Terminal antenna and electronic equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application discloses a terminal antenna and an electronic device, which relates to the field of antenna technology and can provide better radiation performance while providing a smaller SAR. The specific scheme is: the terminal antenna includes: a first radiator, the first radiator includes N radiating units connected end to end, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. One end of any radiating unit is grounded through a reactance unit. The N radiating units include a first radiating unit, and a feed source is provided at one end of the first radiating unit away from the reactance unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a terminal antenna and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] Antennas in electronic devices can provide wireless communication functions by radiating electromagnetic waves. When electromagnetic waves are absorbed by users in large quantities, they may affect the health of users.

[0003] Therefore, the antennas in electronic devices need to improve radiation performance while reducing the absorption of electromagnetic waves by the human body. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a terminal antenna and an electronic device, which can provide a relatively small SAR and provide a relatively good radiation performance. Since the SAR is relatively low, the absorption of electromagnetic waves by the human body is also relatively low.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the present application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, a terminal antenna is provided, the terminal antenna is arranged in an electronic device, and the terminal antenna comprises: a first radiator, the first radiator comprises N radiating units connected end to end, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. One end of any radiating unit is grounded through a reactance unit. The N radiating units include a first radiating unit, and a feed source is arranged at one end of the first radiating unit away from the reactance unit.

[0007] In this way, the terminal antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application can be obtained by connecting multiple radiation units in series. The more radiation units there are, the better the performance of the antenna. By setting a grounding component on each radiation unit, the current on the radiator is uniformly adjusted when the radiation unit is working, thereby obtaining a relatively uniform current distribution at the feeding end and the return end, thereby stimulating a uniform normal electric field for radiation. Thus, better radiation performance and lower SAR are obtained.

[0008] In a possible design, a reactance unit is provided at one end of any radiating unit, including: for any radiating unit, the reactance unit is provided at one end of the radiating unit away from the feed source. In this way, by providing a grounding component at the end away from the feed source, the radiation condition between the grounding component and the feed source can be adjusted.

[0009] In a possible design, the N radiation units also include a second radiation unit, which is arranged on a side of the first radiation unit close to the feed source, and a reactance unit is arranged at the first end of the second radiation unit. The second radiation unit is connected to the third end of the first radiation unit at the second end, and the second end is different from the first end, and the third end is an end of the first radiation unit where the feed source is arranged. In this way, after the radiators of the second radiation unit and the first radiation unit are connected end to end, the feed source can be located in the middle of the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit, and can be returned to the ground through grounding components at both ends.

[0010] In a possible design, the N radiation units further include a third radiation unit, the third radiation unit is arranged on a side of the first radiation unit away from the feed source, a reactance unit is arranged at the fourth end of the third radiation unit, the third radiation unit is connected to the sixth end of the first radiation unit at the fifth end, the fifth end is different from the fourth end, and the sixth end is an end of the first radiation unit away from the feed source. In this way, after the third radiation unit and the first radiation unit are connected end to end, the feed source can be arranged at one end of the radiator formed by the third radiation unit and the second radiation unit, and the other end can be grounded through a grounding component, and a grounding component can also be arranged on the radiator.

[0011] In a possible design, the length of any radiation unit does not exceed 1 / 4 wavelength of the operating frequency band of the terminal antenna. In this way, the radiation unit can cover the operating frequency band by exciting the zero-order mode. Due to the characteristic that the length is less than or equal to 1 / 4 wavelength, the antenna is more conducive to miniaturization design.

[0012] In a possible design, among the N radiating elements, the farther from the feed source, the smaller the width of the radiating element. In this way, by adjusting the width of the radiating element, the current density of the radiating element far from the feed source is increased, so that it is closer to the current density of the radiating element close to the feed source. As a result, the normal electric field strength generated by the entire antenna tends to be uniform.

[0013] In a possible design, the reactance unit includes any one of the following: a lumped inductor, a distributed inductor, and an electrical connection component. Thus, in different embodiments, the grounding component may have different implementations, such as a lumped inductor, a distributed inductor (such as a serpentine line, etc.), or an equivalent inductor of an electrical connection device (such as a spring, a pin, etc.) to realize the function of the inductor of the grounding arrangement.

[0014] In a possible design, a tuning capacitor is further provided between the reactance unit and the reference ground, so that the frequency selection and frequency tuning functions can be achieved by adjusting the size of the tuning capacitor before returning to the ground.

[0015] In a possible design, the operating frequency band of the terminal antenna includes 5150MHz-5850MHz, and the inductance of the reactance unit is included in the range of [0.5nH, 5nH]. In this way, by adjusting the inductance of the grounding component to within this range, the zero-order mode can cover the operating frequency band of 5G WiFi.

[0016] In a possible design, when the terminal antenna is working, a uniform normal electric field is distributed near the radiator of the terminal antenna. In this way, better radiation performance is provided through uniform electric field radiation; since the electric field is evenly distributed and there is no area with particularly concentrated energy, the SAR is lower; in addition, since the human body absorbs less normal electric field, the SAR is further reduced.

[0017] In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, wherein the electronic device is provided with a terminal antenna as described in the first aspect and any possible design thereof. When the electronic device transmits or receives a signal, the terminal antenna transmits or receives the signal.

[0018] It should be understood that the technical solutions provided in the above-mentioned second aspect and their technical features can all correspond to the terminal antenna provided in the first aspect and its possible designs, so the beneficial effects that can be achieved are similar and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the interaction of multiple electronic devices;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the composition of an antenna;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of radiation from a tablet computer;

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution near a loop antenna;

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the composition of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an antenna configuration provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the composition of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the composition of a radiation unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the composition of a terminal antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of an electric field simulation provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Fig.11 A hotspot distribution schematic diagram provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of efficiency simulation comparison provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the composition of a terminal antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of an electric field simulation provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of the composition of a terminal antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Fig.16 A schematic diagram of the composition of a terminal antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Fig.17 A schematic diagram of the composition of a terminal antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Fig.18 A schematic diagram of an electric field simulation provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Fig.19 A hotspot distribution schematic diagram provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Fig. 20 A schematic diagram of the composition of a terminal antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Fig.21 A hotspot distribution schematic diagram provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Fig. 22 A schematic diagram of the composition of a terminal antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Fig.23 A schematic diagram of a simulation model provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Fig.24 A schematic diagram of the composition of a terminal antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Fig.25 A schematic diagram of the composition of a terminal antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The electronic device realizes wireless communication with other devices through the antenna provided therein. Figure 1 Taking the communication between a tablet computer and other devices as an example, an antenna can be set on the side (such as the long side) of the tablet computer, and the conversion ability between the analog signal of the antenna and the radio electromagnetic wave can be used to realize the transmission and reception of wireless signals, thereby establishing a wireless communication connection with electronic devices such as mobile phones and routers.

[0045] As an example, Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional antenna design. In this example, an antenna setting area may be provided on the side of the tablet computer. An antenna may be provided in the antenna setting area. Figure 2 In the example, a loop antenna may be provided in the antenna setting area to support the wireless communication function of the tablet computer.

