A method and system for lightning location

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of lightning monitoring, and particularly relates to a lightning positioning method and system. According to the application process, the serial mode of lightning positioning calculation is converted into a parallel mode through the steps of task division, grouping and recycling of non-participating calculation data, the calculation time is compressed, the utilization rate of lightning detection original data is higher, and the omission of key data is avoided. The grouping process with screening greatly reduces the number of groups involved in single calculation results, thereby eliminating the encountered block points in the execution of the calculation process of the equipment, eliminating the interference of redundant data on calculation, and greatly improving the detection efficiency of the lightning positioning system. It is suitable for popularization in lightning positioning projects.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of lightning monitoring, and discloses a lightning positioning method and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] The lightning positioning system has been widely used in China for many years and plays an important role in disaster prevention and reduction in the power and meteorological industries. The basic principle of lightning positioning is to obtain the time, location and other key information of lightning occurrence by receiving and processing the raw lightning data obtained by multiple distributed lightning detection stations.

[0003] In order to obtain as accurate lightning information as possible, it is necessary to increase the number of stations in the monitoring area and obtain massive data. If the massive data is not screened and all arranged for positioning calculation, the calculation amount is astronomical, which seriously affects the detection efficiency. Although the current positioning calculation method is relatively mature, including time difference method, direction method, grid search method, etc., the screening of raw data and calculation results is still not perfect, and relevant data is relatively scarce. The staff often adopts the divide-and-conquer idea to process massive data in stages, and decomposes large problems into specific small problems for processing in stages, but how to divide and conquer to avoid the omission of key data leading to inaccurate calculation results and the retention of redundant data slowing down the calculation efficiency, so as to improve the detection efficiency and accuracy of the lightning positioning system is still a technical problem that needs to be solved by the technical personnel in the field. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above problems, the application provides a lightning positioning method (see Figure 1 ), and the specific scheme comprises the following steps:

[0005] S1. The raw lightning detection data is formatted into a two-dimensional table type data group in chronological order to obtain an original data table.

[0006] S2. Calculate the distance difference between any two monitoring stations, and obtain the maximum time difference Δt of receiving the same lightning signal between the corresponding stations according to the distance difference; according to the time stamp information in the original data table, divide the data into tasks according to a preset interval time ΔT, wherein the ΔT is greater than the maximum value in the Δt.

[0007] S3. In each task, take the station that receives the lightning signal first as the reference station, and for each lightning signal received by the reference station, generate a large group by adding the lightning detection data of other stations that receive the lightning signal within a time difference of Δt from the reference station. Perform a full permutation operation on the lightning detection data of the large group according to the stations involved to form multiple columns of lightning detection data, where each column of lightning detection data is a small group. According to the computing capacity of the device and the positioning time limit, set the maximum number of small groups participating in lightning positioning calculation. When the actual number of small groups formed exceeds the maximum number of small groups, preset the proportion of the number of stations in the station group to the total number of stations, and select the high-concentration station group with the highest geographical location concentration of the stations involved. The data of the high-concentration station group constitutes a new large group, and the small group and selection program are operated in a loop until the actual number of small groups formed does not exceed the maximum number of small groups.

[0008] S4. Perform lightning positioning calculation according to the lightning detection data of each small group to obtain the calculation results of the time, location, and current of the lightning. Back-propagate the calculation results to obtain the arrival time or azimuth angle that should be measured by each station. Perform chi-square test on the arrival time or azimuth angle and the actual measurement data of each station, and select the calculation result corresponding to the smallest chi-square value as the positioning result.

[0009] Preferably, after the steps S1-S4 are executed, the method further comprises a step S5: S5. Repeat the steps S3-S4 for the data in the original data table that does not participate in lightning positioning calculation, and perform a de-duplication operation on the positioning results. Store the de-duplicated positioning results as the final positioning results in a lightning positioning result data table, and synchronize the final positioning results to the corresponding lightning monitoring application platform. In the step S1, the data in the original data table is divided into positive polarity data and negative polarity data. The steps S2-S5 are performed for the positive polarity data and the negative polarity data, respectively.

