Intelligent identification of coal and rock in fully mechanized caving mining and research test bed and test method for caving law

Abstract

The application discloses a fully-mechanized caving coal and rock intelligent identification and caving law research test bed, which comprises a frame body, combined hydraulic supports, a scraper conveyor, a support moving device, an intelligent identification device, a marking system and a control console. The application further discloses a fully-mechanized caving coal and rock intelligent identification and caving law research test method, which comprises the steps of assembling, laying, caving and support moving. The test bed and the test method can simultaneously study the top coal migration law of a top coal caving working face and the coal and rock intelligent identification technology in simulation, and are suitable for the fully-mechanized caving simulation field and the simulation of the top coal caving process.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a fully mechanized caving test bed and test method, in particular to a fully mechanized caving coal rock intelligent identification and caving law research test bed and test method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Coal mine intelligent construction is the only way to solve the practical problems encountered in the process of coal mining and promote the high-quality development of the coal industry.

[0003] Fully mechanized top coal caving technology (referred to as fully mechanized caving) is one of the main technologies for efficient mining of thick and super-thick coal seams in China. After more than 30 years of development, it has made fruitful research results in the aspects of top coal breaking mechanism, granular top coal release law, mine pressure appearance and strata movement law, etc., enriching the fully mechanized caving theory. Designing a test bed can simulate the fully mechanized caving process in a short time and at a low cost. The simulation results can be applied to intelligent caving to provide theoretical guidance for intelligent caving and promote the development of intelligent caving.

[0004] The existing fully mechanized top coal caving test bed has certain limitations. For example, the invention patent application with the application publication number CN115713886A discloses an automatic circulating top coal hydraulic support caving and coal gangue identification experimental platform and its application, which realizes automatic collection and transportation of top coal. However, while realizing automatic circulation of coal blocks, the original rock strata simulation horizon of the caving space is destroyed, which leads to the inability to simulate and study the caving law and the inability to simulate the illumination environment in actual mine production. For another example, the invention patent with the authorization publication number CN109727522B discloses a large-size intelligent caving experimental platform and experimental method, which realizes automatic closing of the caving port through intelligent identification of the coal gangue proportion by the coal gangue identification system. However, the caving law in the actual caving process cannot be obtained from the experiment, and the theoretical guidance is limited. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above problems in the prior art, the present application aims to provide a fully mechanized caving coal rock intelligent identification and caving law research test bed and test method to achieve the purpose of simultaneously studying coal gangue intelligent identification and top coal release law in the simulation of top coal caving.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows: a fully mechanized caving coal rock intelligent identification and caving law research test bed, comprising:

[0007] Frame body: the frame body comprises a detachable base and an observation frame;

[0008] Combined hydraulic support: arranged on the side of the observation frame close to the base, the discharge end is communicated with the base;

[0009] Moving device: connected with the combined hydraulic support, used for moving the combined hydraulic support in horizontal direction to simulate the moving process;

[0010] Scraper conveyor: arranged at the coal discharging end of the combined hydraulic support, used for conveying the raw coal blocks or similar materials into the base;

[0011] Intelligent identification device: the signal input end of the intelligent identification device is arranged towards the scraper conveyor, used for collecting the image information on the scraper conveyor;

[0012] Marking system: including the marking particles, the marking particle placing plate and the marking particle detection device;

[0013] Control console: electrically connected with the scraper conveyor.

[0014] As a limitation of the present application: the combined hydraulic support includes the upper plate relatively far away from the ground and the lower plate relatively close to the ground, the end of the upper plate and the lower plate are both penetrated through the observation frame to extend, the upper plate and the lower plate are connected through the vertical plate along the height direction, a plurality of tail beam rotating blocks for simulating the tail beam of the hydraulic support are rotatably connected on the upper plate, the space for accommodating the falling coal rock blocks is formed between the upper plate, the lower plate, the vertical plate and the tail beam rotating blocks, the scraper conveyor is arranged in the space and forms the coal discharging opening when the tail beam rotating blocks rotate, the coal discharging hole connected with the base is arranged on the lower plate corresponding to the discharging end of the scraper conveyor.

