Preparation method of copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy for electromagnetic railgun guide rail

Abstract

The application discloses a preparation method of a copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy for an electromagnetic railgun guide rail, and comprises the following steps: S1, the copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy comprises Cr: 0.8-1.2%, Nb: 0.10-0.20%, Zr: 0.10-0.20%, and Cu: the balance, raw materials are prepared according to the element composition, then smelting is carried out, and a cylindrical ingot is cast; S2, the cylindrical ingot after the step S1 is subjected to homogenization annealing treatment; S3, the cylindrical ingot after the homogenization annealing treatment in the step S2 is subjected to hot extrusion; S4, the hot extruded profile after the step S3 is subjected to solid solution treatment; S5, the solid solution ingot after the step S4 is subjected to cold drawing / cold forging deformation treatment; S6, the semi-finished product after the step S5 is subjected to aging treatment, and the copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy is obtained. Through the interaction between chromium, zirconium, niobium elements and the copper matrix, the strength and hardness of the alloy are greatly improved, and high-strength, high-conductivity and high-temperature resistance can be realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the alloy manufacturing technical field, in particular to a preparation method of a copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy for an electromagnetic rail gun guide rail. BACKGROUND

[0002] The electromagnetic rail gun is a new concept kinetic energy weapon which uses electromagnetic energy to drive a charged current armature to slide to a super high speed, has the advantages of high initial speed, long range, great power and strong controllability, and thus becomes a focus of development of various military powers. 6 Unlike the traditional gun barrel material, the electromagnetic rail gun guide rail must bear a strong current of (3-4) x 10

[0003] It is known that copper is a metal with excellent electrical conductivity and good economy, so domestic and foreign scholars basically focus on the research and development of high-strength and high-conductivity copper-based composite materials.

[0004] For copper-based composite materials, strength and electrical conductivity are negatively correlated, that is, improving electrical conductivity will inevitably lead to a decrease in strength, and vice versa. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the application provides a preparation method of a copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy for an electromagnetic rail gun guide rail.

[0006] The technical scheme of the application is as follows: a preparation method of a copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy for an electromagnetic rail gun guide rail, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1, the copper chromium niobium zirconium alloy comprises Cr: 0.8-1.2%, Nb: 0.10-0.20%, Zr: 0.10-0.20%, Cu: balance, the copper source, the chromium source, the niobium source and the zirconium source are proportioned according to the weight percentage of the element composition, the proportioned raw materials are put into a vacuum medium frequency induction furnace for smelting, the smelting temperature is 1400-1600 DEG C, electromagnetic stirring is kept during the smelting process, the refining time is 30-40 min, and an alloy solution is obtained; the alloy solution is degassed and deoxidized, then introduced into a crystallizer for cooling crystallization, and a cylindrical ingot of the copper chromium niobium zirconium alloy can be obtained after demolding;

[0008] S2, the cylindrical ingot obtained in step S1 is subjected to homogenization annealing treatment, the homogenization annealing treatment temperature is 850-880 DEG C, the temperature is kept for 1-3 h, and water cooling is performed, so that the cylindrical ingot subjected to homogenization annealing treatment is obtained;

[0009] S3, the cylindrical ingot subjected to homogenization annealing treatment obtained in step S2 is subjected to hot extrusion, the hot extrusion heating temperature is 910-940 DEG C, the temperature is kept for 20-60 min, the hot extrusion temperature is 890-920 DEG C, the extrusion time is 35-50 s, and the extrusion ratio is 5-8, so that a hot extruded profile is obtained;

[0010] S4, the hot extruded profile obtained in step S3 is subjected to solid solution treatment, the solid solution treatment temperature is 940-980 DEG C, the temperature is kept for 0.5-1.5 h, and water cooling is performed, so that a solid solution ingot is obtained;

[0011] S5, the solid solution ingot obtained in step S4 is subjected to cold drawing / cold forging deformation treatment, the deformation amount of the cold drawing / cold forging deformation treatment is 50-80%, and a semi-finished product is obtained;

[0012] S6, the semi-finished product obtained in step S5 is subjected to aging treatment, is slowly heated to 400-450 DEG C in an atmosphere protection furnace, is kept for 3-5 h, is cooled in the furnace to below 100 DEG C, and is then air cooled, so that the copper chromium niobium zirconium alloy is obtained.

