A stirless electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor, packing material, and its application.

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of water treatment technology and provides a stirless electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor, packing material, and its application. The stirless electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor includes a reaction vessel, multiple electromagnetic generators, and a PLC controller; the multiple electromagnetic generators are arranged spirally on the outside of the reactor. This invention also provides flocked magnetic biological packing material for this reactor, with a density of 1.5 g / cm³. 3 -2.0 g / cm 3 This invention also provides a method for non-stirred biological water treatment using the aforementioned reactor and packing material. The non-stirred electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor of this invention, when energized, creates a magnetic field within the reactor, causing the magnetic flocked packing material to flow within the reactor. This reduces the space occupied by the internal stirring device, improving space utilization. The non-stirring process prevents biofilm damage, retaining high-density biomass, thereby improving denitrification efficiency and reducing costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water treatment technology, and relates to a non-stirring electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor, its special packing material, and its application in water treatment. Background Technology

[0002] Biological water treatment technology has been widely applied in urban sewage treatment, high-concentration livestock wastewater treatment, and chemical wastewater treatment with high organic matter content. The biological method of sewage treatment utilizes the metabolic functions of microorganisms to degrade dissolved and colloidal organic pollutants in sewage into harmless substances, thus purifying the wastewater. Biological packing materials, as the habitat of microorganisms and carriers, not only influence the growth, reproduction, and decline of microorganisms, but also their surface properties, such as hydrophilicity, roughness, specific surface area, charge, morphology, free energy, and chemical composition, are crucial factors affecting the adsorption and immobilization of microorganisms.

[0003] When using biological methods for water treatment, bioreactors are employed. Agitators are often added to bioreactors for several reasons: first, to ensure thorough mixing of the liquid and liquid phases, forming a homogeneous mixture and enhancing mass transfer; second, to ensure thorough dispersion of the gas and liquid phases, further enhancing mass transfer and increasing the reaction rate; third, to ensure adequate suspension of solids; and fourth, to ensure uniform temperature distribution within the reactor, enhancing heat transfer and preventing localized overheating or undercooling. However, agitation generally suffers from high operating costs, and it can also cause the biofilm to detach, prolonging the biofilm formation time and reducing wastewater treatment efficiency.

[0004] Chinese patent application CN 116605993A discloses a method for treating urban wastewater based on anaerobic ammonia oxidation. This method treats actual urban wastewater by establishing a micro-aerobic nitrification-partial denitrification coupled anaerobic ammonia oxidation process in a batch reactor. A stirrer is used in this reactor. CN 116605992A discloses an ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment device and method. It includes an A / O reaction tank for receiving ammonia nitrogen wastewater and performing anoxic and aerobic biological treatment; an MBR tank for receiving and treating the treated wastewater from the A / O reaction tank to form a supernatant above the MBR tank; an intermediate water tank for receiving the supernatant above the MBR tank; and a sulfur autotrophic denitrification filter for receiving the supernatant from the intermediate water tank, which is then discharged after denitrification treatment. A stirrer is also used in this process.

[0005] The prior art, Chinese patent application CN 106219731B, discloses an MBBR magnetic suspension biological filler and its preparation method. By adding fillers and magnetic diatomaceous earth to the traditional process formula, an organic biological filler with a rougher surface and a density closer to that of water is obtained while ensuring physical strength and service life.

[0006] The above patents have made different improvements to the reactor and packing, but a stirrer is still required, and the problem of biofilm damage when biological packing is added still exists. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problem that stirrers in current bioreactors affect biofilm formation, this invention provides a stirless electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor and its dedicated biological packing material. The combination of the two can solve the problem of reduced water treatment efficiency caused by biofilm damage.

[0008] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for water treatment using the aforementioned filler material. This process can be applied to both the upgrading and renovation of existing wastewater treatment projects and to newly constructed wastewater treatment projects. It features the ability to tap the potential of the system, stabilize the quality of the effluent, and has the advantages of being non-stirring and having low energy consumption.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0010] A stirless electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor includes a reaction vessel, multiple electromagnetic generators, and a PLC controller.

