Universal scroll plate machining process

Abstract

The application relates to a universal scroll disc machining process, which adopts a three-axis machine tool and a five-axis full-direct-drive bridge type gantry machining center to respectively perform rough machining, semi-finishing machining and finishing machining on a blank assembly, so as to obtain a scroll disc, the core of the process is a three-clamping scheme, because the involute profile precision required by the scroll disc part is within 0.008 mm, and is related to A / B / C reference, in order to guarantee the size precision, the C reference is used for positioning, meanwhile, the A / B reference and the involute profile are machined in one process, and a five-axis linkage program is used, so that the form and position tolerances and the surface smoothness can reach Ra0.8.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal processing, and specifically to a general-purpose scroll plate processing technology. Background Technology

[0002] Existing general-purpose scroll plates are typically manufactured using forging and extrusion molding processes. However, these processes suffer from low machining accuracy, resulting in very large tolerances for the parts and consequently a low yield rate for the scroll plates produced.

[0003] With the continuous development of science and technology, the machining accuracy of machine tools has been greatly improved, especially with the emergence of five-axis gantry machining centers. Five-axis gantry machining centers can achieve a machining accuracy of 0.008mm, while the core position contour of ordinary scroll plates can be guaranteed to maintain its working efficiency within 0.03mm. Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a general-purpose scroll plate machining process with high machining accuracy and high product qualification rate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a general-purpose scroll disk machining process to overcome the problems of insufficient machining accuracy in the prior art. This process significantly improves the product yield, increases machining efficiency, and saves machining time.

[0005] The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0006] A general-purpose scroll disk machining process includes the following steps:

[0007] (1) Inspect the blank workpiece to be processed, check whether there are sand holes or air holes and the flatness of the bottom surface of the blank workpiece, and ensure that there are no sand holes or air holes and the flatness of the bottom surface of the blank workpiece is within 0.1mm.

[0008] (2) Place the qualified blank workpiece into a three-axis machine tool for roughing. Use a concentric vise to clamp the bottom outer circle of the blank workpiece. Before processing, use a dial indicator to adjust the flatness of the workpiece after clamping to within 0.1mm.

[0009] First, machine the top of the blank workpiece. Install a D12.5 tool on a three-axis machine tool to roughen the top of the blank workpiece, leaving a allowance of 0.3mm, i.e., a thickness of 18.5mm.

[0010] The three-axis machine tool continues to use the D12.5 tool to machine the involute contour on the top of the blank workpiece. The three-axis machine tool adopts the contour toolpath to machine the involute contour according to the involute contour equation. During the machining process, the outer wall of the involute contour is reserved with 0.35mm, the bottom of the involute contour is reserved with 0.3mm, and the outermost large circle of the blank workpiece is machined to a mm.

[0011] Next, drill a hole at the center of the bottom of the involute contour of the blank workpiece, with a drilling depth of b mm. The outer edges of each surface on the top of the blank workpiece need to be chamfered by 0.3 mm.

[0012] Deburr and remove tooling after inspection and approval;

[0013] (3) The blank workpiece processed in step (2) is clamped onto the two-clamp fixture, the blank workpiece is pneumatically clamped, and the flatness of the blank workpiece after clamping is adjusted to within 0.1mm by a dial indicator. Confirm that it is clamped tightly without shaking, and check that there are no obvious gaps on the surface.

[0014] On a three-axis machine tool, a D8 flat cutter is installed to roughen the back side of the blank workpiece with a allowance. The entire back surface is the A datum surface, with a 0.1mm allowance. A center hole with a diameter of c mm is machined on the back side of the blank workpiece using the D8 flat cutter, with a machining allowance of 0.1mm. The wall of the center hole with a diameter of c is the B datum surface.

[0015] Use a D8 flat tool to semi-finish n evenly distributed circular holes with a diameter of d mm around the back of the blank workpiece, leaving a allowance of 0.1 mm;

[0016] On a three-axis machine tool, a D5 tool is installed to semi-finish m grooves between the circular holes on the back of the blank workpiece, leaving a 0.1mm allowance.