[0013] Description: the copper chromium niobium zirconium alloy is proportioned according to the above method, the composition is reasonable, the mutual action between chromium, zirconium, niobium elements and the copper matrix makes the strengthening phase in the alloy uniformly distributed, the crystal grains are small and uniform, the addition of trace element Nb not only has no adverse effect on the electrical conductivity of the alloy, but also greatly improves the strength and hardness of the alloy, and high strength, high conductivity and high temperature resistance can be realized, the copper chromium niobium zirconium alloy is prepared by using the above process, the preparation process is reasonable, the cold deformation and aging process make the grain size small, the precipitated phase and the matrix in the alloy are nanocrystallized, the operation is relatively simple, the flexibility is good, the cost is low, energy consumption is reduced, the quality is stable, and industrialized production is easy.

[0014] Further, the step S1 adopts a bottom pouring type or a side flat type pouring system.

[0015] Description: The above-mentioned bottom pouring or side flat pouring system can well meet the smelting and pouring of copper source, chromium source, niobium source and zirconium source, and is simple to operate.

[0016] Further, the step S3 hot extrusion is selected from any one of forward extrusion, backward extrusion and hydrostatic extrusion.

[0017] Description: The hot extrusion treatment by any one of the above-mentioned forward extrusion, backward extrusion and hydrostatic extrusion can meet the hot extrusion treatment requirement of the cylindrical ingot, but the hot extrusion method is not limited to the above-mentioned methods.

[0018] Further, the step S4 surface treatment is required after the solution treatment of the blank, and the surface treatment method includes mechanical turning, grinding and ultrasonic cleaning.

[0019] Description: The surface of the blank after the solution treatment should be bright and clean, without cracks, inclusions, pores, burrs, oxide scales and other defects, and the surface treatment of the blank can effectively remove impurities, the above-mentioned surface treatment methods of mechanical turning, grinding and ultrasonic cleaning can meet the surface treatment requirement of the blank, but the surface treatment method is not limited to the above-mentioned methods.

[0020] Further, the protective atmosphere of the step S6 is selected from any one of inert gas, hydrogen and nitrogen.

[0021] Description: The above-mentioned inert gas, hydrogen and nitrogen as the protective atmosphere can effectively isolate oxygen, and also can be used as heat transfer medium, which is beneficial to the heating uniformity in the aging treatment.

[0022] Further, during the process of introducing the alloy solution into the crystallizer after degassing and deoxidizing, the alloy solution is introduced into the crystallizer through a special liquid adding pipe, and a certain amount of powder is slowly added through the special liquid adding pipe during the process, the powder is uniformly mixed by silicon powder and titanium white powder, wherein the ratio of silicon powder to alloy solution is 10-20g:500mL; the ratio of titanium white powder to alloy solution is 5-40g:500mL.

[0023] Description: By introducing a certain amount of powder during the process of introducing the alloy solution into the crystallizer, the strength and hardness of the alloy can be further enhanced, and the alloy has better electrical conductivity.

[0024] Further, the temperature of the powder is controlled between 60-85℃.

[0025] Description: According to a large number of experiments, it is found that the performance of the alloy obtained by controlling the introduction temperature of the powder has a certain influence, therefore, we find that by further controlling the temperature range of the powder on the basis of adding the powder into the alloy solution, the strength, hardness and conductivity of the alloy are effectively enhanced.

[0026] Further, the liquid adding special pipe comprises a pipe body, an impeller and a powder storage ring.

[0027] The liquid inlet of the pipe body is provided with a flared mouth, the impeller is arranged in the middle of the pipe body and connected with the inner wall of the pipe body through a support, and the powder storage ring is sleeved on the upper side wall of the pipe body.

[0028] The shaft of the impeller is rotationally connected with the support, the inner wall of the pipe body is provided with a plurality of sliding rods which can reciprocate by being extruded by the rotation of the impeller, the outer wall of the pipe body is provided with a pump liquid bag corresponding to each sliding rod, the sliding rod is slidingly and sealingly connected with the opening of the pipe body, the outer wall of the pipe body is provided with a frame body for resetting the sliding rod, one end of the pump liquid bag is connected with the inner wall of the frame body, and the other end is connected with the sliding rod, a stop ring is fixedly sleeved on the sliding rod outside the pipe body, and the stop ring is connected with the outer wall of the pipe body through a spring.