[0011] The reactor body is a hollow cylinder with a sealing head at one end and a removable cap at the other end.

[0012] The multiple electromagnetic generating devices are arranged on the outside of the reactor in a spiral pattern;

[0013] The PLC controller is electrically connected to the electromagnetic generator and is used to control the energizing time and sequence of the electromagnetic generator.

[0014] The ratio of the diameter to the height of the reactor cylinder is 1:(1-5).

[0015] A method for preparing a flocked magnetic biological packing material includes the following steps:

[0016] (1) Mix 30-80 parts by weight of matrix material, 10-50 parts by weight of thermoplastic elastomer, 3-8 parts by weight of filler and 1-20 parts by weight of ferromagnetic powder evenly, then heat and mold to obtain a blank;

[0017] (2) While the blank is hot, electrostatic flocking is performed to obtain flocked magnetic biological filler.

[0018] The matrix material is selected from one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride and butadiene-styrene copolymer.

[0019] The thermoplastic elastomer is selected from one or more of thermoplastic polyurethane, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers, and isoprene-substituted butadiene block styrene polymers.

[0020] The filler is light calcium carbonate.

[0021] The ferromagnetic powder is iron(III) oxide.

[0022] The flocking material is selected from one or more of polyester fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, polyamide fiber, polyacrylonitrile fiber, and polypropylene fiber.

[0023] The diameter of the down is 20-40 μm; the length of the down is 1-5 mm.

[0024] A flocked magnetic biological packing material prepared by the above method. The density of the flocked magnetic biological packing material is greater than that of water. To prevent loss of the flocked magnetic biological packing material during water discharge, the density of the flocked magnetic biological packing material is 1.5 g / cm³. 3 -2.0 g / cm 3 When the power is off, the flocked magnetic biological packing will settle to the bottom of the reactor and will not be lost with the effluent.

[0025] The above-mentioned flocked magnetic biological packing material can be used in electromagnetic field-induced bioreactors without stirring for biological water treatment.

[0026] A method for non-stirred biological water treatment includes the following steps:

[0027] S1. Introduce the water to be treated and activated sludge into the above-mentioned unstirred electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor;

[0028] S2. After adding the above-mentioned flocked magnetic biological packing material, start the electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor without stirring to treat water.

[0029] The flocked magnetic biofiller has a filling rate of 5-50%.

[0030] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0031] The electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor of this invention, without stirring, creates a magnetic field within the reactor after energization, suspending the magnetic flocked packing material inside. This reduces the space occupied by internal stirring devices, improving space utilization. The absence of stirring prevents biofilm damage, allowing for the retention of high-density biomass, thereby improving denitrification efficiency and reducing costs. This reactor can be used in both aerobic and anaerobic treatment. Furthermore, electrostatic flocking further enhances biofilm formation speed and shortens formation time, promoting biofilm growth. The packing material provided by this invention utilizes ferromagnetic powder to provide a micro-magnetic field, promoting microbial growth and reproduction and increasing their biological activity. The implanted villi increase the specific surface area of ​​the bio-packing material, providing a suitable environment for microorganisms. This allows for the rapid accumulation of nutrients and pollutants, increasing the concentration of pollutants around the magnetic flocked packing material. The synergistic effect of these two factors significantly accelerates biofilm formation and pollutant decomposition, thereby greatly improving wastewater treatment efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor without stirring.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of an electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor without stirring.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a top view of the structure of an electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor without stirring.

[0035] Figure 4 These are images of flocked magnetic biological packing material under bright-field and fluorescent microscopy. The green highlights in the images represent activated sludge stained with Thermo Fisher Syto#9 green fluorescent dye. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] (1) Preparation of an electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor without stirring

[0039] like Figure 1-3 The stirless electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor shown includes a reaction cylinder, nine electromagnetic generators, and a PLC controller.

