Cylindrical workpiece grinding device and method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of cylindrical workpiece grinding device and method, including spindle executor, its rear end is used to connect with the front end of machine tool spindle;Clamping component, multiple connection holes are provided on it;Multiple connection pins are respectively passed through multiple connection holes and are fixedly connected with spindle executor;Limiting component, limiting component is arranged in front of clamping component, it includes support structure and compression structure, two support wheels are arranged on support structure in parallel, the axis of two support wheels is all arranged along front-back direction, compression structure includes the compression wheel being arranged above two support wheels, and the compression wheel and two support wheels form the limiting structure for the three-point limiting of the radial position of workpiece, the axis of compression wheel is inclinedly arranged from front to back left or right, the two parts of the present application can be kept independent of each other during workpiece machining to transmit torque and positioning to workpiece, and the grinding precision of workpiece end position is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical tooling and fixture technology, specifically to a grinding device and method for cylindrical workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] In machining, the external cylindrical grinding of cylindrical workpieces is a common process. Typically, the workpiece is positioned at both ends by a front center on the headstock and a rear center on the tailstock. A chuck is mounted at the workpiece's head end. During machining, the centers do not rotate; the machine spindle moves, driving the chuck via a dial to move the workpiece. However, for workpieces requiring end grinding, center positioning is not feasible. Instead, a three-jaw or four-jaw chuck is used to clamp the workpiece onto the machine spindle. The chuck simultaneously positions the workpiece and transmits torque. However, chuck clamping causes the workpiece to deviate from the spindle center to varying degrees, failing to meet the machining accuracy requirements for the ends of the workpiece. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a grinding device and method for cylindrical workpieces, which can maintain the independence of the two parts of workpiece torque transmission and positioning during workpiece processing, thereby improving the grinding accuracy of the workpiece end position.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A spindle actuator, the rear end of which is used to connect to the front end of a machine tool spindle;

[0006] A clamping assembly for clamping a workpiece, the clamping assembly having a plurality of connecting holes;

[0007] Multiple connecting pins pass through multiple connecting holes and are fixedly connected to the spindle actuator. The multiple connecting pins are clearance-fitted with the multiple connecting holes to movably connect the clamping assembly to the front side of the spindle actuator.

[0008] A limiting component is provided in front of a clamping component. The limiting component includes a support structure and a clamping structure. Two support wheels are arranged side by side on the support structure, and the axes of the two support wheels are arranged in the front-back direction. The clamping structure includes a clamping wheel disposed above the two support wheels. The clamping wheel and the two support wheels constitute a limiting structure for three-point limiting of the radial position of the workpiece. The axis of the clamping wheel is inclined to the left or right from front to back.

[0009] Further, the clamping assembly comprises a connecting base plate and two clamping jaws, the two clamping jaws are oppositely and slidably arranged on the connecting base plate, the sliding direction is perpendicular to the axis of the spindle actuator, each of the clamping jaws is provided with a clamping groove, and the gravity center of each clamping jaw and the clamping groove are respectively located on the two sides of the rotation axis of the spindle actuator, and the clamping groove faces the rotation axis of the spindle actuator.

[0010] Further, the clamping assembly comprises a connecting base plate and two clamping jaws, the two clamping jaws are oppositely and slidably arranged on the connecting base plate, the sliding direction is perpendicular to the axis of the spindle actuator, each of the clamping jaws is provided with a clamping groove, and the gravity center of each clamping jaw and the clamping groove are respectively located on the two sides of the rotation axis of the spindle actuator, and the clamping groove faces the rotation axis of the spindle actuator.

[0011] Further, the clamping assembly comprises a connecting base plate and two clamping jaws, the two clamping jaws are oppositely and slidably arranged on the connecting base plate, the sliding direction is perpendicular to the axis of the spindle actuator, each of the clamping jaws is provided with a clamping groove, and the gravity center of each clamping jaw and the clamping groove are respectively located on the two sides of the rotation axis of the spindle actuator, and the clamping groove faces the rotation axis of the spindle actuator.