[0029] The pump liquid bag is externally connected with a temperature control box for storing and controlling the temperature of the temperature control liquid, the pump liquid bag is in communication with the temperature control box through a first communication pipe, the powder storage ring is hollow inside and provided with an annular piston plate, the inner cavity of the powder storage ring on the upper side of the annular piston plate is in communication with the pump liquid bag through a second communication pipe, and the inner cavity of the powder storage ring on the lower side of the annular piston plate is provided with a plurality of powder outlet pipes extending into the pipe body.

[0030] The annular piston plate is composed of an annular copper plate and a rubber sealing edge wrapping the edge of the annular copper plate, and a plurality of telescopic spring rods are connected with the inner bottom surface of the powder storage ring on the lower side of the annular piston plate, and the spring rods are made of copper.

[0031] Description: The use of the above-mentioned liquid adding special pipe can add the above-mentioned liquid adding special pipe to the existing equipment without affecting the existing equipment, and can well meet the requirement of adding the temperature-controlled powder into the alloy solution without increasing the operation difficulty, so that the overall process flow remains simple and easy to industrialize.

[0032] Further, the powder outlet pipe is provided with an S-shaped powder outlet pipeline, the inner wall of the pipe body above the powder outlet pipe is circumferentially provided with a plurality of guide inclined plates, and the sandwich structure of ceramic-heat insulation cotton-ceramic is used as the material of each component of the liquid adding special pipe.

[0033] Illustration: through the above design of the powder outlet pipe of the powder outlet pipe, the alloy solution can be effectively prevented from entering the powder storage ring through the powder outlet pipe, and the powder outlet efficiency can be improved; through the above material, the use requirement of high-temperature heat insulation of the liquid adding special pipe can be effectively met.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0035] (1) The composition of the copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy for electromagnetic railgun guide rail is reasonable, the interaction between chromium, zirconium, niobium elements and the copper matrix makes the strengthening phase in the alloy uniformly distributed, the grain is small and uniform, the addition of trace element Nb not only has no adverse effect on the electrical conductivity of the alloy, but also greatly improves the strength and hardness of the alloy, and high strength, high conductivity and high temperature resistance can be realized.

[0036] (2) The preparation process flow of the copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy for electromagnetic railgun guide rail is reasonable, the cold deformation and aging process makes the grain size small, and the precipitated phase and matrix in the alloy are nanometerized; and the operation is relatively simple, the flexibility is good, the cost is low, the energy consumption is reduced, the quality is stable, and the industrialized production is easy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 is the metallographic photo of the copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy prepared in example 1 of the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 is the metallographic photo of the copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy prepared in example 2 of the present application;

[0039] Figure 3 is the metallographic photo of the copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy prepared in example 3 of the present application;

[0040] Figure 4 is the appearance schematic diagram of the liquid adding special pipe of the present application;

[0041] Figure 5 is the top view appearance schematic diagram of the liquid adding special pipe of the present application;

[0042] Figure 6 is the bottom view appearance schematic diagram of the liquid adding special pipe of the present application;

[0043] Figure 7 is the longitudinal section structure schematic diagram of the powder storage ring of the liquid adding special pipe of the present application;

[0044] Figure 8 is the impeller structure schematic diagram of the liquid adding special pipe of the present application;

[0045] Figure 9 is the pump liquid bag and frame assembly structure schematic diagram of the liquid adding special pipe of the present application;

[0046] 1-pipe body, 11-horn, 12-bracket, 13-sliding rod, 14-stop ring, 15-guiding inclined plate, 2-impeller, 3-powder storage ring, 31-ring piston piece, 32-powder outlet pipe, 33-spring rod, 4-pump liquid bag, 5-frame, 6-temperature control box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The application will be described in further detail below with specific embodiments to better reflect the advantages of the application.