[0046] The loop antenna may include a radiator 21 , and two ends of the radiator 21 may be respectively provided with a feed source and a ground point.

[0047] The feed source can be used to couple with the RF module so as to receive the RF signal (analog signal) from the RF module in a transmitting scenario and feed it into the antenna, and transmit the RF signal out in the form of electromagnetic waves through the antenna; or, in a receiving scenario, convert the electromagnetic wave received by the antenna into an analog signal and transmit it to the RF module so that the RF module processes the analog signal to achieve signal reception.

[0048] The grounding point may be a connection point between the radiator and the reference ground. For example, the radiator 21 may be directly connected to the reference ground at the grounding point. For another example, the radiator 21 may be connected to the reference ground at the grounding point through an electronic component such as a capacitor / inductor / resistor.

[0049] It should be understood that reference Figure 3 When the antenna is working, it can radiate the radio frequency signal in the form of electromagnetic waves. Correspondingly, when the user uses the electronic device, the distance to the antenna is relatively close, and the user will be affected by the electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna. In the present application, the specific absorption rate (SAR) of electromagnetic waves can be used to describe the absorption of electromagnetic waves by the human body when the antenna is working, that is, the impact of electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna on the human body. Since the radiation performance of the antenna is different at different operating frequencies, the SAR at different frequencies may also be different. The higher the SAR, the greater the absorption of electromagnetic waves by the human body at that frequency, and the greater the impact of the electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna when it is working on the human body. Conversely, the lower the SAR, the less the absorption of electromagnetic waves by the human body at that frequency, and the less impact of the electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna when it is working on the human body.

[0050] In order to control the impact of the antenna on the user's body when it is working, it is necessary to control the SAR of the antenna within the working frequency band. Operators in most regions also use the SAR of the antenna as an indicator for terminal equipment access.

[0051] The following examples illustrate the SAR characteristics of the antenna when it is working from the perspectives of radiation performance and electrical parameter distribution.

[0052] From the perspective of radiation performance when the antenna is working. Radiation performance can be indicated by efficiency (such as radiation efficiency, system efficiency), etc. Under the same conditions, the better the radiation performance, the higher the efficiency, the greater the intensity of electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna into space, and the higher the SAR. Correspondingly, the worse the radiation performance, the lower the efficiency, the smaller the intensity of electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna into space, and the lower the SAR.

[0053] From the perspective of the distribution of electrical parameters when the antenna is working. Take the electric parameter as the electric field distributed on the radiator as an example. When other conditions are the same, when the antenna is working, the more dispersed the electric field distribution is, the lower the SAR is. Correspondingly, the more concentrated the electric field distribution is, the higher the SAR is. For the correspondence between the distribution of other electrical parameters and SAR, such as the correspondence between current distribution and SAR, and the correspondence between magnetic field distribution and SAR, you can refer to the correspondence between electric field distribution and SAR mentioned above, which will not be repeated here.

[0054] It can be seen that by adjusting the radiation performance and electrical parameter distribution of the antenna, the SAR effect can be adjusted.

[0055] Generally speaking, in order to ensure the quality of wireless communication provided by the antenna, reducing the radiation performance to meet the requirement of low SAR is obviously not a good choice. For antennas with known structures, their electrical parameter distribution is relatively fixed and difficult to adjust.

[0056] For example, Figure 2 Take the loop antenna shown in the figure as an example. Figure 4 The figure shows the electric field distribution diagram of the loop antenna when it is working. For the convenience of explanation, the logic diagram corresponding to the electric field simulation is also given for description. In this example, the loop antenna can work in the half-wavelength mode. Correspondingly, the electric field distribution can be different in the space near the feed source and near the grounding point. For example, in Figure 4 In the example, the energy distribution in the area close to the feed source (such as area 1) is stronger, while the energy distribution in the area close to the ground point (such as area 2) is relatively weak. As a result, most of the radiated electromagnetic wave energy is concentrated in area 1. From the perspective of SAR, the corresponding hotspots are concentrated, which leads to a higher SAR and a greater impact on the human body.

[0057] In order to solve the problem of high SAR of existing antennas, the embodiment of the present application provides a terminal antenna, which works in the zero-order mode. First, the zero-order mode can generate a relatively uniform electric field for radiation during operation, so that the energy distribution of the electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna in various spatial regions around the antenna is relatively balanced, thereby avoiding the concentration of hot spots caused by high local energy, thereby making the antenna have a lower SAR; second, since the uniform electric field distribution characteristics of the zero-order mode are independent of the antenna size, the antenna length can be set to be relatively long without changing the electric field distribution characteristics of the zero-order mode of the antenna, thereby further dispersing the energy and reducing the SAR. In addition, the antenna can also provide better radiation performance, thereby providing better wireless communication quality.

[0058] The solution provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0059] The antenna scheme provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the user's electronic device to support the wireless communication function of the electronic device. For example, the electronic device can be a portable mobile device such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), an augmented reality (AR) device, a virtual reality (VR) device, a media player, etc. The electronic device can also be a wearable electronic device such as a smart watch. The embodiment of the present application does not impose any special restrictions on the specific form of the device.

[0060] As an example, the following electronic device is taken as a tablet computer, that is, the antenna solution provided in the embodiment of the present application is applied to the tablet computer to support the wireless communication function of the tablet computer. Exemplarily, the antenna can be used to support Bluetooth communication, WLAN communication, etc. of the tablet computer. Correspondingly, the working frequency band of the antenna can include one or more frequency bands of Bluetooth frequency band (such as 2.4GHz), 2.4G WIFI frequency band (such as 2.4GHz-2.5GHz), and 5G WIFI frequency band (such as 5150MHz-5850MHz).

[0061] In different implementations, based on different appearance IDs of the tablet computer, the antenna may be set at different locations of the tablet computer.

[0062] For example, a tablet computer has an appearance ID with a full metal back cover, where the full metal back cover may mean that the back cover of the tablet computer is made of metal, and the back cover may extend to the side of the tablet computer, wrapping other components of the tablet computer, presenting a complete metal back cover on the back and sides of the tablet computer.

[0063] Figure 5FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the composition of a tablet computer with a full metal back cover. Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device (i.e., tablet computer) provided in the embodiment of the present application can be provided with a rear shell 51, a circuit board 52, and a display screen 53 in order from bottom to top (i.e., from the back to the front) along the z-axis.

[0064] Among them, the rear shell 51 can have an all-metal structure. The metal materials constituting the all-metal structure may include low-carbon steel, aviation aluminum, high-strength aluminum alloy, stainless steel, and / or titanium alloy, etc. Based on the high-strength characteristics of the all-metal structure, the rear shell 51 can be used as the appearance surface of the back to provide basic support for the tablet computer. In some embodiments, the rear shell 51 may be provided with openings to cooperate with other components to achieve corresponding functions. Exemplarily, when a rear camera is provided in the tablet computer, a hole may be opened on the rear shell 51 at a position corresponding to the rear camera so that the shooting components corresponding to the rear camera (such as the image acquisition part of the camera, etc.) can extend outward through the opening to achieve the shooting function. In this example, the rear shell 51 can also extend from the xoy surface through the corner to the side (such as the xoz surface and / or the yoz surface), thereby achieving the effect of full metal wrapping. Of course, in other embodiments, the rear shell 51 can also be composed of metal and non-metal materials.

