resource utilization of the treated products, which cannot fundamentally solve the problem of waste alkali disposal.

[0005] It is evident that current technologies for the disposal of fly ash and waste alkaline solutions still have significant limitations in terms of processes, performance, and applications, failing to fully meet the disposal needs of both. In particular, waste alkaline solutions, as liquid hazardous waste, cannot be effectively addressed using traditional water treatment methods. Furthermore, the "Standard for Pollution Control of Hazardous Waste Landfill" GB18598-2019 stipulates that liquid waste must not be landfilled in hazardous waste landfills. Therefore, a completely new treatment model and product application path are needed to fundamentally solve the application and disposal problems of fly ash and waste alkaline solutions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for the co-processing and targeted application of fly ash from waste incineration and industrial waste alkaline solution.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for the co-treatment of waste incineration fly ash and industrial waste alkaline solution, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1 activates hazardous waste to form activation products;

[0009] S2 performs geopolymerization chemical treatment on the activated product to form a geopolymer;

[0010] S3 uses the geopolymer to prepare artificial soil for resource utilization.

[0011] In some implementations, in step S1, the activation method is to mix hazardous waste with alkaline solution under heated and pressurized conditions.

[0012] In some implementations, S1 includes the following steps:

[0013] S1.1 Adding additives to industrial waste alkaline solution forms a stable geopolymer solution;

[0014] S1.2 Add hazardous waste to the geopolymer solution, mix into a mud-like substance, and activate it by stirring under heating and pressurization conditions to form the activated product;

[0015] Preferably, the heating and pressurizing conditions are: temperature 20-180℃, pressure 0.1-1MPa; preferably, the heating and pressurizing conditions are: temperature 60-140℃, pressure 0.3-0.7MPa; preferably, the heating and pressurizing conditions are: temperature 140℃, pressure 0.7MPa.

[0016] Preferably, the activation time is 2-4 hours; preferably, the activation time is 2-3 hours; preferably, the activation time is 3 hours.

[0017] Preferably, the weight ratio of the industrial waste alkali solution, additives, and hazardous waste is (10-40):(5-50):(20-120);

[0018] Preferably, in step S1.1, the amount of industrial waste alkaline solution added is 10-40 parts by weight, the amount of additive added is 5-50 parts, and the amount of hazardous waste added is 20-120 parts.

[0019] Preferably, the industrial waste alkaline solution is selected from one or more of the HW35 category waste alkaline solutions specified in the 2021 edition of the National Hazardous Waste List; preferably, the industrial waste alkaline solution is selected from waste alkaline solutions generated from at least one of the following industries: refined petroleum product manufacturing, basic chemical raw material manufacturing, fur tanning and product processing, pulp manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and non-specific industries.

[0020] Preferably, the additive is selected from one or more of silica fume, diatomaceous earth, quartz sand, and sodium silicate;

[0021] Preferably, the hazardous waste includes one or more of waste incineration fly ash and incineration residue;

[0022] Preferably, the incineration residue is selected from one or more of the HW18 category of hazardous wastes as specified in the 2021 edition of the National Hazardous Waste List; preferably, the incineration residue is selected from one or more of the following: incineration bottom ash, non-glassy substances from high-temperature hazardous waste disposal, and solids from hazardous waste disposal.

[0023] Preferably, the ratio of the amount of fly ash from waste incineration to the amount of incineration residue is (2-7):(1-5);

[0024] Preferably, the hazardous waste includes 20-70 parts of fly ash from waste incineration and 10-50 parts of incineration residue.

[0025] In some implementations, S2 includes the following steps:

[0026] S2.1 The activated product is stirred and mixed with the curing emulsion and the polymerizing agent to obtain the polymer reactant;

[0027] S2.2 The polymer reactant is loaded into a mold and cured once. After curing, it is demolded and cured a second time. After curing, it is crushed to obtain the polymer.

[0028] Preferably, in step S2.1, the amount of the activated product added is 40-80 parts by weight, the amount of the cured emulsion added is 5-25 parts, and the amount of the geopolymerizing agent added is 15-60 parts.

[0029] Preferably, step S2.1 further includes: mixing the activated product with the curing emulsion, the geopolymerizing agent, and the bulk solid waste to obtain the polymerization reactant; preferably, by weight, the amount of the activated product added is 40-80 parts, the amount of the curing emulsion added is 5-25 parts, the amount of the geopolymerizing agent added is 15-60 parts, and the amount of the bulk solid waste added is 10-30 parts;

[0030] Preferably, step S2.1 further includes: stirring and mixing the activated product with the curing emulsion, the geopolymerizing agent, and the incineration residue to obtain the polymerization reactant; preferably, by weight, the amount of the activated product added is 40-80 parts, the amount of the curing emulsion added is 5-25 parts, the amount of the geopolymerizing agent added is 15-60 parts, and the amount of the incineration residue added is 15-60 parts;

[0031] Preferably, the cured emulsion is selected from one or more of sodium aluminosilicate alkaline emulsion, aluminum silicate alkaline emulsion, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide;

[0032] Preferably, the geopolymer is selected from one or more of red mud, steel slag, blast furnace slag, fly ash, and sludge;

[0033] Preferably, the bulk solid waste is selected from one or more of coal gangue, tailings and associated minerals, smelting slag, industrial by-product gypsum, and construction waste; preferably, the associated minerals include one or more of gold tailings and manganese tailings; preferably, the industrial by-product gypsum includes phosphogypsum.

[0034] Preferably, the incineration residue is selected from one or more of the HW18 category of hazardous wastes as specified in the 2021 edition of the National Hazardous Waste List; preferably, the incineration residue is selected from one or more of the following: incineration bottom ash, non-glassy substances from high-temperature hazardous waste disposal, and solids from hazardous waste disposal.

[0035] Preferably, the mold has a size of 40×40×40mm; the curing condition is room temperature curing; the first curing time is 0.5-3 days; preferably, the second curing time is 2-30 days; the first curing time is 1 day; preferably, the second curing time is 28 days.