[0015] As a limitation of the present application: the upper plate includes the top beam flat plate for simulating the top beam of the hydraulic support, one end of the top beam flat plate is penetrated through the observation frame to extend, the other end of the top beam flat plate is fixedly connected with the shield beam inclined plate for simulating the shield beam of the hydraulic support, the shield beam inclined plate is arranged at an angle with the top beam flat plate, a plurality of tail beam rotating blocks are rotatably connected at the end of the shield beam inclined plate away from the top beam flat plate;

[0016] The lower plate includes the bottom plate for simulating the bottom plate of the fully mechanized caving face, the bottom plate is in the shape of "Z", the low end of the bottom plate is connected with the top beam flat plate through the vertical plate, the high end of the bottom plate is penetrated through the observation frame to extend;

[0017] The tail beam rotating block is rotatably connected with the tail beam push-pull rod at the side of the space for accommodating the falling coal rock, the end of the tail beam push-pull rod is penetrated through the observation frame to extend.

[0018] As a limitation of the present application: the end of the tail beam push-pull rod is rotatably connected on the sliding block, the sliding block is slidably arranged in the tail beam rotating block along the height direction of the tail beam rotating block.

[0019] As a limitation of the present application: the observation frame includes detachably connected upper frame body and lower frame body, the top beam plate and the lower plate of the combined hydraulic support are all penetrated through the lower frame body.

[0020] As a limitation of the present application: the upper frame body and the lower frame body are both made of transparent or translucent material.

[0021] As a limitation of the present application: the support moving device includes two support transmission rods rotatably arranged on the base along the support moving direction, a support base is threadedly sleeved on the support transmission rod, and the support base is detachably connected to one end of the combined hydraulic support facing the base; the end of each support transmission rod is fixedly provided with a transmission gear, the two transmission gears are connected through a driving gear, and the driving gear is connected with a driving mechanism.

[0022] As a limitation of the present application: the base includes a support with four legs and a coal collecting seat placed on the support, the coal collecting seat is of open structure at the end away from the ground, and the support moving device is arranged on the coal collecting seat.

[0023] As a limitation of the present application: the marker particle placing plate includes a plate body and a handle fixedly arranged on the plate body, a plurality of through holes for placing marker particles are uniformly distributed on the plate body, the marker particles are particles with the same size as the test raw coal blocks or similar materials, and an electronic tag is fixedly arranged in the marker particle.

[0024] The present application also discloses a fully mechanized caving coal rock intelligent identification and coal drawing law research test method, which is completed through the above-mentioned fully mechanized caving coal rock intelligent identification and coal drawing law research test bench, and includes the following steps:

[0025] Assembling: the test bench is assembled, so that the combined hydraulic support of the test bench meets the simulation angle, and the support is in the initial position;

[0026] Laying: the coal seam and the gangue layer are laid in the observation frame according to the actual simulation size, and a weight is placed above the gangue layer to simulate the mine pressure; when laying the coal seam, after filling the raw coal blocks or similar materials to the set height, the marker particle placing plate is placed into the top, and the marker particles are laid according to the marker particle placing plate;

[0027] Drawing coal: the coal drawing openings of the combined hydraulic support are opened in sequence, after the coal drawing openings are opened, the coal and the gangue blocks flow into the scraper conveyor, and the intelligent identification device feeds back the gangue content in real time, when the gangue content reaches the set value, the coal drawing openings are closed, the scraper conveyor is kept on during the whole process, the raw coal blocks or similar materials in the combined hydraulic support are conveyed to the base through the scraper conveyor, and in this process, the numbers of the marker particles are identified and recorded;

[0028] Moving support: after the combined hydraulic support completes one time of coal drawing, the combined hydraulic support is moved in the horizontal direction through the support moving device.

[0029] After the moving of the support is completed, the process of coal drawing and support moving is repeated, and after several times of support moving, the test is completed.