[0048] Embodiment 1

[0049] A preparation method of a copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy for an electromagnetic railgun guide rail, comprising the following steps:

[0050] S1, the copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy comprises Cr: 1.18%, Nb: 0.171%, Zr: 0.104%, Cu: balance, the copper source, the chromium source, the niobium source, and the zirconium source are dosed according to the weight percentage of the above elements, the dosed raw materials are put into a vacuum medium-frequency induction furnace for smelting, the smelting temperature is 1500°C, a bottom pouring system is adopted, electromagnetic stirring is maintained during the smelting process, the refining time is 35 min, and an alloy solution is obtained; the alloy solution is degassed and deoxidized, then introduced into a crystallizer for cooling crystallization, and after demolding, a cylindrical ingot of the copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy is obtained;

[0051] S2, the cylindrical ingot obtained in step S1 is subjected to homogenization annealing treatment, the homogenization annealing treatment temperature is 860°C, the temperature is maintained for 1.5 h, and water cooling is performed, to obtain a cylindrical ingot subjected to homogenization annealing treatment;

[0052] S3, the cylindrical ingot subjected to homogenization annealing treatment obtained in step S2 is subjected to hot extrusion, the hot extrusion adopts forward extrusion, the hot extrusion heating temperature is 920°C, the temperature is maintained for 60 min, the hot extrusion temperature is 910°C, the extrusion time is 40 s, the extrusion ratio is 8, and a hot extruded profile is obtained;

[0053] S4, the hot extruded profile obtained in step S3 is subjected to solid solution treatment, the solid solution treatment temperature is 960°C, 1 h, water cooling, and then the surface of the blank is treated, the surface treatment comprises mechanical turning, grinding, and ultrasonic cleaning, to obtain a solid solution ingot;

[0054] S5, the solid solution ingot obtained in step S4 is subjected to cold drawing / cold forging deformation treatment, the deformation amount of the cold drawing / cold forging deformation treatment is 60%, and a semi-finished product is obtained;

[0055] S6, the semi-finished product obtained in step S5 is subjected to aging treatment, slowly heated to 430°C in an atmosphere protection furnace in a nitrogen atmosphere, maintained for 4.5 h, furnace cooled to below 100°C, and then air cooled, to obtain a copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] A preparation method of a copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy for an electromagnetic railgun guide rail, comprising the following steps:

[0058] S1, the copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy comprises Cr: 1.12%, Nb: 0.152%, Zr: 0.184%, Cu: the balance, the copper source, the chromium source, the niobium source and the zirconium source are dosed according to the weight percentage of the above element composition, the prepared raw materials are put into a vacuum medium frequency induction furnace for smelting, the smelting temperature is 1400℃, a bottom pouring system is adopted, electromagnetic stirring is maintained during the smelting process, the refining time is 40min, and an alloy solution is obtained; the alloy solution is degassed and deoxidized, then introduced into a crystallizer for cooling crystallization, and a cylindrical ingot of the copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy is obtained after demolding;

[0059] S2, the cylindrical ingot obtained in step S1 is subjected to homogenization annealing treatment, the homogenization annealing treatment temperature is 850℃, the temperature is kept for 2h, and water cooling is performed, to obtain a cylindrical ingot subjected to homogenization annealing treatment;

[0060] S3, the cylindrical ingot subjected to homogenization annealing treatment obtained in step S2 is subjected to hot extrusion, the hot extrusion adopts forward extrusion, the hot extrusion heating temperature is 940℃, the temperature is kept for 30min, the hot extrusion temperature is 890℃, the extrusion time is 35s, the extrusion ratio is 6, and a hot extruded profile is obtained;

[0061] S4, the hot extruded profile obtained in step S3 is subjected to solid solution treatment, the solid solution treatment temperature is 980℃, 0.5h, water cooling, and then the billet is subjected to surface treatment, the surface treatment comprises mechanical turning, grinding and ultrasonic cleaning, to obtain a solid solution ingot;

[0062] S5, the solid solution ingot obtained in step S4 is subjected to cold drawing / cold forging deformation treatment, the deformation amount of the cold drawing / cold forging deformation treatment is 50%, and a semi-finished product is obtained;

[0063] S6, the semi-finished product obtained in step S5 is subjected to aging treatment, slowly heated to 450℃ in an atmosphere protection furnace in a nitrogen atmosphere, kept for 4h, furnace cooled to below 100℃, and then air cooled, to obtain a copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] A preparation method of a copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy for an electromagnetic railgun guide rail, comprising the following steps:

[0066] S1, the copper chromium niobium zirconium alloy comprises Cr: 1.09%, Nb: 0.125%, Zr: 0.131%, Cu: balance; according to the weight percentage of the above element composition, the copper source, the chromium source, the niobium source and the zirconium source are proportioned, the prepared raw materials are put into a vacuum medium frequency induction furnace for smelting, the smelting temperature is 1600 DEG C, a bottom pouring type casting system is adopted, electromagnetic stirring is maintained during the smelting process, the refining time is 30 min, and an alloy solution is obtained; the alloy solution is degassed and deoxidized, and then introduced into a crystallizer for cooling crystallization, and a cylindrical ingot of the copper chromium niobium zirconium alloy can be obtained after demolding;

[0067] S2, the cylindrical ingot obtained in step S1 is subjected to homogenization annealing treatment, the homogenization annealing treatment temperature is 880 DEG C, the holding time is 1 h, and water cooling is performed, so that the homogenization annealing treated cylindrical ingot is obtained;

[0068] S3, the homogenization annealing treated cylindrical ingot obtained in step S2 is subjected to hot extrusion, the hot extrusion adopts forward extrusion, the hot extrusion heating temperature is 910 DEG C, the holding time is 40 min, the hot extrusion temperature is 920 DEG C, the extrusion time is 45 s, and the extrusion ratio is 5, so that the hot extruded profile is obtained;

[0069] S4, the hot extruded profile obtained in step S3 is subjected to solid solution treatment, the solid solution treatment temperature is 940 DEG C, the holding time is 1.5 h, and water cooling is performed, and then the surface treatment of the blank is performed, the surface treatment comprises mechanical turning, grinding and ultrasonic cleaning, so that the solid solution ingot is obtained;

[0070] S5, the solid solution ingot obtained in step S4 is subjected to cold drawing / cold forging deformation treatment, the deformation amount of the cold drawing / cold forging deformation treatment is 80%, and the semi-finished product is obtained;

[0071] S6, the semi-finished product obtained in step S5 is subjected to aging treatment, is slowly heated to 440 DEG C in an atmosphere protection furnace in a nitrogen atmosphere, is kept for 5 h, is cooled to below 100 DEG C in the furnace, and then is air cooled, so that the copper chromium niobium zirconium alloy is obtained.

[0072] As Figure 1 、 2 , 3 respectively are metallographic photos of example 1, example 2 and example 3, and it can be found through observation that the copper chromium niobium zirconium alloy prepared by the preparation method of the application has small grain size, and meets the use requirements of the electromagnetic rail gun guide rail;

[0073] Meanwhile, the high-strength high-conductivity high-temperature-resistant copper chromium niobium zirconium alloy subjected to the above treatment is subjected to relevant performance tests, and the results are shown in table 1:

[0074] Table 1 performance test table of high-strength high-conductivity high-temperature-resistant copper chromium niobium zirconium alloy

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] As shown in Table 1, the high-strength high-conductivity high-temperature-resistant copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium guide rail prepared by the method of the present application meets the performance requirements of the electromagnetic railgun guide rail, specifically, the tensile strength Rm is ≥550 MPa, the yield strength Rp0.2 is ≥450 MPa, the elongation is ≥10%, the hardness is ≥80 HRB, the electrical conductivity (20℃) is ≥80% IACS, and the softening temperature is ≥650℃.

[0078] Meanwhile, by comparing the performance parameters of Comparative Examples 1, 2 and 3, it can be found that the electrical conductivity is relatively optimal under the copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium ratio and preparation method of Example 1, and also meets the performance requirements of the electromagnetic railgun guide rail.

[0079] Example 4

[0080] The difference between this example and Example 1 is that, during the process of introducing the alloy solution into the crystallizer after degassing and deoxidizing, the alloy solution is introduced into the crystallizer through a special liquid adding pipe, and a certain amount of powder is slowly added through the special liquid adding pipe during the process, the powder is uniformly mixed by silicon powder and titanium white powder, wherein the ratio of silicon powder to alloy solution is 12g:500mL; the ratio of titanium white powder to alloy solution is 30g:500mL, and the temperature of the powder is controlled at 75℃.