[0036] In some embodiments, S3 includes the following steps: mixing geopolymer, polymer, minerals, and leachate, and drying to obtain the artificial soil;

[0037] Preferably, by weight, the amount of geopolymer added is 30-70 parts, the amount of polymer added is 20-50 parts, the amount of mineral added is 10-30 parts, and the amount of leachate added is 15-45 parts.

[0038] Preferably, the polymer is selected from one or more of cellulose, lignin, and urea-formaldehyde resin;

[0039] Preferably, the mineral is selected from one or more of clay, kaolin, talc, and bentonite;

[0040] Preferably, the leachate is selected from one or more of landfill leachate, tailings leachate, sludge leachate, and hazardous waste leachate.

[0041] Secondly, in some embodiments, the present invention provides a geopolymer, which is prepared by step S2 of any of the above-described treatment methods; preferably, the geopolymer contains the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-80 parts of activation product, 5-25 parts of curing emulsion, 15-60 parts of geopolymerizing agent, and 10-30 parts of bulk solid waste.

[0042] Preferably, the cured emulsion is selected from one or more of sodium aluminosilicate alkaline emulsion, aluminum silicate alkaline emulsion, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide;

[0043] Preferably, the geopolymer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-80 parts of activation product, 5-25 parts of curing emulsion, 15-60 parts of geopolymerizing agent, 10-30 parts of bulk solid waste, and 15-60 parts of incineration residue.

[0044] Preferably, the geopolymer is selected from one or more of red mud, steel slag, blast furnace slag, fly ash, and sludge;

[0045] Preferably, the bulk solid waste is selected from one or more of coal gangue, tailings and associated minerals, smelting slag, industrial by-product gypsum, and construction waste; preferably, the associated minerals include one or more of gold tailings and manganese tailings; preferably, the industrial by-product gypsum includes phosphogypsum.

[0046] Preferably, the incineration residue is selected from one or more of the HW18 category of hazardous wastes as specified in the 2021 edition of the National Hazardous Waste List; preferably, the incineration residue is selected from one or more of the following: incineration bottom ash, non-glassy substances from high-temperature hazardous waste disposal, and solids from hazardous waste disposal.

[0047] Thirdly, in some embodiments, the present invention provides an artificial soil, which is prepared by step S3 of the above-described treatment method; preferably, the artificial soil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-70 parts of geopolymer, 20-50 parts of polymer, 10-30 parts of minerals, and 15-45 parts of leachate.

[0048] Preferably, the polymer is one or more selected from cellulose, lignin, and urea-formaldehyde resin;

[0049] Preferably, the mineral is one or more selected from clay, kaolin, talc, and bentonite;

[0050] Preferably, the leachate is one or more of the following: landfill leachate, tailings leachate, sludge leachate, and hazardous waste leachate.

[0051] Fourthly, in some embodiments, the present invention provides an application of geopolymer or artificial soil in road base layers.

[0052] In some implementations, the compressive strength of the geopolymer or artificial soil used for road base courses is not less than 45 MPa.

[0053] Fifthly, in some embodiments, the present invention also provides the application of the geopolymer or the artificial soil in landfill cover layers, protective stone materials, building materials, tailings dam / mine backfill soil, and marine protection and ecological restoration materials; preferably, the protective stone materials include one or more of wave-breaking stones, isolation piles, and slope protection stones; preferably, the building materials include geopolymer concrete.

[0054] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0055] (1) By activating the reaction, the functional elements and effective components such as silicon, aluminum, calcium, heavy metals, and ash in the fly ash and / or industrial waste residue are activated and released, and used as raw materials to solve the problems of low fly ash utilization rate and low compressive strength of the obtained geopolymer in the existing fly ash geopolymerization solidification and stabilization technology.

[0056] (2) Adding auxiliary agents increases the functional elements and effective components released by the activation reaction, so that fly ash can fully participate in the reaction and further improve the yield of high-strength geopolymers;

[0057] (3) By changing the external form of liquid hazardous waste, the property and function of waste alkaline solution were transformed from liquid to solid, opening up a new technical path for the resource utilization of liquid hazardous waste and expanding the application scenarios of liquid hazardous waste.

[0058] (4) By using the co-processing and targeted application method of fly ash and waste alkali liquid, high-strength artificial soil is prepared from fly ash, waste alkali liquid, bulk solid waste and other waste materials through geopolymer chemical reaction, which can be applied to more scenarios and better solve the problem of the disposal of fly ash and waste alkali liquid. Attached Figure Description

[0059] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating the activated product 1 of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating polymer 1 of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating the artificial soil 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The following specific embodiments further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention. These specific embodiments do not represent a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Non-essential modifications and adjustments made by others based on the concept of the present invention still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] The "activation reaction" in this invention refers to the addition of alkaline substances such as waste alkali solution to hazardous wastes such as fly ash. Under certain temperature and pressure, the two undergo an activation reaction, which activates the effective components and functional elements in the fly ash, allowing the fly ash to participate more fully in the polymerization chemical reaction.

[0064] In this invention, "geopolymer liquid" refers to a liquid mixture formed by industrial waste alkaline solution and additives such as sodium silicate.

[0065] In this invention, "cured emulsion" refers to an alkaline substance required in the geopolymerization chemical reaction, which plays a role in alkaline activation.

[0066] In this invention, "geopolymerizing agent" refers to silicon and aluminum source substances required in the geopolymer chemical reaction, which play a role in forming the geopolymer skeleton.

[0067] In this invention, "geopolymer" refers to a geopolymer generated by mixing the obtained activated product with a solidified emulsion, a geopolymerizing agent, and bulk solid waste to undergo a geopolymerization reaction. This geopolymer can co-process fly ash and waste alkaline solution while also co-processing solid waste.