[0012] Further, the clamping assembly comprises a connecting base plate and two clamping jaws, the two clamping jaws are oppositely and slidably arranged on the connecting base plate, the sliding direction is perpendicular to the axis of the spindle actuator, each of the clamping jaws is provided with a clamping groove, and the gravity center of each clamping jaw and the clamping groove are respectively located on the two sides of the rotation axis of the spindle actuator, and the clamping groove faces the rotation axis of the spindle actuator.

[0013] Further, the clamping assembly comprises a connecting base plate and two clamping jaws, the two clamping jaws are oppositely and slidably arranged on the connecting base plate, the sliding direction is perpendicular to the axis of the spindle actuator, each of the clamping jaws is provided with a clamping groove, and the gravity center of each clamping jaw and the clamping groove are respectively located on the two sides of the rotation axis of the spindle actuator, and the clamping groove faces the rotation axis of the spindle actuator.

[0014] Further, the clamping assembly comprises a connecting base plate and two clamping jaws, the two clamping jaws are oppositely and slidably arranged on the connecting base plate, the sliding direction is perpendicular to the axis of the spindle actuator, each of the clamping jaws is provided with a clamping groove, and the gravity center of each clamping jaw and the clamping groove are respectively located on the two sides of the rotation axis of the spindle actuator, and the clamping groove faces the rotation axis of the spindle actuator.

[0015] Further, the clamping assembly comprises a connecting base plate and two clamping jaws, the two clamping jaws are oppositely and slidably arranged on the connecting base plate, the sliding direction is perpendicular to the axis of the spindle actuator, each of the clamping jaws is provided with a clamping groove, and the gravity center of each clamping jaw and the clamping groove are respectively located on the two sides of the rotation axis of the spindle actuator, and the clamping groove faces the rotation axis of the spindle actuator.

[0016] Further, the clamping assembly comprises a connecting base plate and two clamping jaws, the two clamping jaws are oppositely and slidably arranged on the connecting base plate, the sliding direction is perpendicular to the axis of the spindle actuator, each of the clamping jaws is provided with a clamping groove, and the gravity center of each clamping jaw and the clamping groove are respectively located on the two sides of the rotation axis of the spindle actuator, and the clamping groove faces the rotation axis of the spindle actuator.

[0017] Further, the clamping assembly comprises a connecting base plate and two clamping jaws, the two clamping jaws are oppositely and slidably arranged on the connecting base plate, the sliding direction is perpendicular to the axis of the spindle actuator, each of the clamping jaws is provided with a clamping groove, and the gravity center of each clamping jaw and the clamping groove are respectively located on the two sides of the rotation axis of the spindle actuator, and the clamping groove faces the rotation axis of the spindle actuator.

[0018] Advantages of the present application:

[0019] 1. Since the clamping assembly clamps the workpiece by elastic force and only limits the circumferential position of the workpiece, when the main shaft of the machine tool rotates, the clamping assembly rotates with the main shaft to drive the workpiece to rotate, the radial position of the workpiece is limited by the compression wheel and the two support wheel assemblies, and the axis of the compression wheel and the axis of the workpiece have an included angle, so that the workpiece has a component force moving towards the main shaft actuator when rotating, so that the spherical surface at the rear end of the connecting bottom plate and the surface of the main shaft actuator are always in contact, thereby realizing axial positioning during workpiece machining. The workpiece is fixed on the clamping assembly and the limiting assembly, so that the part providing driving force and the part ensuring correct machining position are independent of each other during machining, thereby obtaining higher grinding accuracy.

[0020] 2. Since the center of gravity of the clamping jaw is inside the clamping groove, when the main shaft rotates, an outward centrifugal force is generated to drive the clamping grooves of the two clamping jaws to approach each other, and the spring force of the compression spring acts on the workpiece clamping together, so that the clamping force on the workpiece is greater.

