Slope instability mechanism experimental demonstration device

Abstract

The present application relates to a slope stability experiment device, in particular to a slope instability mechanism experiment demonstration device, comprising the following structure: the water tank is a hollow box with an open top design; the experiment box is set in the inner cavity of the water tank, and the experiment box is a hollow box with an open top design; a plurality of supporting legs are arranged at the bottom of the experiment box for supporting the experiment box; the earthquake module is arranged on the inner cavity bottom wall of the experiment box and is electrically connected with the control device; the slope model is arranged on the earthquake module; the water supply module is connected with the inner cavity of the experiment box and the water tank and is electrically connected with the control device; the ventilation module is arranged on the experiment box and is electrically connected with the control device; the wave exciting module is arranged on the experiment box and is electrically connected with the control device; a pair of rainfall modules are arranged on the experiment box and are communicated with the inner cavity of the water tank, and the rainfall modules are electrically connected with the control device. The present application solves the defect of large experimental error in the prior art and has the characteristics of high experimental precision.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a slope stability experiment device, in particular to a slope instability mechanism experiment demonstration device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Slope instability is one of the common disasters in geological disasters in China. There are many factors affecting the stability of the slope, among which earthquake, rainfall and flood are the three main factors.

[0003] In the prior art, the Chinese invention patent with publication number CN112782387A discloses a multi-working-condition coupled landslide model experiment device, which comprises a model frame assembly, a rainfall simulation assembly, a water flow scouring assembly and a lifting assembly. The model frame assembly is used for stacking sample soil slopes, and can also simulate the rising and falling of reservoir water level. The rainfall simulation assembly is arranged above the model frame assembly and is used for simulating different rainfall intensities. The water flow scouring assembly provides scouring water flow and water storage level to the sample soil slope in the model frame assembly. The lifting assembly drives one end of the model frame assembly to rise and fall to adjust the inclination angle.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned multi-working-condition coupled landslide model experiment device uses a water pump to pump water to actively spray water to the slope for scouring. However, in fact, the water surge generated by the mountain flood in the process of flowing through the valley should cause the scouring of the slope. Therefore, the experimental data obtained by relying on the scouring mode of the above-mentioned multi-working-condition coupled landslide model experiment device to scour the slope has a large error, resulting in the defect that the device has a large experimental error. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the technical problem of large experimental error in the prior art, the present application provides a slope instability mechanism experiment demonstration device, which comprises a water tank, an experiment box, a plurality of supporting legs, a slope model, a water supply module, an earthquake module, a pair of rainfall modules, a ventilation module and a wave generation module.

[0006] The water tank is a hollow tank, and the top of the water tank is designed in an open type. A water solution is pre-stored in the inner cavity of the water tank.

[0007] The experiment box is arranged in the inner cavity of the water tank, and the top of the experiment box protrudes from the top surface of the water tank. The experiment box is a hollow tank, and the top of the experiment box is designed in an open type.

[0008] The plurality of supporting legs are arranged at the bottom of the experiment box and are connected to the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the water tank for supporting the experiment box.

[0009] The earthquake module is arranged on the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the experiment box, and the earthquake module is electrically connected to an external control device.

[0010] The slope model is set on the earthquake module. The slope model is located in the inner cavity of the experimental box. The slope model is composed of a pair of semi-slopes symmetrically arranged on the left and right, several plant models, and several stone models. The cavity between the pair of semi-slopes is the saddle cavity. The slopes of the pair of semi-slopes are both oriented towards the saddle cavity. The several plant models and several stone models are arranged on the slopes of the pair of semi-slopes;

[0011] The water supply module is set in the inner cavity of the water tank. The water supply module is connected to the inner cavity of the experimental box and is electrically connected to the control device;

[0012] The ventilation module is set on the experimental box and is electrically connected to the control device;

[0013] The wave exciting module is set on the experimental box and is electrically connected to the control device;

[0014] A pair of rainfall modules are set on the experimental box. The pair of rainfall modules are connected to the inner cavity of the water tank, are arranged on both sides of the wave exciting module, and are electrically connected to the control device.

[0015] Furthermore, the earthquake module includes: a bearing pad, several first water permeation holes, several groups of first vibration blocks, several groups of second vibration blocks, several groups of third vibration blocks, a mounting plate, several second water permeation holes, several first springs, and several vibration components;

[0016] The bearing pad is set at the bottom of the slope model. The bearing pad is a soft pad with good ductility and elasticity;

[0017] Several first water permeation holes are evenly opened on the bearing pad;

[0018] Any group of first vibration blocks is composed of several first vibration blocks arranged in a line. The axial cross-section of the first vibration block is trapezoidal. The lower bases of any two adjacent first vibration blocks are hinged. Several groups of first vibration blocks are connected end to end to form a "square" shape. The cavity enclosed by several groups of first vibration blocks is the assembly cavity;

[0019] Any group of second vibration blocks is composed of several second vibration blocks arranged in a line. The axial cross-section of the second vibration block is trapezoidal. Several groups of second vibration blocks are arranged in parallel in the assembly cavity. Several groups of second vibration blocks divide the assembly cavity into several partition cavities. In any group of second vibration blocks, the lower bases of any two adjacent second vibration blocks are hinged, and the lower bases of any two adjacent second vibration blocks are hinged to the lower bases of the first vibration blocks;

[0020] Any one group of third vibration blocks is composed of a plurality of third vibration blocks arranged in a line, a plurality of groups of third vibration blocks are respectively located in a plurality of separated cavities, any one group of second vibration blocks is located between any two groups of adjacent third vibration blocks, the axial section of the third vibration block is trapezoidal, the gap between any two adjacent third vibration blocks in any one group of third vibration blocks is greater than zero, any two adjacent third vibration blocks are hingedly connected with the lower base of the second vibration block, and any two third vibration blocks are hingedly connected with the lower base of the first vibration block;

[0021] The mounting plate is arranged in the inner cavity of the experiment box, the mounting plate is located between the third vibration block and the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the experiment box, and the mounting plate is fixedly connected with the side wall of the inner cavity of the experiment box;

[0022] The plurality of vibration assemblies are arranged on the experiment box and the mounting plate, the plurality of vibration assemblies are respectively connected with the plurality of groups of second vibration blocks and the plurality of groups of third vibration blocks, and the plurality of vibration assemblies are electrically connected with the control device;

[0023] The plurality of second water infiltration holes are arranged in the bottom of the experiment box, and each second water infiltration hole penetrates the outer wall of the experiment box and communicates with the inner cavity of the experiment box;

[0024] The plurality of first springs are arranged on the mounting plate, and the plurality of first springs are respectively connected with the plurality of groups of first vibration blocks and used for supporting the first vibration blocks.

[0025] Further, the vibration assembly comprises a second spring, an assembly hole, a driving motor, a first crank and a traction rope;

[0026] The second spring is arranged on the mounting plate, and the second spring is connected with any one second vibration block or any one third vibration block and used for supporting the second vibration block or the third vibration block;

[0027] The assembly hole is arranged on the mounting plate and matches the position of the second spring;

[0028] The driving motor is fixedly arranged on the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the experiment box, the driving motor corresponds to the position of the assembly hole, and the driving motor is electrically connected with the control device;

[0029] One end of the first crank is fixedly connected with the execution end of the driving motor;

[0030] One end of the traction rope is connected with the other end of the first crank, the other end of the traction rope is sequentially connected with the corresponding second vibration block or third vibration block through the assembly hole and the second spring, and the other end of the traction rope is fixedly connected with the corresponding second vibration block or third vibration block, so as to drive the second vibration block or the third vibration block.

[0031] Further, the water feeding module comprises a first water pump, a water feeding pipe, a water feeding valve, a drain pipe and a drain valve;

[0032] The first water pump is arranged on the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the water tank, and is electrically connected with the control device, and is used for pumping the water solution in the water tank;

[0033] The upper water pipe is arranged on the front side of the experiment box, the water inlet end of the upper water pipe is communicated with the output end of the first water pump, the water outlet end of the upper water pipe penetrates the outer wall of the experiment box and is communicated with the inner cavity bottom of the saddle cavity of the slope model, and is used for transmitting the water solution in the water tank to the inner cavity of the experiment box;

[0034] The upper water valve is arranged on the upper water pipe, and is electrically connected with the control device, and is used for controlling the on-off of the upper water pipe;

[0035] The drain pipe is arranged on the rear side of the experiment box, the water inlet end of the drain pipe penetrates the outer wall of the experiment box and is communicated with the inner cavity bottom of the saddle cavity of the slope model, and the water outlet end of the drain pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of the water tank, and is used for discharging the water solution in the experiment box to the inner cavity of the water tank;

[0036] The drain valve is arranged on the drain pipe, and is electrically connected with the control device, and is used for controlling the on-off of the drain pipe.