[0068] In this invention, "artificial soil" refers to a synthetic material with pebble-like or soil-like properties obtained by mixing the obtained geopolymer with polymers, minerals, and leachate, such as geopolymer stone, geopolymer soil, and geopolymer concrete, which can be used for road base courses, landfill closure and covering, marine protection and ecological restoration, etc.

[0069] The "geopolymer concrete" in this invention refers to a high-performance concrete material prepared from geopolymers, which can be used in protective facilities and building structures such as wave-breaking stones, isolation piles, and artificial coral reefs.

[0070] Example 1

[0071] This embodiment provides a method for the co-treatment of waste incineration fly ash and industrial waste alkaline solution, including the following steps:

[0072] S1 activates the fly ash from waste incineration to form activation products:

[0073] Using 4 parts by weight of quartz sand and 16 parts by weight of sodium silicate as additives, the additives were added to 30 parts by weight of waste alkaline solution generated during petroleum refining. After reacting for a period of time, a stable geopolymer liquid was formed. 50 parts by weight of fly ash and 12.5 parts by weight of hazardous waste incineration bottom ash ground into powder were added to the obtained geopolymer liquid and mixed into a mud-like substance. The mixture was stirred and activated for 3 hours at a temperature of 140℃ and a pressure of 0.7MPa to form activated product 1.

[0074] S2 performs geopolymerization chemical treatment on the obtained activation product to form a geopolymer:

[0075] The activation product obtained in step S2 (55 parts by weight) was mixed with 10 parts of alkaline aluminum silicate emulsion, 20 parts of slag, 15 parts of construction waste soil, and 15 parts of hazardous waste incineration bottom ash. After a certain reaction time, a polymer was obtained. The polymer was placed into a 40×40×40mm mold, cured at room temperature for 1 day, demolded, and cured for another 28 days. The geopolymer was then crushed into fine particles to obtain geopolymer 1.

[0076] S3 preparation of artificial soil:

[0077] Mix 60 parts by weight of geopolymer, 10 parts by weight of lignin, 20 parts by weight of bentonite, and 10 parts by weight of landfill leachate, and air dry for 1 day to obtain artificial soil 1.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] This embodiment provides a method for the co-treatment of waste incineration fly ash and industrial waste alkaline solution, including the following steps:

[0080] S1 activates fly ash to form activation products:

[0081] Using 50 parts by weight of sodium silicate as an additive, the additive was added to 20 parts of waste alkali solution generated during the chemical raw material manufacturing process. After reacting for a period of time, a stable geopolymer solution was formed. 50 parts of fly ash and 12.5 parts of hazardous waste incineration bottom ash ground into powder were added to the obtained geopolymer solution and mixed into a mud-like substance. The mixture was stirred and activated for 3 hours at a temperature of 140℃ and a pressure of 0.7MPa to form activated product 2.

[0082] S2 performs geopolymerization chemical treatment on the obtained activation product to form a geopolymer:

[0083] The activation product obtained in step S2 (40 parts by weight) was mixed with 10 parts of sodium aluminosilicate alkaline emulsion, 50 parts of steel slag, and 30 parts of non-glassy material for high-temperature treatment of hazardous waste. After the mixture was stirred and mixed, the polymer was obtained after a certain reaction time. The polymer was then placed into a 40×40×40mm mold and cured at room temperature for 1 day before demolding. The curing was continued for 28 days. The geopolymer was then crushed into fine particles to obtain geopolymer 2.

[0084] S3 preparation of artificial soil:

[0085] Mix 60 parts by weight of geopolymer, 10 parts by weight of lignin, 20 parts by weight of bentonite, and 10 parts by weight of landfill leachate, and air dry for 1 day to obtain artificial soil 2.

[0086] Example 3

[0087] This embodiment provides a method for the co-treatment of waste incineration fly ash and industrial waste alkaline solution, including the following steps:

[0088] S1 activates fly ash to form activation products:

[0089] Using 10 parts by weight of silica fume as an additive, the additive was added to 40 parts of waste alkaline solution generated in the chemical process. After reacting for a period of time, a stable geopolymer liquid was formed. 50 parts of waste incineration fly ash were added to the obtained geopolymer liquid and mixed into a mud-like substance. The mixture was stirred and activated for 3 hours at a temperature of 140℃ and a pressure of 0.7MPa to form activated product 3.

[0090] S2 performs geopolymerization chemical treatment on the obtained activation product to form a geopolymer:

[0091] The activation product obtained in step S2 (60 parts by weight) was mixed with 20 parts of alkaline aluminum silicate emulsion, 20 parts of fly ash, and 45 parts of hazardous waste disposal solids. After a certain reaction time, a polymer was obtained. The polymer was placed into a 40×40×40mm mold, cured at room temperature for 1 day, demolded, and cured for another 28 days. The geopolymer was then crushed into fine particles to obtain geopolymer 3.

[0092] S3 preparation of artificial soil:

[0093] Mix 60 parts by weight of geopolymer, 10 parts by weight of lignin, 20 parts by weight of bentonite, and 10 parts by weight of landfill leachate, and air dry for 1 day to obtain artificial soil 3.

[0094] Example 4

[0095] This embodiment provides a method for the co-treatment of waste incineration fly ash and industrial waste alkaline solution, including the following steps:

[0096] S1 activates fly ash to form activation products:

[0097] Using 30 parts by weight of water glass as an additive, the additive was added to 10 parts of waste alkaline solution generated during the chemical raw material manufacturing process. After reacting for a period of time, a stable geopolymer liquid was formed. 50 parts of fly ash and 10 parts of hazardous waste incineration bottom ash ground into powder were added to the obtained geopolymer liquid and mixed into a mud-like substance. The mixture was stirred and activated for 3 hours at a temperature of 140℃ and a pressure of 0.7MPa to form activated product 4.