[0021] 3. Since the compression cylinder and the top rod cylinder are arranged, the tightness of the compression wheel and the clamping state of the clamping grooves of the two clamping jaws can be automatically controlled to facilitate the feeding and discharging of the workpiece of the grinding device, reduce manual operation, and improve work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a cylindrical workpiece grinding device;

[0023] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the structure of the cylindrical workpiece grinding device;

[0024] Figure 3 is a top view of the cylindrical workpiece grinding device;

[0025] Figure 4 is a front view of the clamping assembly;

[0026] Figure 5 is a side view of the clamping assembly;

[0027] Figure 6 is a connection diagram of the two clamping jaws;

[0028] Figure 7 is an exploded view of the structure of the clamping assembly;

[0029] Figure 8 is a force diagram of the clamping assembly;

[0030] Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the limiting assembly;

[0031] Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of the main shaft actuator;

[0032] Figure 11 is a state schematic diagram of the ejector rod cylinder piston rod when retracted;

[0033] Figure 12 is a state schematic diagram of the ejector rod cylinder piston rod when extended;

[0034] Figure 13 is a state schematic diagram of the pressing cylinder piston rod when retracted;

[0035] Figure 14 is a state schematic diagram of the pressing cylinder piston rod when extended.

[0036] Markings and technical features in the figures:

[0037] 1. Machine tool main shaft;

[0038] 2. Main shaft actuator; 21. Connecting pin;

[0039] 3. Clamping assembly; 31. Connecting bottom plate; 311. Spherical surface;

[0040] 32. Clamping jaw; 321. Clamping part; 322. Sliding part; 323. Limiting groove; 324. Clamping groove;

[0041] 33. Elastic mechanism; 331. Spring stopper; 332. Compression spring; 333. Limiting shaft;

[0042] 34. Follow-up ring; 35. Notch;

[0043] 4. Limiting assembly; 41. Support frame; 42. Fixed frame; 43. Pressing frame; 44. Pressing cylinder; 45. Support wheel; 46. Pressing wheel;

[0044] 5. Workpiece;

[0045] 6. Ejector rod cylinder;

[0046] 7. Workbench. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present application can be understood by those skilled in the art from the contents disclosed in the present specification. The present application can also be implemented or applied by other different specific embodiments, and various modifications or changes can be made to the details in the present specification based on different views and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0048] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. The illustrations only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0049] This embodiment proposes a grinding device for cylindrical workpieces, such as... Figures 1-14 As shown, it includes:

[0050] spindle actuator 2, such as Figure 10 As shown, the rear end of the spindle actuator 2 is used to connect to the front end of the machine tool spindle 1;

[0051] Clamping component 3, such as Figure 4 As shown, the clamping assembly 3 is used to clamp the workpiece 5, and the clamping assembly 3 is provided with a plurality of connecting holes;

[0052] Multiple connecting pins 21 pass through multiple connecting holes and are fixedly connected to the spindle actuator 2. The multiple connecting pins 21 are clearance-fitted with the multiple connecting holes to movably connect the clamping assembly 3 to the front side of the spindle actuator 2.

[0053] Limiting component 4, such as Figure 9 As shown, the limiting component 4 is located in front of the clamping component 3. The limiting component 4 includes a support structure and a clamping structure. Two support wheels 45 are arranged side-by-side on the support structure, with the axes of both support wheels 45 arranged along the front-rear direction. The clamping structure includes a clamping wheel 46 positioned above the two support wheels 45. The clamping wheel 46 and the two support wheels 45 constitute a limiting structure for three-point radial positioning of the workpiece 5. The axis of the clamping wheel 46 is inclined to the left or right from front to back, for example, as shown in the diagram. Figure 3 As shown, the axis of the clamping wheel 46 is inclined to the left from front to back. When the workpiece 5 rotates, it generates a backward component force to make the connecting base plate 31 tightly adhere to the machine tool spindle 1 to fix the axial position of the workpiece 5.