[0037] Further, the ventilation module comprises: an air exhaust box, a plurality of air outlet holes, an air pump, an air inlet box, a plurality of air inlet holes, a plurality of windows and a plurality of heaters;

[0038] The air exhaust box is a hollow box body, and the air exhaust box is fixedly arranged on the front side wall of the experiment box;

[0039] A plurality of air outlet holes are arranged on the front side wall of the experiment box, the air outlet holes penetrate the outer wall of the experiment box and the outer wall of the air exhaust box to communicate the inner cavities of the experiment box and the air exhaust box, the plurality of air outlet holes are distributed along the upper edge of the axial section of the slope model, and are used for pumping air in the inner cavity of the experiment box;

[0040] The air pump is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the air exhaust box, the air inlet end of the air pump penetrates the outer wall of the air exhaust box and is communicated with the top of the inner cavity of the air exhaust box, the air pump is electrically connected with the control device, and is used for pumping air in the inner cavity of the air exhaust box;

[0041] The air inlet box is a hollow box body, and the air inlet box is fixedly arranged on the rear side wall of the experiment box;

[0042] A plurality of air inlet holes are arranged on the rear side wall of the experiment box, the plurality of air inlet holes penetrate the outer wall of the experiment box and the outer wall of the air inlet box to communicate the inner cavities of the experiment box and the air inlet box, the plurality of air inlet holes are distributed along the upper edge of the axial section of the slope model, and are used for inputting air into the inner cavity of the experiment box;

[0043] A plurality of windows are arranged on the top of the air inlet box, and any window penetrates the outer wall of the air inlet box and is communicated with the inner cavity of the air inlet box;

[0044] Several heaters are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the air inlet box. Each heater corresponds to one of the windows. The heaters are electrically connected to the control equipment and are used to heat the air in the air inlet box cavity.

[0045] Furthermore, the wave module includes: a supporting top plate, a supporting bottom plate, a pair of lifting holes, a pair of screws, a pair of driven sprockets, a pair of nuts, a driving sprocket, a transmission chain, a lifting motor, and several wave components;

[0046] The supporting top plate is fixedly installed at the top opening of the experimental chamber, and the supporting top plate is located between a pair of rainfall modules;

[0047] The supporting base plate is movably set in the inner cavity of the experimental chamber. The supporting base plate and the supporting top plate are positioned correspondingly. The supporting base plate is located between a pair of half slopes of the slope model.

[0048] A pair of lifting holes are provided on the supporting top plate;

[0049] A pair of screws are vertically installed on the top of the bearing base plate. The bottom ends of the pair of screws are fixedly connected to the top of the bearing base plate, and the top ends of the pair of screws protrude from the top surface of the bearing base plate through a pair of lifting holes.

[0050] A pair of driven sprockets are respectively mounted on a pair of screws, and the pair of driven sprockets are rotatably connected to the supporting top plate;

[0051] A pair of nuts are fixedly mounted on a pair of driven sprockets, and a pair of nuts are respectively sleeved on a pair of screws. The pair of nuts are threadedly connected to the pair of screws to drive the pair of screws to move up and down.

[0052] The drive sprocket rotation is mounted on the top support plate;

[0053] The lifting motor is fixedly mounted on the top plate of the support. The actuator of the lifting motor is connected to the drive sprocket. The lifting motor is electrically connected to the control equipment and is used to drive the drive sprocket to rotate.

[0054] The drive chain is mounted on the driving sprocket and a pair of driven sprockets. The drive chain meshes with the driving sprocket and the pair of driven sprockets to drive the driving sprocket and the pair of driven sprockets to rotate synchronously.

[0055] Several wave-making components are mounted on the support base plate, and several wave-making components are electrically connected to the control equipment.

[0056] Further, the wave component comprises: an assembly cylinder, a top cover plate, a bottom cover plate, a hinged column, a connecting piece, a top side motor, a bottom side motor, a top side turntable, a bottom side turntable, a top side stand, a bottom side stand, a pair of top side telescopic holes, a pair of bottom side telescopic holes, an upper side guide ring, a lower side guide ring, a pair of upper side top rods, a pair of lower side top rods, a pair of upper side execution rods, a pair of lower side execution rods, a pair of upper side cranks, a pair of lower side cranks, an upper side connecting rod, a lower side connecting rod, an upper side swing rod, a lower side swing rod, an upper side hinge hole, a lower side hinge hole, a pair of upper side special-shaped guide holes, a pair of lower side special-shaped guide holes, and a wave plate;

[0057] The assembly cylinder is fixedly arranged at the top of the bearing bottom plate, and the top of the assembly cylinder and the bottom of the assembly cylinder are both designed in an open type;

[0058] The top cover plate is fixedly arranged at the top cylinder opening of the assembly cylinder;

[0059] The bottom cover plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom port of the assembly cylinder;

[0060] The hinged column is arranged at one side of the assembly cylinder, and the hinged column is perpendicular to the bearing bottom plate;

[0061] The connecting piece is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the assembly cylinder, and the connecting piece is connected with the hinged column;

[0062] The top side motor is fixedly arranged on the top cover plate, and the top side motor is located in the inner cavity of the assembly cylinder, and the top side motor is electrically connected with the control device;

[0063] The bottom side motor is fixedly arranged on the bottom cover plate, and the bottom side motor is located in the inner cavity of the assembly cylinder, and the bottom side motor is electrically connected with the control device;

[0064] The top side turntable is arranged at the execution end of the top side motor, and the top side turntable is the same as the central shaft of the assembly cylinder;

[0065] The bottom side turntable is arranged at the execution end of the bottom side motor, and the bottom side turntable is the same as the central shaft of the assembly cylinder;

[0066] The top side stand is vertically arranged at the bottom of the top side turntable;

[0067] The bottom side stand is vertically arranged at the top of the bottom side turntable, and the center distance between the bottom side stand and the bottom side turntable is smaller than the center distance between the top side stand and the top side turntable;

[0068] A pair of top side telescopic holes are symmetrically arranged on the side walls of any two sides of the assembly cylinder, any one of the top side telescopic holes penetrates the outer wall of the assembly cylinder and communicates with the inner cavity of the assembly cylinder, and the pair of top side telescopic holes are arranged on the two sides of the hinged column;

[0069] A pair of bottom side telescopic holes are symmetrically arranged on the side walls of any two sides of the assembly cylinder, any one of the bottom side telescopic holes penetrates the outer wall of the assembly cylinder and communicates with the inner cavity of the assembly cylinder, and the pair of bottom side telescopic holes are arranged on the two sides of the hinged column;

[0070] The upper guide ring is movably sleeved on the top side column, the top surface of the upper guide ring is fitted with the bottom surface of the top side turntable, the upper guide ring is a waist circle, the inner cavity width of the upper guide ring is equal to the outer diameter of the top side column, the inner cavity length of the upper guide ring is not less than twice the center distance between the top side column and the top side turntable, and the upper guide ring is located between the pair of top side telescopic holes;

[0071] The lower guide ring is movably sleeved on the bottom side column, the bottom surface of the lower guide ring is fitted with the top surface of the bottom side turntable, the lower guide ring is a waist circle, the inner cavity width of the upper guide ring is equal to the outer diameter of the bottom side column, the inner cavity length of the lower guide ring is not less than twice the center distance between the bottom side column and the bottom side turntable, and the lower guide ring is located between the pair of bottom side telescopic holes;

[0072] A pair of upper side top rods are symmetrically arranged on the side walls of the upper guide ring on any two sides, one end of the pair of upper side top rods is fixedly connected with the upper guide ring, and the other end of the pair of upper side top rods respectively protrudes out of the outer surface of the assembly cylinder through the pair of top side telescopic holes;

[0073] A pair of lower side top rods are symmetrically arranged on the side walls of the lower guide ring on any two sides, one end of the pair of lower side top rods is fixedly connected with the lower guide ring, and the other end of the pair of lower side top rods respectively protrudes out of the outer surface of the assembly cylinder through the pair of bottom side telescopic holes;

[0074] A pair of upper side execution rods are respectively arranged at the other end of the pair of upper side top rods, the upper side execution rod is perpendicular to the top cover plate, the bottom end of the upper side execution rod is fixedly connected with the other end of the upper side top rod, and the top end of the upper side execution rod is in the same plane as the top end of the hinge shaft;

[0075] A pair of lower side execution rods are respectively arranged at the other end of the pair of lower side top rods, the lower side execution rod is perpendicular to the bottom cover plate, the bottom end of the lower side execution rod is fixedly connected with the other end of the lower side top rod, and the lower side execution rod is located between the lower side top rod and the upper side top rod;

[0076] The upper side connecting rod is movably arranged on one side of the assembly cylinder;

[0077] The upper side hinge hole is arranged on the upper side connecting rod, the hole diameter of the upper side hinge hole is equal to the outer diameter of the hinge column, and the upper side connecting rod is movably sleeved on the hinge column through the upper side hinge hole;

[0078] The lower side connecting rod is movably arranged on one side of the assembly cylinder;

[0079] The lower side hinge hole is arranged on the lower side connecting rod, the hole diameter of the lower side hinge hole is equal to the outer diameter of the hinge column, and the lower side connecting rod is movably sleeved on the hinge column through the lower side hinge hole;

[0080] A pair of upper side cranks are respectively arranged at two ends of the upper side connecting rod, and head ends of the pair of upper side cranks are respectively fixedly connected with the two ends of the upper side connecting rod;

[0081] A pair of lower side cranks are respectively arranged at two ends of the lower side connecting rod, and head ends of the pair of lower side cranks are respectively fixedly connected with the two ends of the lower side connecting rod;

[0082] A pair of upper side special-shaped guide holes are respectively arranged at tail ends of the pair of upper side cranks, an inner cavity width of the upper side special-shaped guide hole is equal to an outer diameter of the upper side actuating rod, and the upper side crank is movably sleeved on the upper side actuating rod through the upper side special-shaped guide hole;

[0083] A pair of lower side special-shaped guide holes are respectively arranged at tail ends of the pair of lower side cranks, an inner cavity width of the lower side special-shaped guide hole is equal to an outer diameter of the lower side actuating rod, and the lower side crank is movably sleeved on the lower side actuating rod through the lower side special-shaped guide hole;

[0084] The upper side swing rod is fixedly arranged on the upper side connecting rod, and the upper side swing rod is perpendicular to the upper side connecting rod, and the upper side connecting rod is located between the upper side swing rod and the assembly cylinder;

[0085] The lower side swing rod is fixedly arranged on the lower side connecting rod, and the lower side swing rod is perpendicular to the lower side connecting rod, and the lower side connecting rod is located between the lower side swing rod and the assembly cylinder;

[0086] The wave plate is arranged on the upper side swing rod and the lower side swing rod, a top of the wave plate is hingedly connected with the upper side swing rod, a bottom of the wave plate is hingedly connected with the lower side swing rod, and the wave plate is a flexible plate-shaped member.