[0098] S2 performs geopolymerization chemical treatment on the obtained activation product to form a geopolymer:

[0099] The activation product obtained in step S2 (40 parts by weight) was mixed with 10 parts of sodium aluminosilicate alkaline emulsion, 50 parts of fly ash, and 60 parts of hazardous waste disposal solids. After a certain reaction time, a polymer was obtained. The polymer was placed into a 40×40×40mm mold and cured at room temperature for 1 day before demolding. The curing was continued for 28 days. The geopolymer was then crushed into fine particles to obtain geopolymer 4.

[0100] S3 preparation of artificial soil:

[0101] Mix 60 parts by weight of geopolymer, 10 parts by weight of lignin, 20 parts by weight of bentonite, and 10 parts by weight of landfill leachate, and air dry for 1 day to obtain artificial soil 4.

[0102] Example 5

[0103] This embodiment provides a method for the co-treatment of waste incineration fly ash and industrial waste alkaline solution, including the following steps:

[0104] S1 activates fly ash to form activation products:

[0105] Using 10 parts by weight of water glass as an additive, the additive was added to 40 parts of waste alkaline solution generated during the petroleum refining process. After reacting for a period of time, a stable geopolymer solution was formed. 50 parts of fly ash were added to the obtained geopolymer solution and mixed into a mud-like substance. The mixture was stirred and activated for 3 hours at a temperature of 140℃ and a pressure of 0.7MPa to form activated product 5.

[0106] S2 performs geopolymerization chemical treatment on the obtained activation product to form a geopolymer:

[0107] The activation product obtained in step S2, weighing 70 parts, was mixed with 5 parts of sodium aluminosilicate alkaline emulsion, 25 parts of steel slag, and 30 parts of hazardous waste disposal solids. After a certain reaction time, a polymer was obtained. The polymer was then placed into a 40×40×40mm mold and cured at room temperature for 1 day before demolding. The curing was continued for 28 days. The geopolymer was then crushed into fine particles to obtain geopolymer 5.

[0108] S3 preparation of artificial soil:

[0109] Mix 60 parts by weight of geopolymer, 10 parts by weight of lignin, 20 parts by weight of bentonite, and 10 parts by weight of landfill leachate, and air dry for 1 day to obtain artificial soil 5.

[0110] Example 6

[0111] This embodiment provides a method for the co-treatment of waste incineration fly ash and industrial waste alkaline solution, including the following steps:

[0112] S1 activates fly ash to form activation products:

[0113] Using 4 parts by weight of quartz sand and 16 parts by weight of sodium silicate as additives, the additives were added to 30 parts of waste alkaline liquid generated during the petroleum refining process. After reacting for a period of time, a stable geopolymer liquid was formed. 40 parts by weight of fly ash and 10 parts by weight of hazardous waste incineration bottom ash ground into powder were added to the obtained geopolymer liquid and mixed into a mud-like substance. The mixture was stirred and activated for 3 hours at a temperature of 140℃ and a pressure of 0.7MPa to form activated product 6.

[0114] S2 performs geopolymerization chemical treatment on the obtained activation product to form a geopolymer:

[0115] The activation product obtained in step S2 (45 parts by weight) was mixed with 10 parts of alkaline aluminum silicate emulsion, 20 parts of steel slag, 25 parts of gold tailings, and 30 parts of non-glassy material from high-temperature hazardous waste treatment. After stirring and mixing, the polymer was obtained after a certain reaction time. The polymer was then placed into a 40×40×40mm mold and cured at room temperature for 1 day before demolding. The curing was continued for 28 days. The geopolymer was then crushed into fine particles to obtain geopolymer 6.

[0116] S3 preparation of artificial soil:

[0117] Mix 60 parts by weight of geopolymer, 10 parts by weight of lignin, 20 parts by weight of bentonite, and 10 parts by weight of landfill leachate, and air dry for 1 day to obtain artificial soil 6.

[0118] Example 7

[0119] This embodiment provides a method for the co-treatment of waste incineration fly ash and industrial waste alkaline solution, including the following steps:

[0120] S1 activates fly ash to form activation products:

[0121] Using 10 parts by weight of silica fume as an additive, the additive was added to 30 parts of waste alkaline solution generated during the petroleum refining process. After reacting for a period of time, a stable geopolymer liquid was formed. 10 parts of fly ash and 40 parts of hazardous waste incineration bottom ash ground into powder were added to the obtained geopolymer liquid and mixed into a mud-like substance. The mixture was stirred and activated for 3 hours at a temperature of 140℃ and a pressure of 0.7MPa to form activated product 7.

[0122] S2 performs geopolymerization chemical treatment on the obtained activation product to form a geopolymer:

[0123] The activation product obtained in step S2, in a weight ratio of 55 parts, is mixed with 20 parts calcium hydroxide, 15 parts slag, 10 parts phosphogypsum, and 30 parts incineration bottom ash. After the mixture is stirred and mixed, the polymer is obtained after a certain reaction time. The polymer is then placed into a 40×40×40mm mold and cured at room temperature for 1 day before demolding. The curing is continued for 28 days. The geopolymer is then crushed into fine particles to obtain geopolymer 7.

[0124] S3 preparation of artificial soil:

[0125] Mix 60 parts by weight of geopolymer, 10 parts by weight of lignin, 20 parts by weight of bentonite, and 10 parts by weight of landfill leachate, and air dry for 1 day to obtain artificial soil 7.

[0126] Table 1. Raw materials and dosages used to form the activation products in Examples 1-7.

[0127]

[0128] Table 2. Raw materials and dosages of geopolymers formed based on activation products in Examples 1-7.

[0129]

[0130]

[0131] Comparative Example

[0132] Comparative Example 1

[0133] Comparative Example 1 is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the formation step of the activation product is different, i.e., no auxiliary agent is added, as follows:

[0134] A method for co-treating fly ash from waste incineration and industrial waste alkaline solution includes the following steps:

[0135] S1 activates fly ash to form activation products:

[0136] Add 50 parts fly ash and 12.5 parts of hazardous waste incineration bottom residue ground into powder to 30 parts of waste alkaline solution generated during the petroleum refining process, mix them into a mud-like substance, and stir and activate it for 3 hours at a temperature of 140℃ and a pressure of 0.7MPa to form activated product 8.