[0065] In this example, a window structure is provided on the side of the rear housing 51 to provide corresponding space for the arrangement of some components of the tablet computer. For example, components such as an antenna may be arranged in the window structure.

[0066] It should be noted that, due to the all-metal structure of the rear shell 51, the rear shell 51 can provide a large area of ​​zero potential reference. Therefore, the rear shell 51 can also be used as a reference ground for other electronic components (such as antennas, radio frequency components or other electronic components).

[0067] Continue to combine Figure 5 , the tablet computer in the present application may also be provided with internal components such as a circuit board 52. The circuit board 52 may be made of a printed circuit board (PCB) and / or a flexible circuit board (FPC). In different implementations, the circuit board 52 may include one or more. The circuit board 52 may serve as a bearing structure for various electronic components. By providing signal transmission lines between various electronic components on the circuit board 52, the interconnection of various electronic components is achieved to ensure the operation of the electronic components. The circuit board 52 may also be electrically connected to other reference grounds and used as a reference ground for the antenna. The antenna ground may be connected to the circuit board 52.

[0068] Exemplarily, a processor may be provided on the circuit board 52. The processor may include one or more processing units, for example, the processor may include an application processor (application processor, AP), a modem processor, a graphics processor (graphics processing unit, GPU), an image signal processor (image signal processor, ISP), a controller, a video codec, a digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), a baseband processor, and / or a neural-network processing unit (neural-network processing unit, NPU), etc. Among them, different processing units may be independent devices or integrated in one or more processors. The processor may generate an operation control signal according to the instruction opcode and the timing signal to complete the control of fetching and executing instructions. A memory may also be provided in the processor for storing instructions and data. In some embodiments, the memory in the processor may be a high-speed cache memory. The memory may store instructions or data that have been used by the processor or are used more frequently. If the processor needs to use the instruction or data, it may be directly called from the memory. Repeated access is avoided, the waiting time of the processor is reduced, and the efficiency of the system is improved. In some embodiments, the processor may be a microprocessor (Microprocessor Unit, MPU) or a microcontroller unit (Microcontroller Unit, MCU).

[0069] Communication modules such as a radio frequency module may also be provided on the circuit board 52. The radio frequency module is connected to the baseband processor via a baseband line, and the radio frequency module may also be connected to an antenna, thereby realizing a wireless communication function. Exemplarily, when transmitting a signal, the baseband processor sends a digital signal to the radio frequency module via a baseband line, and the radio frequency module converts and processes the digital signal to obtain a corresponding analog signal. The radio frequency module transmits the analog signal to the antenna via a feed source, so that the antenna converts the analog signal into an electromagnetic wave and radiates it outward. When receiving a signal, the antenna converts the electromagnetic wave into an analog signal carrying information, and transmits it to the radio frequency module via a feed source. The radio frequency module processes the analog signal in the radio frequency domain and transmits it to the baseband processor. The baseband processor parses the signal to obtain the information carried in the received signal.

[0070] Continue to combine Figure 5, the tablet computer in the present application may also be provided with a display screen 53. The display screen 53 may be used to provide a display function to the user. In some implementations, the display screen 53 may be mounted on the side portion of the rear shell 51 to obtain the overall appearance of the tablet computer. Exemplarily, the display screen 53 includes an appearance glass and a display component (or a display panel). The display panel may be a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode or an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED), a flexible light-emitting diode (FLED), Miniled, MicroLed, Micro-oLed, a quantum dot light emitting diode (QLED), etc. In some embodiments, the tablet computer may include one or more display screens 53.

[0071] In the present application, an antenna may be further provided between the circuit board 52 and the rear shell 51. In different implementations, the specific implementation of the antenna may be different. For example, the radiator of the antenna may be provided on the circuit board 52 to implement a PCB antenna. As another example, the antenna may be implemented by mounting it on an antenna bracket in the form of an FPC. As another example, the antenna may be implemented by etching the antenna radiator on the antenna bracket through a laser direct structuring (LDS) process. In addition, in other embodiments, the antenna may be implemented by a die-casting process based on anodizing (Metalframe Diecasting for Anodicoxidation, MDA), stamping (Stamping) and other processes. Alternatively, the antenna solution may be obtained by combining at least two of the above-mentioned implementation methods. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific implementation form of the antenna.

[0072] Combination Figure 6 As shown, in the present application, in order to meet the antenna installation requirements, the rear shell 51 can be provided with a window structure on the side, so as to provide a side radiation space for the antenna in the window structure. In this way, when the radiator of the antenna is arranged in the window structure, it can radiate through the non-display area on the front side and radiate to the side through the window structure, thereby improving the radiation performance of the antenna.

[0073] It should be understood that in other embodiments, the antenna may also be arranged at a position different from that in the embodiment shown in FIG. Figure 5 or Figure 6 For example, if the rear shell 51 is made of non-metallic material, the antenna can also be mounted at any position inside the rear shell 51. The specific location of the antenna does not affect the composition and working mechanism of the antenna. In the following example, the rear shell 51 is a full metal rear shell, and the antenna is set in the window structure as an example.

[0074] like Figure 6 As shown, in the antenna solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the antenna may be composed of N radiating units (such as radiating unit 1-radiating unit N), where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. In different implementations, the number of radiating units may be different. The N radiating units are arranged in series end to end to obtain the antenna solution provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0075] It should be noted that, in different implementations, the N radiating elements constituting the antenna may be the same or may not be completely the same.

[0076] Exemplarily, for any radiation unit, the radiation unit may include a radiator. The electrical length of the radiator may not be greater than 1 / 4 of the antenna operating wavelength. The electrical length of the radiator can be obtained by converting electrical parameters such as the dielectric constant of the material used for the radiator. Taking the working frequency band of the antenna as 5G WIFI (i.e., 5150MHz-5850MHz) as an example, the radiator length of the radiation unit may not exceed 8mm. For the sake of convenience, the electrical length of the radiator is referred to as the length of the radiator.

[0077] It should be noted that in some implementations of the present application, the length of the radiator of the radiating unit may also be greater than 1 / 4 of the antenna operating wavelength. In this way, a matching circuit may be provided at the feed source to adjust the resonance generated by the radiating unit to within the range of the operating frequency band.

[0078] An electrical connection point may be provided at each of the two ends of the radiator of the radiating unit, and the electrical connection point may be provided with a feed source or grounded through an inductor.

[0079] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. In this example, the antenna may include multiple radiating units. For example, the left side of the feed source may include M1 radiating units, and the right side of the feed source may include M2 ​​radiating units. The sum of M1 and M2 is equal to N, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. Then, when M1 is equal to M2, the corresponding feed source is set in the middle of the antenna radiator, which is a center feed solution. When M1 is not equal to M2, it corresponds to a bias feed solution. In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the width of the radiation unit can decrease gradually as the distance from the feed source increases.