[0087] Further, the rainfall module comprises a rain distribution plate, a plurality of water distribution holes, a water supply pipe and a second water pump;

[0088] The rain distribution plate is fixedly arranged at a top opening of the experiment box, and the rain distribution plate corresponds to a position of any half slope of the slope model, and the rain distribution plate is a hollow plate-shaped member;

[0089] The plurality of water distribution holes are uniformly arranged at a bottom of the rain distribution plate, and any water distribution hole penetrates an outer wall of the rain distribution plate and communicates with an inner cavity of the rain distribution plate;

[0090] The second water pump is arranged on an inner cavity bottom wall of the water tank, and the second water pump is electrically connected with the control device and is used for pumping the aqueous solution in the water tank;

[0091] The water supply pipe is arranged on one side of the experiment box, an outlet end of the water supply pipe penetrates the outer wall of the rain distribution plate and communicates with the inner cavity of the rain distribution plate, an inlet end of the water supply pipe communicates with an output end of the second water pump, and the water supply pipe is used for transmitting the aqueous solution in the water tank to the inner cavity of the rain distribution plate.

[0092] Furthermore, the plant model is a tree model, which consists of a trunk, roots, and injection conduits. The trunk protrudes from the outer surface of the half-slope, the roots are buried in the topsoil of the half-slope, the roots are connected to the trunk, and the injection conduits are placed on the trunk.

[0093] Furthermore, the trunk is composed of several first guide tubes arranged in a radiating pattern, with their ends connected. The outer surface of any one first guide tube is covered with a first water-absorbing sponge layer, and several first guide holes are evenly distributed on the outer surface of any one first guide tube. Any one first guide tube is connected to an injection conduit. The root is composed of several second guide tubes arranged in a radiating pattern, with their heads connected to the tails of several first guide tubes. The outer surface of any one second guide tube is covered with a second water-absorbing sponge layer, which is connected to the first water-absorbing sponge layer. Several second guide holes are evenly distributed on the outer surface of any one second guide tube.

[0094] The slope instability mechanism experimental demonstration device according to the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the device enhances the simulation effect of water waves through the wave module, and solves the defect of large experimental error in the prior art due to the active spraying of water onto the slope by pumping water, thus having the characteristics of high experimental accuracy.

[0095] It should be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of the claimed technology. Attached Figure Description

[0096] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention (the water tank, experimental chamber, support legs, exhaust box, and air inlet box are all rendered with perspective).

[0097] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the structure of the seismic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0098] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of region A in the middle:

[0099] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of region B in the middle;

[0100] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the seismic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0101] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of a portion of region C in the middle;

[0102] Figure 7 Assembly view of the up-water module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0103] Figure 8 Exploded view of the ventilation module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0104] Figure 9 Assembly view of the wave-activating module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0105] Figure 10 Exploded view of the wave-activating assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0106] Figure 11 is Figure 10 Partial enlarged view of region C;

[0107] Figure 12 is Figure 10 Partial enlarged view of region E;

[0108] Figure 13 Assembly view of the rainfall module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0109] Figure 14 Structural view of the plant model according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0110] Figure 15 is Figure 14 Sectional view of region F;

[0111] Figure 16 is Figure 14 Sectional view of region G. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0112] The preferred embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The following description is presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the present application.

[0113] The foregoing and other technical contents, features and effects of the present application will be apparent from the following detailed description of the embodiments, which is to be read with reference to the accompanying drawings. The directional terms mentioned in the following embodiments, such as up, down, left, right, front or back, are only for reference to the directions of the drawings. Therefore, the directional terms are used for illustration, not for limitation of the present application. In addition, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same elements throughout the embodiments.

[0114] First, the slope instability mechanism experimental demonstration device according to an embodiment of the present application will be described. Figures 1 to 16 The slope instability mechanism experimental demonstration device according to an embodiment of the present application is used for slope stability test experiment, and has wide application scenarios.

[0115] As Figure 1As shown, the slope instability mechanism experiment demonstration device of the embodiment of the present application comprises a water tank 1, an experiment tank 2, a plurality of supporting legs 21, a slope model 3, a water feeding module 5, an earthquake module 4, a pair of rainfall modules 9, a ventilation module 6, and a wave generating module 7.

[0116] Specifically, as shown, Figures 1 to 2 the water tank 1 is a hollow tank, the top of the water tank 1 is designed in an open type, and a water solution is pre-stored in the inner cavity of the water tank 1; the experiment tank 2 is arranged in the inner cavity of the water tank 1, the top of the experiment tank 2 protrudes from the top surface of the water tank 1, the experiment tank 2 is a hollow tank, and the top of the experiment tank 2 is designed in an open type; the plurality of supporting legs 21 are arranged at the bottom of the experiment tank 2, the plurality of supporting legs 21 are connected with the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the water tank 1, and are used for supporting the experiment tank 2; the earthquake module 4 is arranged on the inner cavity bottom wall of the experiment tank 2, and the earthquake module 4 is electrically connected with an external control device; the slope model 3 is arranged on the earthquake module 4, the slope model 3 is located in the inner cavity of the experiment tank 2, the slope model 3 is composed of a pair of left and right symmetrical half slopes 31, a plurality of plant models, and a plurality of stone models, the cavity between the pair of half slopes 31 is a saddle cavity 32, the slope surfaces 311 of the pair of half slopes 31 are all arranged towards the saddle cavity 32, the plurality of plant models and the plurality of stone models are arranged on the slope surfaces 311 of the pair of half slopes 31; the water feeding module 5 is arranged in the inner cavity of the water tank 1, the water feeding module 5 is communicated with the inner cavity of the experiment tank 2, and the water feeding module 5 is electrically connected with the control device; the ventilation module 6 is arranged on the experiment tank 2, and the ventilation module 6 is electrically connected with the control device; the wave generating module 7 is arranged on the experiment tank 2, and the wave generating module 7 is electrically connected with the control device; the pair of rainfall modules 9 are arranged on the experiment tank 2, the pair of rainfall modules 9 are communicated with the inner cavity of the water tank 1, the pair of rainfall modules 9 are arranged on the two sides of the wave generating module 7, and the pair of rainfall modules 9 are electrically connected with the control device.

[0117] Further, as shown, Figures 1 to 4As shown in the figure, the earthquake module 4 includes: a bearing pad 41, several first water-permeable holes 42, several groups of first vibration blocks 43, several groups of second vibration blocks 44, several groups of third vibration blocks 45, a mounting plate 46, several second water-permeable holes 47, several first springs 48 and several vibration components 49; the bearing pad 41 is arranged at the bottom of the slope model 3, and the bearing pad 41 is a soft pad with good ductility and elasticity; several first water-permeable holes 42 are evenly opened on the bearing pad 41; any group of first vibration blocks 43 is composed of several first vibration blocks 43 arranged in a line, the axial section of the first vibration block 43 is trapezoidal, the lower bottoms of any two adjacent first vibration blocks 43 are hinged, several groups of first vibration blocks 43 are connected end to end to form a "square" shape, and the cavity surrounded by several groups of first vibration blocks 43 is an assembly cavity; any group of second vibration blocks 44 is composed of several second vibration blocks 44 arranged in a line, the axial section of the second vibration block 44 is trapezoidal, several groups of second vibration blocks 44 are arranged in parallel in the assembly cavity, several groups of second vibration blocks 44 divide the assembly cavity into several partition cavities 451, in any group of second vibration blocks 44, the lower bottoms of any two adjacent second vibration blocks 44 are hinged, and the lower bottoms of any two adjacent second vibration blocks 44 and the first vibration block 43 are hinged; any group of third vibration blocks 45 is composed of several third vibration blocks 45 arranged in a line, several groups of third vibration blocks 45 are respectively located in several partition cavities 451, any group of second vibration blocks 44 is located between any two adjacent groups of third vibration blocks 45, the axial section of the third vibration block 45 is trapezoidal, in any group of third vibration blocks 45, the gap between any two adjacent third vibration blocks 45 is greater than zero, the lower bottoms of any two adjacent third vibration blocks 45 and the second vibration block 44 are hinged, and the lower bottoms of any two third vibration blocks 45 and the first vibration block 43 are hinged; the mounting plate 46 is arranged in the inner cavity of the experimental box 2, the mounting plate 46 is located between the third vibration block 45 and the inner cavity bottom wall of the experimental box 2, and the mounting plate 46 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity side wall of the experimental box 2; several vibration components 49 are arranged on the experimental box 2 and the mounting plate 46, several vibration components 49 are respectively connected to several groups of second vibration blocks 44 and several groups of third vibration blocks 45, and several vibration components 49 are electrically connected to the control device; several second water-permeable holes 47 are opened at the bottom of the experimental box 2, and any one second water-permeable hole 47 penetrates through the outer wall of the experimental box 2 and communicates with the inner cavity of the experimental box 2; several first springs 48 are arranged on the mounting plate 46, and several first springs 48 are respectively connected to several groups of first vibration blocks 43 for supporting the first vibration blocks 43.

