A bolt pre-tightening force detection sensor calibration device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a bolt pre-tightening force detection sensor calibration device and method, relates to the technical field of sensor calibration, and comprises a fixed clamping piece for fixing the end part of a bolt, a screwing sleeve arranged outside a nut, and a rotating rod engaged with the screwing sleeve, the rotating rod is connected with an insertion rod inserted into a rotating cylinder, the insertion rod is connected with a same-position baffle provided with elastic blocks, a sliding plate provided with a standard force sensor is arranged outside the threaded transmission rod, and a rotating sensor alarmer in contact with the rotating rod is arranged in the sliding plate, the bolt end part is fixed by the fixed clamping piece, the bolt is fastened by rotating the nut, the calibration work of an ultrasonic sensor and the fastening work of the nut are simultaneously performed, the work efficiency is improved, the zero point of the ultrasonic sensor and the stopping position of the standard force sensor are determined through the cooperation of the same-position baffle, the elastic blocks and the internal groove body of the rotating cylinder, and the precision of the calibration work of the ultrasonic sensor is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sensor calibration technology, specifically to a calibration device and method for a bolt preload detection sensor. Background Technology

[0002] Bolted connections are a simple, low-cost, and widely used connection method, applied in various industries such as bridges and petrochemicals. Regular or real-time monitoring of bolt preload is crucial for ensuring the reliability of bolted connections and preventing production accidents such as connection failures. Bolt preload detection sensors typically employ ring-type pressure sensors or ultrasonic sensors, and sensor calibration is a critical step in determining the accuracy of preload detection. Existing methods usually employ equipment such as tensile and compressive testing machines to apply force to the bolt or its preload detection sensor. A standard force value is obtained using a standard force sensor on the tensile and compressive testing machine, and the output signal of the preload detection sensor is acquired through a measuring instrument. A mapping relationship between the standard force value and the output signal is established to complete the calibration of the preload detection sensor. This calibration process requires large equipment such as tensile and compressive testing machines, is complex to operate, and has high calibration costs. It is only suitable for laboratory calibration and cannot meet the needs of rapid on-site calibration. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a calibration device and method for a bolt preload detection sensor to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A bolt preload force detection sensor calibration device includes an ultrasonic sensor mounted on the bolt end and electrically connected to a bolt preload force detection system. It also includes a fixing clamp for securing the bolt end, a rotating sleeve sleeved around the outside of a nut, a rotating rod parallel to the bolt axis and extending towards the connected component, and a fixing component detachably mounted on the connected component. The connected component is located between the bolt end and the rotating rod, and the rotating rod and the rotating sleeve are connected by gear teeth meshing on their outer sidewalls. An insertion rod is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating rod away from the bolt end, and the insertion rod is inserted into a component driven by a rotary drive mechanism. In the rotating cylinder, the insertion rod is inserted into the outer side of the rotating cylinder and several corresponding baffles are fixedly connected. An elastic block is fixedly connected to the end of the corresponding baffle away from the insertion rod. The end of the rotating cylinder near the rotating rod is provided with a first slot for the insertion rod to be inserted. The corresponding baffle is located in the first slot. Several first pushing slots for the elastic blocks to be inserted one by one are connected to the outside of the first slot. The rotation drive mechanism is connected to a translation drive mechanism that pulls it to slide towards the rotating rod. The end of the first slot away from the rotating rod is connected to a second slot. Several second pushing slots for the corresponding baffles to be inserted one by one are connected to the second slot.

[0006] A rotary drive motor that drives the threaded transmission rod to rotate is installed on the fixing component. The threaded transmission rod and the rotating rod, which are parallel to each other on the same side of the connected components, are located on the same side of the connected components. The threaded transmission rod is fitted with a sliding plate that slides towards or away from the bolt under its rotation. A standard force sensor that is pressed against the tail of the bolt is fixedly installed on the sliding plate. The standard force sensor is electrically connected to a force signal acquisition device. The sliding plate has a through groove for the rotating rod to pass through. A rotation sensor alarm that detects the rotation of the rotating rod is installed in the through groove. The rotation sensor alarm sounds an alarm when it detects that the rotating rod has stopped rotating, so that the rotary drive motor controls the standard force sensor to be pressed against the tail of the bolt.

