A retaining structure for a foundation pit of a building

Abstract

The application relates to a retaining structure for a foundation pit of a house building, which comprises a plurality of retaining assemblies connected to form a shape corresponding to the foundation pit, the retaining assembly comprising a connecting horizontal plate, a first retaining plate vertically and downwardly extended from the connecting horizontal plate, and a supporting frame body for supporting the first retaining plate; a moving cavity is arranged between the first retaining plate and the supporting frame body, and a moving retaining plate is arranged in the moving cavity and is in sliding and rotating connection with the connecting horizontal plate; when the retaining area is transversely extended, the moving retaining plate on the adjacent retaining assembly can be inserted into the adjacent moving cavity to realize the connection of the adjacent retaining assemblies; when a corner of the foundation pit is encountered or a partition is needed between construction areas, the moving retaining plate is rotated to form an included angle with the first retaining plate to match the shape of the foundation pit or to divide the areas; the retaining structure has a small volume when not in use, and no additional devices are loaded together, so that the retaining structure is convenient to carry and transfer; when in use, the retaining area can be transversely and vertically extended, and the retaining structure has high practicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a retaining structure for the foundation pit of a building. Background Technology

[0002] When constructing a building, it is necessary to excavate a foundation pit. During foundation pit construction, support is usually required. Foundation pit support is a measure to protect the underground structure and the surrounding environment of the foundation pit by supporting, reinforcing, and protecting the sidewalls and surrounding ring of the foundation pit. Retaining structures are a common type of structure in foundation pit support. There are various forms of retaining soil in foundation pits, such as using concrete retaining walls and retaining plates. For example, Chinese utility model patent with publication number CN215518812U proposes a foundation pit retaining structure for building construction, including a base plate, on one side of the upper surface of which a fixed retaining plate is provided. The fixed retaining plate has a slot at its upper end, into which a movable retaining plate is inserted. The lower end of the movable retaining plate has an insert plate that matches the slot. Both sides of the insert plate have threaded holes. The outer walls of both sides of the slot are threaded with fixing bolts that match the threaded holes. The upper end of the movable retaining plate has a second slot identical to the slot. The other side of the upper surface of the base plate has a hydraulic push rod. The other end of the hydraulic push rod has a fixing plate. The fixing plate has an anchor rod. The four corners of the bottom of the base plate have casters. The center of the base plate has a stabilizing structure running through both the top and bottom surfaces.

[0003] The above technical solution includes fixed and movable retaining plates, which are fixed together with bolts. It can be added as the depth of the foundation pit increases the height of the retaining structure. It is equipped with casters for easy movement, and fixed plates and anchor rods are also provided to prevent displacement during the retaining process. However, the base plate and the fixed retaining plate are fixed at a certain angle and cannot be folded, making it inconvenient to transport. Furthermore, the movable retaining plate needs to be fixed on top of the fixed retaining plate with bolts, making the operation relatively complicated. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a retaining structure for building foundation pits. This retaining structure is small in size when not in use, without additional loads, making it easy to transport and move. When in use, the retaining area can be extended laterally or vertically, and it can be assembled into various shapes to fit the shape of the foundation pit, making it highly practical.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a retaining structure for a building foundation pit, comprising multiple retaining components connected to form a shape conforming to the foundation pit. Each retaining component includes a connecting horizontal plate, a first retaining plate extending vertically downward from the connecting horizontal plate, and a supporting frame. The supporting frame supports the first retaining plate. A movable cavity is provided between the first retaining plate and the supporting frame, and a movable retaining plate is disposed within the movable cavity. The movable retaining plate is slidably and rotatably connected to the connecting horizontal plate. When the retaining area is extended laterally, the movable retaining plates on adjacent retaining components can be inserted into adjacent movable cavities to connect adjacent retaining components. When encountering a corner of the foundation pit or when dividing construction areas, the movable retaining plate rotates to form an angle with the first retaining plate to conform to the shape of the foundation pit or to divide the area.

[0006] Furthermore, a socket is provided above the connecting horizontal plate, and plugs are provided at the bottom of the first retaining plate and the supporting frame. When the height of the first retaining plate is insufficient for the depth of the foundation pit, the upper and lower retaining components are vertically spliced ​​together to extend the vertical height to meet the depth of the foundation pit. When the upper and lower first retaining plates and the supporting frame are in position, they are connected through the socket and plugs. When the upper and lower are movable retaining plates, the upper and lower movable retaining plates are connected by H-shaped blocks and the gaps between the upper and lower movable retaining plates are filled.