[0137] S2 performs geopolymerization chemical treatment on the obtained activation product to form a geopolymer:

[0138] The activation product obtained in step S2 (55 parts by weight) was mixed with 10 parts of alkaline aluminum silicate emulsion, 20 parts of slag, and 15 parts of construction waste. After a certain reaction time, the polymer was obtained. The polymer was placed into a 40×40×40mm mold and cured at room temperature for 1 day before demolding. The curing was continued for 28 days. The geopolymer was then crushed into fine particles to obtain geopolymer 8.

[0139] S3 preparation of artificial soil:

[0140] Mix 60 parts by weight of geopolymer, 10 parts by weight of lignin, 20 parts by weight of bentonite, and 10 parts by weight of landfill leachate, and air dry for 1 day to obtain artificial soil 8.

[0141] Comparative Example 2

[0142] Comparative Example 2 is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the steps for adding the adjuvants are different, as follows:

[0143] A method for co-treating fly ash from waste incineration and industrial waste alkaline solution includes the following steps:

[0144] S1 activates fly ash to form activation products:

[0145] Add 50 parts of waste incineration fly ash and 12.5 parts of hazardous waste incineration bottom ash ground into powder to 30 parts of waste alkaline solution generated during the petroleum refining process, mix them into a mud-like substance, and stir and activate it for 3 hours at a temperature of 140℃ and a pressure of 0.7MPa to form activation product 9.

[0146] S2 performs geopolymerization chemical treatment on the obtained activation product to form a geopolymer:

[0147] The activation product obtained in step S2 (55 parts by weight) was mixed with 10 parts of aluminum silicate emulsion, 20 parts of slag, 15 parts of construction waste, 4 parts of quartz sand, and 16 parts of sodium silicate. After a certain reaction time, the polymer was obtained. The polymer was placed into a 40×40×40mm mold and cured at room temperature for 1 day before demolding. The curing was continued for 28 days. The geopolymer was then crushed into fine particles to obtain geopolymer 9.

[0148] S3 preparation of artificial soil:

[0149] Mix 60 parts by weight of geopolymer, 10 parts by weight of lignin, 20 parts by weight of bentonite, and 10 parts by weight of landfill leachate, and air dry for 1 day to obtain artificial soil 9.

[0150] Comparative Example 3

[0151] Comparative Example 3 is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that: no activation treatment is performed, and the raw materials are directly mixed to prepare the cured body, as detailed below:

[0152] A method for co-treating fly ash from waste incineration and industrial waste alkaline solution includes the following steps:

[0153] S2 undergoes direct geopolymerization chemical treatment to form geopolymers:

[0154] Using 4 parts by weight of quartz sand and 16 parts by weight of sodium silicate as additives, the additives were mixed with 30 parts by weight of waste alkaline solution, 50 parts by weight of fly ash, 12.5 parts by weight of hazardous waste incineration bottom ash ground into powder, 10 parts by weight of alkaline aluminum silicate emulsion, 20 parts by weight of slag, and 15 parts by weight of construction waste soil. After a certain reaction time, a polymer was obtained. The polymer was then placed into a 40×40×40mm mold, cured at room temperature for 1 day, demolded, and cured for another 28 days. The geopolymer was then pulverized into fine particles to obtain geopolymer 10.

[0155] S3 preparation of artificial soil:

[0156] Mix 60 parts by weight of geopolymer, 10 parts by weight of lignin, 20 parts by weight of bentonite, and 10 parts by weight of landfill leachate, and air dry for 1 day to obtain 10 parts of artificial soil.

[0157] Comparative Example 4

[0158] Comparative Example 4 is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that: The activation conditions differ for this pair. The activation process was carried out under normal temperature and pressure conditions. The details are as follows:

[0159] A method for co-treating fly ash from waste incineration and industrial waste alkaline solution includes the following steps:

[0160] S1 activates the fly ash from waste incineration to form activation products:

[0161] Using 4 parts by weight of quartz sand and 16 parts by weight of sodium silicate as additives, the additives were added to 30 parts by weight of waste alkaline solution generated during petroleum refining. After reacting for a period of time, a stable geopolymer liquid was formed. 50 parts by weight of fly ash and 12.5 parts by weight of hazardous waste incineration bottom ash ground into powder were added to the obtained geopolymer liquid and mixed into a mud-like substance. Under normal temperature and pressure (temperature 20℃, pressure 0.1MPa), the mixture was stirred and activated for 3 hours to form activated product 11.

[0162] S2 performs geopolymerization chemical treatment on the obtained activation product to form a geopolymer:

[0163] The activation product obtained in step S2 (55 parts by weight) was mixed with 10 parts of alkaline aluminum silicate emulsion, 20 parts of slag, and 15 parts of construction waste. After a certain reaction time, a polymer was obtained. The polymer was placed into a 40×40×40mm mold and cured at room temperature for 1 day before demolding. The curing was continued for 28 days. The geopolymer was then crushed into fine particles to obtain geopolymer 11.

[0164] S3 preparation of artificial soil:

[0165] Mix 60 parts by weight of geopolymer, 10 parts by weight of lignin, 20 parts by weight of bentonite, and 10 parts by weight of landfill leachate, and air dry for 1 day to obtain artificial soil 11.

[0166] Comparative Example 5

[0167] Comparative Example 5 is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the heating and pressurization conditions used for the activation process are different. Specifically:

[0168] Table 3. Effects of temperature, pressure, and reaction time on activation of the reaction.

[0169]

[0170] Comparative Example 6

[0171] Comparative Example 6 is based on Example 1, but differs from Example 1 in that the amount of raw materials used is different; the remaining steps are exactly the same. See Table 4 for details:

[0172] Table 4 explores the effects of different amounts of raw materials on activation products and geopolymers.