[0017] Next, the back surface of the blank workpiece is finished. To ensure the flatness requirement of 0.01, a D63 fly cutter with a single insert is used for leveling. At the position where it meets the side wall, a D4 tool is used to sharpen the corner.

[0018] Finish the above m grooves using a D5 high-gloss end mill;

[0019] Finish machine n evenly distributed circular holes, leaving a finishing allowance of 0.005mm on each side. Use a 15.01mm diameter reamer to finally ream the holes and select one of the circular holes as the C reference plane.

[0020] The outer large circle of the precision-machined workpiece is controlled within a-0.6, with a tolerance range of 0 to -0.1.

[0021] All circular holes and outer circles on the machined workpiece were checked for dimensional tolerances using go / no-go gauges.

[0022] Inspect the appearance of the blade pattern; remove it from the machine once it is satisfactory.

[0023] (4) Place the workpiece processed in step (3) into a five-axis direct drive bridge gantry machining center and clamp it in place using a three-clamp fixture. The three-clamp fixture is positioned with two locating pins using the C datum hole, the bottom of the A datum surface is leveled, and the bottom surface is vacuum-adsorbed. A clearance hole with a gap of 1mm is left in the middle of the three-clamp fixture.

[0024] First, rotate the B-axis of the worktable by -90 degrees to machine the center hole of the B-base on the back of the workpiece. Use a D12.5 milling cutter to semi-finish the sidewall and bottom of the center hole, with a sidewall allowance of 0.008mm on each side.

[0025] Then use a boring bar to machine the sidewall of the center hole to the required allowance, and then switch to a chamfering tool to chamfer 0.3mm to remove burrs;

[0026] Then rotate the B-axis of the worktable 90 degrees to perform semi-finishing of the top of the workpiece. Use a high-gloss milling cutter to semi-finish the top surface, side walls and bottom of the involute curve, leaving a 0.05mm allowance for the involute curve contour.

[0027] The bottom of the involute contour of the workpiece is finished using a D8 tool and a four-axis (X / Y / Z / C) linkage machining method to ensure that the flatness accuracy required by the drawing reaches 0.005mm.

[0028] The sidewall finishing of the involute profile is performed using a four-axis (X / Y / Z / C) plus one-axis linkage machining method. The purpose is to ensure that the accuracy of the involute profile required by the drawing is within 0.008. This profile machining accuracy is related to the three datums A / B / C.

[0029] The sidewall of the involute profile is finished in three cuts with a uniform step distance using a D8 tool, i.e., step distance 0.05 / 3 = 0.0133mm;

[0030] All protruding corners of the workpiece are chamfered by 0.3mm to remove burrs, forming a scroll plate product;

[0031] The core of this process is the three-clamp scheme. This is because the involute profile accuracy required for the moving disc parts is within 0.008mm and is related to the A / B / C datum. Secondly, it ensures a wall height perpendicularity of 0.01mm at 18.2mm. To ensure this dimensional accuracy, the C datum is used for positioning, and the A / B datum and involute profile are machined in one operation. Using a five-axis linkage program can guarantee the geometric tolerances and surface finish Ra0.8.

[0032] The processed scroll plate product is sent to a Zeiss coordinate measuring machine to check the product profile and other dimensional tolerances.

[0033] (5) If the above products pass the inspection, the product surface shall be chemically treated with nickel plating, with a plating layer of 0.015-0.02mm and a surface hardness of >= HV400;

[0034] a, b, c, d are size parameters, and m and n are the number of items.

[0035] Furthermore, in step (1), die-cast aluminum 4032 is selected as the blank workpiece for making the general-purpose scroll disk, and the circular blank of the die-cast blank workpiece is designed according to the simplified design of the scroll disk product. In order to ensure consistent machining allowance, the thickness of one side is increased by 1mm, and the thickness of various holes and grooves on the back is increased by 1mm. The outermost diameter is cast to a+3.4mm.

[0036] Furthermore, in the above parameters, a is 86.6mm, b is 2.5mm, c is 37mm, d is 15mm, n is 6, and m is 4.

[0037] Furthermore, the second clamping fixture in step (3) is a gas-driven three-jaw centering chuck, which locks the position of the scroll plate workpiece by the positioning block and clamps the scroll plate workpiece by the three jaws.