[0007] Furthermore, the right sides of the first retaining plate and the supporting frame are aligned, and the length of the first retaining plate and the supporting frame is shorter than the length of the connecting horizontal plate. The right side of the first retaining plate and the supporting frame and the right side of the connecting horizontal plate form an inverted L-shape in frontal view. The left side of the first retaining plate is longer than the supporting frame and the first retaining plate is aligned with the connecting horizontal plate. The left side of the first retaining plate and the supporting frame form a notch with the connecting horizontal plate, and the end face of the first retaining plate facing the notch is provided with an arc-shaped groove.

[0008] Furthermore, the connecting cross plate has a T-shaped groove on its end face facing the movable cavity. Limiting pins are provided on both sides of the groove. T-shaped sliders are provided on both sides of the upper end of the movable retaining plate. One of the T-shaped sliders can extend out of the groove, while the other is restricted to move freely within the groove by the limiting pin. The movable retaining plate rotates on the left side of the groove, and its rotation position is limited to 0°-90° due to the notch. The movable retaining plate rotates on the right side of the groove, and its rotation range is between 0°-180°.

[0009] Furthermore, the movable retaining structure is a complete rectangular plate, with an irregularly shaped slider on the inner end face of the rectangular plate and an irregularly shaped groove on the outer end of the movable retaining plate, allowing adjacent irregularly shaped sliders to slide and connect along the irregularly shaped groove to form an overlap, increasing the thickness of the movable retaining plate or extending its length.

[0010] Furthermore, the movable retaining plate includes a first rotating plate and a second rotating plate. Both the first rotating plate and the second rotating plate are capable of rotating about the other as an axis, and the rotation direction is towards the inside of the foundation pit. Both the first rotating plate and the second rotating plate are provided with threaded holes.

[0011] Furthermore, the support frame is provided with a sliding support component, which includes a first hinge plate, a second hinge plate, and a third hinge plate connecting the first and second hinge plates. The upper and lower ends of the first and second hinge plates are slidably and rotatably connected to the upper and lower ends of the support frame. When the third hinge plate is pulled outward, the first and second hinge plates move and rotate accordingly, forming a trapezoidal cross-section with the third hinge plate in plan view. A vertical through hole is provided in the middle of the first, second, and third hinge plates. A drill rod is internally threaded into the lower part of the vertical through hole. The bottommost drill rod drills into the soil through a rotating mechanism, and the remaining drill rods rotate and extend into the vertically adjacent vertical through holes.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0013] 1. Existing retaining structures consist of multiple independent components that require assembly and splicing, which is cumbersome and can easily affect construction access. In contrast, this application includes a retaining assembly consisting of a first retaining plate, a connecting horizontal plate, and a supporting frame. When not in use, the assembly can be folded up to form a rectangular plate, which does not take up much space and is easy to transport. When in use, the retaining assembly can be extended laterally to extend the retaining area or vertically spliced ​​to meet the depth of the foundation pit. It is easy to install, and the multiple retaining assemblies can be spliced ​​and adjusted to adapt to foundation pits of different sizes and shapes, making it highly adaptable and practical.

[0014] 2. Laterally, the retaining wall is extended by connecting adjacent retaining components with movable retaining plates. When there is a small gap, it can be achieved by moving the retaining plates. When assembling vertically, adjacent vertical retaining components are connected by plugs and holes or H-shaped clips. The H-shaped clips can fill the gaps between the upper and lower movable retaining plates to prevent soil from falling out of the gaps. The retaining plates are supported and reinforced by sliding supports to ensure that the position is fixed and to prevent displacement. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 A top view of the retaining structure formed by assembling retaining components;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the vertical assembly and disassembly of the retaining structure.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the retaining structure in an unused state.

[0018] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the lateral extension of the first type of retaining component;

[0019] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the left-side rotation of the first type of retaining component;

[0020] Figure 6 A schematic diagram illustrating the lateral extension of the second type of retaining component;

[0021] Figure 7 A schematic diagram illustrating the left-side rotation of the second type of retaining component;

[0022] Figure 8 A schematic diagram illustrating the right-side rotation of the second type of retaining component;

[0023] Figure 9 This is a front sectional view of the hinge plate through the vertical through hole.