[0081] As shown in Figures 3-9 , the special liquid adding pipe includes a pipe body 1, an impeller 2 and a powder storage ring 3; a flared mouth 11 is arranged at the liquid inlet of the pipe body 1, the impeller 2 is arranged in the middle of the pipe body 1 and is connected with the inner wall of the pipe body 1 through a support 12, and the powder storage ring 3 is sleeved on the upper side wall of the pipe body 1,

[0082] the shaft of the impeller 2 is rotationally connected with the support 12, and the inner wall of the pipe body 1 is provided with six sliding rods 13 which can reciprocate by being extruded by the rotation of the impeller 2, the outer wall of the pipe body 1 is provided with pump liquid bags 4 corresponding to the sliding rods 13 one by one, the sliding rods 13 are slidingly and sealingly connected with the openings of the pipe body 1, the outer wall of the pipe body 1 is provided with a frame 5 for resetting the sliding rods 13, one end of the pump liquid bag 4 is connected with the inner wall of the frame 5, and the other end is connected with the sliding rod 13, a stop ring 14 is fixedly sleeved on the sliding rod 13 outside the pipe body 1, the stop ring 14 is connected with the outer wall of the pipe body 1 through a spring, and the edge of the impeller 2 is provided with an arc-shaped plate, one end of the sliding rod 13 is provided with an arc-shaped block, and the cooperation of the arc-shaped plate and the arc-shaped block can improve the pushing efficiency of the impeller 2 on the sliding rod 13;

[0083] The pump liquid bag 4 is connected with a temperature control box 6 for storing and controlling the temperature of the temperature control liquid, and the temperature control liquid is water.

[0084] The ring-shaped piston sheet 31 is made of a ring-shaped copper sheet and a rubber sealing edge for wrapping the edge of the ring-shaped copper sheet, and the lower side of the ring-shaped piston sheet 31 is connected with the inner bottom surface of the powder storage ring 3 through a plurality of telescopic spring rods 33.

[0085] The powder outlet pipe 32 is provided with an S-shaped powder outlet pipe, and the outlet end of the powder outlet pipe is provided with a protrusion for blocking material.

[0086] The preparation method of the copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy for the electromagnetic rail gun guide rail is different from that of the first embodiment in that, after the alloy solution is degassed and deoxidized, the alloy solution is introduced into the pipe body 1 through the horn 11,

[0087] The alloy solution is made to produce a cyclone through the action of each guide plate 15, and further made to rotate the impeller 2, and the impeller 2 is periodically pushed and pressed through the action of the impeller 2, so as to extrude the pump liquid bag 4 through each sliding rod 13, and the temperature control liquid is made to be one-way extruded into the powder storage ring 3 through the second communication pipe under the action of the one-way valve at the second communication pipe interface, and the ring-shaped piston sheet 31 is continuously extruded downward to press the powder through the hydraulic action, so as to make the powder extruded from the powder outlet pipe of the powder outlet pipe 32 and mixed with the alloy solution in the cyclone state.

[0088] When the sliding rod 13 loses the push of the impeller 2, the sliding rod 13 and the pump liquid bag 4 are reset under the restoring force of the spring, and during the reset of the pump liquid bag 4, the temperature control liquid in the temperature control box 6 is one-way sucked into the pump liquid bag 4 through the first communication pipe under the action of the one-way valve at the first communication pipe interface, and the pump liquid bag 4 continuously extrudes the temperature control liquid into the powder storage ring 3 through the reciprocating motion of the sliding rod 13.

[0089] During the process, the powder in the powder storage ring 3 is heated and kept at 75℃ through the heat conduction of the ring-shaped copper sheet of the ring-shaped piston sheet 31 and the spring rod, and when it is needed to reset the liquid adding special pipe, the temperature control liquid can be discharged by opening the liquid discharge valve on the top surface of the powder storage ring 3.

[0090] Example 5

[0091] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that the powder is uniformly mixed by silicon powder and titanium white powder, wherein the ratio of silicon powder to alloy solution is 10g:500mL; the ratio of titanium white powder to alloy solution is 5g:500mL.