[0038] Furthermore, the three-clamp fixture in step (4) has a hollow structure, which is intended to clamp the workpiece by vacuum adsorption. To ensure dimensional accuracy, there are positioning pins on the surface that match the workpiece. At the position where it fits the back of the workpiece, a 2mm sealing ring is used to ensure airtightness. Because it is used in a five-axis direct drive bridge gantry machining center, the connection between the air pipe connector and the machine tool table is thickened and positioned with screws. In order to accommodate different models of scroll plate workpieces, the middle part of the three-clamp fixture is a replaceable core module.

[0039] Furthermore, in step (2), when machining the involute contour using the contouring toolpath, the equation of the curve inside the involute contour is:

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] The equation of the curve on the outer side of the involute profile is:

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] Among them, (x 内 y 内 (x) represents the coordinates of any point inside the involute profile. 外 y 外 () represents the coordinates of any point outside the involute profile; r is the radius of the base circle; α is the involute development angle; β and α are the involute initiation angles, respectively.

[0046] Furthermore, the fully direct-drive five-axis gantry machining center in step (4) includes: a base (1), a worktable (2), a crossbeam (3), a slide saddle (4), and a spindle box (5); a linear motor is provided between the base (1) and the worktable (2) so that the worktable (2) can move back and forth on the base (1); a linear motor is provided between the slide saddle (4) and the crossbeam (3) so that the slide saddle (4) can move left and right on the crossbeam (3); a linear motor is provided between the spindle box (5) on the slide saddle (4) and the slide saddle (4) so ​​that the spindle box (5) can move up and down on the slide saddle (4);

[0047] The crossbeam (3) is installed on the left and right sides of the base (1). The crossbeam (3) has two upper and lower linear guide rails (13) on the side facing the slide saddle (4). The slide saddle (4) has four sliders (14) on the left and right ends. The upper and lower sliders at each end of the slide saddle (4) engage with the corresponding linear guide rails on the crossbeam (3) to ensure that the slide saddle (4) runs smoothly along the X-axis on the crossbeam (3). The stator (7) of the linear motor on the crossbeam (3) is installed between the two linear guide rails. The mover of the linear motor of the slide saddle (4) is installed between the upper and lower sliders. The upper side of the crossbeam (3) is provided with a grating ruler (8). Both ends of the crossbeam (3) are provided with anti-collision blocks (9).

[0048] The worktable (2) is installed on the base (1). Linear guide rails are provided on the left and right sides of the base (1). A slider is provided below the worktable (2). The linear guide rails on the base (1) and the corresponding sliders on the worktable engage with each other to ensure that the worktable (2) runs smoothly along the Y-axis on the base (1). The stator of the linear motor on the base (1) is set between the left and right linear guide rails. The mover of the linear motor on the worktable (2) is set between the left and right sliders. Anti-collision blocks are provided at both ends of the base (1), and a grating ruler is provided in the middle.

[0049] The spindle box (5) is mounted on the slide saddle (4). Sliders are provided on the left and right sides of the side of the spindle box (5) facing the slide saddle. Linear guides are provided on the left and right sides of the side of the slide saddle (4) facing the spindle box. The linear guides on the slide saddle (4) and the corresponding slides on the spindle box (5) engage with each other to ensure that the spindle box (5) runs smoothly along the Z-axis on the slide saddle (4). The stator (10) of the linear motor on the slide saddle (4) is set between the left and right linear guides. The mover of the linear motor on the spindle box (5) is set between the left and right slides. Anti-collision blocks are provided at both ends of the slide saddle (4), and a grating ruler is provided on the outside.

[0050] A cylinder bracket (11) is provided on the slide saddle, and a locking cylinder (12) is installed on the cylinder bracket (11). A piston rod connecting plate is provided on the spindle box (5), and the piston on the locking cylinder (12) is installed on the connecting plate. When the cylinder is inlet, the piston inside the cylinder will be subjected to air pressure, thereby pushing outward and driving the spindle box (5) to reciprocate up and down on the slide saddle (4).