[0024] Reference numerals: 1. Retaining component; 2. Connecting horizontal plate; 3. First retaining plate; 4. Support frame; 5. Insert; 6. Insertion hole; 7. H-shaped locking block; 8. Arc groove; 9. Notch; 10. Movable retaining plate; 11. Slide groove; 12. T-shaped slider; 13. Limiting pin; 14. First rotating plate; 15. Second rotating plate; 16. Irregularly shaped slider; 17. Irregularly shaped slide groove; 18. Sliding support; 181. First hinge plate; 182. Second hinge plate; 183. Third hinge plate; 184. Vertical through hole; 185. Drill rod; 19. Movable cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0026] For reference Figures 1-9As shown, this application provides a retaining structure for a building foundation pit. The number and distribution of retaining components 1 are determined based on the size and shape of the foundation pit, and whether it needs to be divided into zones for construction. Each retaining component 1 includes a connecting horizontal plate 2, with a first retaining plate 3 extending vertically downwards from the connecting horizontal plate 2, and a supporting frame 4. The supporting frame 4 supports the first retaining plate 3. A movable cavity 19 is provided between the first retaining plate 3 and the supporting frame 4. A movable retaining plate 10 is installed within the movable cavity 19. The movable retaining plate 10 is slidably and rotatably connected to the connecting horizontal plate 2. When connecting adjacent retaining components 1 laterally, the movable retaining plate 10 is inserted into the movable cavity 19 to achieve the lateral splicing of adjacent retaining components 1. When the foundation pit is small and lateral splicing is not required, the movable retaining plate 10 can be extended to expand the retaining area. When the foundation pit is rectangular or has... In the shape of a corner, the rotating movable retaining plate 10 can be rotated to form a perpendicular relationship with the first retaining plate 3 to provide soil support for the rotating position and to connect the retaining components 1 in the length direction and the retaining components 1 in the width direction; or it can be used to divide the area space by rotating the movable retaining plate 10; or when the height of the first layer of retaining components 1 is not enough for the depth of the foundation pit, the vertical height can be extended by vertical splicing on the basis of the first layer of retaining components 1 to meet the depth of the foundation pit. When the first retaining plate and the supporting frame 4 are above and below, the connecting horizontal plate 2 is provided with a hole 6, and the first retaining plate 3 and the supporting frame 4 are provided with a plug 5 at the bottom, and are connected through the hole 6 and the plug 5; when there are movable retaining plates 10 above and below, since the connecting horizontal plate 2 has a certain thickness, there will be gaps on the adjacent sides. It is necessary to fill the gaps with H-shaped clips 7 to prevent soil from falling from the gaps.

[0027] For reference Figures 1-9 As shown, the right sides of the first retaining plate 3 and the supporting frame 4 are aligned, and the length of the first retaining plate 3 and the supporting frame 4 is shorter than the length of the connecting horizontal plate 2. The right frontal cross-section of the first retaining plate 3, the supporting frame 4, and the connecting horizontal plate 2 forms an inverted L-shape. The inverted L-shape is formed by the movable retaining plate 10 extending from the right side, creating two rotation directions with a rotation range between 0° and 180°. The left side of the first retaining plate 3 is longer than the supporting frame 4, and the first retaining plate 3 is aligned with the connecting horizontal plate 2. The left side of the first retaining plate 3 and the supporting frame 4 is aligned with the connecting horizontal plate 2. The connecting horizontal plate 2 forms a notch 9. The end face of the first retaining plate 3 facing the notch 9 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 8. The arc-shaped groove 8 provides a rotation gap for the movable retaining plate 10 to rotate, so as to avoid the movable retaining plate 10 being unable to rotate due to restriction. This allows the first retaining plate 3 to extend from the left side to form a single rotation direction, with a rotation range between 0° and 90°. The movable retaining plate 10 can choose to extend from the left or right side according to the actual situation to fit various shapes of foundation pits, and there is no need to customize the retaining plate according to the shape of the foundation pit, thus saving costs.

[0028] For reference Figure 2As shown in the figure, to achieve the sliding and rotating connection between the movable retaining plate 10 and the connecting horizontal plate 2, a T-shaped groove 11 is provided on the end face of the connecting horizontal plate 2 facing the movable cavity 19. Limiting pins 13 are provided on both sides of the groove 11. T-shaped sliders 12 are provided on both sides of the upper end of the movable retaining plate 10, allowing it to slide along the groove 11. When the movable retaining plate 10 needs to extend, the limiting pin 13 on one side is pulled outwards to extend one side of the movable retaining plate 10. After extension, the limiting pin 13 is reinserted to prevent the other side from coming out. This results in one T-shaped slider 12 being inside the groove 11 and the other T-shaped slider 12 being outside the groove 11. When the worker pulls the movable retaining plate 10 out from the left side (taking the left side as an example), and pulls it to the end of the groove 11 where the limiting pin 13 cannot pull it outwards, the movable retaining plate 10 will be able to slide outwards due to the presence of the left-side notch 9. When the movable retaining plate 10 rotates 90° towards the gap 9, it will be restricted by the supporting frame 4 and will not be able to continue rotating inward. It will be held in place by the supporting frame 4, forming a resisting force on the soil. To facilitate smoother movement or rotation of the T-shaped slider 12, ball bearings are provided on the groove 11. The movable retaining plate 10 has two forms. The first form is that the movable retaining plate 10 is a complete rectangular plate. The inner end face of the movable retaining plate 10 is provided with a shaped slider 16. The end face of the first retaining plate 3 facing the foundation pit can also be provided with a shaped slider 16, which facilitates the insertion of the movable retaining plate 10 into the movable cavity 19 and provides guidance. The outer end of the movable retaining plate 10 is provided with a shaped groove 17, which allows adjacent shaped sliders 16 to slide and connect along the shaped groove 17, forming a stack of movable retaining plates to increase the thickness of the movable retaining plate 10 and increase stability.