[0040] The reactor cylinder is a hollow cylinder with a diameter of 1 meter and a height of 3 meters. It is made of plexiglass and has a sealing cap at one end and a removable cover at the other end.

[0041] The nine electromagnetic generating devices are arranged spirally on the outside of the reactor. Each electromagnetic generating device contains a magnet and an electric coil. The size of the magnet is 300 mm × 100 mm × 100 mm.

[0042] The PLC controller is electrically connected to the electromagnetic generator and is used to control the energizing time and sequence of the electromagnetic generator: under the control of the PLC controller, the electromagnetic generator will be energized sequentially from bottom to top and generate a magnetic field, causing the flocked magnetic biological filler to suspend inside the reactor; after one round of energizing, it will be energized again sequentially from bottom to top, and so on, so that the magnetic flocked filler flows in the reactor according to the energizing sequence.

[0043] (2) Preparation of flocked magnetic biological filler

[0044] Raw material mixing and granulation: 6.6 g of polyethylene, 2.0 g of thermoplastic polyurethane, 0.5 g of light calcium carbonate and 1.0 g of iron oxide are heated and mixed in an open mill, then extruded and granulated to obtain a green body;

[0045] Electrostatic flocking: While the preform obtained in the previous step is still hot, it is quickly added to the flocking box, and polyester fiber flocks with a diameter of 30 μm and a length of 5 mm are flocked onto the surface of the preform to obtain a density of 1.5 g / cm³. 3 Flocked magnetic biological filler.

[0046] (3) Evaluation of biofilm formation in bioreactors and their packing materials

[0047] The water to be treated (COD of 400±10 mg / L and ammonia nitrogen of 55±2 mg / L) and activated sludge were introduced into the bioreactor of step (1);

[0048] The packing material prepared in step (2) is added into the above bioreactor at a filling rate of 30%;

[0049] By adjusting the PLC controller parameter settings and the energizing time of each electromagnetic generator, the packing material is suspended in the bioreactor, maintaining a water temperature of 37 ℃ and a reaction time of 6 hours.

[0050] (4) Application of bioreactors and their packing materials in water treatment

[0051] The water to be treated (COD 400±10 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen 55±2 mg / L, pH 7.0-7.5) and activated sludge were introduced into the bioreactor in step (1);

[0052] The packing material prepared in step (2) is added into the above bioreactor at a filling rate of 30%;

[0053] By adjusting the PLC controller parameter settings and the energizing time of each electromagnetic generator, the packing material is suspended in the bioreactor. The water temperature is maintained at 25±2 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 8 hours. The COD, ammonia nitrogen, and total nitrogen content in the water are then detected.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] (1) Preparation of an electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor without stirring

[0056] An unstirred electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor, comprising a reaction vessel, nine electromagnetic generators, and a PLC controller;

[0057] The reactor cylinder is a hollow cylinder with a diameter of 0.5 meters and a height of 1.5 meters. It is made of plexiglass and has a sealing cap at one end and a removable cover at the other end.

[0058] The nine electromagnetic generating devices are arranged spirally on the outside of the reactor. Each electromagnetic generating device contains a magnet and an electric coil. The size of the magnet is 150 mm × 50 mm × 50 mm.

[0059] The PLC controller is electrically connected to the electromagnetic generator and is used to control the energizing time and sequence of the electromagnetic generator: under the control of the PLC controller, the electromagnetic generator will be energized sequentially from bottom to top and generate a magnetic field, causing the flocked magnetic biological filler to suspend inside the reactor; after one round of energizing, it will be energized again sequentially from bottom to top, and so on, so that the magnetic flocked filler flows in the reactor according to the energizing sequence.

[0060] (2) Preparation of flocked magnetic biological filler

[0061] Raw material mixing and granulation: 4.2 g of polyethylene, 1.5 g of thermoplastic polyurethane, 0.4 g of light calcium carbonate and 1.5 g of iron oxide are heated and mixed in an open mill, then extruded and granulated to obtain a green body;

[0062] Electrostatic flocking: While the preform obtained in the previous step is still hot, it is quickly added to the flocking box, and polyester fiber flocks with a diameter of 25 μm and a length of 3 mm are flocked onto the surface of the preform to obtain a density of 1.8 g / cm³. 3 Flocked magnetic biological filler.