[0030] By adopting the technical scheme, the present application has the beneficial effects compared with the prior art, which are as follows:

[0031] The test bench and test method of the present application can simultaneously study the top coal migration law of the top coal drawing face and the coal rock intelligent identification technology in simulation, and realize the construction of similar materials once, and the research on the top coal drawing law and the coal rock intelligent identification at the same time; under the premise that the influence of the moving of the hydraulic support and the moving of the whole hydraulic support on the simulation experiment result is small, the whole support moving scheme is adopted, and the combined hydraulic support which can realize the whole support moving and the tail beam opening and closing of each tail beam do not affect each other is designed; the tail beam rotating block and the connecting structure thereof can adjust the tail beam opening and closing door time and time interval of the tail beam rotating block through the electro-hydraulic control console or manual adjustment, and solve the problem of the instantaneous stability control of the opening and closing of the coal drawing opening in the simulation experiment.

[0032] In summary, the test bench and test method of the present application can simultaneously study the top coal migration law of the top coal drawing face and the coal rock intelligent identification technology in simulation, and are suitable for the simulation field of fully mechanized caving mining and the simulation of the top coal drawing process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] The present application will be described in further detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] Figure 1 (a) is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the support body in the embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 1 (b) is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the marker particle placement plate in the embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 1 (c) is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the electro-hydraulic control console in the embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the support body in the embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the combined hydraulic support in the embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the combined hydraulic support in the embodiment of the present application from another angle;

[0040] Figure 5 is a connection structure schematic diagram of the tail beam push-pull rod and the tail beam rotating block in the embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 6 Figure is a structural schematic diagram of the scraper conveyor in the embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Figure 7 Figure is a structural schematic diagram of the moving frame device in the embodiment of the present application.

[0043] In the figure: 1 - support, 2 - coal collecting seat, 3 - positioning angle, 4 - upper frame body, 5 - lower frame body, 6 - fixed frame, 7 - top beam flat plate, 8 - shield beam inclined plate, 9 - tail beam rotating block, 10 - tail beam push-pull rod, 11 - sliding block, 12 - slide, 13 - vertical plate, 14 - bottom plate, 15 - scraper conveyor, 16 - support transmission rod, 17 - moving frame base, 18 - transmission gear, 19 - driving gear, 20 - handle, 21 - intelligent recognition camera, 22 - marker particle placement plate, 23 - electro-hydraulic control console. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The preferred embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the fully-mechanized caving coal rock intelligent identification and caving law research test bench and test method described herein are preferred embodiments, which are only used to illustrate and explain the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the present application.

[0045] The "up", "down", "left", "right" and other orientation words or positional relationships described in the present application are based on the orientation relationship of the drawings of the present application, and are only used to facilitate the description of the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, a specific orientation structure and operation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the content protected by the present application.

[0046] Example 1: fully-mechanized caving coal rock intelligent identification and caving law research test bench

[0047] The present embodiment is Figures 1-7 shown, which is a fully-mechanized caving coal rock intelligent identification and caving law research test bench, comprising a frame body, a combined hydraulic support, a scraper conveyor 15, a moving frame device, an intelligent identification device, a marker system, and a control console.

[0048] 1. Frame body

[0049] As Figure 2As shown, the frame body comprises a detachable base and an observation frame, the base comprises a four-legged support 1 and a coal collecting seat 2 placed on the support 1, the support 1 comprises four legs and a rectangular frame fixed to the upper ends of the four legs, the lower part of the coal collecting seat 2 is funnel-shaped, and the upper part is a rectangular frame with an open top surface, the size of the rectangular frame is matched with the rectangular frame on the support 1, and the rectangular frame is used to place the coal collecting seat 2 on the support 1, four corners of the rectangular frame are fixedly provided with positioning corners 3 for positioning the observation frame, and the inner wall size of the positioning corners 3 is matched with the outer wall size of the observation frame. The observation frame comprises an upper frame body 4 and a lower frame body 5 which are detachably connected, the upper frame body 4 and the lower frame body 5 are both made of transparent material, the lower frame body 5 is a rectangular structure with open upper and lower ends, and the lower end of the outer wall of the upper frame body 4 is fixedly provided with a fixed frame 6 for connecting and fixing the upper frame body 4 and the lower frame body 5, and the inner wall size of the fixed frame 6 is matched with the outer wall size of the lower frame body 5.