[0007] Preferably, the end of the rotating sleeve away from the bolt end is fixedly connected to a sleeve baffle, and the sleeve baffle has a through hole for the bolt to pass through.

[0008] Preferably, the fixing clamp is fixedly mounted on the first fixing plate, and the first fixing plate is fixedly mounted on the fixed base plate.

[0009] Preferably, the fixed base plate is fixedly connected to a second fixed plate, and the bolt is located between the first fixed plate and the second fixed plate. The rotating rod rotates through the second fixed plate, and guide bearings for the rotating rod to pass through are fixedly installed on both sides of the second fixed plate.

[0010] Preferably, two limiting baffles are fixedly connected at intervals on the rotating rod, and two guide bearings are located between the two limiting baffles.

[0011] Preferably, the rotary drive mechanism is a rotary motor, and the output end of the rotary motor is fixedly connected to the rotating cylinder; the translation drive mechanism is a linear motor, and the output end of the linear motor is fixedly connected to a push-pull plate, and the rotary motor is fixedly mounted on the push-pull plate.

[0012] Preferably, the linear motor is fixedly mounted on a fixed base plate, and the second fixed plate is fixedly connected to a guide rod that slides through the push-pull plate.

[0013] Preferably, the fixing member includes two spaced positioning plates, which are clamped between the two positioning plates by the connecting member, and one positioning plate is fixedly connected to a positioning bolt passing through the other positioning plate, and a positioning nut is sleeved on the end of the positioning bolt away from the positioning plate to which it is fixedly connected.

[0014] Preferably, the sensing end of the rotation sensor alarm is fixedly connected to a sensing pad, and the sensing pad is pressed against the rotating rod.

[0015] A method for calibrating a bolt preload detection sensor, used in the aforementioned bolt preload detection sensor calibration device, includes the following steps:

[0016] A. Install the fixing clamp on the end of the bolt, and put the turning sleeve on the nut. Control the standard force sensor on the sliding plate to move away from the tail of the bolt by rotating the drive motor.

[0017] B. The position of the rotating cylinder is adjusted by the translation drive mechanism so that the corresponding baffle is located in the first slot. Then, the rotating cylinder is controlled to rotate by the rotation drive mechanism. The rotating cylinder drives the rotating rod to rotate through the cooperation of the first push groove and the elastic block. The rotating rod drives the nut to move closer to the connected part by turning the sleeve.

[0018] C, until the nut contacts the connected part, the rotating cylinder can no longer drive the rotating rod to rotate through the cooperation of the first push groove and the elastic block. The rotation drive motor drives the standard force sensor to contact the tail of the bolt, records the characteristic value signal obtained by the bolt preload detection system at this time, and uses it as the zero point of the ultrasonic sensor.