[0080] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the connection between the feed source and the antenna radiator may be a direct connection or may be coupled through one or more port matching components. The port matching components may include capacitors, inductors and / or resistors. The setting of the one or more port matching components may be used to adjust the port impedance of the antenna and / or to tune the operating frequency of the antenna.

[0081] Similar to setting a port matching component at the feed source, in some embodiments of the present application, Figure 7 One or more ground matching components may also be provided between any one or more of the ground inductors shown and the radiator, or between the ground inductors and the reference ground. The ground matching components may include capacitors, inductors and / or resistors. Taking the ground matching component as a capacitor as an example, the setting of the one or more capacitors can be used to adjust the frequency selection state when the antenna is working. For example, when a SAR sensor is provided near the antenna, by providing the one or more capacitors, the influence of the operation of the SAR sensor on the operation of the antenna can be reduced or eliminated. In other embodiments, the one or more capacitors can also be used to tune the operating frequency band of the antenna.

[0082] The use and functions of the port matching components and the ground matching components can be applied to any solution implementation provided in the embodiments of the present application. For ease of explanation, the following example takes the feed source directly connected to the radiator, and the radiator directly connected to the reference ground through the ground inductor at the ground inductor as an example.

[0083] From the perspective of the structural composition of a single radiation unit, the composition of the radiation unit may be different in different embodiments.

[0084] As an example, see Figure 8 In some embodiments, Figure 8 As shown in 801 , a feed source may be provided at the left end of the radiator of the radiating unit, and a right end of the radiator of the radiating unit may be grounded via an inductor L1 .

[0085] In other embodiments, Figure 8 As shown in 802, the left end of the radiator of the radiating unit can be grounded through the inductor L2, and the right end of the radiator of the radiating unit can be provided with a feed source.

[0086] In other embodiments, Figure 8 As shown in 803, the left end of the radiator of the radiating unit can be grounded through the inductor L3, and the right end of the radiator of the radiating unit can be grounded through the inductor L4.

[0087] Among them, the inductance values ​​of L1, L2, L3 and L4 can be different, or they can include at least two inductors with the same inductance value. The inductance values ​​of L1, L2, L3 and L4 can be flexibly selected according to the working frequency band of the antenna. For example, taking the working frequency band of the antenna as 5G WIFI (i.e., 5150MHz-5850MHz), the inductance values ​​of L1, L2, L3 and L4 can be included in the range of 0.5nH-5nH.

[0088] In this application, Figure 7 The antenna solution provided in the embodiment of the present application is as follows Figure 8 At least two or more radiating elements are shown to be connected in series and have only one feed source.

[0089] It should be noted that Figure 7 The antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided with a feed source and at least two grounding points connected to the reference ground through inductance. In this way, the boundary conditions of multiple inductors can make the antenna work in the zero-order mode, at which time the antenna can be equivalent to a material with a dielectric constant tending to zero, and when the antenna is working, a relatively uniform electric field distribution can be generated in the surrounding space. In this example, when each radiating unit is working, the electric field formed in the space near it is mainly a normal electric field. The radiation based on the uniformly distributed normal electric field can minimize the absorption of electromagnetic waves by the human body, thereby ensuring a high radiation performance while having a lower SAR. In addition, the zero-order mode has no direct relationship with the length of the antenna, so more radiating units can be connected in series without changing the uniform electric field distribution characteristics of the zero-order mode of the antenna. The more radiating units there are, the more dispersed the energy is, so increasing the number of antenna units can further reduce the SAR.

[0090] It is understandable that when the antenna is radiating, the electric field / magnetic field absorption conversion between the antenna and the human body can be determined according to the electromagnetic field boundary conditions. Exemplarily, the conversion of the electric field and the magnetic field is identified from the normal component and the tangential component respectively. The normal component can be the component of the electric field line that is directed from the antenna to the human body, or the component that is directed from the human body to the antenna. The tangential component is perpendicular to the normal component.

[0091] The conversion relationship between the normal and tangential components of the electric field and magnetic field is shown in the following formulas 1 to 4:

[0092] E n2 =(ε1 / ε2)E n1 ...Formula (1);

[0093] H n2 =(μ1 / μ2)H n1 ...Formula (2);

[0094] E t2 =Et1 ...Formula (3);

[0095] H t2 =H t1 ...Formula (4).

[0096] Formula (1) corresponds to the normal component E of the electric field of the antenna n1 The normal component E of the electric field generated in the human body n2 ε1 is the dielectric constant of the dielectric material or air around the antenna, and ε2 is the dielectric constant of the human body.

[0097] Formula (2) corresponds to the normal component H of the antenna's magnetic field n1 The normal component H of the magnetic field generated in the human body n2 μ1 is the magnetic permeability of the dielectric material or air around the antenna, and μ2 is the magnetic permeability of the human body.

[0098] Formula (3) corresponds to the tangential component E of the electric field of the antenna t1 The tangential component E of the electric field generated in the human body t2 conversion relationship.

[0099] Formula (4) corresponds to the tangential component H of the electric field of the antenna t1 The tangential component H of the magnetic field generated in the human body t2 conversion relationship.

[0100] The dielectric constant of the human body is much larger than that of the dielectric material around the common antenna (such as plastic bracket). For example, the relative dielectric constant of the human body is about 40, the dielectric constant of the plastic bracket is about 3, and the relative magnetic permeability of both is 1. Therefore, based on formula (1), when the electromagnetic wave between the antenna and the human body is mainly manifested as a normal electric field, the electric field generated in the human body can be much smaller than the antenna radiation. Then, the human body absorbs the electromagnetic wave to the minimum and the SAR is the lowest.

[0101] When the electromagnetic waves between the antenna and the human body are mainly manifested as normal electric fields, the more balanced the energy distribution (i.e., uniform electric field) is, the less local hotspot concentration will occur, and thus the SAR will be lower.

[0102] Based on the above description, due to the zero-order mode antenna solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, a nearly uniformly distributed normal electric field can be generated between the antenna and the human body, and the electric field distribution characteristics of the zero-order mode are independent of the antenna length. Multiple radiation units can be connected in series to further disperse the energy, and therefore have a lower SAR.

[0103] The specific implementation of the antenna solution provided in the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below by taking examples.

[0104] Exemplarily, in some embodiments, the terminal antenna provided in the embodiments of the present application may include two radiating units. The two radiating units may be the same or different. Any radiating unit may have the following features: Figure 8 The composition of any of the radiating elements shown.

[0105] Please refer to Fig. 9 , is a schematic diagram of the composition of a terminal antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 9 Also provided is a simulation model diagram of the antenna solution.