[0010] Preferably, the proportion is 50%.

[0011] Preferably, in the step S2, the distance between the stations participating in the positioning calculation is within 2000KM, and ΔT is preset to 10ms.

[0012] Preferably, the de-duplication operation is as follows: when the time difference between two or more positioning results does not exceed 1μs and the position difference between the two results does not exceed 1000m, perform chi-square test, and select the positioning result with the smallest chi-square value.

[0013] To implement the above method, the application also provides a lightning positioning system, which comprises the following functional modules:

[0014] A data preprocessing module is configured to perform S1. Format the original lightning detection data into a two-dimensional table type data group in chronological order to obtain an original data table.

[0015] a task division module, configured to calculate, in S2, a distance difference between any two monitoring stations, and obtain a maximum time difference Δt of receiving the same lightning signal between the corresponding stations according to the distance difference; and divide the data in the original data table into tasks according to a preset interval time ΔT according to the time stamp information in the original data table, wherein the ΔT is greater than the maximum value in the Δt;

[0016] a grouping module, configured to, in S3, take the station that receives the lightning signal first in each task as a reference station, and for each lightning signal received by the reference station, correspondingly generate a lightning detection data, and then add lightning detection data of other stations that receive the lightning signal within the time difference Δt from the reference station to generate a large group, and perform a full permutation operation on the lightning detection data of the large group according to the stations involved in the large group to form multiple columns of lightning detection data, wherein each column of lightning detection data is a small group; according to the operation capacity of the equipment and the positioning time limit, set a maximum number of small groups participating in lightning positioning operation, when the actual number of small groups formed exceeds the maximum number of small groups, preset a proportion of the number of stations in a station group to the total number of stations, and select a high-concentration station group with the largest concentration degree of the geographical positions of the stations involved, and the data of the high-concentration station group constitutes a new large group, and the grouping and selection procedures are repeatedly operated until the actual number of small groups formed does not exceed the maximum number of small groups.

[0017] a positioning calculation module, configured to, in S4, perform lightning positioning calculation according to the lightning detection data of each small group to obtain calculation results of the time, position and current of lightning occurrence; and reversely deduce the arrival time or azimuth angle that should be measured by each station according to the calculation results, and perform a chi-square test on the arrival time or azimuth angle and the actual measurement data of each station, and select the calculation result corresponding to the minimum chi-square value as the positioning result.

[0018] Preferably, the method further comprises a data post-processing module, configured to perform S5 after the steps S1-S4 are executed: S5. Repeat the steps S3-S4 on the data in the original data table that does not participate in lightning positioning calculation, and perform a deduplication operation on the positioning results, and store the deduplicated positioning results as the final positioning results in a lightning positioning result data table, and synchronize the final positioning results to the corresponding lightning monitoring application platform; the data preprocessing module further comprises a program for dividing the data in the original data table into positive polarity data and negative polarity data; and the steps S2-S5 are performed on the positive polarity data and the negative polarity data in the original data table respectively.

[0019] Preferably, the proportion is 50% of the data of the large group.

[0020] Preferably, the distance between the stations participating in the positioning calculation in the task division module is within 2000 km, and the ΔT is preset to be 10 ms.

[0021] Preferably, the data post-processing module performs a de-duplication operation as follows: when the time difference of two or more positioning results does not exceed 1 microsecond and the position difference of the two results does not exceed 1000 meters, a chi-square test is performed, and the positioning result with the smallest chi-square is selected.

[0022] In the formula, the distance between each site participating in positioning calculation is within 2000 KM because the earth is a sphere, and sites beyond this range may not receive the lightning signal, and the error of electromagnetic wave propagation along the earth's surface arc and straight line propagation must also be considered, resulting in further increase in calculation amount;