[0173]

[0174] The following activated products were prepared using the formulations in Table 4 above: activated product 30 (Comparative 1), activated product 31 (Comparative 2), activated product 32 (Comparative 3), activated product 33 (Comparative 4), activated product 34 (Comparative 5), activated product 35 (Comparative 6), activated product 36 (Comparative 7), and corresponding geopolymers 30 (Comparative 1), 31 (Comparative 2), 32 (Comparative 3), 33 (Comparative 4), 34 (Comparative 5), 35 (Comparative 6), and 36 (Comparative 7).

[0175] Example of effect

[0176] I. The contents of available aluminum and active silicon in the activated products obtained in Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-6 were determined according to the method in "Determination of Available Aluminum and Active Silicon Content in Bauxite by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry" (DB41 / T 1568-2018). Available aluminum is aluminum extracted from fly ash that can participate in geopolymerization chemical reactions, and active silicon is silicon extracted from fly ash that can participate in geopolymerization chemical reactions. Available aluminum is represented as aluminum oxide, and active silicon is represented as silicon dioxide. The results are shown in Table 5:

[0177] Table 5. Content of effective aluminum and active silicon in each group of activation products

[0178]

[0179]

[0180] As can be seen from Table 5, under certain conditions, the activation treatment of fly ash can release the functional elements and effective components such as silicon, aluminum, calcium, heavy metals, and ash, which can then be used as raw materials for efficient utilization.

[0181] II. Compressive strength is a key performance indicator of geopolymers and an important marker of whether geopolymers have formed and their performance. The compressive strength of the geopolymers obtained in Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-6 were determined according to the cubic compressive strength test method specified in the "Test Methods for Mortar" (JGJ / T70). The results are shown in Table 6.

[0182] Table 6 shows the compressive strength of the geopolymers obtained in Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-6.

[0183]

[0184]

[0185] As shown in Table 6, under heating and pressurization conditions, fly ash is activated, releasing its functional elements and effective components such as silicon, aluminum, calcium, heavy metals, and ash, which can then be utilized as raw materials. This helps to compensate for the impact of fly ash on the strength of geopolymers, improving their compressive strength and allowing the resulting high-compressive-strength geopolymers to be applicable to a wider range of scenarios. Simultaneously, additives and waste residue can also be activated to a certain extent, further enhancing the compressive strength of the geopolymers.

[0186] III. According to the "Standard for Pollution Control of Municipal Solid Waste Landfills" (GB 16889-2008), fly ash, after treatment, meets the standard limit requirements for dioxin content and heavy metal leaching concentration and can be used in landfills. Since the dioxin content in the fly ash used in this invention is less than 0.04 μg / kg, within the standard limit (3 μg / kg), this invention only tests the heavy metal leaching content in the fly ash. The leaching concentrations of heavy metals such as Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd, Hg, and As in the geopolymers obtained in the examples and comparative examples were tested according to the method specified in "Solid Waste Leaching Toxicity Leaching Method - Acetic Acid Buffer Solution Method" (HJ / T300-2007). The heavy metal limit standards adopted are those specified in the "Standard for Pollution Control of Municipal Solid Waste Landfills" (GB 16889-2008). The results are shown in Table 7.

[0187] Table 7. Heavy metal leaching concentrations of the geopolymers obtained in Examples 1-7 and Comparative Examples 1-6.

[0188]

[0189] As shown in Table 7, the heavy metal leaching concentrations of the geopolymers prepared in Examples 1-7 meet the standard limits and can be used for resource recovery in landfills. However, the heavy metal leaching concentrations of some geopolymers in Comparative Examples 1-4, Comparative Example 6, and Comparative Example 5 do not meet the standard limits. This indicates that by activating the effective components and functional elements in fly ash, this invention not only improves the compressive strength of the geopolymer but also enhances its ability to solidify heavy metals. The co-processing of fly ash and waste alkaline solution activates the functional elements aluminum and silicon in the fly ash, enhancing its reactivity. Geopolymers are formed through a geopolymer chemical reaction, improving their performance. Simultaneously, the waste alkaline solution is transformed from a liquid to a solid state, laying the foundation for further resource recovery applications.

[0190] Application examples

[0191] Application Example 1: Application of Artificial Soil (Geopolymer Stone) in Road Base Course

[0192] According to the material requirements for cement-stabilized soil in the "Technical Specification for Construction of Highway Pavement Base Course" (JTJ034-2000), for highways of Grade II and below, cement-stabilized soil used for road base courses should meet the following requirements:

[0193] 1. The maximum particle size of a single particle should not exceed 37.5 mm;

[0194] 2. The crushing value of crushed stone or gravel should not exceed 35%;

[0195] 3. The compressive strength of crushed stone or gravel should not be less than 45 MPa.

[0196] The application of artificial soil in road base courses includes the following steps:

[0197] (1) The artificial soil 1 obtained in Example 1 is crushed and sieved to obtain geopolymer 1 with a particle size of 5-30 mm and geopolymer 2 with a particle size of 15-35 mm.

[0198] (2) Prepare cement-stabilized soil for road base course by mixing ground aggregate 1 and ground aggregate 2 according to the above technical specifications; the construction method of cement-stabilized soil shall be carried out in accordance with the technical specifications: add sufficient cement and water to ground aggregate 1 or ground aggregate 2, mix to obtain a mixture, compact and cure it so that its compressive strength meets the specified requirements.