[0106] like Fig. 9 As described above, the antenna 910 may include two radiating units, namely, a radiating unit 911 and a radiating unit 912. In this example, the radiating unit 911 may have the following Figure 8 802 shown in FIG. 8, the radiation unit 912 may have a Figure 8 The radiators of the radiating units 911 and 912 can be connected to each other at the end where the feed source is set. Fig. 9 The radiator of the antenna 910 shown in the figure may be provided with a feed source and ground inductors (such as L 913 and L 914 ), L 913 and L 914 You can also refer to the settings of Figure 8 The schematic diagram of L1-L4 will not be repeated here.

[0107] In some embodiments, the Fig. 9 The antenna 910 shown can also be described as follows: The antenna 910 can include a radiator, the length of which does not exceed 1 / 2 of the working wavelength. Ground inductors are respectively provided at two ends of the radiator. The two ground inductors (such as L 913 and L 914 ) can be determined according to the working frequency band. For example, taking the working frequency band covering the 5G WIFI band as an example, the two ground inductors L 913 and L 914 The inductance value can be set in the range of 0.5nH-5nH. In different embodiments, L 913 and L 914 The inductance values ​​may be the same or different. A feed source may also be provided on the antenna 910. The distance from the feed source to any end does not exceed 1 / 4 of the working wavelength. Exemplarily, when the length of the radiation unit 911 is the same as the length of the radiation unit 912, the feed source may be provided in the middle of the radiator of the antenna 910.

[0108] like Fig. 9The antenna 910 shown can form a uniformly distributed electric field between the radiator of the antenna 910 and the reference ground for radiation when working. The uniformly distributed electric field can be a normal electric field between the antenna and the human body. In this way, based on the characteristic that the human body absorbs the normal electric field less and the effect of uniformly distributed energy distribution without concentration, the antenna 910 can obtain a lower SAR when working.

[0109] For example, Fig.10 Shows Fig. 9 The electric field simulation diagram of the antenna 910 when it is working is shown. The darker the arrow, the greater the electric field strength. Fig.10 It also gives Figure 2 The electric field simulation diagram of the loop antenna in operation is shown in the figure. Fig.10 As shown in the figure, 1001 is the distribution of the electric field around the loop antenna when it is working. It can be seen that there is a strong electric field in the middle of the loop antenna setting area. Correspondingly, the electric field is weak at both ends of the loop antenna setting area. In other words, the electric field distribution of the loop antenna is not uniform when it is working. Fig.10 1002 in the figure is a schematic diagram of the electric field simulation when the antenna 910 in the present application is working. It can be seen that when the antenna 910 is working, the electric field strength in its antenna setting area (such as the antenna 910 setting area shown in 1002) is evenly distributed.

[0110] Based on the foregoing description, an electric field with uniform distribution characteristics may have a lower SAR.

[0111] like Fig.11 As shown, Fig. 9 SAR test hot spot diagram of antenna 910 shown in FIG. Fig.11 It also gives Figure 2 The SAR test hot spot diagram of the loop antenna is shown. The lighter the color, the stronger the energy. Fig.11 1101 in the figure is a hot spot diagram of the SAR test of the loop antenna. It can be seen that when the loop antenna is working, there is a hot spot near the antenna. In other words, most of the energy is concentrated in the hot spot area, and the SAR is high. Fig.11 1102 in FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the SAR test hotspot of antenna 910. It can be seen that when the antenna 910 is working, there are two hotspots distributed near the antenna. In other words, energy can be gathered at two hotspots respectively. Therefore, the energy intensity at each hotspot is less than the energy distribution at the hotspot of the loop antenna. Then, since the antenna 910 has more hotspots and the energy distribution is relatively more uniform, it can have a lower SAR than the loop antenna.

[0112] As an example, the following Table 1 shows the simulation results of the SAR of the loop antenna and the antenna 910 normalized by omnidirectional radiation power. Taking the 0mm body SAR simulation scenario and the working frequency band of 5G WIFI as an example, the unit is W / kg.

[0113] Table 1

[0114] Frequency / GHz Loop Antenna-SAR-1g Antenna 910-SAR-1g 5.2 2.22 1.22 5.5 1.61 1.33 5.8 2.9 1.68

[0115] As shown in Table 1, at 5.2 GHz, the 1g SAR simulation result of the Loop antenna is 2.22, and the 1g SAR simulation result of the antenna 910 provided in this application is 1.22. At 5.5 GHz, the 1g SAR simulation result of the Loop antenna is 1.61, and the 1g SAR simulation result of the antenna 910 provided in this application is 1.33. At 5.8 GHz, the 1g SAR simulation result of the Loop antenna is 2.9, and the 1g SAR simulation result of the antenna 910 provided in this application is 1.68. It can be seen that in the full frequency band of 5G WiFi, the SAR of the antenna 910 is significantly lower than that of the Loop antenna.

[0116] It should be understood that in the comparison of this example, in order to avoid inaccurate comparison results caused by inconsistent radiator lengths, in the application, the radiator length of the loop antenna and the radiator length of antenna 910 are set to be the same, such as 16 mm. The antenna width is set to be the same, such as 2 mm. Then, the loop antenna can cover the operating frequency band through the 1 / 2 wavelength mode. Antenna 910 can cover the operating frequency band by exciting the zero-order mode of radiation by uniform electric field. It should be noted that the electric field distribution characteristics of the zero-order mode excited by the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application can be jointly determined by the radiator length of any radiating unit and the size of the ground inductance set on the radiating unit. The more radiating units included in the antenna, the stronger the radiation performance, but the uniform electric field distribution characteristics of the excited zero-order mode will not change.

[0117] The antenna 910 provided in the embodiment of the present application can not only provide a lower SAR in the full frequency band, but also ensure good radiation performance. As an example, Fig.12 The efficiency simulation results of the antenna 910 are shown.

[0118] like Fig.12As shown in the figure, from the perspective of radiation efficiency, antenna 910 is higher than the loop antenna in all frequency bands. In other words, antenna 910 can provide better radiation performance when the ports in the full frequency band are fully matched. From the perspective of system efficiency, the peak efficiency of antenna 910 is about 0.2dB higher than that of the loop antenna, and its bandwidth is much larger than that of the loop antenna. Its efficiency in the full frequency band of 5G WiFi is above -1.5dB, which is more excellent, while the loop antenna is only above -4dB. Therefore, Fig. 9 The antenna 910 shown can not only provide lower SAR, but also provide better radiation performance.

[0119] Please refer to Fig.13 , is a schematic diagram of another terminal antenna composition provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.12 Also provided is a simulation model diagram of the antenna solution.

[0120] like Fig.13 As described above, the antenna 1310 may include two radiating units, namely, a radiating unit 1311 and a radiating unit 1312. In this example, the radiating unit 1311 may have the following Figure 8 The composition of 801 shown in FIG. 8, the radiation unit 1312 may have the following Figure 8 The composition of 803 shown in FIG. Radiating element 1311 is provided with a ground inductor L 1313 One end of the two radiating elements can be connected to any end of the radiating element 1312. At one end where the two radiating elements are connected to each other, the two grounding inductors can be simplified into one grounding inductor (such as inductor L 1313 ). The end of the radiation unit 1312 away from the radiation unit 1311 can be connected by an inductor L 1314 Ground. Inductor L 1313 And the inductor L 1314 You can also refer to the settings of Figure 8 The schematic diagram of L1-L4 will not be repeated here.