[0019] D. The position of the rotating cylinder is adjusted by the translation drive mechanism so that the corresponding baffle is located in the second push groove. The rotating cylinder continues to drive the rotating rod to rotate through the cooperation of the second push groove and the corresponding baffle. The rotating rod drives the nut to tighten the bolt by turning the sleeve. The characteristic value signal obtained by the bolt preload detection system and the standard force value obtained by the force signal acquisition device are recorded multiple times. The ultrasonic sensor is calibrated by the mapping relationship between the characteristic value signal and the standard force value.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] The bolt preload detection sensor calibration device and method of the present invention, when calibrating an ultrasonic sensor, fixes the bolt end with a clamping device and tightens the bolt by rotating the nut, thus performing the ultrasonic sensor calibration and nut tightening simultaneously. Compared with testing in a laboratory using a large tensile and compressive testing machine, this method can quickly complete the ultrasonic sensor calibration and bolt tightening on-site, greatly improving work efficiency. Furthermore, through the coordinated arrangement of the corresponding baffle, elastic block, and internal groove of the rotating cylinder, the critical point at which the nut begins to tighten the bolt can be determined in a timely manner, thereby facilitating the determination of the zero point of the ultrasonic sensor and the stopping position of the standard force sensor, and improving the accuracy of the ultrasonic sensor calibration. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a frontal cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the connection between the insertion rod and the rotating cylinder;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the elastic block inserted into the first pushing groove in this invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the threaded transmission rod and the sliding plate in this invention;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the rotating rod passing through the second fixed plate;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sleeve locking the nut in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the state in which the nut tightens the bolt in this invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the corresponding baffle inserted into the second pushing groove in this invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1 Bolt, 2 Fixing clamp, 3 Nut, 4 Tightening sleeve, 5 Sleeve baffle, 6 Rotating rod, 61 Limiting baffle, 7 Insertion rod, 8 Corresponding baffle, 81 Elastic block, 9 Rotating cylinder, 91 First slot, 92 First pushing groove, 93 Second slot, 94 Second pushing groove, 10 Threaded transmission rod, 11 Rotary drive motor, 12 Sliding plate, 121 Through groove, 13 Standard force sensor, 14 Rotation sensor alarm, 15 First fixing plate, 16 Fixed base plate, 17 Second fixing plate, 18 Guide bearing, 19 Positioning plate, 20 Positioning bolt, 21 Positioning nut, 22 Rotary motor, 23 Linear motor, 24 Push-pull plate, 25 Guide rod, 26 Sensing pad. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Please see Figure 1-9 The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0034] Example 1:

[0035] A bolt preload detection sensor calibration device includes an ultrasonic sensor installed at the end of the bolt 1 and electrically connected to a bolt preload detection system. The ultrasonic sensor installed at the end of the bolt 1 measures and acquires characteristic value signals representing the preload state of the bolt 1 in real time, and transmits the characteristic value signals to the bolt preload detection system. It is common knowledge in the field to use an ultrasonic sensor to detect the preload of the bolt 1, and will not be described in detail here. The device also includes a fixing clamp 2 for fixing the end of the bolt 1, a rotating sleeve 4 sleeved on the outside of the nut 3, a rotating rod 6 parallel to the axial direction of the bolt 1 and extending toward the connected part, and a fixing member detachably installed on the connected part. The connected part is located between the end of the bolt 1 and the rotating rod 6. The fixing clamp 2 is a clamping sleeve that fits with the bolt 1. When detecting the preload of the bolt 1, the fixing clamp 2 is first clamped on the bolt 1 so that the bolt 1 is kept fixed.

[0036] The inner wall of the rotating sleeve 4 and the outer wall of the nut 3 are tightly fitted, meaning there is a large friction between the rotating sleeve 4 and the nut 3, making them difficult to separate. This allows the rotating sleeve 4 to rotate along with the nut 3 during rotation, thereby causing the nut 3 to rotate on the bolt 1 and tighten the bolt 1. Furthermore, a sleeve baffle 5 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating sleeve 4 away from the bolt 1, and the sleeve baffle 5 has a through hole for the bolt 1 to pass through. The sleeve baffle 5 with the through hole guides and limits the rotating sleeve 4, so that the axial direction of the rotating sleeve 4, the nut 3 and the bolt 1 is aligned, making it easy to fit the rotating sleeve 4 on the outside of the nut 3.

[0037] A rotary drive motor 11, which drives the threaded transmission rod 10 to rotate, is fixedly mounted on the fastener. The rotary drive motor 11 is a bidirectional motor capable of forward and reverse rotation. The threaded transmission rod 10 and the rotating rod 6, whose axes are parallel, are located on the same side of the connected parts. A sliding plate 12 is fitted around the threaded transmission rod 10, which slides towards or away from the bolt 1 under its rotation. Specifically, there are two threaded transmission rods 10 driven to rotate by the rotary drive motor 11, and the sliding plate 12 has internal thread grooves that thread into each of the two threaded transmission rods 10. The threaded transmission rods 10 pass through the sliding plate 12. The internal thread groove is driven by a rotary drive motor 11, which drives the thread transmission rod 10 to rotate, causing the sliding plate 12 to slide towards or away from the bolt 1. A standard force sensor 13 is fixedly installed at one end of the sliding plate 12 near the bolt 1, and the standard force sensor 13 is electrically connected to the force signal acquisition device. The standard force sensor 13 is a pressure sensor. The standard force sensor 13 bears the pressure from the tail of the bolt 1 to form a standard force value, and transmits the standard force value to the force signal acquisition device. The ultrasonic sensor is calibrated by mapping the characteristic value signal and the standard force value.