[0118] Furthermore, as Figures 1 to 6As shown, the vibration assembly 49 includes: a second spring 491, a mounting hole 492, a drive motor 493, a first crank 494, and a traction rope 495; the second spring 491 is mounted on the mounting plate 46 and is connected to any second vibrating block 44 or any third vibrating block 45 to support the second vibrating block 44 or the third vibrating block 45; the mounting hole 492 is formed on the mounting plate 46, and the position of the mounting hole 492 matches that of the second spring 491; the drive motor 493 is fixedly mounted in the experimental... On the inner cavity bottom wall of box 2, the position of drive motor 493 corresponds to that of assembly hole 492, and drive motor 493 is electrically connected to control equipment; one end of first crank 494 is fixedly connected to the execution end of drive motor 493; one end of traction rope 495 is connected to the other end of first crank 494, and the other end of traction rope 495 passes through assembly hole 492 and second spring 491 in sequence and is fixedly connected to the corresponding second vibration block 44 or third vibration block 45 for pulling the second vibration block 44 or third vibration block 45.

[0119] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , 7 As shown, the water supply module 5 includes: a first water pump 51, a water supply pipe 52, a water supply valve 53, a drain pipe 54, and a drain valve 55. The first water pump 51 is installed on the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the water tank 1 and is electrically connected to the control equipment for drawing the aqueous solution from the water tank 1. The water supply pipe 52 is installed on the front side of the experimental chamber 2. The inlet end of the water supply pipe 52 is connected to the output end of the first water pump 51, and the outlet end of the water supply pipe 52 passes through the outer wall of the experimental chamber 2 and is connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the saddle cavity 32 of the slope model 3 for transferring the aqueous solution in the water tank 1 to the inner cavity of the experimental chamber 2. Inside the cavity; a water inlet valve 53 is installed on the water inlet pipe 52, and the water inlet valve 53 is electrically connected to the control equipment to control the opening and closing of the water inlet pipe 52; a drain pipe 54 is installed on the rear side of the experimental chamber 2, the water inlet end of the drain pipe 54 penetrates through the outer wall of the experimental chamber 2 and connects to the bottom of the inner cavity of the saddle cavity 32 of the slope model 3, and the water outlet end of the drain pipe 54 connects to the inner cavity of the water tank 1 to discharge the aqueous solution in the experimental chamber 2 into the inner cavity of the water tank 1; a drain valve 55 is installed on the drain pipe 54, and the drain valve 55 is electrically connected to the control equipment to control the opening and closing of the drain pipe 54.

[0120] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , 8As shown, the ventilation module 6 comprises: an air suction box 61, a plurality of air outlet holes 62, an air pump 63, an air inlet box 64, a plurality of air inlet holes 65, a plurality of windows 66 and a plurality of heaters 67; the air suction box 61 is a hollow box body, and the air suction box 61 is fixedly arranged on the front side wall of the experiment box 2; the plurality of air outlet holes 62 are arranged on the front side wall of the experiment box 2, the air outlet holes 62 penetrate the outer wall of the experiment box 2 and the outer wall of the air suction box 61 to communicate the inner cavity of the experiment box 2 and the air suction box 61, the plurality of air outlet holes 62 are distributed along the upper edge of the axial section of the slope model 3, and are used for sucking air in the inner cavity of the experiment box 2; the air pump 63 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the air suction box 61, the air inlet end of the air pump 63 penetrates the outer wall of the air suction box 61 and communicates with the top of the inner cavity of the air suction box 61, the air pump 63 is electrically connected with the control device, and is used for sucking air in the inner cavity of the air suction box 61; the air inlet box 64 is a hollow box body, and the air inlet box 64 is fixedly arranged on the rear side wall of the experiment box 2; the plurality of air inlet holes 65 are arranged on the rear side wall of the experiment box 2, the plurality of air inlet holes 65 penetrate the outer wall of the experiment box 2 and the outer wall of the air inlet box 64 to communicate the inner cavity of the experiment box 2 and the air inlet box 64, the plurality of air inlet holes 65 are distributed along the upper edge of the axial section of the slope model 3, and are used for inputting air into the inner cavity of the experiment box 2; the plurality of windows 66 are arranged on the top of the air inlet box 64, any window 66 penetrates the outer wall of the air inlet box 64 and communicates with the inner cavity of the air inlet box 64; the plurality of heaters 67 are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the air inlet box 64, the plurality of heaters 67 respectively correspond to the positions of the plurality of windows 66, and the plurality of heaters 67 are electrically connected with the control device and are used for heating air in the inner cavity of the air inlet box 64.

[0121] Further, as Figure 1 , 9As shown, the wave generator module 7 comprises a bearing top plate 71, a bearing bottom plate 72, a pair of lifting holes, a pair of screw rods 73, a pair of driven sprockets 74, a pair of nuts 75, a driving sprocket 76, a transmission chain 77, a lifting motor 78 and a plurality of wave generator assemblies 79; the bearing top plate 71 is fixedly arranged at the top box opening of the experiment box 2, and the bearing top plate 71 is located between the pair of rainfall modules 9; the bearing bottom plate 72 is movably arranged in the inner cavity of the experiment box 2, and the bearing bottom plate 72 corresponds to the position of the bearing top plate 71, and the bearing bottom plate 72 is located between the pair of half slopes 31 of the slope model 3; the pair of lifting holes are formed in the bearing top plate 71; the pair of screw rods 73 are vertically arranged at the top of the bearing bottom plate 72, the bottom ends of the pair of screw rods 73 are fixedly connected with the top of the bearing bottom plate 72, and the top ends of the pair of screw rods 73 respectively protrude from the top surface of the bearing top plate 71 through the pair of lifting holes; the pair of driven sprockets 74 are respectively sleeved on the pair of screw rods 73, and the pair of driven sprockets 74 are respectively rotationally connected with the bearing top plate 71; the pair of nuts 75 are respectively fixedly arranged on the pair of driven sprockets 74, the pair of nuts 75 are respectively sleeved on the pair of screw rods 73, and the pair of nuts 75 are respectively threadedly connected with the pair of screw rods 73, so as to drive the pair of screw rods 73 to lift; the driving sprocket 76 is rotationally arranged on the bearing top plate 71; the lifting motor 78 is fixedly arranged on the bearing top plate 71, the execution end of the lifting motor 78 is connected with the driving sprocket 76, the lifting motor 78 is electrically connected with the control device, and the lifting motor 78 is used to drive the driving sprocket 76 to rotate; the transmission chain 77 is sleeved on the driving sprocket 76 and the pair of driven sprockets 74, the transmission chain 77 is meshed with the driving sprocket 76 and the pair of driven sprockets 74, and the transmission chain 77 is used to drive the driving sprocket 76 and the pair of driven sprockets 74 to synchronously rotate; the plurality of wave generator assemblies 79 are arranged on the bearing bottom plate 72, and the plurality of wave generator assemblies 79 are electrically connected with the control device.