[0054] Adopt the above technical scheme, the clamping assembly 3 clamps the workpiece 55 only to limit the function of the workpiece 5 circumferential position, when the machine tool spindle 1 rotates, the clamping assembly 3 follows the spindle rotation and drives the workpiece 5 to rotate, the radial position of the workpiece 5 is limited by the compression wheel 46 and the two support wheel 45 components, and the axis of the compression wheel 46 and the axis of the workpiece 5 have an included angle, so that the workpiece 5 has a component force moving towards the main shaft actuator 2 when rotating, so that the spherical surface 311 on the rear end surface of the connecting bottom plate 31 and the surface of the main shaft actuator 2 are always in contact, so as to realize the axial positioning of the workpiece 5 in the machining process, and the workpiece 5 is fixed on the clamping assembly 3 and the limiting assembly 4, so that the part providing driving force and the part ensuring correct machining position are independent of each other in the machining process, so as to obtain higher grinding accuracy.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present application, the clamping assembly 3 comprises a connecting bottom plate 31 and two clamping jaws 32, the two clamping jaws 32 are arranged on the connecting bottom plate 31 in opposite sliding directions perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft actuator 2, and a clamping groove 324 is arranged on each of the clamping jaws 32, and the center of gravity of each clamping jaw 32 and the clamping groove 324 are located on both sides of the rotation axis of the main shaft actuator 2, and the clamping groove 324 is arranged to face the rotation axis of the main shaft actuator 2.

[0056] Adopt the above technical scheme, as shown in Figure 8 When the spindle rotates, an outward centrifugal force Fr is generated to drive the clamping grooves 324 of the two clamping jaws 32 to approach each other, and the spring force Fk of the compression spring 332 acts on the workpiece 5 clamping together, so that the clamping force on the workpiece 5 is greater.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 7 The clamping jaw 32 and the connecting bottom plate 31 are further provided with an elastic mechanism 33, the elastic mechanism 33 comprises a spring block 331 fixedly connected with the connecting bottom plate 31 and a limiting shaft 333 arranged on the spring block 331, the two clamping jaws 32 are respectively connected with the limiting shaft 333 of the corresponding elastic mechanism 33 and the spring block 331 of the other elastic mechanism 33, and the compression spring 332 is arranged between the two. The spring force of the compression spring 332 makes the two clamping jaws 32 have a tendency to expand outward, so that the clamping jaws 32 approach each other, thereby clamping the workpiece 5.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 2As shown, the top rod cylinder 6 is arranged on both sides of the clamping assembly 3, and a gap 35 for cooperating with the piston rod of the top rod cylinder 6 is arranged between the two clamping jaws 32. When the piston rod of the top rod cylinder 6 extends, the piston rod abuts against the gap 35 to separate the two clamping jaws 32, so that the clamping grooves 324 of the two clamping jaws 32 are away from each other to release the workpiece 5. When the machining is completed and the machine tool spindle 1 stops at a fixed position, the piston rod of the top rod cylinder 6 is controlled to extend to separate the two clamping jaws 32 of the clamping assembly 3, and then the feeding and discharging of the workpiece 5 can be performed. When the piston rod extends, the wedge-shaped head of the piston rod is embedded in the wedge-shaped gap 35 on the side surface of the middle clamping jaw 32 of the clamping assembly 3, and the top rod cylinder 6 applies force to separate the clamping jaws 32 to the two sides, thereby releasing the workpiece 5. In some embodiments, a workbench 7 is arranged below the machine tool spindle 1, and the top rod cylinder 6 and the limiting assembly 4 are both fixed on the workbench 7.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 4 The clamping jaw 32 includes a clamping part 321 and a sliding part 322, the clamping part 321 is provided with a limiting groove 323, the number of clamping jaws 32 is two, the sliding parts 322 of the clamping jaws 32 are both slidingly connected in the limiting grooves 323 of the other clamping jaws 32, one side of the clamping part 321 is provided with a clamping groove 324, the other side is connected with the compression spring 332, and the shape of the clamping groove 324 is V-shaped.