[0029] For reference Figures 6-8 As shown, the second type is a movable retaining plate 10, which includes a first rotating plate 14 and a second rotating plate 15. Both the first rotating plate 14 and the second rotating plate 15 can rotate around each other as an axis, and the rotation direction is unidirectional, moving towards the inside of the foundation pit. The first rotating plate 14 and the second rotating plate 15 can abut against each other to prevent the first rotating plate 14 and the second rotating plate 15 from forming a triangle when subjected to soil pressure. The movable retaining plate 10 is configured with the first rotating plate 14 and the second rotating plate 15 to achieve more rotation and adapt to changes in the shape of the foundation pit. Both the first rotating plate 14 and the second rotating plate 15 are provided with threaded holes, which are used for threaded rods to connect the stacked movable retaining plates 10 to prevent movement.

[0030] For reference Figures 6-9As shown, a sliding support 18 is provided on the support frame 4. The sliding support 18 includes a first hinge plate 181, a second hinge plate 182, and a third hinge plate 183 connecting the first hinge plate 181 and the second hinge plate 182. The upper and lower end faces of the first hinge plate 181 and the second hinge plate 182 are slidably and rotatably connected to the upper and lower end faces of the support frame 4. When the third hinge plate 183 is pulled outward, the first hinge plate 181 and the second hinge plate 182 move and rotate accordingly, forming a trapezoidal cross-section with the third hinge plate 183 in plan view. The hinge joints of the first hinge plate 181, the second hinge plate 182, and the third hinge plate 183 are all provided with hinge locking parts (the hinge locking parts are prior art and will not be described in detail here, for example, the hinge locking part structure described in patent application number CN2021228857068.X), which realizes the fixation of the hinge shape and supports the first retaining plate 3; to further stabilize and reinforce the first retaining plate 3. The soil plate 3 has vertical through holes 184 on the first hinge plate 181, the second hinge plate 182, and the third hinge plate 183. A drill rod 185 is internally threaded into the lower part of the vertical through hole 184. The drill rod 185 is drilled into the soil for vertical positioning, which fixes the position of the hinge plate and the retaining plate and makes it less likely to tip over. In the case of vertically assembled retaining components 1, except for the bottom drill rod 185 which is drilled into the soil, the rest are inserted into the vertically adjacent vertical through holes 184 to achieve a stable connection. When the foundation pit is removed after construction, from top to bottom, when reaching the bottom retaining component 1, the drill rod 185 is rotated by a rotating mechanism (existing technologies that can drill into the soil and pull out or drill out are applicable to this patent application) to return the drill rod 185 back into the vertical through hole 184, thus not affecting the reset of the sliding support 18.

[0031] Working method: The retaining component 1 is placed into the foundation pit by a crane or transported to the foundation pit. First, the position of the first retaining component 1 is determined. The first retaining plate 3 and the plug 5 at the bottom of the supporting frame 4 are inserted into the soil by their own weight or by applying a certain pressure from the outside. Then, the third hinge plate 183 is pulled. The third hinge plate 183 moves outward and separates from the supporting frame 4. After the first hinge plate 181 and the second hinge plate 182 form the corresponding shape with the third hinge plate 183, the drill rod 185 is drilled into the soil by the rotating mechanism to reinforce and locate the position. The subsequent retaining components 1 are connected horizontally or at corners according to their shape. When the first layer of retaining components 1 is completed, the adjacent retaining components 1 are spliced ​​together and then the drill rod 185 is drilled in by the rotating mechanism. When the height of the subsequent retaining components 1 is not deep enough for the foundation pit, the retaining components 1 are vertically spliced ​​to increase the vertical height. After the foundation construction is completed, the retaining components 1 can be removed from top to bottom.