[0051] Furthermore, the B and C axis turntables (6) are installed in the middle of the worktable of the full direct drive five-axis gantry machining center. A pneumatic fixture is installed on the upper end of the C axis. The B and C axis turntables are driven by DDR motors. The C axis rotates 360° around the spindle, and the B axis rotates ±110° around the spindle.

[0052] This application also provides a scroll disk manufactured using a general-purpose scroll disk processing technology, comprising a top structure and a back structure. The top structure has an involute profile; the back structure has a central hole for connecting a bearing to drive the scroll disk to rotate; the back structure has six evenly distributed circular holes, two of which are pin holes for positioning, with a three-clamp fixture using these as a standard to establish pins for positioning; a groove is provided between two adjacent circular holes, for a total of four grooves, which are used to reduce the overall mass of the scroll disk and ensure that the center of mass of the scroll disk is in the exact center. This general-purpose scroll disk can be used as the moving scroll disk of an air conditioning compressor.

[0053] The beneficial technical effects of this application are as follows:

[0054] 1. The general-purpose scroll plate machining process of this application uses a five-axis direct-drive bridge gantry machining center to process the blank workpiece. The five-axis direct-drive bridge gantry machining center is equipped with linear motors on the X, Y, and Z axes. The linear motors work through electromagnetic effect, with no backlash, no wear, and fast response, thus giving the machining process the advantages of high precision, high feed rate, and high machining speed.

[0055] 2. The general-purpose scroll disk machining process of this application uses a four-axis linkage machining method (X / Y / Z / C) to finish the side wall of the involute contour, which makes the machining accuracy of the involute contour of the scroll disk within 0.008mm, greatly improving the product qualification rate.

[0056] 3. The core of the general-purpose scroll disk machining process in this application is the three-clamp scheme. The involute contour accuracy required for the scroll disk part is within 0.008mm and is related to the A / B / C datum. In order to ensure this dimensional accuracy, the process uses the C datum for positioning and processes the A / B datum and the involute contour in one operation. Using a five-axis linkage program, the form and position tolerances and surface finish can be guaranteed to reach Ra0.8.

[0057] 4. The general-purpose scroll plate machining process of this application uses a three-axis machine tool and a five-axis direct-drive bridge gantry machining center to process the workpiece. Since the three-axis machine tool has a lower operating cost, the production cost of the general-purpose scroll plate is reduced, and the process has good economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0058] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the general-purpose scroll disk of this application;

[0059] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of the general-purpose scroll disk of this application;

[0060] Figure 3 This is a dimensional schematic diagram of the back structure of the general-purpose scroll disk of this application;

[0061] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional dimensions of the general-purpose scroll disk of this application;

[0062] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the two-clamp tooling of this application;

[0063] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-clamp fixture of this application;

[0064] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the five-axis direct-drive bridge-type gantry machining center of this application.

[0065] Figure label:

[0066] 1. Base, 2. Worktable, 3. Crossbeam, 4. Saddle, 5. Spindle box, 6. B and C axis turntables, 7. Crossbeam linear motor stator, 8. Grating ruler, 9. Anti-collision block, 10. Saddle linear motor stator, 11. Cylinder bracket, 12. Locking cylinder, 13. Crossbeam linear guide, 14. Saddle slider, 15. Saddle linear guide, 16. Piston rod bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0067] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the following description is provided in conjunction with the appendix. Figure 1-7 The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0068] This invention provides a general-purpose scroll disk machining process, comprising the following steps:

[0069] (1) Inspect the blank workpiece to be processed, check whether there are sand holes or air holes and the flatness of the bottom surface of the blank workpiece, and ensure that there are no sand holes or air holes and the flatness of the bottom surface of the blank workpiece is within 0.1mm.

[0070] (2) Place the qualified blank workpiece into a three-axis machine tool for roughing. Use a concentric vise to clamp the bottom outer circle of the blank workpiece. Before processing, use a dial indicator to adjust the flatness of the workpiece after clamping to within 0.1mm.

[0071] First, machine the top of the blank workpiece. Install a D12.5 tool on a three-axis machine tool to roughen the top of the blank workpiece, leaving a allowance of 0.3mm, i.e., a thickness of 18.5mm.