[0060] Specifically, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 The two clamping jaws 32 are the same in structure and are composed of an upper cover and a lower cover. The upper cover and the lower cover are both "∅" shaped, the upper cover and the lower cover are fixed by bolts to form the shape of the clamping jaw 32, the front horizontal part is the clamping part 321, the vertical parts on both sides are the sliding parts 322, the rear side of the middle part of the clamping part 321 is provided with a V-shaped clamping groove 324, the front part is connected with the compression spring 332, and the sliding parts 322 on both sides of the clamping jaw 32 are respectively slidingly connected in the limiting grooves 323 on the upper side and the lower side of the other clamping jaw 32, forming a mutual embedding installation structure between the two clamping jaws 32.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present application, the pressing structure includes a fixed frame 42 and a pressing frame 43 hinged to one end of the fixed frame 42, the pressing wheel 46 is arranged on the pressing frame 43, and the free end of the pressing frame 43 is connected with a pressing cylinder 44, as shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14 When the piston rod of the pressing cylinder 44 extends, the pressing wheel 46 is driven away from the workpiece 5, and when the piston rod of the pressing cylinder 44 is retracted, the pressing wheel 46 is driven to press the workpiece 5. The supporting frame 41 in the limiting assembly 4 has an up-down adjustable space, which can adapt to different product diameters, so that each product basically maintains the same machining height.

[0062] With the technical scheme, as shown in Figure 3 The main shaft actuator 2 rotates to drive the clamping assembly 3 to rotate, thereby driving the workpiece 5 clamped thereon to rotate; since the pressing wheel 46 is in a state of pressing the workpiece 5, when the workpiece 5 rotates, the pressing wheel 46 also rotates together and generates a resistance to the workpiece 5; an axial component of the resistance makes the workpiece 5 have a tendency to move towards the main shaft actuator 2, thereby making the back spherical surface 311 of the clamping assembly 3 always keep in contact with the surface of the main shaft actuator 2, so as to realize axial positioning of the workpiece 5 in the machining process.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 10 The main shaft actuator 2 is provided with two connecting pins 21, and the two connecting pins 21 are uniformly distributed on a circumference with the rotation axis of the main shaft actuator 2 as the center; the connecting bottom plate 31 is correspondingly provided with two follow-up rings 34, and the connecting holes are arranged on the follow-up rings 34. Figure 3 and Figure 5 The rear end surface of the connecting bottom plate 31 has a rear convex spherical surface 311 for abutting against the main shaft actuator 2.

[0064] It should be noted that when the main shaft rotates, the clamping assembly 3 is driven to rotate together due to the connecting pins 21 on the main shaft actuator 2 being inserted into the follow-up rings 34 on the clamping assembly 3. However, since there is a gap between the follow-up rings 34 and the connecting pins 21, and the back of the clamping assembly 3 has a spherical surface 311 structure abutting against the main shaft actuator 2, the machining position of the workpiece 5 is not limited in the process of power transmission, but is determined by the limiting assembly 4.

[0065] In the implementation process of the present application, the main shaft actuator 2 is installed on the machine tool main shaft 1, the clamping assembly 3 is connected to the connecting pins 21 on the main shaft actuator 2 through the follow-up rings 34, the clamping assembly 3 is used for clamping and driving the workpiece 5 to rotate, and the power comes from the main shaft actuator 2; the ejector rod cylinder 6 is located on both sides of the clamping assembly 3 and is fixed on the workbench 7; the piston rod of the ejector rod cylinder 6 is opposite to the wedge-shaped notches 35 on both sides of the corresponding clamping jaw 32; when the machine tool main shaft 1 stops at a fixed position after machining is completed, the ejector rod cylinder 6 ejects to open the clamping jaw 32 on the clamping assembly 3, thereby performing feeding and discharging of the workpiece 5; the limiting assembly 4 is fixed on the workbench 7 and located in front of the clamping assembly 3 and the ejector rod cylinder 6; the axial position and the radial position of the workpiece 5 during machining are limited by the supporting wheel 45 and the pressing wheel 46; during machining, the piston rod of the pressing cylinder 44 is retracted to keep the pressing state of the pressing wheel 46; when machining is completed, the piston rod of the pressing cylinder 44 is extended to release the pressing wheel 46, thereby performing subsequent feeding and discharging operations.