[0092] Embodiment 6

[0093] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that the powder is uniformly mixed by silicon powder and titanium white powder, wherein the ratio of silicon powder to alloy solution is 20g:500mL; the ratio of titanium white powder to alloy solution is 40g:500mL.

[0094] Embodiment 7

[0095] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that the temperature of the powder is controlled at 60℃.

[0096] Embodiment 8

[0097] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that the temperature of the powder is controlled at 85℃.

[0098] The relevant performance tests are carried out on the high-strength high-conductivity high-temperature-resistant copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy subjected to the above treatment, and two groups of comparative examples are set, as follows:

[0099] Comparative example 1: basically the same as embodiment 4, except that the titanium white powder in the powder is removed and replaced with an equal amount of silicon powder;

[0100] Comparative example 2: basically the same as embodiment 4, except that the silicon powder in the powder is removed and replaced with an equal amount of titanium white powder;

[0101] The performance test results of each high-strength high-conductivity high-temperature-resistant copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy are shown in Table 2:

[0102] Table 2 Performance test table of high-strength high-conductivity high-temperature-resistant copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy

[0103]

[0104] As can be seen from Table 2, using the method of introducing the alloy solution into the crystallizer through the special liquid adding pipe and slowly adding a certain amount of powder through the special liquid adding pipe during the process can further improve the performance of the prepared high-strength high-conductivity high-temperature-resistant copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy, among which the conductivity is most obviously improved, and at the same time the strength and hardness are also improved compared with embodiment 1;

[0105] Meanwhile, by comparing the performance parameters of Examples 4, 5, 6 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, it can be found that when the composition of the powder is changed, the performance parameters of the high-strength, high-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy prepared by the above method are changed, and the performance parameters of the high-strength, high-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy prepared by the powder of Example 4 are optimal.

[0106] By comparing the performance parameters of Examples 4, 7 and 8, it can be found that when the introduction temperature of the powder in the above method is changed, the performance parameters of the high-strength, high-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy prepared are affected, and the performance parameters of the high-strength, high-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy prepared at the temperature of the powder of Example 4 are optimal.