[0072] The three-axis machine tool continues to use the D12.5 tool to machine the involute contour on the top of the blank workpiece. The three-axis machine tool adopts the contour toolpath to machine the involute contour according to the involute contour equation. During the machining process, the outer wall of the involute contour is reserved with 0.35mm, the bottom of the involute contour is reserved with 0.3mm, and the outermost large circle of the blank workpiece is machined to a mm.

[0073] Next, drill a hole at the center of the bottom of the involute contour of the blank workpiece, with a drilling depth of b mm. The outer edges of each surface on the top of the blank workpiece need to be chamfered by 0.3 mm.

[0074] Deburr and remove tooling after inspection and approval;

[0075] (3) The blank workpiece processed in step (2) is clamped onto the two-clamp fixture, the blank workpiece is pneumatically clamped, and the flatness of the blank workpiece after clamping is adjusted to within 0.1mm by a dial indicator. Confirm that it is clamped tightly without shaking, and check that there are no obvious gaps on the surface.

[0076] On a three-axis machine tool, a D8 flat cutter is installed to roughen the back side of the blank workpiece with a allowance. The entire back surface is the A datum surface, with a 0.1mm allowance. A center hole with a diameter of c mm is machined on the back side of the blank workpiece using the D8 flat cutter, with a machining allowance of 0.1mm. The wall of the center hole with a diameter of c is the B datum surface.

[0077] Use a D8 flat tool to semi-finish n evenly distributed circular holes with a diameter of d mm around the back of the blank workpiece, leaving a allowance of 0.1 mm;

[0078] On a three-axis machine tool, a D5 tool is installed to semi-finish m grooves between the circular holes on the back of the blank workpiece, leaving a 0.1mm allowance.

[0079] Next, the back surface of the blank workpiece is finished. To ensure the flatness requirement of 0.01, a D63 fly cutter with a single insert is used for leveling. At the position where it meets the side wall, a D4 tool is used to sharpen the corner.

[0080] Finish the above m grooves using a D5 high-gloss end mill;

[0081] Finish machine n evenly distributed circular holes, leaving a finishing allowance of 0.005mm on each side. Use a 15.01mm diameter reamer to finally ream the holes and select one of the circular holes as the C reference plane.

[0082] The outer large circle of the precision-machined workpiece is controlled within a-0.6, with a tolerance range of 0 to -0.1.

[0083] All circular holes and outer circles on the machined workpiece were checked for dimensional tolerances using go / no-go gauges.

[0084] Inspect the appearance of the blade pattern; remove it from the machine once it is satisfactory.

[0085] (4) Place the workpiece processed in step (3) into a five-axis direct drive bridge gantry machining center and clamp it in place using a three-clamp fixture. The three-clamp fixture is positioned with two locating pins using the C reference circular hole and another circular hole that is 180 degrees different from the circular hole. The bottom of the A reference surface is flattened and the bottom surface is vacuum adsorbed. A clearance hole of 1mm is left in the middle of the three-clamp fixture.

[0086] First, rotate the B-axis of the worktable by -90 degrees to machine the center hole of the B-base on the back of the workpiece. Use a D12.5 milling cutter to semi-finish the sidewall and bottom of the center hole, with a sidewall allowance of 0.008mm on each side.

[0087] Then use a boring bar to machine the sidewall of the center hole to the required allowance, and then switch to a chamfering tool to chamfer 0.3mm to remove burrs;

[0088] Then rotate the B-axis of the worktable 90 degrees to perform semi-finishing of the top of the workpiece. Use a high-gloss milling cutter to semi-finish the top surface, side walls and bottom of the involute curve, leaving a 0.05mm allowance for the involute curve contour.

[0089] The bottom of the involute contour of the workpiece is finished using a D8 tool and a four-axis (X / Y / Z / C) linkage machining method to ensure that the flatness accuracy required by the drawing reaches 0.005mm.

[0090] The sidewall finishing of the involute profile is performed using a four-axis (X / Y / Z / C) plus one-axis linkage machining method. The purpose is to ensure that the accuracy of the involute profile required by the drawing is within 0.008. This profile machining accuracy is related to the three datums A / B / C.