[0066] The application further provides a cylindrical workpiece 5 grinding method using the cylindrical workpiece 5 grinding device, comprising the following steps: placing the head end of the workpiece 5 into the clamping assembly 3, placing the tail end between the two support wheels 45, exposing the tail end to be machined outside the limiting assembly 4, keeping the pressure wheel 46 in a state of pressing the tail end of the workpiece 5 to be machined, and making the pressure wheel 46 and the two support wheels 45 form a three-point limiting structure for limiting the radial position of the workpiece 5.

[0067] According to the technical scheme, the limiting assembly 4 is arranged at a fixed position of the workbench 7 and at a height of the support frame 41 according to the shape of the workpiece 5 to be machined, so that the limiting assembly 4 can position the workpiece 5; the ejector rod cylinder 6 is controlled to eject the clamping jaw 32 on the clamping assembly 3 to open the clamping jaw 32, the head end of the workpiece 5 to be machined is placed into the clamping groove 324 of the clamping jaw 32, the tail end is placed on the support wheel 45 group, the tail end to be machined is exposed outside the limiting assembly 4, then the pressure cylinder 44 is controlled to retract, the pressure wheel 46 is kept in a state of pressing the tail end of the workpiece 5 to be machined, the ejector rod cylinder 6 is controlled to retract the clamping groove 324 to form a clamping structure to clamp the workpiece 5; the grinding machine is started to make the machine tool spindle 1 drive the clamping assembly 3 to rotate through the spindle actuator 2, and the grinding wheel is used to grind the tail end of the workpiece 5; after the machining is completed, the pressure cylinder 44 is controlled to extend to release the pressure wheel 46, the ejector rod cylinder 6 is controlled to extend to open the clamping jaw 32 on the clamping assembly 3, and the machined workpiece 5 is taken out to repeat the above steps.

[0068] As can be seen from the above detailed description of the embodiments, the clamping assembly 3 of the application clamps the workpiece 5 by elastic force and only limits the circumferential position of the workpiece 5; when the machine tool spindle 1 rotates, the clamping assembly 3 rotates with the spindle to drive the workpiece 5 to rotate, the radial position of the workpiece 5 is limited by the pressure wheel 46 and the two support wheels 45, and the axis of the pressure wheel 46 and the axis of the workpiece 5 form an angle, so that the workpiece 5 has a component force in the direction of the spindle actuator 2 when rotating, so that the spherical surface 311 on the rear end surface of the connecting bottom plate 31 is always in contact with the surface of the spindle actuator 2, thereby achieving axial positioning of the workpiece 5 during machining, and the workpiece 5 is fixed on the clamping assembly 3 and the limiting assembly 4, so that the part providing driving force and the part ensuring correct machining position are independent of each other during machining, thereby achieving high grinding accuracy.

[0069] In addition, the center of gravity of the clamping jaw 32 is located outside the clamping groove 324, and when the spindle rotates, an outward centrifugal force is generated to drive the clamping grooves 324 of the two clamping jaws 32 to approach each other, and the spring force of the compression spring 332 acts on the workpiece 5 together, so that the clamping force on the workpiece 5 is greater.

[0070] In addition, the present application is provided with the pressing cylinder 44 and the ejector cylinder 6, which can automatically control the tightness of the pressing wheel 46 and the clamping state of the clamping groove 324 of the two clamping jaws 32, so as to facilitate the feeding and discharging of the workpiece 5 of the grinding device, reduce manual operation and improve work efficiency.