[0199] Compressive strength, soundness, water absorption, dense porosity, crushing value, and particle size are the main performance indicators of crushed stone particles and can be used as the basis for judging their performance. In accordance with the above requirements, to further verify that the various performance indicators of the geopolymer stone prepared by geopolymer in Example 1 of this invention meet the crushed stone particle indicators, thereby replacing crushed stone in the construction of road base courses in cement-stabilized soil, the relevant performance indicators of the artificial particles obtained in Example 1 were further tested. The specific results are shown in Table 8:

[0200] Table 8. Test results of performance indicators of geopolymers 1 and 2

[0201]

[0202]

[0203] The results in Table 8 above show that the key indicators of the geopolymer prepared by the present invention, such as compressive strength, soundness and particle size, are within the range of normal crushed stone; the crushing value and dense porosity are also basically within the standard value of crushed stone, and it can replace crushed stone for cement-stabilized soil.

[0204] Application Example 2: Application of artificial soil (geopolymer soil) in the impermeable layer covering landfill waste piles.

[0205] According to the "Technical Specification for Closure of Municipal Solid Waste Sanitary Landfills" (GB51220-2017), the material requirements for the impermeable layer in the waste pile covering system are as follows: 1. Artificial impermeable materials or natural clay can be used for the impermeable layer; 2. The geomembrane is used as the main impermeable layer, and protective layers should be set at the top and bottom to prevent damage to the geomembrane; 3. The design of the upper and lower protective layers of the geomembrane should meet the following requirements: the upper and lower protective layers can be made of compacted clay, and the thickness of the compacted clay layer should not be less than 300 mm, the compaction degree of the compacted clay should not be less than 85%, and the permeability coefficient should not be greater than 1×10⁻⁶. -5 cm / s.

[0206] Using artificial soil to cover landfill waste piles with an impermeable layer includes the following steps:

[0207] (1) The artificial soil 1 obtained in Example 1 was crushed and sieved to obtain geopolymer soil 1 and geopolymer soil 2;

[0208] (2) The use of geopolymer soil 1 and geopolymer soil 2 for the impermeable layer of the garbage pile shall be carried out in accordance with the above technical specifications: After the prepared geopolymer soil 1 and geopolymer soil 2 are spread on the air venting layer of the covering system, they shall be compacted in layers. The compaction degree of the top shall not be less than 90%, the compaction degree of the slope shall not be less than 85%, and the compacted surface shall be flat and smooth.

[0209] Bulk density, porosity, and permeability coefficient are key indicators of clay properties and can be used as a basis for judging clay performance. In accordance with the above requirements, to further verify that the various performance indicators of the geopolymer soil prepared by this invention can replace natural clay, the relevant performance indicators of the prepared geopolymer soil material were tested. The specific results are shown in Table 9:

[0210] Table 9. Test results of performance indicators of geopolymer soils 1 and 2

[0211] detection indicators Geological aggregate 1 Geological aggregate 2 Indicator Requirements <![CDATA[Unit weight, g / cm 3 > 1.12 1.44 1.0-1.5 Porosity, % 9.25 15.21 ≤30 Permeability coefficient, cm / s <![CDATA[0.2×10 -5 ]]> <![CDATA[3.3×10 -6 ]]> <![CDATA[1×10 -5 Up to 1×10 -7 ]]>

[0212] The results in Table 9 above show that the key parameters such as bulk density, porosity, and permeability coefficient of the geopolymer soil prepared by the method of the present invention are similar to those of clay, and it can replace clay for use as an impermeable layer for covering landfill waste.

[0213] Application Example 3: Application of Artificial Soil (Geopolymer Concrete) in Wave Breakers

[0214] According to the "Test Procedures for Concrete in Water Transport Engineering" (JTJ 270-1998), the requirements for materials used in wave-breaking stone concrete are as follows: 1. The compressive strength should be greater than 30 MPa; 2. The mass loss after 350 rapid freeze-thaw cycles should be less than 5%; 3. The durability service life generally needs to exceed 60 years.

[0215] Using artificial soil in precast concrete for wave-breaking stones includes the following steps:

[0216] (1) The artificial soil 1 obtained in Example 1 was prepared into ground polymer concrete 1 and ground polymer concrete 2 according to the requirements of precast concrete for wave-breaking stones;

[0217] (2) Ground polymer concrete 1 and ground polymer concrete 2 are used for wave break stones. The above test procedures are carried out: the prepared ground polymer concrete 1 and ground polymer concrete 2 are molded according to the specifications and shape requirements of the wave break stones. The posture of the wave break stone blocks is changed from bottom to top to ensure that the blocks are randomly placed on the coastline. The bottom blocks are required to be in close contact with the underwater prisms to consolidate the coastline.

[0218] Compressive strength, frost resistance, and durability are the main performance indicators of wave-breaking stones and can be used as the basis for judging their performance. In accordance with the above requirements, to further verify the various performance indicators of the geopolymer concrete prepared by this invention, the performance indicators were tested, and the specific results are shown in Table 10:

[0219] Table 10 Performance Index Test Results of Polymer Concrete 1 and 2

[0220]

[0221] The results in Table 10 above show that the key indicators such as compressive strength, frost resistance, and durability of the geopolymer concrete prepared by the method of the present invention are within the standard range for wave-breaking stones, and it can be used as concrete to prepare wave-breaking stones.

[0222] Application Example 4: Application of artificial soil (geomagnetic reef) in artificial reefs

[0223] According to the Technical Specification for Construction of Artificial Reefs (SC / T 9416-2014), the requirements for concrete materials used in artificial reefs are as follows: 1. The compressive strength should be greater than C20 (20MPa); 2. The durability life needs to exceed 30 years.

[0224] Using artificial soil for artificial reefs includes the following steps:

[0225] (1) The artificial soil 1 obtained in Example 1 was used to prepare ground aggregate reef 1 and ground aggregate reef 2 according to the requirements of artificial reef;

[0226] (2) The use of ground-aggregate reefs 1 and 2 for artificial reefs shall be carried out in accordance with the above technical specifications: The prepared ground-aggregate reefs 1 and 2 shall be molded into shape according to the specifications, shape and sea conditions of the artificial reef. The location shall be determined by positioning instrument in the sea area and buoys shall be placed; after installing buoys and other markers on the main reef of the unit reef, it shall be transported to the predetermined location. For shallow water areas, it can be directly deployed from the slipway or the reef body can be lifted to the sea surface and released by a crane; for deep water areas, it is advisable to use a crane to lift from the sea surface to the seabed and then release the reef body to improve the accuracy of the deployment location and the stability of the reef body.