[0038] Before the nut 3 moves to the connected part, the bolt 1 is in an untightened state. At this time, the thread transmission rod 10 is rotated by the rotary drive motor 11, causing the sliding plate 12 to move the standard force sensor 13 away from the tail of the bolt 1, making it easier to put the tightening sleeve 4 onto the nut 3. When the nut 3 moves to contact the connected part under the action of the tightening sleeve 4, the bolt 1 begins to be tightened. The thread transmission rod 10 is rotated by the rotary drive motor 11, causing the sliding plate 12 to move the standard force sensor 13 closer to the tail of the bolt 1, until the standard force sensor 13 is against the tail of the bolt 1, and the standard force sensor 13 only contacts the tail of the bolt 1 without being subjected to compression from the tail of the bolt 1. Force (or zeroing the standard force sensor 13 via the zeroing button) is applied to the bolt 1 as the nut 3 continues to rotate to enhance the tightening of the bolt 1. The nut 3 presses against the connected parts, which are integrated with the fixing parts, the rotary drive motor 11, and the threaded transmission rod 10 mounted on the rotary drive motor 11. The threaded transmission rod 10 is integrated with the sliding plate 12 through the threaded self-locking effect, thereby enabling the standard force sensor 13 to detect the preload of the bolt 1 during the tightening process of the nut 3. In addition, the sliding plate 12, which slides under the transmission action of the threaded transmission rod 10, can easily find a suitable position, thus enabling this device to adapt to bolts 1 with various axial lengths.

[0039] The rotating rod 6 and the rotating sleeve 4 are connected by meshing gear teeth on their outer side walls. An insertion rod 7 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating rod 6 away from the bolt 1. The insertion rod 7 is inserted into the rotating cylinder 9, which is driven to rotate by a rotary drive mechanism. Several corresponding baffles 8 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the insertion rod 7 inserted into the rotating cylinder 9. An elastic block 81 is fixedly connected to the end of the corresponding baffle 8 away from the insertion rod 7. A first slot 91 for the insertion rod 7 is opened at the end of the rotating cylinder 9 near the rotating rod 6. The corresponding baffle 8 is located in the first slot 91. Several first push grooves 92 are connected to the outside of the first slot 91 for the elastic blocks 81 to be inserted one by one. The corresponding baffle 8 is inserted along with the insertion rod 7. In the first slot 91, the elastic block 81 on the corresponding baffle 8 is inserted into the first push groove 92. The rotating cylinder 9 drives the corresponding baffle 8 and the insertion rod 7 to rotate through the push cooperation between the first push groove 92 and the elastic block 81. The insertion rod 7 drives the rotating sleeve 4 to rotate through the rotating rod 6, thereby causing the nut 3 to move spirally on the bolt 1 rod until the nut 3 moves to abut against the connected part. At this time, the nut 3 is blocked by the connected part. The push cooperation between the first push groove 92 and the elastic block 81 alone cannot provide enough push force, so the insertion rod 7 cannot continue to rotate with the rotating cylinder 9. The rotating rod 6, the rotating sleeve 4 and the nut 3 all stop rotating.