[0063] (3) Evaluation of biofilm formation in bioreactors and their packing materials

[0064] The water to be treated (COD of 400±10 mg / L and ammonia nitrogen of 55±2 mg / L) and activated sludge were introduced into the bioreactor of step (1);

[0065] The packing material prepared in step (2) is added into the above bioreactor at a filling rate of 15%;

[0066] By adjusting the PLC controller parameter settings and the energizing time of each electromagnetic generator, the packing material is suspended in the bioreactor, maintaining a water temperature of 37 ℃ and a reaction time of 6 hours.

[0067] (4) Application of bioreactors and their packing materials in water treatment

[0068] The water to be treated (COD 400±10 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen 55±2 mg / L, pH 7.0-7.5) and activated sludge were introduced into the bioreactor in step (1);

[0069] The packing material prepared in step (2) is added into the above bioreactor at a filling rate of 15%;

[0070] By adjusting the PLC controller parameter settings and the energizing time of each electromagnetic generator, the packing material is suspended in the bioreactor. The water temperature is maintained at 25±2 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 8 hours. The COD, ammonia nitrogen, and total nitrogen content in the water are then detected.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] (1) Preparation of an electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor without stirring

[0073] An unstirred electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor, comprising a reaction vessel, nine electromagnetic generators, and a PLC controller;

[0074] The reactor cylinder is a hollow cylinder with a diameter of 2.0 meters and a height of 4.0 meters. It is made of plexiglass and has a sealing cap at one end and a removable cover at the other end.

[0075] The nine electromagnetic generating devices are arranged spirally on the outside of the reactor. Each electromagnetic generating device contains a magnet and an electric coil. The size of the magnet is 600 mm × 200 mm × 200 mm.

[0076] The PLC controller is electrically connected to the electromagnetic generator and is used to control the energizing time and sequence of the electromagnetic generator: under the control of the PLC controller, the electromagnetic generator will be energized sequentially from bottom to top and generate a magnetic field, causing the flocked magnetic biological filler to suspend inside the reactor; after one round of energizing, it will be energized again sequentially from bottom to top, and so on, so that the magnetic flocked filler flows in the reactor according to the energizing sequence.

[0077] (2) Preparation of flocked magnetic biological filler

[0078] Raw material mixing and granulation: 7.2 g of polyethylene, 3.6 g of thermoplastic polyurethane, 0.6 g of light calcium carbonate and 2.0 g of iron oxide were heated and mixed in an open mill, and then extruded and granulated to obtain a green body;

[0079] Electrostatic flocking: While the preform obtained in the previous step is still hot, it is quickly added to a flocking box, and polyester fiber flocks with a diameter of 40 μm and a length of 4 mm are flocked onto the surface of the preform to obtain a density of 2.0 g / cm³. 3 Flocked magnetic biological filler.

[0080] (3) Evaluation of biofilm formation in bioreactors and their packing materials

[0081] The water to be treated (COD of 400±10 mg / L and ammonia nitrogen of 55±2 mg / L) and activated sludge were introduced into the bioreactor of step (1);

[0082] The packing material prepared in step (2) was added into the above bioreactor at a filling rate of 45%.

[0083] By adjusting the PLC controller parameter settings and the energizing time of each electromagnetic generator, the packing material is suspended in the bioreactor, maintaining a water temperature of 37 ℃ and a reaction time of 6 hours.

[0084] (4) Application of bioreactors and their packing materials in water treatment

[0085] The water to be treated (COD 400±10 mg / L, ammonia nitrogen 55±2 mg / L, pH 7.0-7.5) and activated sludge were introduced into the bioreactor in step (1);

[0086] The packing material prepared in step (2) was added into the above bioreactor at a filling rate of 45%.