[0023] Therefore, based on the maximum value of Delta t within the range of 2000 KM = 2000 / 300000 = 0.00667s = 6.67ms, Delta T is preset to 10ms.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] By dividing tasks, grouping and recycling data not participating in calculation according to the process of the present application, the serial mode of lightning positioning calculation is converted into a parallel mode, which not only compresses the calculation time but also makes the utilization rate of lightning detection raw data higher, avoiding the omission of key data; the grouping process with screening greatly reduces the number of groups involved in a single calculation result, thereby eliminating the bottleneck encountered in the execution of the calculation process by the device and eliminating the interference of redundant data on the calculation, which can greatly improve the detection efficiency of the lightning positioning system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 The figure is a lightning positioning flowchart in the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 The figure is a lightning detection data grouping diagram in the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 The figure is a large group screening diagram according to site position aggregation in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. The described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making innovative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0030] As shown in Figures 1-3 An embodiment of a lightning positioning method:

[0031] The raw data collected from each lightning detection site is divided into positive polarity data and negative polarity data; since a large amount of data is negative, only the negative polarity data in Table 1 is grouped, and the operation principle of the positive polarity data is completely the same, and thus is not described herein.

[0032] Table 1 Raw data

[0033]

[0034]

[0035] For the raw data in Table 1, ΔT = 10 ms is selected, and 11 tasks listed in Table 2 are obtained.

[0036] Table 2 Task grouping

[0037]

[0038]

[0039] Taking the second task R2 as an example, g = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12} is obtained according to the large group screening method of the present application.

[0040] Table 3 Large group grouping

[0041] Large group number Original data sequence number contained by large group G1 {3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12}

[0042] Taking the large group G1 as an example, further grouping is performed to obtain g = {3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12}. Since the data from sequence number 3 to sequence number 12 in the raw data are from different lightning detection sites, there is only one group in the full permutation of the G1 large group.

[0043] The data in Table 1 after grouping is called a conventional bit calculation module, and the first lightning positioning result in Table 4 is obtained through a chi-square test.

[0044] The same method is used to calculate the lightning detection data in task 3 in parallel, and the second lightning positioning result in Table 4 is obtained after the de-duplication operation.

[0045] Table 4 Lightning positioning result

[0046]

[0047] Since a lightning positioning system is only described in the form of a functional module, the specific implementation process is completely consistent with the above embodiment, and thus is not described herein.

[0048] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present application can be readily used as software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware. In a software embodiment, various software modules are stored in memory (such as RAM, ROM, etc.) and executed by one or more general-purpose or special-purpose processors. In a hardware embodiment, various functions are performed by various hardware components. In an embodiment that is a combination of software and hardware, various functions are performed by a combination of software modules and hardware components.

[0049] The present application is described in reference to the drawings using a flowchart and / or a block diagram of the method, apparatus (system) and computer program product according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart and / or block diagram, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processing device or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram block or blocks.

[0050] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer- readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the function specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram block or blocks.

[0051] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram block or blocks. Figure 1 one or more functions specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram block or blocks.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned merely provides preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or equivalent replaced by one skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for lightning location, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1. Format the raw lightning detection data into a two-dimensional table type data group in chronological order to obtain the raw data table; S2. Calculate the distance difference between any two monitoring stations, and obtain the maximum time difference Δt between the corresponding stations receiving the same lightning signal based on the distance difference; divide the data into tasks according to the preset interval time ΔT based on the timestamp information in the original data table, wherein ΔT is greater than the maximum value in Δt; S3. In each task segment, the station that first receives the lightning signal is used as the reference station. For each lightning signal received by the reference station, there is a corresponding lightning detection data. Then, lightning detection data from other stations whose time difference with the reference station is less than Δt are added to generate a large group. The lightning detection data of the large group are then permuted according to the stations involved in the large group to form multiple columns of lightning detection data, where each column of lightning detection data is a small group. The maximum number of small groups participating in the lightning positioning calculation is set according to the computing power of the equipment and the positioning time limit. When the actual number of small groups exceeds the maximum number of small groups, the proportion of the number of stations in the preset station group to the total number of stations is used to filter out the high-density station group with the highest geographical concentration of the involved stations. The data of the high-density station group constitutes a new large group. The small grouping and filtering procedure is repeated until the actual number of small groups does not exceed the maximum number of small groups. S4. Perform lightning location calculations based on the lightning detection data of each group to obtain the calculation results of the time, location and current of the lightning occurrence; use the calculation results to deduce the arrival time or azimuth angle that should be measured for each station involved, perform a chi-square test on the arrival time or azimuth angle and the measured data of each station, and select the calculation result corresponding to the smallest chi-square as the location result.