[0040] The sliding plate 12 has a through groove 121 through which the rotating rod 6 passes. A rotation sensor alarm 14 is installed in the through groove 121 to detect the rotation of the rotating rod 6. The rotation sensor alarm 14 monitors the rotation status of the rotating rod 6 in real time. When the rotation sensor alarm 14 detects that the rotating rod 6 has stopped rotating, it sounds an alarm to remind the operator that the nut 3 has moved to the position to tighten the bolt 1. Then, the rotary drive motor 11 is started, causing the standard force sensor 13 to abut against the tail of the bolt 1. The rotation sensor alarm 14 can be composed of a miniature vibration switch (model S008) and a buzzer electrically connected. The miniature vibration switch disconnects when receiving a vibration signal, causing the buzzer to stop working; conversely, the miniature vibration switch closes when not receiving a vibration signal, causing the buzzer to work. The sensing end of the vibration switch is pressed against the outer side of the rotating rod 6. During the rotation of the rotating rod 6, it continuously comes into dynamic friction contact with the miniature vibration switch, causing the miniature vibration switch to be in a vibrating state and the buzzer to not work. When the rotating rod 6 stops rotating, the sensing end of the miniature vibration switch is stably fixed on the outer wall of the rotating rod 6. The miniature vibration switch stops vibrating and controls the buzzer to work. Further, the sensing end of the rotation sensor alarm 14 is fixedly connected to the sensing pad 26, and the sensing pad 26 is pressed against the rotating rod 6. That is, the sensing end of the miniature vibration switch is fixedly connected to the sensing pad 26. During the rotation of the rotating rod 6, the sensing end of the miniature vibration switch is driven to vibrate through the sensing pad 26. The setting of the sensing pad 26 has a protective effect on the miniature vibration switch.

[0041] The rotary drive mechanism is connected to a translation drive mechanism that pulls it to slide closer to the rotating rod 6. The end of the first slot 91 away from the rotating rod 6 is connected to a second slot 93. The second slot 93 is connected to several second push slots 94 for the corresponding baffles 8 to be inserted one by one. After the standard force sensor 13 is attached to the tail of the bolt 1, the translation drive mechanism drives the rotating cylinder 9 to slide closer to the rotating rod 6 through the rotary drive mechanism. This causes the rotating cylinder 9 to slide until the corresponding baffles 8 are inserted into the second push slots 94. The push cooperation between the corresponding baffles 8 and the second push slots 94 causes the rotating cylinder 9 to drive the insertion rod 7 and the rotating rod 6 to rotate. The rotating rod 6 drives the nut 3 to continue rotating by turning the sleeve 4, thereby tightening the bolt 1 with the nut 3.

[0042] Example 2:

[0043] Example 2 discloses the installation of the fixing clamp 2 and other mechanisms based on Example 1. Specifically, the fixing clamp 2 is fixedly installed on the first fixing plate 15, and the first fixing plate 15 is fixedly installed on the fixed base plate 16. The fixed base plate 16 is fixed to an external fixed object by fastening mechanisms such as bolts. The fixing clamp 2 is fixed by the cooperation of the first fixing plate 15 and the fixed base plate 16, thereby fixing the end of the fixing clamp 2 to the bolt 1.

[0044] Furthermore, a second fixing plate 17 is fixedly connected to the fixed base plate 16, and bolt 1 is located between the first fixing plate 15 and the second fixing plate 17. The rotating rod 6 rotates through the second fixing plate 17, and guide bearings 18 for the rotating rod 6 to pass through are fixedly installed on both sides of the second fixing plate 17. The setting of guide bearings 18 improves the stability of the rotating rod 6 during rotation. Two limiting baffles 61 are fixedly connected at intervals on the rotating rod 6, and the two guide bearings 18 are located between the two limiting baffles 61. The setting of limiting baffles 61 limits the rotating rod 6 and avoids the problem of axial displacement of the rotating rod 6.

[0045] Furthermore, the rotary drive mechanism is a rotary motor 22, and the output end of the rotary motor 22 is fixedly connected to the rotating cylinder 9, so that the rotary motor 22 drives the rotating cylinder 9 to rotate. The translation drive mechanism is a linear motor 23, and the output end of the linear motor 23 is fixedly connected to a push-pull plate 24. The rotary motor 22 is fixedly mounted on the push-pull plate 24, so that the linear motor 23 drives the rotary motor 22 and the rotating cylinder 9 to translate through the push-pull plate 24. The linear motor 23 is fixedly mounted on the fixed base plate 16, and the second fixed plate 17 is fixedly connected to a guide rod 25 that slides through the push-pull plate 24. The guide rod 25 guides and limits the translation process of the push-pull plate 24, thereby improving the stability of the translation process of the push-pull plate 24.