[0122] Further, as Figure 1 , 9As shown in FIG. 12, the wave generator 79 comprises an assembly cylinder 791, a top cover plate 792, a bottom cover plate 793, a hinge column 794, a connecting piece 795, a top side motor 796, a bottom side motor 797, a top side turntable 798, a bottom side turntable 799, a top side vertical column 800, a bottom side vertical column 801, a pair of top side telescopic holes 802, a pair of bottom side telescopic holes 803, an upper side guide ring 804, a lower side guide ring 805, a pair of upper side top rods 806, a pair of lower side top rods 807, a pair of upper side execution rods 808, a pair of lower side execution rods 809, a pair of upper side cranks 810, a pair of lower side cranks 811, an upper side connecting rod 812, a lower side connecting rod 813, an upper side swing rod 814, a lower side swing rod 815, an upper side hinge hole 816, a lower side hinge hole 817, a pair of upper side special-shaped guide holes 818, a pair of lower side special-shaped guide holes 819, and a wave plate 820. The assembly cylinder 791 is fixedly arranged at the top of the bearing bottom plate 72, and the top of the assembly cylinder 791 and the bottom of the assembly cylinder 791 are both designed in an open type. The top cover plate 792 is fixedly arranged at the top opening of the assembly cylinder 791. The bottom cover plate 793 is fixedly arranged at the bottom opening of the assembly cylinder 791. The hinge column 794 is arranged at one side of the assembly cylinder 791 and is perpendicular to the bearing bottom plate 72. The connecting piece 795 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the assembly cylinder 791 and is connected with the hinge column 794. The top side motor 796 is fixedly arranged on the top cover plate 792 and is located in the inner cavity of the assembly cylinder 791. The top side motor 796 is electrically connected with the control device. The bottom side motor 797 is fixedly arranged on the bottom cover plate 793 and is located in the inner cavity of the assembly cylinder 791. The bottom side motor 797 is electrically connected with the control device. The top side turntable 798 is arranged at the execution end of the top side motor 796 and has the same center axis as the assembly cylinder 791. The bottom side turntable 799 is arranged at the execution end of the bottom side motor 797 and has the same center axis as the assembly cylinder 791. The top side vertical column 800 is vertically arranged at the bottom of the top side turntable 798. The bottom side vertical column 801 is vertically arranged at the top of the bottom side turntable 799, and the center distance between the bottom side vertical column 801 and the bottom side turntable 799 is smaller than the center distance between the top side vertical column 800 and the top side turntable 798. A pair of top side telescopic holes 802 are symmetrically arranged on the side walls of the assembly cylinder 791 at any two sides, any one of the top side telescopic holes 802 penetrates through the outer wall of the assembly cylinder 791 and communicates with the inner cavity of the assembly cylinder 791, and the pair of top side telescopic holes 802 are arranged on the two sides of the hinge column 794. A pair of bottom side telescopic holes 803 are symmetrically arranged on the side walls of the assembly cylinder 791 at any two sides, any one of the bottom side telescopic holes 803 penetrates through the outer wall of the assembly cylinder 791 and communicates with the inner cavity of the assembly cylinder 791, and the pair of bottom side telescopic holes 803 are arranged on the two sides of the hinge column 794.The upper guide ring 804 is movably sleeved on the top side column 800, the top surface of the upper guide ring 804 is attached to the bottom surface of the top side turntable 798, the upper guide ring 804 is a waist circle, the inner cavity width of the upper guide ring 804 is equal to the outer diameter of the top side column 800, the inner cavity length of the upper guide ring 804 is not less than twice the center distance between the top side column 800 and the top side turntable 798, and the upper guide ring 804 is located between the pair of top side telescopic holes 802; the lower guide ring 805 is movably sleeved on the bottom side column 801, the bottom surface of the lower guide ring 805 is attached to the top surface of the bottom side turntable 799, the lower guide ring 805 is a waist circle, the inner cavity width of the upper guide ring 804 is equal to the outer diameter of the bottom side column 801, the inner cavity length of the lower guide ring 805 is not less than twice the center distance between the bottom side column 801 and the bottom side turntable 799, and the lower guide ring 805 is located between the pair of bottom side telescopic holes 803; a pair of upper top rods 806 are symmetrically arranged on the side walls of any two sides of the upper guide ring 804, one end of the pair of upper top rods 806 is fixedly connected with the upper guide ring 804, and the other end of the pair of upper top rods 806 respectively protrudes from the outer surface of the assembly cylinder 791 through the pair of top side telescopic holes 802; a pair of lower top rods 807 are symmetrically arranged on the side walls of any two sides of the lower guide ring 805, one end of the pair of lower top rods 807 is fixedly connected with the lower guide ring 805, and the other end of the pair of lower top rods 807 respectively protrudes from the outer surface of the assembly cylinder 791 through the pair of bottom side telescopic holes 803; a pair of upper execution rods 808 are respectively arranged at the other end of the pair of upper top rods 806, the upper execution rod 808 is perpendicular to the top cover plate 792, the bottom end of the upper execution rod 808 is fixedly connected with the other end of the upper top rod 806, and the top end of the upper execution rod 808 is in the same plane as the top end of the hinge shaft; a pair of lower execution rods 809 are respectively arranged at the other end of the pair of lower top rods 807, the lower execution rod 809 is perpendicular to the bottom cover plate 793, the bottom end of the lower execution rod 809 is fixedly connected with the other end of the lower top rod 807, and the lower execution rod 809 is located between the lower top rod 807 and the upper top rod 806; an upper connecting rod 812 is movably arranged on one side of the assembly cylinder 791; an upper hinge hole 816 is formed in the upper connecting rod 812, the hole diameter of the upper hinge hole 816 is equal to the outer diameter of the hinge column 794, and the upper connecting rod 812 is movably sleeved on the hinge column 794 through the upper hinge hole 816; a lower connecting rod 813 is movably arranged on one side of the assembly cylinder 791; a lower hinge hole 817 is formed in the lower connecting rod 813, the hole diameter of the lower hinge hole 817 is equal to the outer diameter of the hinge column 794, and the lower connecting rod 813 is movably sleeved on the hinge column 794 through the lower hinge hole 817; a pair of upper cranks 810 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the upper connecting rod 812, and the head ends of the pair of upper cranks 810 are fixedly connected with the two ends of the upper connecting rod 812 respectively;A pair of lower side cranks 811 are respectively arranged at two ends of the lower side connecting rod 813, and the head ends of the pair of lower side cranks 811 are respectively fixedly connected with the two ends of the lower side connecting rod 813; a pair of upper side special-shaped guide holes 818 are respectively arranged at the tail ends of the pair of upper side cranks 810, the inner cavity width of the upper side special-shaped guide hole 818 is equal to the outer diameter of the upper side actuating rod 808, and the upper side crank 810 is movably sleeved on the upper side actuating rod 808 through the upper side special-shaped guide hole 818; a pair of lower side special-shaped guide holes 819 are respectively arranged at the tail ends of the pair of lower side cranks 811, the inner cavity width of the lower side special-shaped guide hole 819 is equal to the outer diameter of the lower side actuating rod 809, and the lower side crank 811 is movably sleeved on the lower side actuating rod 809 through the lower side special-shaped guide hole 819; the upper side swing rod 814 is fixedly arranged on the upper side connecting rod 812, the upper side swing rod 814 is perpendicular to the upper side connecting rod 812, and the upper side connecting rod 812 is located between the upper side swing rod 814 and the assembly cylinder 791; the lower side swing rod 815 is fixedly arranged on the lower side connecting rod 813, the lower side swing rod 815 is perpendicular to the lower side connecting rod 813, and the lower side connecting rod 813 is located between the lower side swing rod 815 and the assembly cylinder 791; the wave plate 820 is arranged on the upper side swing rod 814 and the lower side swing rod 815, the top of the wave plate 820 is hingedly connected with the upper side swing rod 814, the bottom of the wave plate 820 is hingedly connected with the lower side swing rod 815, and the wave plate 820 is a flexible plate-shaped piece.

[0123] Further, as shown in Figure 1 , 13 , the rainfall module 9 comprises a rain distribution plate 91, a plurality of water distribution holes, a water supply pipe 92 and a second water pump 93; the rain distribution plate 91 is fixedly arranged at the top opening of the experiment box 2, the rain distribution plate 91 corresponds to the position of any half slope 31 of the slope model 3, and the rain distribution plate 91 is a hollow plate-shaped piece; the plurality of water distribution holes are uniformly arranged at the bottom of the rain distribution plate 91, and any water distribution hole penetrates the outer wall of the rain distribution plate 91 and communicates with the inner cavity of the rain distribution plate 91; the second water pump 93 is arranged on the inner cavity bottom wall of the water tank 1, the second water pump 93 is electrically connected with the control equipment, and is used for pumping the aqueous solution in the water tank 1; the water supply pipe 92 is arranged on one side of the experiment box 2, the water outlet end of the water supply pipe 92 penetrates the outer wall of the rain distribution plate 91 and communicates with the inner cavity of the rain distribution plate 91, the water inlet end of the water supply pipe 92 communicates with the output end of the second water pump 93, and is used for transmitting the aqueous solution in the water tank 1 to the inner cavity of the rain distribution plate 91.

[0124] Further, as shown in Figure 1 , 14 , the plant model is a tree model, and the plant model comprises a trunk part 332, a root part 333 and an injection conduit 331; the trunk part 332 protrudes from the outer surface of the half slope 31; the root part 333 is embedded in the surface soil of the half slope 31; the root part 333 is connected with the trunk part 332; and the injection conduit 331 is arranged on the trunk part 332.

[0125] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , 14 As shown in Figure 16, the trunk portion 332 is composed of several first guide tubes 3321 arranged in a radiating pattern, with their ends connected. Each first guide tube 3321 has a first water-absorbing sponge layer 3322 wrapped around its outer surface. Several first guide holes 3323 are evenly distributed on the outer surface of each first guide tube 3321. Each first guide tube 3321 is connected to an injection conduit 331. The root portion 33... 3 is composed of several second guide tubes 3331, which are arranged in a divergent manner. The head ends of the second guide tubes 3331 are connected to the tail ends of several first guide tubes 3321. The outer surface of any second guide tube 3331 is wrapped with a second water-absorbing sponge layer 3332, which is connected to the first water-absorbing sponge layer 3322. Several second guide holes 3333 are evenly opened on the outer surface of any second guide tube 3331.