[0121] In some embodiments, the Fig.13 The antenna 1310 shown can also be described as follows: The antenna 1310 can include a radiator, the length of which does not exceed 1 / 2 of the working wavelength. A feed source is provided at one end of the radiator, and a ground inductor L is provided at the other end of the radiator. 1314 Another grounding inductor L can also be provided on the radiator. 1313 For example, taking the working frequency band covering the 5G WIFI frequency band as an example, the inductance values ​​of the two ground inductors can be set within the range of 0.5nH-5nH. In different implementations, the inductance values ​​of the two ground inductors can be the same or different. The ground inductor L set on the radiator 1313The distance to any end of the antenna 1310 does not exceed 1 / 4 of the working wavelength. Exemplarily, when the length of the radiation unit 1311 is the same as the length of the radiation unit 1312, the ground inductance L is set on the radiator different from the end. 1313 It can be located in the middle of the radiator of antenna 1310. Fig. 9 In the illustrated embodiment, the antenna 1310 may feature an offset feed arrangement.

[0122] like Fig.13 The antenna 1310 shown in the figure can form a uniformly distributed electric field between the radiator of the antenna 1310 and the reference ground for radiation when working. The uniformly distributed electric field can be a normal electric field between the antenna and the human body. Fig. 9 In the scheme shown, a uniform normal electric field can be distributed between the entire antenna 910 and the reference ground. In this example, the radiation unit 1311 and the radiation unit 1312 can radiate based on the uniform normal electric field. Since the distances between the radiator of the radiation unit 1311 and the radiator of the radiation unit 1312 and the feed source are different, the strengths of the normal electric fields generated by the radiation unit 1311 and the radiation unit 1312 can be slightly different. For example, the normal electric field strength near the radiation unit 1312 can be slightly smaller than the normal electric field strength near the radiation unit 1311.

[0123] In this way, based on the characteristic that the human body absorbs the normal electric field less and the effect of uniformly distributed energy without concentration, the antenna 1310 can obtain a lower SAR when working.

[0124] For example, Fig.14 Shows Fig.13 The electric field simulation diagram of the antenna 1310 when it is working is shown in FIG. The darker the arrow, the greater the electric field strength. Fig.14 As shown, when the antenna 1310 is working, its antenna setting area (such as Fig.14 The electric field strength in the area where the antenna 1310 is set is uniformly distributed. Based on the above description, an electric field with uniform distribution characteristics can have a lower SAR. The principle and conclusion are similar to those of the antenna 910.

[0125] In addition, the above Fig.13 In the simulation example, Fig. 9 The corresponding simulation parameters are set similarly. In order to avoid inaccurate comparison results caused by inconsistent radiator sizes, Fig.13During the simulation process, the radiator length of the loop antenna and the radiator length of antenna 1310 are set to be the same, such as 16 mm. The antenna width is set to be the same, such as 2 mm. Then, the loop antenna can cover the working frequency band through the 1 / 2 wavelength mode. Antenna 1310 can cover the working frequency band by exciting the zero-order mode of radiation of the uniform electric field. It should be noted that the electric field distribution characteristics of the zero-order mode excited by the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application can be jointly determined by the radiator length of any radiating unit and the size of the ground inductance set on the radiating unit. The more radiating units included in the antenna, the stronger the radiation performance, but the uniform electric field distribution characteristics of the excited zero-order mode will not change.

[0126] It should be noted that in Fig.13 In the solution of antenna 1310 shown, due to the structural setting of the offset feed, the electric field strength generated by the two radiating units is different. Then, from the perspective of the overall electric field distribution, the energy will be concentrated near the radiating unit with a larger electric field strength, for example, the energy will be concentrated near the radiating unit 1311 where the feed source is set. In this way, although the energy peak near the radiating unit 1311 is weakened compared to the loop antenna, there is still a relatively obvious energy concentration area.

[0127] In other embodiments of the present application, the radiator size of the radiating units at different distances from the feed source can be flexibly adjusted so that the current can have a current distribution density similar to that on the radiating unit close to the feed source on the radiating unit far away from the feed source, thereby enabling the radiating unit far away from the feed source to also generate a uniform normal electric field with a similar strength to that of the radiating unit close to the feed source. Thus, the electric field intensity distribution near the antenna is further uniformly adjusted, further reducing the SAR of the antenna.

[0128] As an example, let's continue to take the example that the antenna includes two radiation units.

[0129] Please refer to Fig.15 , is a schematic diagram of the composition of another terminal antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0130] In this example, antenna 1510 may include two radiating units, namely radiating unit 1511 and radiating unit 1512. Fig.13 The composition of the antenna 1310 shown in FIG. 1 , the radiation unit 1511 in the antenna 1510 may have a Figure 8 The composition of 801 shown in FIG. 8, the radiation unit 1512 may have a Figure 8 For example, in this example, one end of the radiation unit 1511 may be provided with a feed source, and the other end of the radiation unit 1511 may be provided with a ground inductor L 1513One end of the radiation unit 1512 can be connected to the radiation unit 1511 to set the ground inductance L 1513 The other end of the radiation unit 1512 may be provided with a ground inductor L 1514 Among them, the inductor L 1513 It can correspond to the inductance L in the antenna 1310 1313 , inductance L 1514 It can correspond to the inductance L in the antenna 1310 1314 . Unlike the antenna 1310, the radiation unit 1511 and the radiation unit 1512 can have different size settings. For example, the width of the radiation unit 1511 can be greater than the width of the radiation unit 1512. In this way, when the current flows into the radiation unit 1512, although the current intensity is less than the current intensity on the radiation unit 1511, due to the reduction in the current transmission aperture, the current density on the radiation unit 1512 will not change significantly. In this way, the intensity of the uniform normal electric field generated by the current on the radiation unit 1512 is close to the intensity of the uniform normal electric field generated by the current on the radiation unit 1511. Therefore, from the perspective of the antenna 1510 as a whole, the electric field distribution between the antenna radiator and the reference ground is more uniform than that of the antenna 1310, so the SAR is lower.

[0131] Combination Fig.16 , which are specific implementations of several antennas 1510 provided in the embodiments of the present application. Among them, for comparison, Fig.16 The 1610 in can correspond to Fig.13 The composition of the antenna 1310 is shown. The radiator width h1 = h2 = 2 mm, and the ground inductance set at the end of the antenna radiator is L 1601 , the ground inductance set between the end of the radiator and the feed source is L 1602 For example. In different implementations, L 1601 With L 1602 The inductance values ​​can be the same or different. Taking the working frequency band of 5G WiFi as an example, L 1601 With L 1602 The inductance values ​​can be included in the range of 0.5nH-5nH.