[0046] The fastener includes two spaced positioning plates 19. The connected component is clamped between the two positioning plates 19. The rotary drive motor 11 is fixedly mounted on the positioning plate 19 away from the end of the bolt 1. One positioning plate 19 is fixedly connected to a positioning bolt 20 that passes through the other positioning plate 19. The end of the positioning bolt 20 away from the positioning plate 19 to which it is fixedly connected is fitted with a positioning nut 21. By tightening the positioning nut 21, the two positioning plates 19 are firmly clamped on the connected component, thereby fixing the rotary drive motor 11.

[0047] A method for calibrating a bolt preload detection sensor, used in the aforementioned bolt preload detection sensor calibration device, includes the following steps:

[0048] A. Install the fixing clamp 2 on the end of the bolt 1, and put the screwing sleeve 4 on the nut 3. Control the standard force sensor 13 on the sliding plate 12 to move away from the tail of the bolt 1 by rotating the drive motor 11.

[0049] B. The position of the rotating cylinder 9 is adjusted by the translation drive mechanism so that the corresponding baffle 8 is located in the first slot 91. Then, the rotating cylinder 9 is controlled to rotate by the rotation drive mechanism. The rotating cylinder 9 drives the rotating rod 6 to rotate by the cooperation of the first push groove 92 and the elastic block 81. The rotating rod 6 drives the nut 3 to move closer to the connected part by turning the sleeve 4.

[0050] C, until the nut 3 contacts the connected part, the rotating cylinder 9 can no longer drive the rotating rod 6 to rotate through the cooperation of the first push groove 92 and the elastic block 81. The rotation drive motor 11 drives the standard force sensor 13 to contact the tail of the bolt 1, records the characteristic value signal obtained by the bolt preload detection system at this time, and uses it as the zero point of the ultrasonic sensor.

[0051] D. The position of the rotating cylinder 9 is adjusted by the translation drive mechanism so that the corresponding baffle 8 is located in the second push groove 94. The rotating cylinder 9 continues to drive the rotating rod 6 to rotate through the cooperation of the second push groove 94 and the corresponding baffle 8. The rotating rod 6 drives the nut 3 to tighten the bolt 1 by turning the sleeve 4. The characteristic value signal obtained by the bolt preload detection system and the standard force value obtained by the force signal acquisition device are recorded multiple times. The ultrasonic sensor is calibrated by the mapping relationship between the characteristic value signal and the standard force value.

[0052] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A calibration device for a bolt preload detection sensor, comprising an ultrasonic sensor mounted on the end of the bolt and electrically connected to a bolt preload detection system, characterized in that: It also includes a fixing clamp for fixing the bolt end, a rotating sleeve sleeved on the outside of the nut, a rotating rod parallel to the bolt axis and extending toward the connected part, and a fixing member detachably installed on the connected part. The connected part is located between the bolt end and the rotating rod, and the rotating rod and the rotating sleeve are connected by gear teeth meshing on their outer side walls. An insertion rod is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating rod away from the bolt end, and the insertion rod is inserted into a rotating cylinder driven by a rotating drive mechanism. Several corresponding baffles are fixedly connected to the outside of the rod body of the insertion rod inserted into the rotating cylinder, and an elastic block is fixedly connected to the end of the corresponding baffle away from the insertion rod. A first slot for the insertion rod to be inserted is opened at the end of the rotating cylinder near the rotating rod, and the corresponding baffle is located in the first slot. Several first push slots for the elastic blocks to be inserted one by one are connected to the outside of the first slot. The rotating drive mechanism is connected to a translation drive mechanism that pulls it to slide toward the rotating rod. A second slot is connected to the end of the first slot away from the rotating rod, and several second push slots for the corresponding baffles to be inserted one by one are connected to the second slot. A rotary drive motor that drives the threaded transmission rod to rotate is installed on the fixing component. The threaded transmission rod and the rotating rod, which are parallel to each other on the same side of the connected components, are located on the same side of the connected components. The threaded transmission rod is fitted with a sliding plate that slides towards or away from the bolt under its rotation. A standard force sensor that is pressed against the tail of the bolt is fixedly installed on the sliding plate. The standard force sensor is electrically connected to a force signal acquisition device. The sliding plate has a through groove for the rotating rod to pass through. A rotation sensor alarm that detects the rotation of the rotating rod is installed in the through groove. The rotation sensor alarm sounds an alarm when it detects that the rotating rod has stopped rotating, so that the rotary drive motor controls the standard force sensor to be pressed against the tail of the bolt.