2. The method for lightning location according to claim 1, characterized in that, After steps S1-S4 are completed, step S5 is also included: S5. Repeat steps S3-S4 for the data in the original data table that did not participate in the lightning location calculation, and then perform deduplication on the location results. Store the deduplicated location results as the final location results in the lightning location result data table and synchronize them to the corresponding lightning monitoring application platform. Step S1 also includes the step of dividing the data in the original data table into positive polarity data and negative polarity data. Steps S2-S5 are performed for the positive polarity data and negative polarity data in the original data table respectively.

3. The method for lightning location according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ratio is 50%.

4. The method for lightning location according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S2, the distance between the stations participating in the positioning calculation is within 2000KM, and ΔT is preset to 10ms.

5. The method for lightning location according to claim 4, characterized in that, The deduplication operation is as follows: when the time difference between two or more positioning results does not exceed 1 μs and the position difference between the two results does not exceed 1000 m, a chi-square test is performed, and the positioning result with the smallest chi-square value is selected.

6. A lightning location system, characterized in that... Includes the following functional modules: The data preprocessing module is used to format the raw lightning detection data into a two-dimensional table type data group in chronological order to obtain the raw data table; The task sub-module is used to calculate the distance difference between any two monitoring stations, and based on the distance difference, obtain the maximum time difference Δt between the corresponding stations receiving the same lightning signal; based on the timestamp information in the original data table, the data is divided into tasks according to a preset interval time ΔT, wherein ΔT is greater than the maximum value in Δt; The grouping module is used in each task segment to take the station that first receives the lightning signal as the reference station. For each lightning signal received by the reference station, there is a corresponding lightning detection data. Then, lightning detection data from other stations whose time difference with the reference station is less than Δt are added to generate a large group. The lightning detection data of the large group is then permuted according to the stations involved in the large group to form multiple columns of lightning detection data, where each column of lightning detection data is a small group. The maximum number of small groups participating in the lightning positioning calculation is set according to the computing power of the equipment and the positioning time limit. When the actual number of small groups exceeds the maximum number of small groups, the proportion of the number of stations in the preset station group to the total number of stations is used to filter out the high-density station group with the highest geographical concentration of the involved stations. The data of the high-density station group constitutes a new large group. The grouping and filtering program is repeated until the actual number of small groups does not exceed the maximum number of small groups. The positioning calculation module is used to perform lightning positioning calculations based on the lightning detection data of each group, and obtain the calculation results of the time, location and current of the lightning occurrence; the calculation results are used to deduce the arrival time or azimuth angle that should be measured for each station involved, and the arrival time or azimuth angle is compared with the measured data of each station by a chi-square test, and the calculation result corresponding to the smallest chi-square is selected as the positioning result.

7. A lightning location system according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a data post-processing module, which, after the calculation result corresponding to the minimum chi-square value is selected as the positioning result, performs the following steps: repeating the grouping and positioning steps of the data in the original data table that did not participate in the lightning positioning calculation, then performing a deduplication operation on the positioning result, storing the deduplicated positioning result as the final positioning result in the lightning positioning result data table, and synchronizing it to the corresponding lightning monitoring application platform; the data preprocessing module also includes a program to divide the data in the original data table into positive polarity data and negative polarity data; and performing the steps of the sub-task module - data post-processing module for the positive polarity data and negative polarity data in the original data table respectively.

8. A lightning location system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The ratio is 50%.

9. A lightning location system according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the sub-task module, the distance between each station participating in the positioning calculation is within 2000KM, and ΔT is preset to 10ms.

10. A lightning location system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The deduplication operation performed by the data post-processing module is as follows: when the time difference between two or more positioning results does not exceed 1 μs and the position difference between the two results does not exceed 1000 m, a chi-square test is performed, and the positioning result with the smallest chi-square value is selected.

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