[0227] Compressive strength, durability, and other parameters are the main performance indicators of artificial reefs and can be used as the basis for judging the performance of artificial reefs. In accordance with the above requirements, to further verify the various performance indicators of the geosynthetic reef prepared by this invention, the performance indicators were tested, and the specific results are shown in Table 11:

[0228] Table 11 Performance Index Test Results of Geoaggregate Reefs 1 and 2

[0229] detection indicators Geological Aggregate Reef 1 Geological Aggregate Reef 2 Indicator Requirements Compressive strength, MPa 52 55 ≥20 Durability life, y 103 108 ≥30

[0230] The results in Table 11 above show that the key indicators such as compressive strength and durability of the artificial reef prepared by the geosynthetic reef method of the present invention are within the standard of artificial reefs, and can be used as an artificial reef for the preparation of artificial reefs.

[0231] It is understood that the present invention has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Furthermore, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for co-treating fly ash from waste incineration and industrial waste alkaline solution, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1 involves activating hazardous waste to form an activation product; S1 includes the following steps: S1.1 Adding an auxiliary agent to industrial waste alkaline solution to form a stable geopolymer solution; the auxiliary agent is selected from one or more of silica fume, diatomaceous earth, quartz sand, and sodium silicate; S1.2 Hazardous waste is added to the geopolymer solution and mixed into a sludge-like substance. Under heating and pressurization conditions, the mixture is stirred and activated to form the activated product. The heating and pressurization conditions are: temperature 20-180℃, pressure 0.1-1MPa; the activation time is 2-4 hours; the weight ratio of the industrial waste alkali solution, additives, and hazardous waste is (10-40):(5-50):(20-120); the hazardous waste includes one or more of waste incineration fly ash and incineration residue. S2 involves subjecting the activated product to geopolymerization chemical treatment to form a geopolymer; S2 includes the following steps: S2.1 The activated product is stirred and mixed with the curing emulsion, the geopolymerizing agent, and the bulk solid waste to obtain a polymerization reactant; by weight, the amount of the activated product added is 40-80 parts, the amount of the curing emulsion added is 5-25 parts, the amount of the geopolymerizing agent added is 15-60 parts, and the amount of the bulk solid waste added is 10-30 parts; the curing emulsion is selected from one or more of sodium aluminosilicate alkaline emulsion, aluminum silicate alkaline emulsion, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide; the geopolymerizing agent is selected from one or more of red mud, steel slag, slag, fly ash, and sludge; the bulk solid waste is selected from one or more of coal gangue, tailings and associated minerals, smelting slag, industrial by-product gypsum, and construction waste; the associated minerals include one or more of gold tailings and manganese tailings; the industrial by-product gypsum is phosphogypsum. S2.2 The polymer reactant is loaded into a mold and cured once. After curing, it is demolded and cured a second time. After curing, it is crushed to obtain the polymer. S3 uses the geopolymer to prepare artificial soil for resource utilization; S3 includes the following steps: stirring and mixing the geopolymer, polymer, minerals, and leachate, and drying to obtain the artificial soil; By weight, the amount of the geopolymer added is 30-70 parts, the amount of the polymer added is 20-50 parts, the amount of the mineral added is 10-30 parts, and the amount of the leachate added is 15-45 parts; the polymer is selected from one or more of cellulose, lignin, and urea-formaldehyde resin; the mineral is selected from one or more of clay, kaolin, talc, and bentonite; and the leachate is selected from one or more of landfill leachate, tailings leachate, sludge leachate, and hazardous waste leachate.

2. The treatment method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heating and pressurizing conditions are: temperature 60-140℃, pressure 0.3-0.7MPa; the activation time is 2-3h; by weight, in step S1.1, the amount of industrial waste alkaline solution added is 10-40 parts, the amount of additive added is 5-50 parts, and the amount of hazardous waste added is 20-120 parts; the industrial waste alkaline solution is selected from one or more of the HW35 category waste alkaline solutions specified in the 2021 edition of the National Hazardous Waste List; the incineration residue is selected from one or more of the HW18 category hazardous wastes specified in the 2021 edition of the National Hazardous Waste List; when the hazardous waste includes waste incineration fly ash and incineration residue, the ratio of the amount of waste incineration fly ash to the amount of incineration residue added is (2-7):(1-5).

3. The treatment method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The industrial waste alkaline solution is selected from waste alkaline solution generated in at least one of the following industries: refined petroleum product manufacturing, basic chemical raw material manufacturing, fur tanning and product processing, pulp manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and non-specific industries; the incineration residue is selected from one or more of the following: incineration bottom ash, non-glassy substances from high-temperature hazardous waste treatment, and solids from hazardous waste treatment; when the hazardous waste includes waste incineration fly ash and incineration residue, the hazardous waste includes 20-70 parts of waste incineration fly ash and 10-50 parts of incineration residue.

4. The treatment method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The curing conditions in step S2.2 are room temperature curing; the first curing time is 0.5-3 days; and the second curing time is 2-30 days.

5. An artificial soil, characterized in that, The artificial soil is prepared by step S3 of the treatment method as described in any one of claims 1-4.

6. The application of the artificial soil as described in claim 5 in the road base layer.

7. In the application as described in claim 6, the compressive strength of the artificial soil used for road base courses is not less than 45 MPa.

8. The application of the artificial soil as described in claim 5 in landfill cover layers, protective stone materials, building materials, tailings ponds, mine backfill soil, and marine protection and ecological restoration materials; wherein the protective stone materials include one or more of wave-breaking stones, isolation piles, and slope protection stones; and the building materials include geopolymer concrete.

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