2. The bolt preload detection sensor calibration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the rotating sleeve away from the bolt end is fixedly connected to a sleeve baffle, and the sleeve baffle has a through hole for the bolt to pass through.

3. The bolt preload detection sensor calibration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing clamp is fixedly installed on the first fixing plate, and the first fixing plate is fixedly installed on the fixed base plate.

4. The bolt preload detection sensor calibration device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixed base plate is fixedly connected to a second fixed plate, and the bolt is located between the first fixed plate and the second fixed plate. The rotating rod rotates through the second fixed plate, and guide bearings for the rotating rod to pass through are fixedly installed on both sides of the second fixed plate.

5. The bolt preload detection sensor calibration device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two limiting baffles are fixedly connected at intervals on the rotating rod, and two guide bearings are located between the two limiting baffles.

6. The bolt preload detection sensor calibration device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotary drive mechanism is a rotary motor, and the output end of the rotary motor is fixedly connected to the rotating cylinder. The translation drive mechanism is a linear motor, and the output end of the linear motor is fixedly connected to a push-pull plate, and the rotary motor is fixedly mounted on the push-pull plate.

7. The bolt preload detection sensor calibration device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The linear motor is fixedly mounted on the fixed base plate, and the second fixed plate is fixedly connected to a guide rod that slides through the push-pull plate.

8. The bolt preload detection sensor calibration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fastener includes two spaced positioning plates, which are clamped between the two positioning plates by the connector. One positioning plate is fixedly connected to a positioning bolt that passes through the other positioning plate, and a positioning nut is fitted on the end of the positioning bolt away from the positioning plate it is fixedly connected to.

9. The bolt preload detection sensor calibration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensing end of the rotation sensor alarm is fixedly connected to a sensing pad, and the sensing pad is pressed against the rotating rod.

10. A method for calibrating a bolt preload detection sensor, used in the bolt preload detection sensor calibration device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A. Install the fixing clamp on the end of the bolt, and put the turning sleeve on the nut. Control the standard force sensor on the sliding plate to move away from the tail of the bolt by rotating the drive motor. B. The position of the rotating cylinder is adjusted by the translation drive mechanism so that the corresponding baffle is located in the first slot. Then, the rotating cylinder is controlled to rotate by the rotation drive mechanism. The rotating cylinder drives the rotating rod to rotate through the cooperation of the first push groove and the elastic block. The rotating rod drives the nut to move closer to the connected part by turning the sleeve. C, until the nut contacts the connected part, the rotating cylinder can no longer drive the rotating rod to rotate through the cooperation of the first push groove and the elastic block. The rotation drive motor drives the standard force sensor to contact the tail of the bolt, records the characteristic value signal obtained by the bolt preload detection system at this time, and uses it as the zero point of the ultrasonic sensor. D. The position of the rotating cylinder is adjusted by the translation drive mechanism so that the corresponding baffle is located in the second push groove. The rotating cylinder continues to drive the rotating rod to rotate through the cooperation of the second push groove and the corresponding baffle. The rotating rod drives the nut to tighten the bolt by turning the sleeve. The characteristic value signal obtained by the bolt preload detection system and the standard force value obtained by the force signal acquisition device are recorded multiple times. The ultrasonic sensor is calibrated by the mapping relationship between the characteristic value signal and the standard force value.

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