[0032] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A retaining structure for a building foundation pit, comprising multiple retaining components (1) connected to form a shape conforming to the foundation pit, characterized in that: The retaining component (1) includes a connecting horizontal plate (2), which extends vertically downward and is provided with a first retaining plate (3) and a supporting frame (4). The supporting frame (4) is used to support the first retaining plate (3). A movable cavity (19) is provided between the first retaining plate (3) and the supporting frame (4). A movable retaining plate (10) is provided in the movable cavity (19). The movable retaining plate (10) is slidably and rotatably connected to the connecting horizontal plate (2). When the retaining area is extended laterally, the movable retaining plate (10) on the adjacent retaining component (1) can be inserted into the adjacent movable cavity (19) to realize the connection of the adjacent retaining components (1). When encountering a corner of the foundation pit or dividing the construction area, the movable retaining plate (10) rotates to form an angle with the first retaining plate (3) to fit the shape of the foundation pit or to divide the area. The first retaining plate (3) and the supporting frame (4) are aligned on the right side and the length of the first retaining plate (3) and the supporting frame (4) is shorter than the length of the connecting horizontal plate (2). The right side of the first retaining plate (3) and the supporting frame (4) and the right side of the connecting horizontal plate (2) are inverted L-shaped in frontal view. The left side of the first retaining plate (3) is longer than the supporting frame (4) and the first retaining plate (3) is aligned with the connecting horizontal plate (2). The left side of the first retaining plate (3) and the supporting frame (4) and the connecting horizontal plate (2) form a notch (9). The end face of the first retaining plate (3) facing the notch (9) is provided with an arc groove (8). The connecting horizontal plate (2) has a T-shaped groove (11) on its end face facing the movable cavity (19). Limiting pins (13) are provided on both sides of the groove (11). T-shaped sliders (12) are provided on both sides of the upper end of the movable retaining plate (10). One of the T-shaped sliders (12) can extend out of the groove (11), while the other is restricted to move freely within the groove (11) by the limiting pins (13). The movable retaining plate (10) can rotate within a range of 0°-90° on the left side of the groove (11) due to the notch (9). The movable retaining plate (10) can rotate within a range of 0°-180° on the right side of the groove (11).

2. The retaining structure for the foundation pit of a building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting horizontal plate (2) is provided with a socket (6) above it, and the first retaining plate (3) and the support frame (4) are provided with plugs (5) at the bottom. When the height of the first retaining plate (3) is not enough to meet the depth of the foundation pit, the upper and lower retaining components (1) are vertically spliced ​​together to extend the vertical height to meet the depth of the foundation pit. When the upper and lower components are the first retaining plate (3) and the support frame (4), they are connected by the socket (6) and the plugs (5). When the upper and lower components are the movable retaining plates (10), the upper and lower movable retaining plates (10) are connected by the H-shaped clips (7) and the gap between the upper and lower movable retaining plates (10) is filled.

3. The retaining structure for the foundation pit of a building according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable retaining plate is a complete rectangular plate. The inner end face of the rectangular plate is provided with an irregularly shaped slider (16), and the outer end of the movable retaining plate (10) is provided with an irregularly shaped groove (17), so that adjacent irregularly shaped sliders (16) can slide and connect along the irregularly shaped groove (17) to form a superposition to increase the thickness of the movable retaining plate (10) or extend its length.

4. The retaining structure for the foundation pit of a building according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable retaining plate (10) includes a first rotating plate (14) and a second rotating plate (15). Both the first rotating plate (14) and the second rotating plate (15) can rotate about each other as an axis, and the rotation direction is towards the pit. Both the first rotating plate (14) and the second rotating plate (15) are provided with threaded holes.

5. The retaining structure for the foundation pit of a building according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The supporting frame (4) is provided with a sliding support (18), which includes a first hinge plate (181), a second hinge plate (182), and a third hinge plate (183) connecting the first hinge plate (181) and the second hinge plate (182). The upper and lower end faces of the first hinge plate (181) and the second hinge plate (182) are slidably and rotatably connected to the upper and lower end faces of the supporting frame (4). When the third hinge plate (183) is pulled outward, the first hinge plate (181) and the second hinge plate (182) are connected. The connecting plate (182) moves and rotates accordingly to form a trapezoidal cross-section with the third hinge plate (183) in plan view; the first hinge plate (181), the second hinge plate (182) and the third hinge plate (183) are provided with vertical through holes (184) in the middle, and the lower part of the vertical through holes (184) is internally threaded with drill rods (185). The bottommost drill rod (185) drills into the soil through a rotating mechanism, and the other drill rods (185) rotate and extend into the vertically adjacent vertical through holes (184).

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