Claims

1. A method for producing a copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy for the guide rail of an electromagnetic railgun, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1, the copper chromium niobium zirconium alloy comprises Cr: 0.8-1.2%, Nb: 0.10-0.20%, Zr: 0.10-0.20%, Cu: balance, the copper source, the chromium source, the niobium source and the zirconium source are proportioned according to the weight percentage of the element composition, the prepared raw materials are put into a vacuum medium frequency induction furnace for smelting, the smelting temperature is 1400-1600 DEG C, electromagnetic stirring is kept during the smelting process, the refining time is 30-40 min, and an alloy solution is obtained; the alloy solution is degassed and deoxidized, then introduced into a crystallizer for cooling crystallization, and after demolding, a cylindrical copper chromium niobium zirconium alloy ingot is obtained; S2, the cylindrical ingot obtained in step S1 is subjected to homogenization annealing treatment, the homogenization annealing treatment temperature is 850-880 DEG C, the temperature is kept for 1-3 h, and water cooling is carried out, so that the homogenization annealing treated cylindrical ingot is obtained; S3, the homogenization annealing treated cylindrical ingot obtained in step S2 is subjected to hot extrusion, the hot extrusion heating temperature is 910-940 DEG C, the temperature is kept for 20-60 min, the hot extrusion temperature is 890-920 DEG C, the extrusion time is 35-50 s, and the extrusion ratio is 5-8, so that a hot extruded profile is obtained; S4, the hot extruded profile obtained in step S3 is subjected to solid solution treatment, the solid solution treatment temperature is 940-980 DEG C, the temperature is kept for 0.5-1.5 h, and water cooling is carried out, so that a solid solution ingot is obtained; S5, the solid solution ingot obtained in step S4 is subjected to cold drawing / cold forging deformation treatment, the deformation amount of the cold drawing / cold forging deformation treatment is 50-80%, and a semi-finished product is obtained; S6, the semi-finished product obtained in step S5 is subjected to aging treatment, is slowly heated to 400-450 DEG C in an atmosphere protection furnace, is kept for 3-5 h, is cooled to below 100 DEG C in the furnace, and then is air cooled, so that a copper chromium niobium zirconium alloy is obtained; During the process of introducing the alloy solution into the crystallizer after degassing and deoxidation, the alloy solution is introduced into the crystallizer through a special liquid adding pipe, a certain amount of powder is slowly added through the special liquid adding pipe during the process, the powder is uniformly mixed by silicon powder and titanium white powder, wherein the ratio of silicon powder to alloy solution is 10-20 g: 500 mL; the ratio of titanium white powder to alloy solution is 5-40 g: 500 mL; The special liquid adding pipe comprises a pipe body (1), an impeller (2) and a powder storage ring (3); A flared mouth (11) is arranged at the liquid inlet of the pipe body (1), the impeller (2) is arranged in the middle part of the pipe body (1) and is connected with the inner wall of the pipe body (1) through a support (12), and the powder storage ring (3) is sleeved on the upper side wall of the pipe body (1), The shaft of the impeller (2) is rotatably connected with the support (12), and the inner wall of the pipe body (1) is provided with a plurality of sliding rods (13) capable of reciprocating by being extruded by the rotation of the impeller (2), the outer wall of the pipe body (1) is provided with a pump liquid bag (4) corresponding to the sliding rod (13), the sliding rod (13) is in sliding sealing connection with the opening of the pipe body (1), and the outer wall of the pipe body (1) is provided with a frame (5) for resetting the sliding rod (13), one end of the pump liquid bag (4) is connected with the inner wall of the frame (5), the other end is connected with the sliding rod (13), and a stop ring (14) is fixedly sleeved on the sliding rod (13) outside the pipe body (1), the stop ring (14) is connected with the outer wall of the pipe body (1) through a spring, The pump liquid bag (4) is connected with a temperature control box (6) for storing and controlling the temperature of the temperature control liquid, the pump liquid bag (4) is in communication with the temperature control box (6) through a first communication pipe, the powder storage ring (3) is hollow inside and is provided with an annular piston sheet (31) inside, the inner cavity of the powder storage ring (3) on the upper side of the annular piston sheet (31) is in communication with the pump liquid bag (4) through a second communication pipe, and the inner cavity of the powder storage ring (3) on the lower side of the annular piston sheet (31) is provided with a plurality of powder outlet pipes (32) extending into the pipe body (1), The annular piston sheet (31) is composed of an annular copper sheet and a rubber sealing edge for wrapping the edge of the annular copper sheet, and a plurality of telescopic spring rods (33) are connected with the inner bottom surface of the powder storage ring (3) on the lower side of the annular piston sheet (31), and the spring rod (33) is made of copper.

2. A method of producing a copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy for a rail of an electromagnetic railgun according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step S1 adopts a bottom pouring type or a side flat pouring type casting system.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy is prepared by the steps of: melting the copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy in a vacuum induction furnace; and casting the alloy into a mold. The step S3 is selected from any one of forward extrusion, reverse extrusion and hydrostatic extrusion.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy is prepared by the steps of: melting the copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy in a vacuum induction furnace; pouring the molten alloy into a mold; and cooling the alloy to room temperature. After the step S4, the surface treatment of the blank is required, and the surface treatment method includes mechanical turning, grinding and ultrasonic cleaning.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy is prepared by the steps of: melting the copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy in a vacuum induction furnace; pouring the molten alloy into a mold; and cooling the alloy to room temperature. The protective atmosphere of the step S6 is selected from any one of inert gas, hydrogen and nitrogen.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy is prepared by the steps of: melting the copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy in a vacuum induction furnace; pouring the molten alloy into a mold; and cooling the alloy to room temperature. The temperature of the powder is controlled between 60-85℃.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy is prepared by the steps of: melting the copper-chromium-niobium-zirconium alloy in a vacuum induction furnace; pouring the molten alloy into a mold; and cooling the alloy to room temperature. The powder outlet pipe (32) is provided with an S-shaped powder outlet pipe, the inner wall of the pipe body (1) above the powder outlet pipe (32) is provided with a plurality of guide inclined plates (15), the sandwich structure of ceramic-heat insulation cotton-ceramic is used as the material of each component of the liquid adding special pipe, and the spring rod (33) is made of copper.

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