[0050] 2. Combined hydraulic support

[0051] As shown in Figure 3 , Figure 4 , the combined hydraulic support is arranged on the side of the observation frame close to the base, i.e. on the lower end of the lower frame body 5. Specifically, the combined hydraulic support comprises an upper plate relatively far from the ground and a lower plate relatively close to the ground. The upper plate comprises a top beam flat plate 7 for simulating a top beam of a hydraulic support, the top beam flat plate 7 is arranged in the horizontal direction, the front end of the top beam flat plate 7 penetrates the lower frame body 5 of the observation frame and extends out, correspondingly, the front lower side of the lower frame body 5 is provided with a rectangular notch matched with the top beam flat plate 7, and the rear end of the top beam flat plate 7 is fixedly connected with a shield beam inclined plate 8 for simulating a shield beam of a hydraulic support, the shield beam inclined plate 8 is arranged at an angle with the top beam flat plate 7, and the end of the shield beam inclined plate 8 away from the top beam flat plate 7 is rotatably connected with a plurality of tail beam rotating blocks 9 for simulating tail beams of a hydraulic support. In this embodiment, ten tail beam rotating blocks 9 are arranged, the tail beam rotating block 9 is a rectangular sheet structure, and the tail beam rotating block 9 is rotatably connected with a tail beam push-pull rod 10 on the side for accommodating falling coal and rock. Figure 5 As shown in , the end of the tail beam push-pull rod 10 is rotatably connected with a sliding block 11, the sliding block 11 is slidably arranged in the tail beam rotating block 9 in the height direction of the tail beam rotating block 9, and in this embodiment, the sliding block 11 is slidably arranged in the slide 12 of the tail beam rotating block 9 through a roller structure, of course, the sliding block 11 can also be arranged through other structures, such as being directly slidably arranged in the slide 12. The end of the tail beam push-pull rod 10 penetrates the observation frame and extends out.

[0052] The lower plate comprises a floor 14 for simulating the floor of the fully-mechanized coal mining face, the floor 14 is in a "Z" shape, the low end of the floor 14 is connected with the top beam flat plate 7 through two vertical plates 13 in the height direction, the tail beam push-pull rod 10 is extended out of the observation frame after penetrating through the two vertical plates 13, the high end of the floor 14 is extended out of the observation frame from the back of the observation frame, and correspondingly, the lower end of the rear end of the lower frame body 5 is provided with a rectangular notch matched with the floor 14. A space for accommodating the falling coal and rock block is formed between the upper plate, the lower plate, the vertical plate 13 and the tail beam rotating block 9, and the scraper conveyor 15 is arranged in the space. The tail beam push-pull rod 10 is pushed to rotate the tail beam rotating block 9 to form a coal discharging opening. In the embodiment, the tail beam push-pull rod 10 can be manually pushed, or the end of the tail beam push-pull rod 10 is connected with any stroke mechanism in the prior art, and then the stroke mechanism is electrically connected with the control console to control the stroke mechanism to realize the opening and closing of the coal discharging opening.

[0053] 3. The scraper conveyor 15

[0054] As shown in Figure 6 , the scraper conveyor 15 comprises a conveying belt and a belt wheel for driving the conveying belt, and the conveying belt is provided with rectangular stripes, and the belt wheel is electrically connected with the control console to control the opening and closing and the belt speed of the belt wheel. The scraper conveyor 15 is arranged on the floor 14 on the side facing the coal discharging opening, and is used for conveying the raw coal block or similar material into the base, so that the coal discharging opening is arranged on one side of the floor 14, the discharge end of the scraper conveyor 15 is arranged towards the coal discharging opening, and the coal discharging opening is communicated with the funnel-shaped coal collecting base 2. The raw coal block or similar material discharged from the coal discharging opening of the combined hydraulic support falls into the coal collecting base 2 through the scraper conveyor 15 and the coal discharging opening.