[0071] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present application are within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A cylindrical workpiece grinding device, characterized by, The utility model relates to a kind of machine tool chucking device, including: Main shaft executor (2), the rear end of the main shaft executor (2) is used to connect with the front end of machine tool main shaft (1); Clamping assembly (3), the clamping assembly (3) is used to clamp workpiece (5), and a plurality of connecting holes are provided on the clamping assembly (3); A plurality of connecting pins (21) are respectively backward through a plurality of connecting holes and are fixedly connected with the main shaft executor (2), and a plurality of connecting pins (21) are respectively matched with a plurality of connecting holes gap, to movably connect the clamping assembly (3) on the front side of the main shaft executor (2); Limiting assembly (4), the limiting assembly (4) is arranged in front of clamping assembly (3), and the limiting assembly (4) includes support structure and compression structure, two support wheels (45) are arranged side by side on the support structure, and the axis of two support wheels (45) is arranged along the front-back direction, the compression structure includes compression wheel (46) arranged above two support wheels (45), and the compression wheel (46) and two support wheels (45) form limiting structure for three-point limiting of the radial position of workpiece (5), and the axis of the compression wheel (46) is arranged obliquely from front to back left or right; The clamping assembly (3) includes connecting bottom plate (31) and two clamping jaws (32), two clamping jaws (32) are slidably arranged on the connecting bottom plate (31), and the sliding direction of the clamping jaw (32) is perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft executor (2), and the clamping jaw (32) is provided with clamping groove (324) correspondingly, and the center of gravity of each clamping jaw (32) and clamping groove (324) are located on the two sides of the rotation axis of the main shaft executor (2), and the clamping groove (324) is arranged to face the rotation axis of the main shaft executor (2); Elastic mechanism (33) is further arranged between the clamping jaw (32) and the connecting bottom plate (31), and the elastic mechanism (33) includes spring stopper (331) fixedly connected with the connecting bottom plate (31) and limiting shaft (333) arranged on the spring stopper (331), two clamping jaws (32) are respectively slidably connected on the limiting shaft (333) of corresponding elastic mechanism (33) and are provided with compression spring (332) between the spring stopper (331) of another elastic mechanism (33); It further includes top rod pneumatic cylinder (6) arranged on both sides of the clamping assembly (3), and the gap (35) for cooperating with the piston rod of the top rod pneumatic cylinder (6) is arranged between the two clamping jaws (32), the piston rod is abutted with the gap (35) when the piston rod of the top rod pneumatic cylinder (6) is stretched out, and the two clamping jaws (32) are opened, so that the clamping grooves (324) of the two clamping jaws (32) are away from each other to release workpiece (5); The pressing structure further comprises a fixing frame (42) and a pressing frame (43) hinged to the fixing frame (42) at one end, the pressing wheel (46) is arranged on the pressing frame (43), and the free end of the pressing frame (43) is connected with a pressing cylinder (44), when the piston rod of the pressing cylinder (44) is extended, the pressing wheel (46) is driven away from the workpiece (5), and when the piston rod of the pressing cylinder (44) is retracted, the pressing wheel (46) is driven to press the workpiece (5).

2. The cylindrical workpiece grinding apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The clamping jaw (32) comprises a clamping part (321) and a sliding part (322), the clamping part (321) is provided with a limiting groove (323), the number of the clamping jaw (32) is two, and the sliding part (322) of the clamping jaw (32) is slidably connected in the limiting groove (323) of the other clamping jaw (32).

3. The cylindrical workpiece grinding apparatus of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising a workbench (7), the top rod cylinder (6) and the limiting assembly (4) are both fixed on the workbench (7).

4. The cylindrical workpiece grinding apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The main shaft executor (2) is provided with two connecting pins (21), the two connecting pins (21) are uniformly distributed on the circumference with the rotation axis of the main shaft executor (2) as the center, the connecting bottom plate (31) is correspondingly provided with two follow-up rings (34), and the connecting hole is arranged on the follow-up ring (34).

5. The cylindrical workpiece grinding apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The rear end surface of the connecting bottom plate (31) has a rear convex spherical surface (311) for abutting against the main shaft executor (2).

6. A cylindrical workpiece grinding method characterized by, The cylindrical workpiece grinding device adopts any one of claims 1-5, comprising the following steps: the head end of the workpiece (5) is placed in the clamping assembly (3), the tail end is placed between the two supporting wheels (45), the rear end to be processed is exposed outside the limiting assembly (4), the pressing wheel (46) is kept in a pressing state on the tail end of the workpiece (5) to be processed, and the pressing wheel (46) and the two supporting wheels (45) form three-point limiting for the radial position of the workpiece (5).

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