[0126] Before operating the equipment, the user can place the plant model on the slope surface 311 of the half-slope 31 of the slope model 3 according to the actual greening ratio of the target mountain, and bury the root part 333 of the plant model in the surface soil of the slope model 3, so that the root part 333 of the plant model is evenly distributed in the soil. The user can periodically use a syringe to inject a certain amount of mucus into the inner cavity of the first guide tube 3321 and the second guide tube 3331 through the injection tube 331. The mucus eventually seeps out through the second guide hole 3333 and the second water-absorbing sponge layer 3332 and is absorbed by the soil to simulate the sticky substance secreted by the plant roots, enhance the adhesion of the root part 333 of the plant model to the soil particles, and the plant model also... The first and second water-absorbing sponge layers 3322 and 3332 absorb water from the soil, promoting the evaporation of the water contained in the soil. This device enhances the adhesion of the surface soil of the slope model 3 by placing plant models on the slope surface 311 of the slope model 3, and can prevent the water droplets output by the rainfall module 9 from excessively splashing and eroding the surface soil of the slope model 3. This demonstrates the influence of vegetation on the stability of the mountain slope structure and further enhances the experimental accuracy of this device. The stone model can be a proportionally reduced-volume small stone. This device enhances the experimental accuracy of this device by placing stone models on the slope surface 311 of the slope model 3 to simulate the rolling stone phenomenon that accompanies the slope instability.

[0127] The working principle of the water supply module 5 is as follows:

[0128] When the device is running, the control device controls the first water pump 51 to start, and at the same time, the control device controls the water inlet valve 53 to open, and the first water pump 51 inputs the water solution in the inner cavity of the water tank 1 into the saddle cavity 32 of the slope model 3 through the water inlet pipe 52; after the water surface of the water solution stored in the saddle cavity 32 reaches a certain height, the control device controls the water outlet valve 55 to open, and the water solution in the saddle cavity 32 is discharged back to the inner cavity of the water tank 1 through the water outlet pipe 54; the control device can control the water inlet valve 53 and the water outlet valve 55 to be closed at the same time after the water surface of the water solution in the saddle cavity 32 reaches a certain height, so that the water level of the water solution stored in the saddle cavity 32 is kept at the current height, or the control device can control the water inlet valve 53 and the water outlet valve 55 to be opened at the same time, and keep the input flow of the water inlet pipe 52 equal to the output flow of the water outlet pipe 54, so that the water amount stored in the dark space is kept in dynamic balance, so as to simulate the influence of the flood flowing through the saddle on the mountain slope in reality; before the water surface position of the water solution stored in the saddle cavity 32 reaches the preset height, the control device can control the water inlet valve 53 and the water outlet valve 55 to be opened at the same time, and keep the input flow of the water inlet pipe 52 less than the output flow of the water outlet pipe 54, so as to simulate the influence of the flood flowing through the saddle on the mountain slope in reality.

[0129] The working principle of the rainfall module 9 is as follows:

[0130] When the device is running, the control device controls the second water pump 93 to start, and the second water pump 93 inputs the water solution in the water tank 1 into the inner cavity of the rainfall plate 91 through the water supply pipe 92, and the water solution in the inner cavity of the rainfall plate 91 finally drips on the half slope 31 of the slope model 3 through the water distribution holes opened in the bottom of the rainfall plate 91, so as to simulate the influence of rainfall on the stability of the mountain slope structure in reality.

[0131] The working principle of the ventilation module 6 is as follows:

[0132] When the device is running, the control device controls the air pump 63 to start, and the air pump 63 extracts the air in the inner cavity of the air suction box 61 to create a negative pressure environment in the inner cavity of the air suction box 61. The outside air flows into the inner cavity of the air inlet box 64 through the window 66, and the air in the air inlet box 64 flows into the inner cavity of the experimental box 2 through the air inlet hole 65. The air in the experimental box 2 flows through the upper surface of the slope model 3, and finally flows into the inner cavity of the air suction box 61 through the air outlet hole 62, finally completing the air circulation. When the air flows through the upper surface of the slope model 3, the air flowing on the plant model can accelerate the evaporation of the water in the first water absorbing sponge layer 3322, and promote the first water absorbing sponge layer 3322 and the second water absorbing sponge layer 3332 to absorb the water in the surface soil of the slope model 3. During the operation of the ventilation module 6, the control device can control the heater 67 to heat the air in the inner cavity of the air inlet box 64, so as to control the temperature of the circulating air flow, so as to accelerate the evaporation speed of the water in the first water absorbing sponge layer 3322 in the plant model. The present device simulates the dry-wet cycle effect of the slope model 3 in the real environment by the cooperation of the ventilation module 6, the rainfall module 9 and the plant model, thereby enhancing the experimental precision of the present device.

[0133] The working principle of the earthquake module 4 is as follows:

[0134] When the device is running, the control device controls the driving motor 493 to start, and the driving motor 493 drives the first crank 494 to rotate. The first crank 494 periodically pulls down the second vibration block 44 or the third vibration block 45 through the traction rope 495 during rotation. In this process, the second spring 491 constantly drives the pulled second vibration block 44 or third vibration block 45 to reset, so that the second vibration block 44 or third vibration block 45 vibrates to simulate an earthquake scene. The control device can control the output frequency of multiple adjacent driving motors 493 to be the same, so that the surface of the slope model 3 can form an isoseismal line of different shapes. When any one of the second vibration block 44 or the third vibration block 45 vibrates, it can pull and link the adjacent first vibration block 43, second vibration block 44 or third vibration block 45, further enhancing the simulation of the earthquake effect, thereby enhancing the experimental precision of the present device. After the slope model 3 is saturated with water, the excess water solution will seep out from the bottom of the slope model 3, flow through the first water seepage hole 42, the assembly hole 492 and the second water seepage hole 47 in turn, and return to the water tank 1. The present device controls multiple groups of vibration assemblies 49 to be linked to form an isoseismal line on the surface of the slope model 3, thereby enhancing the simulation degree of the earthquake simulation, and further enhancing the experimental precision of the present device.

[0135] The working principle of the wave module 7 is as follows:

[0136] Before the control device controls the jet wave module 7 to perform the jet wave operation on the water solution accumulated in the saddle cavity 32, the control device controls the lifting motor 78 to start, the lifting motor 78 drives the driving sprocket 76 to rotate, the driving sprocket 76 drives a pair of driven sprockets 74 to rotate synchronously through the transmission chain 77, and the driven sprockets 74 drive the screw nuts 75 to rotate synchronously to control a pair of screw rods 73 to rise or fall, thereby driving the bearing bottom plate 72 to displace to a suitable height, according to the experimental needs, so that part of the structure or the whole structure of the jet wave plate 820 is immersed below the liquid level of the water solution accumulated in the saddle cavity 32, and then the control device controls the jet wave assembly 79 to operate to perform the jet wave operation; when the control device controls the jet wave assembly 79 to perform the jet wave operation on the water solution accumulated in the saddle cavity 32, the control device controls the top side motor 796 and the bottom side motor 797 to start at the same time, the top side motor 796 drives the top side turntable 798 to rotate, at the same time, the bottom side motor 797 drives the bottom side turntable 799 to rotate, and the angular velocity of the bottom side turntable 799 is the same as that of the top side turntable 798, in the process of the rotation of the top side turntable 798, the top side turntable 798 drives the upper guide ring 804 to move periodically and reciprocally along the central axis direction of the pair of top side telescopic holes 802 through the top side vertical column 800, thereby driving a pair of upper jacks 806 to move periodically and reciprocally, in the process of the rotation of the bottom side turntable 799, the bottom side turntable 799 drives the bottom side guide ring to move periodically and reciprocally along the central axis direction of the pair of bottom side telescopic holes 803 through the bottom side vertical column 801, thereby driving a pair of lower jacks 807 to move periodically and reciprocally, in the process of the extension and retraction of the pair of upper jacks 806, the upper jack 806 drives the upper swing rod 814 to swing periodically and reciprocally around the hinge column 794 through the power transmission of the upper crank 810 and the upper connecting rod 812, in the process of the extension and retraction of the pair of lower jacks 807, the lower jack 807 drives the lower swing rod 815 to swing periodically and reciprocally around the hinge column 794 through the power transmission of the lower crank 811 and the lower connecting rod 813, thereby driving the jet wave plate 820 to swing at the same frequency, in the process of the swing of the jet wave plate 820, the jet wave plate 820 will raise water waves in the water solution accumulated in the saddle cavity 32 to impact the slope surface 311 of the half slope 31 of the slope model 3, so as to simulate the impact of the water waves on the slope of the mountain when the mountain torrent flows through the saddle space of the mountain in the real environment, thereby enhancing the simulation effect of the water waves, solving the defect of large experimental error in the prior art due to the active water spraying for washing the slope by the water pump, and further enhancing the experimental precision of the device.

[0137] The above, with reference to Figures 1 to 16The slope instability mechanism experiment demonstration device according to the embodiment of the application has the beneficial effects that: the device enhances the simulation effect of water waves through the wave simulation module, solves the defect of large experimental error in the prior art due to the water pump pumping water to actively spray water to the slope for washing, and has the characteristics of high experimental precision.