[0055] 4. The moving device

[0056] As shown in Figure 7As shown, the moving frame device is connected with the combined hydraulic support, used for moving the combined hydraulic support in the horizontal direction to simulate the moving frame process. Specifically, the coal collecting seat 2 is open at the end away from the ground, and the moving frame device is arranged on the coal collecting seat 2. The moving frame device includes two support transmission rods 16 arranged on the base and rotatable in the moving frame direction (front-rear direction in the figure). The support transmission rod 16 is provided with an external thread and is sleeved with a moving frame base 17 (the thread is not shown in the figure) through a threaded sleeve. The moving frame base 17 is detachably connected to the end of the combined hydraulic support facing the base. The end of each support transmission rod 16 is fixedly provided with a transmission gear 18 (the circle in the figure is only schematic). The two transmission gears 18 are connected through a drive gear 19, and the drive gear 19 is connected with a driving mechanism. The driving mechanism drives the drive gear 19 to rotate, thereby driving the two support transmission rods 16 to rotate, and the moving frame base 17 moves on the support transmission rod 16 to drive the combined hydraulic support to move. The driving mechanism in the embodiment is a handle 20 fixedly arranged on the drive gear 19. The handle 20 is manually rotated to simulate the moving frame. Of course, the driving device can also be a motor, which drives the combined hydraulic support to move, and the motor is electrically connected with the control console, and the moving frame is controlled through the control console.

[0057] 5. Intelligent identification device

[0058] The intelligent identification device includes an intelligent identification camera 21, which is a signal input end of the intelligent identification device. The lens of the intelligent identification camera 21 is the lens in the invention patent with the authorization announcement number CN112162451B. The intelligent identification camera 21 is fixedly arranged on the rear vertical plate 13, and the lens faces the scraper conveyor 15. The intelligent identification camera 21 has a wireless real-time transmission function, and is used for collecting image information on the scraper conveyor 15 and transmitting the image information to the control console or computer. The image information is processed by an algorithm to identify the gangue content of the top coal, so as to determine the opening and closing time of the coal release port, and improve the top coal release rate.

[0059] 6. Marking system

[0060] The marking system includes marking particles, a marking particle placing plate 22, and a marking particle detection device. As shown in the figure, the marking particle placing plate 22 is arranged on the coal collecting seat 2, and the marking particle detection device is arranged on the rear vertical plate 13. Figure 1(b) as shown, the marker particle placement plate 22 includes a square plate body and a pair of handles 20 fixed on the plate body, and the plate body is uniformly distributed with 49 through holes for placing marker particles. The marker particles are particles consistent in size with the test coal block or similar material, and the marker particles are fixed with electronic tags in the prior art. The marker particle detection device is an electronic tag detection device compatible with the electronic tag in the prior art, which can be arranged at any position in the entire device that can detect the electronic tag signal (not shown in the figure). In use, the marker particle placement plate 22 is placed at the particle layer position where the marker particles need to be placed, and the marker particles with built-in electronic tags and consistent colors are placed in the through holes, so that the marker particles can be quickly and accurately placed. The plate has two handles 20, which facilitates manual movement of the marker particle placement plate 22.

[0061] 7. Console

[0062] As shown in Figure 1 (c), the console in this embodiment is an electro-hydraulic console 23, which is connected to the scraper conveyor 15 to control the speed of the conveyor belt. At the same time, it can also be connected to the handle 20 of the tail beam push-pull rod 10 to realize automatic control of the support tail beam switch; it can also be connected to the driving mechanism of the shifting device to realize automatic control of the shifting; it can also be connected to the intelligent recognition device to automatically control the support tail beam switch through the automatic recognition device. The connection of the above-mentioned electro-hydraulic console 23 with the tail beam push-pull rod 10, the driving mechanism and the intelligent recognition device includes electrical connection and structural connection (the connection part is not shown in the figure), and the specific implementation mode of the connection is easily thought of by those skilled in the art, which will not be described here.