[0132] Fig.16In 1620, based on 1610, the width of the radiating unit close to the feed source is widened, for example, h3 can be set to 3mm, and the width of the radiating unit far from the feed source remains unchanged, for example, h4=2mm. In this way, in the antenna having the composition shown in 1620, the radiating unit close to the feed source receives a larger current from the feed source, and the current caliber is larger; the radiating unit far from the feed source receives a relatively small current, but the current caliber is smaller. Overall, the current density on the radiating unit close to the feed source is not much different from the current density on the radiating unit far from the feed source. In this way, compared with the antenna composition shown in 1610, the electric field strength near the radiating unit close to the feed source can be further reduced, thereby further reducing the SAR value. In addition, since the current distribution near the radiator is more uniform, its radiation performance is also better.

[0133] Fig.16 In 1630, based on 1620, the width of the radiation unit far from the feed source is reduced, for example, h6 can be set to 1mm, and the width of the radiation unit close to the feed source remains unchanged, for example, h5 = 3mm. In this way, the current density on the radiation unit close to the feed source and the radiation unit far from the feed source is closer, and a lower SAR and better radiation performance can be obtained based on 1620.

[0134] As an example, the following Table 2 gives the Fig.16 The structural compositions shown in 1610, 1620 and 1630 are simulation results of SAR in the 5G WiFi band normalized by omnidirectional radiated power in the SAR simulation scenario of 0mm 1g, and the unit is W / kg.

[0135] Table 2

[0136] Frequency / GHz Antenna 1610-SAR Antenna 1620-SAR Antenna 1630-SAR 5.2 2.36 1.98 2.03 5.5 2.64 2.31 1.62 5.8 3.36 3.01 2.32

[0137] It can be seen that based on the simulation results in Table 2, corresponding to the above analysis, the antenna with the structure shown in 1630 has the best SAR, the antenna with the structure shown in 1620 is second, and the antenna with the structure shown in 1610 is relatively high.

[0138] Above Figure 9-Figure 16 In the above description, the antenna includes two radiating units. Fig. 9 Structure shown) or feed bias (such as Fig.13 or Fig.15 The structure shown in the figure can form a uniformly distributed normal electric field between the antenna radiator and the reference ground, thereby obtaining better radiation performance while obtaining a lower SAR.

[0139] Since the uniformly distributed electric field characteristics of the zero-order mode are independent of the antenna length, multiple radiating elements can be connected in series to further disperse the energy, thereby further reducing the SAR. The following will provide an exemplary description of an antenna solution including more radiating elements in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0140] Please refer to Fig.17 , is a schematic diagram of the composition of another terminal antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0141] In this example, antenna 1710 may include four radiating elements. The selection and composition of the radiating elements may refer to the selection of two radiating elements in the above example. For example, any one of the four radiating elements may be used as follows: Figure 8 Any of the examples shown. From the overall perspective of the antenna, Fig.17 In the composition of the antenna 1710, the radiator lengths of the radiating units are taken as an example. The antenna 1710 may be provided with a feed source. The feed source may be provided in the middle of the radiator. Two grounding inductors may be evenly provided on both sides of the feed source, such as L from left to right. 1711 , L 1712 , L 1713 and L 1714 The feed source can be set at L 1713 and L 1712 For a clearer explanation, Fig.17 The simulation model of the antenna 1710 is also given. Similar to the above description of the ground inductance, in different implementations, L 1711 , L 1712 , L 1713 and L 1714 The inductance values ​​can be the same or different. Taking the working frequency band of 5G WiFi as an example, L 1711 , L 1712 , L 1713 and L 1714 The inductance values ​​can be included in the range of 0.5nH-5nH.

[0142] Combination Fig. 9 For example, Fig.17 The antenna 1710 shown can be obtained by respectively setting a radiation unit on both sides of the antenna 910. The newly added radiation unit can have the following features: Figure 8 The structure shown in 803 is composed of. Exemplarily, Fig.17 Taking the antenna 1710 shown as having a length of 32 mm as an example, a simulation is performed on it so as to illustrate the working condition of the antenna in combination with the simulation results.

[0143] like Fig.18As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution when the antenna 1710 is working. It can be seen that when the antenna 1710 is working, although the length is doubled compared with the antenna 910, the antenna 1710 still maintains the zero-order mode, and the electric field distribution characteristics remain unchanged. Fig.18 The antenna 1710 shown in the figure is arranged in an area) with a uniform normal electric field. Therefore, the antenna 1710 can also have a lower SAR and better radiation performance. In addition, compared with the antenna 910, the size of the antenna 1710 is larger, so the field strength of the uniformly distributed normal electric field is also lower. Therefore, the antenna 1710 can have a lower SAR than the antenna 910. By analogy, in different implementations of the embodiments of the present application, when the length of the radiation unit is the same, the more the number of radiation units constituting the antenna, the lower the SAR.

[0144] Fig.19 The SAR simulation hot spots of antenna 1710 are shown. Fig.11 The hotspot distribution of the antenna 910 shown in FIG. 1 is schematic, and the antenna 1710 may also have two hotspots distributed on both sides of the feed source. In this example, the hotspot distribution area on both sides of the antenna 1710 is larger, so the energy distribution is more dispersed, and the SAR is relatively low. As an example, the following Table 3 shows the simulation results of the SAR of the antenna 1710 normalized using the isotropic radiated power, in units of W / kg.

[0145] Table 3

[0146] Frequency / GHz Antenna 1710-SAR-1g 5.2 0.68 5.5 0.84 5.8 1.29

[0147] As shown in Table 3, the maximum SAR of the antenna 1710 is 1.29, compared to the maximum SAR of the antenna 910 in Table 1 of 1.68 and the maximum SAR of the antenna 1630 in Table 2 of 2.32. The antenna 1710 including four radiation elements can provide a lower SAR.

[0148] Combination Figure 15-16 As shown in the figure, by adjusting the width of the radiating element close to / far away from the feed source, the current density on different radiating elements can be adjusted to obtain better performance.

[0149] Exemplary, combined Fig.17 The antenna 1710 shown, based on the antenna 1710, can reduce the width of the radiating units on both sides away from the feed source, thereby increasing the current density of the radiating units away from the feed source, thereby making the normal electric field distribution near the antenna more uniform.

[0150] As an example, Fig. 20 A schematic diagram of another terminal antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 20As shown, the antenna 2010 may include a radiator, and ground inductors may be provided at both ends of the radiator. In this example, the lengths of the four radiating units are the same. A total of four ground inductors may be provided on the antenna 2010, such as L from left to right. 2011 , L 2012 , L 2013 and L 2014 The feed source can be set at L 2013 and L 2012 For a clearer explanation, Fig. 20 The simulation model of the antenna 2010 is also given. Similar to the above description of the ground inductance, in different implementations, L 2011 , L 2012 , L 2013 and L 2014 The inductance values ​​can be the same or different. Taking the working frequency band of 5G WiFi as an example, L 2011 , L 2012 , L 2013 and L 2014 The inductance value can be included in the range of 0.5nH-5nH. Fig. 20 As shown in this example, the farther away from the feed source, the narrower the width of the radiating element. 2011 and L 2012 The width of the radiation unit between can be less than, L 2012 and the width of the radiation unit between the feed source. 2013 and L 2014 The width of the radiation unit between can be less than, L 2013 and the width of the radiating element between the feed source.