[0138] It should be noted that in this specification, the terms "comprising", "containing" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such a process, method, article or device. Without more limitations, the elements defined by the statement "containing" do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0139] Although the content of the application has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, it should be recognized that the above description should not be considered as a limitation of the application. After reading the above content, various modifications and alternatives of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the protection scope of the application should be defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An experimental demonstration device for slope instability mechanisms, characterized in that, Includes: water tank, experimental chamber, several support legs, slope model, water supply module, earthquake module, a pair of rainfall modules, ventilation module and wave module; The water tank is a hollow tank with an open top design, and the inner cavity of the water tank is pre-stored with an aqueous solution. The experimental chamber is located inside the water tank. The top of the experimental chamber protrudes from the top surface of the water tank. The experimental chamber is a hollow box with an open top design. The plurality of support legs are disposed at the bottom of the experimental box and are connected to the inner bottom wall of the water tank for supporting the experimental box. The seismic module is installed on the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the experimental chamber, and the seismic module is electrically connected to the external control equipment. The slope model is set on the earthquake module and is located in the inner cavity of the experimental box. The slope model consists of a pair of half slopes arranged symmetrically from left to right, several plant models and several stone models. The cavity between the pair of half slopes is a saddle cavity. The slope surfaces of the pair of half slopes are all set towards the saddle cavity. The several plant models and the several stone models are set on the slope surfaces of the pair of half slopes. The water supply module is disposed in the inner cavity of the water tank, the water supply module is connected to the inner cavity of the experimental chamber, and the water supply module is electrically connected to the control device; The ventilation module is installed on the experimental chamber and is electrically connected to the control device; The shockwave module is mounted on the experimental chamber and is electrically connected to the control device. The pair of rainfall modules are mounted on the experimental chamber and are connected to the inner cavity of the water tank. The pair of rainfall modules are arranged on both sides of the wave module and are electrically connected to the control device. The wave module includes: a top support plate, a bottom support plate, a pair of lifting holes, a pair of screws, a pair of driven sprockets, a pair of nuts, a drive sprocket, a transmission chain, a lifting motor, and several wave components; The supporting top plate is fixedly installed at the top opening of the experimental chamber, and the supporting top plate is located between the pair of rainfall modules; The supporting base plate is movably disposed in the inner cavity of the experimental box, the supporting base plate is positioned corresponding to the supporting top plate, and the supporting base plate is located between the pair of half slopes of the slope model; The pair of lifting holes are formed on the top support plate; The pair of screws are vertically arranged on the top of the bearing base plate, the bottom ends of the pair of screws are fixedly connected to the top of the bearing base plate, and the top ends of the pair of screws protrude from the top surface of the bearing top plate through the pair of lifting holes respectively. The pair of driven sprockets are respectively sleeved on the pair of screws, and the pair of driven sprockets are rotatably connected to the bearing top plate; The pair of nuts are respectively fixedly mounted on the pair of driven sprockets, and the pair of nuts are respectively sleeved on the pair of screws. The pair of nuts are respectively threadedly connected to the pair of screws, and are used to drive the pair of screws to move up and down. The drive sprocket is rotatably mounted on the top support plate; The lifting motor is fixedly mounted on the bearing top plate. The actuator of the lifting motor is connected to the drive sprocket. The lifting motor is electrically connected to the control device and is used to drive the drive sprocket to rotate. The transmission chain is sleeved on the driving sprocket and the pair of driven sprockets. The transmission chain meshes with the driving sprocket and the pair of driven sprockets to drive the driving sprocket and the pair of driven sprockets to rotate synchronously. The plurality of wave-making components are mounted on the supporting base plate, and the plurality of wave-making components are electrically connected to the control device; The wave assembly includes: an assembly cylinder, a top cover plate, a bottom cover plate, a hinge column, a connector, a top-side motor, a bottom-side motor, a top-side turntable, a bottom-side turntable, a top-side column, a bottom-side column, a pair of top-side telescopic holes, a pair of bottom-side telescopic holes, an upper-side guide ring, a lower-side guide ring, a pair of upper-side push rods, a pair of lower-side push rods, a pair of upper-side actuators, a pair of lower-side actuators, a pair of upper-side cranks, a pair of lower-side cranks, an upper-side connecting rod, a lower-side connecting rod, an upper-side swing rod, a lower-side swing rod, an upper-side hinge hole, a lower-side hinge hole, a pair of upper-side irregular guide holes, a pair of lower-side irregular guide holes, and a wave plate; The assembly cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the supporting base plate, and both the top and bottom of the assembly cylinder adopt an open design. The top cover plate is fixedly installed over the top opening of the assembly cylinder; The bottom cover plate is fixedly installed at the bottom port of the assembly cylinder; The hinge post is disposed on one side of the assembly cylinder, and the hinge post is perpendicular to the bearing base plate; The connector is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the assembly cylinder, and the connector is connected to the hinge column; The top-side motor is fixedly mounted on the top cover plate, the top-side motor is located in the inner cavity of the assembly cylinder, and the top-side motor is electrically connected to the control device; The bottom-side motor is fixedly mounted on the bottom cover plate, the bottom-side motor is located in the inner cavity of the assembly cylinder, and the bottom-side motor is electrically connected to the control device; The top-side turntable is located at the actuation end of the top-side motor, and the top-side turntable is the same as the central axis of the assembly cylinder; The bottom turntable is located at the actuation end of the bottom motor, and the bottom turntable is the same as the central axis of the assembly cylinder; The top side column is vertically installed at the bottom of the top side turntable; The bottom side column is vertically installed on the top of the bottom side turntable, and the center distance between the bottom side column and the bottom side turntable is smaller than the center distance between the top side column and the top side turntable; The pair of top-side telescopic holes are symmetrically opened on the side walls of either side of the assembly cylinder. Each of the top-side telescopic holes penetrates the outer wall of the assembly cylinder and communicates with the inner cavity of the assembly cylinder. The pair of top-side telescopic holes are arranged on both sides of the hinge post. The pair of bottom expansion holes are symmetrically opened on the side walls of either side of the assembly cylinder, and any one of the bottom expansion holes penetrates the outer wall of the assembly cylinder and communicates with the inner cavity of the assembly cylinder. The pair of bottom expansion holes are arranged on both sides of the hinge post. The upper guide ring is movably sleeved on the top side column. The top surface of the upper guide ring is in contact with the bottom surface of the top side turntable. The upper guide ring is oval. The inner cavity width of the upper guide ring is equal to the outer diameter of the top side column. The inner cavity length of the upper guide ring is not less than twice the center distance between the top side column and the top side turntable. The upper guide ring is located between the pair of top side telescopic holes. The lower guide ring is movably sleeved on the bottom side column. The bottom surface of the lower guide ring is in contact with the top surface of the bottom side turntable. The lower guide ring is oval. The inner cavity width of the upper guide ring is equal to the outer diameter of the bottom side column. The inner cavity length of the lower guide ring is not less than twice the center distance between the bottom side column and the bottom side turntable. The lower guide ring is located between the pair of bottom side telescopic holes. The pair of upper push rods are symmetrically arranged on the side walls of either side of the upper guide ring. One end of the pair of upper push rods is fixedly connected to the upper guide ring, and the other end of the pair of upper push rods protrudes from the outer surface of the assembly cylinder through the pair of top telescopic holes. The pair of lower push rods are symmetrically arranged on the side walls of either side of the lower guide ring. One end of the pair of lower push rods is fixedly connected to the lower guide ring, and the other end of the pair of lower push rods protrudes from the outer surface of the assembly cylinder through the pair of bottom telescopic holes. The pair of upper actuator rods are respectively disposed at the other end of the pair of upper push rods. The upper actuator rods are perpendicular to the top cover plate. The bottom end of the upper actuator rod is fixedly connected to the other end of the upper push rod. The top end of the upper actuator rod is on the same plane as the top end of the hinge column. The pair of lower actuators are respectively disposed at the other end of the pair of lower push rods. The lower actuators are perpendicular to the bottom cover plate. The bottom end of the lower actuator is fixedly connected to the other end of the lower push rod. The lower actuator is located between the lower push rod and the upper push rod. The upper connecting rod is movably disposed on one side of the assembly cylinder; The upper hinge hole is formed on the upper connecting rod, and the diameter of the upper hinge hole is equal to the outer diameter of the hinge post. The upper connecting rod is movably sleeved on the hinge post through the upper hinge hole. The lower connecting rod is movably disposed on one side of the assembly cylinder; The lower hinge hole is formed on the lower connecting rod, and the diameter of the lower hinge hole is equal to the outer diameter of the hinge post. The lower connecting rod is movably sleeved on the hinge post through the lower hinge hole. The pair of upper cranks are respectively disposed at both ends of the upper connecting rod, and the head ends of the pair of upper cranks are respectively fixedly connected to both ends of the upper connecting rod; The pair of lower cranks are respectively disposed at both ends of the lower connecting rod, and the head ends of the pair of lower cranks are respectively fixedly connected to both ends of the lower connecting rod; The pair of upper-side special-shaped guide holes are respectively opened at the tails of the pair of upper-side cranks. The inner cavity width of the upper-side special-shaped guide hole is equal to the outer diameter of the upper-side actuator rod. The upper-side crank is movably sleeved on the upper-side actuator rod through the upper-side special-shaped guide hole; The pair of lower-side special-shaped guide holes are respectively opened at the tails of the pair of lower-side cranks. The inner cavity width of the lower-side special-shaped guide hole is equal to the outer diameter of the lower-side actuator rod. The lower-side crank is movably sleeved on the lower-side actuator rod through the lower-side special-shaped guide hole; The upper-side swing rod is fixedly arranged on the upper-side connecting rod. The upper-side swing rod is perpendicular to the upper-side connecting rod. The upper-side connecting rod is located between the upper-side swing rod and the assembly cylinder; The lower-side swing rod is fixedly arranged on the lower-side connecting rod. The lower-side swing rod is perpendicular to the lower-side connecting rod. The lower-side connecting rod is located between the lower-side swing rod and the assembly cylinder; The surf board is arranged on the upper-side swing rod and the lower-side swing rod. The top of the surf board is hinged to the upper-side swing rod. The bottom of the surf board is hinged to the lower-side swing rod. The surf board is a flexible plate-like member.