[0063] The test bench can simulate and restore the actual production illumination environment (light intensity and dust concentration) of the top coal caving face by designing and modifying the main structure of the combined hydraulic support, and using raw coal blocks or similar materials as materials, and realizes the organic combination of the coal caving law experiment and the coal and gangue intelligent recognition experiment on the same test bench, which provides an experimental basis for exploring the internal relationship between the coal caving law and the coal and gangue intelligent recognition law.

[0064] Embodiment 2: Test method for intelligent recognition of coal and gangue and research on coal caving law in fully mechanized top coal caving

[0065] The embodiment is a test method for intelligent recognition of coal and gangue and research on coal caving law in fully mechanized top coal caving, which is completed by the test bench for intelligent recognition of coal and gangue and research on coal caving law in fully mechanized top coal caving in embodiment 1, and includes the following steps:

[0066] Assembling: assemble the test bench according to the structure in Figure 1 After assembling, make the combined hydraulic support of the test bench meet the simulation angle, and the coal caving port is closed, that is, the tail beam rotating block 9 is in a state of closing the space into which the coal and gangue blocks fall, and the support is in the initial position without shifting;

[0067] Laying: The coal seam and waste rock layer are laid in the observation frame according to the actual simulation size. When laying the coal seam, after filling the raw coal block or similar material to the set height, the marker particle placement plate 22 is placed on the top, the marker particles are laid according to the marker particle placement plate 22, and after the placement is completed, the marker particle placement plate 22 is taken out. After the laying of the coal seam is completed, the broken roof (i.e. the waste rock layer) is laid on the coal seam using the waste rock block or similar material, and a weight is placed above the waste rock layer to simulate the mine pressure;

[0068] Inspection: Check whether the circuit is connected and whether the equipment is debugged;

[0069] Coal drawing: Open the coal drawing openings of the combined hydraulic support in sequence, and do not perform coal drawing operation on one or two supports on the left and right of the test bed. After the coal drawing opening is opened, the coal and waste rock block flow into the scraper conveyor 15, and the intelligent identification device feeds back the waste rock content in real time. When the waste rock content reaches the set value, the coal drawing opening is closed. After the previous coal drawing opening is completely closed, the next coal drawing opening is opened, and the above coal drawing operation is repeated, until all tail beam rotating blocks 9 that need to perform coal drawing complete the coal drawing in sequence. During the whole process, the scraper conveyor 15 is kept on, and the raw coal block or similar material in the combined hydraulic support is conveyed to the base through the scraper conveyor 15. During this process, the number of the marker particles is identified and recorded;

[0070] Shifting: After all tail beam rotating blocks 9 that need to perform coal drawing in the combined hydraulic support complete the coal drawing in sequence, the drive gear 19 is rotated, and the combined hydraulic support is moved in the horizontal direction through the shifting device;

[0071] After the shifting is completed, the process of coal drawing and shifting is repeated again, until the test is completed after several times of shifting.