[0151] For example, the width of the narrower radiation units at both ends of the antenna 2010 is 1 mm, and the width of the two radiation units close to the feed source is 2 mm. Fig.21 FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the hotspot distribution of the antenna 2010. It can be seen that the antenna 2010 can also include two hotspots. Fig.19 The hotspot distribution of the antenna 1710 shown in the figure has two hotspots whose distribution areas are more dispersed and the locations of the hotspots are farther away from the location of the feed source, so the SAR is lower.

[0152] As an example, the following Table 4 shows the simulation results of the SAR of the antenna 2010 normalized by isotropic radiation power, in units of W / kg.

[0153] Table 4

[0154] Frequency / GHz Antenna 2010-SAR-1g 5.2 0.94 5.5 0.96 5.8 1.06

[0155] Compared with Table 3, Table 4 shows that the maximum SAR is further reduced from 1.29 of antenna 1710 to 1.06 of antenna 2010 . It can be seen that antenna 2010 can provide a lower SAR than antenna 1710 .

[0156] It should be understood that in the above example, when the feed source is placed in the center, the number of radiation units on both sides can be the same. In other embodiments of the present application, when the feed source is placed in the center, the number of radiation units on both sides can also be different. In addition, when two or more radiation units are provided on one side of the feed source, the width of the radiation unit can decrease as the distance from the feed source increases, thereby making the current density more evenly distributed on the radiation unit and obtaining better performance.

[0157] In addition, in the above examples, at least one end of the radiation unit is grounded through a ground inductor. In other embodiments of the present application, the ground inductor may be replaced by a distributed inductor or an equivalent inductor of other components.

[0158] For example, in some embodiments, Fig. 9 The antenna 910 is shown as an example. Fig. 22 , the grounding inductance at both ends of the antenna 910 can also realize its inductance grounding function through an electrical connection component. In this example, the electrical connection component can be a metal shrapnel. The equivalent inductance of the metal shrapnel can be the same as the grounding inductance. For example, taking the working frequency band of the antenna as 5GWIFI (i.e., 5150MHz-5850MHz), the equivalent inductance of the metal shrapnel can be included in the range of 0.5nH-5nH.

[0159] In order to be able to Fig. 22 The antenna scheme shown is described in more detail. Fig.23 This is shown in Fig. 22 The simulation model of another angle of the antenna solution shown is shown in FIG. Fig.23 As shown, in this example, the antenna radiator of the antenna 910 can be a 3D structure. For example, when the radiator of the antenna 910 is implemented by FPC, Fig.23 The 3D structure of the antenna radiator shown can correspond to the copper-clad area in the FPC antenna, and the FPC antenna can be mounted on the antenna bracket for support. Fig.23 As shown, in this example, the function of the grounding inductor can be realized by metal springs (such as springs 2302 and springs 2303). Fig.23The spring clip 2301 in the figure is the corresponding electrical connection component at the feed source. The spring clip 2301 can be used to electrically connect the antenna to the RF circuit on the main board or the small board at the feed source, thereby realizing the feeding of the antenna by the electronic device. In this example, the FPC antenna can be provided with exposed copper gold fingers at the corresponding positions of the spring clips 2301, 2302, and 2303, so that the spring clips 2301, 2302, and 2303 can be electrically connected to the copper-clad area (i.e., the antenna radiator) on the FPC antenna at the exposed copper gold fingers.

[0160] In combination with the above description, in some embodiments of the present application, in the ground inductance (such as Fig. 22 A ground matching component may also be provided between the metal spring shown in FIG. 1 and the reference ground. As an example, the ground matching component is a tuning capacitor. Fig.24 As shown, a tuning capacitor can be provided between the metal spring and the reference ground. In a specific implementation, the metal spring can be welded on a PCB board, and the metal spring can be coupled to the reference ground through a pad. In this example, the tuning capacitor can be provided on the RF microstrip line between the pad and the reference ground for frequency selection and / or tuning of the operating frequency band.

[0161] In other embodiments, Fig. 9 The antenna 910 is shown as an example. Fig.25 , the grounding inductance at both ends of the antenna 910 can also realize its inductance grounding function through distributed inductance. In this example, the distributed inductance can be a serpentine line radiator. The equivalent inductance of the serpentine line radiator can be the same as the grounding inductance. For example, taking the working frequency band of the antenna as 5GWIFI (i.e., 5150MHz-5850MHz), the equivalent inductance of the serpentine line radiator can be included in the range of 0.5nH-5nH.

[0162] Although the present application has been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments thereof, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Accordingly, this specification and the drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of the present application as defined by the appended claims, and are deemed to have covered any and all modifications, variations, combinations or equivalents within the scope of the present application. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A terminal antenna, characterized in that: The terminal antenna is arranged in the electronic device, and the terminal antenna comprises: A first radiator, wherein the first radiator comprises N radiating units connected in series, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2; a first end of any of the radiating units is grounded through a reactance unit, and a second end of any of the radiating units is provided with a feed source or is grounded through the reactance unit; the inductance of the reactance unit corresponds to the working frequency band of the first radiator; and ends of two adjacent radiating units close to each other are coupled to the same feed source or reactance unit; The N radiation units include a first radiation unit, and a feed source is provided at one end of the first radiation unit away from the reactance unit; The length of any one of the radiation units does not exceed 1 / 4 wavelength of the working frequency band of the terminal antenna.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that One end of any of the radiation units is grounded through a reactance unit, comprising: For any of the radiation units, the reactance unit is arranged at an end of the radiation unit away from the feed source.

3. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The N radiation units further include a second radiation unit, the second radiation unit is arranged on a side of the first radiation unit close to the feed source, and the reactance unit is arranged at a first end of the second radiation unit; The second radiation unit is connected to the third end of the first radiation unit at a second end, the second end is different from the first end, and the third end is an end of the first radiation unit where a feed source is arranged.

4. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The N radiation units further include a third radiation unit, the third radiation unit is arranged on a side of the first radiation unit away from the feed source, and a reactance unit is arranged at a fourth end of the third radiation unit. The third radiation unit is connected to the sixth end of the first radiation unit at a fifth end, the fifth end is different from the fourth end, and the sixth end is an end of the first radiation unit far away from the feed source.

5. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Among the N radiation units, the farther away from the feed source, the smaller the width of the radiation unit.

6. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The reactance unit includes any one of the following: a lumped inductor, a distributed inductor, and an electrical connection component.

7. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that A tuning capacitor is also arranged between the reactance unit and the reference ground.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The operating frequency band of the terminal antenna includes 5150MHz-5850MHz, and the inductance of the reactance unit is included in the range of [0.5nH, 5nH].

9. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: When the terminal antenna is working, a uniform normal electric field is distributed near the radiator of the terminal antenna.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device is provided with a terminal antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; when the electronic device transmits or receives a signal, the signal is transmitted or received through the terminal antenna.

Images