2. The experimental demonstration device for slope instability mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The earthquake module includes: a bearing pad, a plurality of first water-permeable holes, a plurality of groups of first vibration blocks, a plurality of groups of second vibration blocks, a plurality of groups of third vibration blocks, a mounting plate, a plurality of second water-permeable holes, a plurality of first springs and a plurality of vibration components; The bearing pad is arranged at the bottom of the slope model. The bearing pad is a soft pad with good ductility and elasticity; The plurality of first water-permeable holes are uniformly opened on the bearing pad; Any group of the first vibration blocks is composed of a plurality of first vibration blocks arranged in a line. The axial section of the first vibration block is trapezoidal. The lower bottoms of any two adjacent first vibration blocks are hinged. The plurality of groups of first vibration blocks are connected end to end to form a "mouth" shape. The cavity surrounded by the plurality of groups of first vibration blocks is an assembly cavity; Any group of the second vibration blocks is composed of a plurality of the second vibration blocks arranged in a line. The axial section of the second vibration block is trapezoidal. The plurality of groups of second vibration blocks are arranged in parallel in the assembly cavity. The plurality of groups of second vibration blocks divide the assembly cavity into a plurality of partition cavities. In any group of the second vibration blocks, the lower bottoms of any two adjacent second vibration blocks are hinged. The lower bottoms of any two adjacent second vibration blocks and the first vibration blocks are hinged; Any group of the third vibration blocks is composed of a plurality of third vibration blocks arranged in a line. The plurality of groups of third vibration blocks are respectively located in a plurality of partition cavities. Any group of the second vibration blocks is located between any two adjacent groups of the third vibration blocks. The axial section of the third vibration block is trapezoidal. In any group of the third vibration blocks, the gap between any two adjacent third vibration blocks is greater than zero. The lower bottoms of any two adjacent third vibration blocks and the second vibration blocks are hinged. The lower bottoms of any two third vibration blocks and the first vibration blocks are hinged; The mounting plate is disposed in the inner cavity of the experimental chamber, the mounting plate is located between the third vibration block and the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the experimental chamber, and the mounting plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the inner cavity of the experimental chamber. The plurality of vibration components are disposed on the experimental chamber and the mounting plate, the plurality of vibration components are respectively connected to the plurality of second vibration blocks and the plurality of third vibration blocks, and the plurality of vibration components are electrically connected to the control device. The plurality of second seepage holes are formed at the bottom of the experimental chamber, and any one of the second seepage holes penetrates the outer wall of the experimental chamber and communicates with the inner cavity of the experimental chamber. The plurality of first springs are disposed on the mounting plate, and the plurality of first springs are respectively connected to the plurality of first vibration blocks for supporting the first vibration blocks.

3. The experimental demonstration device for slope instability mechanism as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The vibration assembly includes: a second spring, a mounting hole, a drive motor, a first crank, and a traction rope; The second spring is disposed on the mounting plate and is connected to either the second vibration block or the third vibration block for supporting the second vibration block or the third vibration block. The mounting hole is formed on the mounting plate, and the mounting hole is matched with the position of the second spring; The drive motor is fixedly mounted on the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the experimental chamber, the position of the drive motor corresponds to the position of the assembly hole, and the drive motor is electrically connected to the control device; One end of the first crank is fixedly connected to the actuator end of the drive motor; One end of the traction rope is connected to the other end of the first crank, and the other end of the traction rope passes through the assembly hole and the second spring in sequence and is fixedly connected to the corresponding second or third vibrating block for pulling the second or third vibrating block.

4. The experimental demonstration device for slope instability mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water supply module includes: a first water pump, a water supply pipe, a water supply valve, a drain pipe, and a drain valve; The first water pump is installed on the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the water tank and is electrically connected to the control device for drawing the aqueous solution in the water tank. The water supply pipe is located on the front side of the experimental chamber. The inlet end of the water supply pipe is connected to the output end of the first water pump, and the outlet end of the water supply pipe passes through the outer wall of the experimental chamber and is connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the saddle cavity of the slope model, so as to transfer the aqueous solution in the water tank to the inner cavity of the experimental chamber. The water supply valve is installed on the water supply pipe and is electrically connected to the control device to control the on / off state of the water supply pipe. The drain pipe is located on the rear side of the experimental box. The inlet end of the drain pipe penetrates the outer wall of the experimental box and communicates with the bottom of the inner cavity of the saddle cavity of the slope model. The outlet end of the drain pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of the water tank, and is used to discharge the aqueous solution in the experimental box into the inner cavity of the water tank. The drain valve is installed on the drain pipe and is electrically connected to the control device to control the opening and closing of the drain pipe.

5. The experimental demonstration device for slope instability mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation module includes: an exhaust box, several air outlets, an air pump, an air inlet box, several air inlets, several windows, and several heaters; The exhaust box is a hollow box, and the exhaust box is fixedly installed on the front side wall of the experimental chamber. The plurality of air outlets are formed on the front side wall of the experimental chamber. The air outlets penetrate the outer wall of the experimental chamber and the outer wall of the exhaust box, connecting the inner cavity of the experimental chamber and the exhaust box. The plurality of air outlets are distributed along the upper edge of the axial section of the slope model and are used to extract air from the inner cavity of the experimental chamber. The air pump is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the exhaust box. The air inlet of the air pump passes through the outer wall of the exhaust box and communicates with the top of the inner cavity of the exhaust box. The air pump is electrically connected to the control device and is used to draw air from the inner cavity of the exhaust box. The air inlet box is a hollow box, and the air inlet box is fixedly installed on the rear side wall of the experimental chamber; The plurality of air inlets are formed on the rear side wall of the experimental chamber. The plurality of air inlets penetrate the outer wall of the experimental chamber and the outer wall of the air inlet box, connecting the inner cavity of the experimental chamber and the air inlet box. The plurality of air inlets are distributed along the upper edge of the axial section of the slope model and are used to input air into the inner cavity of the experimental chamber. The plurality of windows are opened on the top of the air inlet box, and any one of the windows penetrates the outer wall of the air inlet box and communicates with the inner cavity of the air inlet box; The plurality of heaters are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the air inlet box, and the positions of the plurality of heaters correspond one-to-one with the positions of the plurality of windows. The plurality of heaters are electrically connected to the control device and are used to heat the air in the inner cavity of the air inlet box.

6. The experimental demonstration device for slope instability mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rainfall module includes: a rain distribution plate, several water distribution holes, a water supply pipe, and a second water pump; The rain distribution plate is fixedly installed at the top opening of the experimental box. The rain distribution plate corresponds to the position of any half of the slope model. The rain distribution plate is a hollow plate-shaped component. The plurality of water distribution holes are evenly distributed at the bottom of the rain distribution plate, and any one of the water distribution holes penetrates the outer wall of the rain distribution plate and communicates with the inner cavity of the rain distribution plate. The second water pump is installed on the bottom wall of the inner cavity of the water tank and is electrically connected to the control device for drawing the aqueous solution in the water tank. The water supply pipe is located on one side of the experimental chamber. The outlet end of the water supply pipe passes through the outer wall of the rain distribution plate and communicates with the inner cavity of the rain distribution plate. The inlet end of the water supply pipe is connected to the output end of the second water pump, which is used to transfer the aqueous solution in the water tank to the inner cavity of the rain distribution plate.

7. The experimental demonstration device for slope instability mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The plant model is a tree model, which consists of a trunk, roots, and an injection conduit. The trunk protrudes from the outer surface of the half-slope, the roots are buried in the surface soil of the half-slope, the roots are connected to the trunk, and the injection conduit is located on the trunk.

8. The experimental demonstration device for slope instability mechanism as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The trunk portion is composed of several first guide tubes arranged in a radiating pattern, with their tail ends connected. Each first guide tube has a first water-absorbing sponge layer covering its outer surface, and several first guide holes are evenly distributed on its outer surface. Each first guide tube is connected to the injection conduit. The root portion is composed of several second guide tubes arranged in a radiating pattern, with their heads connected to the tail ends of the first guide tubes. Each second guide tube has a second water-absorbing sponge layer covering its outer surface, which is connected to the first water-absorbing sponge layer. Several second guide holes are evenly distributed on the outer surface of each second guide tube.

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