Claims

1. An intelligent identification and caving law research test bed for fully mechanized caving coal and rock, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a coal mining simulation test device, including: a frame body including a detachable base and an observation frame; a combined hydraulic support arranged on the side of the observation frame close to the base and having a discharge end communicating with the base; a support moving device connected with the combined hydraulic support and used for moving the combined hydraulic support in the horizontal direction to simulate the process of moving the support; a scraper conveyor arranged at one end of the coal discharging opening of the combined hydraulic support and used for conveying the raw coal blocks into the base; an intelligent identification device, the signal input end of which is arranged towards the scraper conveyor to collect the image information on the scraper conveyor; a marking system including marking particles, a marking particle placing plate and a marking particle detection device; a control console electrically connected with the scraper conveyor; the combined hydraulic support includes an upper plate relatively far from the ground and a lower plate relatively close to the ground, the end of the upper plate and the lower plate penetrates the observation frame and extends out, the upper plate and the lower plate are connected by a vertical plate along the height direction, a plurality of tail beam rotating blocks for simulating the tail beam of the hydraulic support are rotatably connected to the upper plate, a space for accommodating the falling coal and rock blocks is formed between the upper plate, the lower plate, the vertical plate and the tail beam rotating blocks, the scraper conveyor is arranged in the space and forms a coal discharging opening when the tail beam rotating blocks rotate, and the lower plate is provided with a coal discharging hole communicating with the base at a position corresponding to the discharge end of the scraper conveyor; the support moving device includes two support transmission rods rotatably arranged on the base along the moving direction of the support, a support base is threadedly connected to the support transmission rods, and one end of the support base is detachably connected to the combined hydraulic support towards the base; the end of each support transmission rod is fixedly provided with a transmission gear, the two transmission gears are connected by a driving gear, and the driving gear is connected with a driving mechanism; the marking particle placing plate includes a plate body and a handle fixedly arranged on the plate body, a plurality of through holes for placing the marking particles are uniformly distributed on the plate body, the marking particles are particles with the same size as the raw coal blocks used for testing, and an electronic tag is fixedly arranged in each marking particle; the upper plate includes a top beam flat plate for simulating the top beam of the hydraulic support, one end of the top beam flat plate penetrates the observation frame and extends out, the other end of the top beam flat plate is fixedly connected with a shield beam inclined plate for simulating the shield beam of the hydraulic support, the shield beam inclined plate is arranged at an angle with the top beam flat plate, and a plurality of tail beam rotating blocks are rotatably connected to the end of the shield beam inclined plate away from the top beam flat plate; the lower plate includes a bottom plate for simulating the bottom plate of the fully mechanized caving face, the bottom plate is in the shape of "Z", the low end of the bottom plate is connected with the top beam flat plate through the vertical plate, and the high end of the bottom plate penetrates the observation frame and extends out; the tail beam rotating blocks are rotatably connected with a tail beam push-pull rod on the side of the space for accommodating the falling coal and rock blocks, and the end of the tail beam push-pull rod penetrates the observation frame and extends out.

2. The intelligent identification and caving law research test bed for coal and rock caving according to claim 1, characterized in that, the end of the tail beam push-pull rod is rotatably connected with a sliding block, and the sliding block is slidably arranged in the tail beam rotating block along the height direction of the tail beam rotating block.

3. The intelligent identification and caving law research test bed for coal and rock caving according to claim 2, characterized in that, the observation frame includes a detachably connected upper frame body and lower frame body, and the top beam flat plate of the combined hydraulic support and the lower plate both penetrate the lower frame body.

4. The intelligent identification and caving law research test bed for coal and rock caving according to claim 3, characterized in that, the upper frame body and the lower frame body are both made of transparent or translucent materials.

5. The intelligent identification and caving law research test bed for coal rock in fully mechanized caving mining according to claim 4, characterized in that, The base comprises a support of four-leg structure and a coal collecting seat placed on the support, the coal collecting seat is of open structure at the end away from the ground, and the support device is arranged on the coal collecting seat.

6. A fully mechanized caving coal rock intelligent identification and caving law research test method is completed through the fully mechanized caving coal rock intelligent identification and caving law research test bench in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Assembling: assemble the test bed so that the combined hydraulic support of the test bed meets the simulation angle, and the support is in the initial position; Laying: lay the coal seam and the gangue seam in the observation frame according to the actual simulation size, and place a weight above the gangue seam to simulate the mine pressure; when laying the coal seam, after filling the raw coal block to the set height, place the marker particle arrangement plate on the top, and lay the marker particles according to the marker particle arrangement plate; Coal discharging: sequentially open the coal discharging ports of the combined hydraulic support in order, after the coal discharging ports are opened, the coal and the gangue block flow into the scraper conveyor, and the intelligent identification device feeds back the gangue content in real time, when the gangue content reaches the set value, the coal discharging ports are closed, the scraper conveyor is kept on during the whole process, and the raw coal block in the combined hydraulic support is conveyed to the base through the scraper conveyor, in this process, the number of the marker particles is identified and recorded; Support moving: after the combined hydraulic support completes the coal discharging once, the support moving device is used to move the combined hydraulic support in the horizontal direction; After the support moving is completed, the process of coal discharging and support moving is repeated, and after several times of support moving, the test is completed.

Images