[0087] By adjusting the PLC controller parameter settings and the energizing time of each electromagnetic generator, the packing material is suspended in the bioreactor. The water temperature is maintained at 25±2 ℃, and the reaction is carried out for 8 hours. The COD, ammonia nitrogen, and total nitrogen content in the water are then detected.

[0088] Comparative Example 1

[0089] (1) The bioreactor used has a hollow cylindrical body with a diameter of 1 meter. It is made of plexiglass and has a sealed end cap at one end and a removable cap at the other end. A mechanical stirrer is added.

[0090] (2) The flocked magnetic biofiller used is the same as that in Example 1;

[0091] (3) Evaluation of biofilm formation in the bioreactor and its packing material, with experimental conditions consistent with those in Example 1;

[0092] (4) The application of the bioreactor and its packing material in water treatment was carried out under the same experimental conditions as in Example 1.

[0093] Images of the flocked magnetic fillers treated in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were taken under a fluorescence microscope, as shown below. Figure 4 The images shown are (a) and (b) bright-field images of the packing material without power, and (c) and (d) bright-field images of the packing material after power is applied. It can be seen that after 6 hours of reaction, the flocked magnetic packing material in the magnetic field adsorbed a large amount of activated sludge, while the flocked magnetic packing material under mechanical stirring had less activated sludge adhering to its surface.

[0094] Table 1. Pollutant concentrations in effluent from different treatments

[0095]

[0096] As shown in Table 1, the electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor and biological packing material of the present invention without stirring have excellent biofilm formation speed and good decontamination effect. The NH4-N removal rate is above 80%, and can reach up to 96%. The total nitrogen removal rate is 40%-60%, and can reach up to 60%.

Claims

1. A stirless electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor, characterized in that, Includes a reaction vessel, multiple electromagnetic generators, and a PLC controller; The reaction cylinder is a hollow cylinder with a sealed end cap at one end and a removable cap at the other end; the interior of the reaction cylinder is filled with flocked magnetic biological filler. The multiple electromagnetic generating devices are arranged on the outside of the reactor in a spiral pattern; The PLC controller is electrically connected to the electromagnetic generator and is used to control the energizing time and sequence of the electromagnetic generator. Under the control of the PLC controller, the electromagnetic generator will be energized sequentially from bottom to top and generate a magnetic field. After one round of energizing, it will be energized again sequentially from bottom to top, and so on in a continuous cycle.

2. The stirless electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the diameter to the height of the reaction cylinder is 1:(1-5).

3. The stirless electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the flocked magnetic biological filler includes the following steps: (1) Mix 30-80 parts by weight of matrix material, 10-50 parts by weight of thermoplastic elastomer, 3-8 parts by weight of filler and 1-20 parts by weight of ferromagnetic powder evenly, then heat and mold to obtain a blank; (2) While the green body is still hot, electrostatic flocking is performed to obtain flocked magnetic biological filler; The diameter of the flocked fibers is 20-40 μm; the length is 1-5 mm.

4. The stirless electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The matrix material is selected from one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, and butadiene-styrene copolymer; The thermoplastic elastomer is selected from one or more of thermoplastic polyurethane, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers, and isoprene-substituted butadiene block styrene polymers; The filler is light calcium carbonate; The ferromagnetic powder is iron(II,III) oxide; The flocking material is selected from one or more of polyester fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, polyamide fiber, polyacrylonitrile fiber, and polypropylene fiber.

5. The stirless electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The density of the flocked magnetic biofiller is greater than that of water, at 1.5 g / cm³. 3 -2.0 g / cm 3 .

6. An application of the unstirred electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor as described in any one of claims 1-5 for biological water treatment.

7. A method for non-stirred biological water treatment, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The water to be treated and the activated sludge are introduced into the electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor without stirring as described in any one of claims 1-5; S2. After adding the flocked magnetic biological packing material, start the unstirred electromagnetic field-induced bioreactor for water treatment.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The flocked magnetic biofiller has a filling rate of 5-50%.

Images