[0091] The sidewall of the involute profile is finished in three cuts with a uniform step distance using a D8 tool, i.e., step distance 0.05 / 3 = 0.0133mm;

[0092] All protruding corners of the workpiece are chamfered by 0.3mm to remove burrs, forming a scroll plate product;

[0093] The core of this process is the three-clamp scheme. This is because the involute profile accuracy required for the moving disc parts is within 0.008mm and is related to the A / B / C datum. Secondly, it ensures a wall height perpendicularity of 0.01mm at 18.2mm. To ensure this dimensional accuracy, the C datum is used for positioning, and the A / B datum and involute profile are machined in one operation. Using a five-axis linkage program can guarantee the geometric tolerances and surface finish Ra0.8.

[0094] The processed scroll plate product is sent to a Zeiss coordinate measuring machine to check the product profile and other dimensional tolerances.

[0095] (6) If the above products pass the inspection, the product surface shall be chemically treated with nickel plating, with a plating layer of 0.015-0.02mm and a surface hardness of >= HV400;

[0096] a, b, c, d are size parameters, and m and n are the number of items.

[0097] Furthermore, in step (1), die-cast aluminum 4032 is selected as the blank workpiece for making the general-purpose scroll disk, and the circular blank of the die-cast blank workpiece is designed according to the simplified design of the scroll disk product. In order to ensure consistent machining allowance, the thickness of one side is increased by 1mm, and the thickness of various holes and grooves on the back is increased by 1mm. The outermost diameter is cast to a+3.4mm.

[0098] Furthermore, in the above parameters, a is 86.6mm, b is 2.5mm, c is 37mm, d is 15mm, n is 6, and m is 4.

[0099] Furthermore, the second clamping fixture in step (3) is a gas-driven three-jaw centering chuck, which locks the position of the scroll plate workpiece by the positioning block and clamps the scroll plate workpiece by the three jaws.

[0100] Furthermore, the three-clamp fixture in step (4) has a hollow structure, which is intended to clamp the workpiece by vacuum adsorption. To ensure dimensional accuracy, there are positioning pins on the surface that match the workpiece. At the position where it fits the back of the workpiece, a 2mm sealing ring is used to ensure airtightness. Because it is used in a five-axis direct drive bridge gantry machining center, the connection between the air pipe connector and the machine tool table is thickened and positioned with screws. In order to accommodate different models of scroll plate workpieces, the middle part of the three-clamp fixture is a replaceable core module.

[0101] Furthermore, in step (2), when machining the involute contour using the contouring toolpath, the equation of the curve inside the involute contour is:

[0102]

[0103]

[0104] The equation of the curve on the outer side of the involute profile is:

[0105]

[0106]

[0107] Among them, (x 内 y 内(x) represents the coordinates of any point inside the involute profile. 外 y 外 () represents the coordinates of any point outside the involute profile; r is the radius of the base circle; α is the involute development angle; β and α are the involute initiation angles, respectively.

[0108] Furthermore, from Figure 7 It can be seen that the five-axis direct drive bridge gantry machining center in step (4) includes: base (1), worktable (2), crossbeam (3), slide saddle (4) and spindle box (5); a linear motor is provided between the base (1) and the worktable (2) so that the worktable (2) can move back and forth on the base (1); a linear motor is provided between the slide saddle (4) and the crossbeam (3) so that the slide saddle (4) can move left and right on the crossbeam (3); a linear motor is provided between the spindle box (5) on the slide saddle (4) and the slide saddle (4) so ​​that the spindle box (5) can move up and down on the slide saddle (4);

[0109] The crossbeam (3) is installed on the left and right sides of the base (1). The crossbeam (3) has two upper and lower linear guide rails (13) on the side facing the slide saddle (4). The slide saddle (4) has four sliders (14) on the left and right ends. The upper and lower sliders at each end of the slide saddle (4) engage with the corresponding linear guide rails on the crossbeam (3) to ensure that the slide saddle (4) runs smoothly along the X-axis on the crossbeam (3). The stator (7) of the linear motor on the crossbeam (3) is installed between the two linear guide rails. The mover of the linear motor of the slide saddle (4) is installed between the upper and lower sliders. The upper side of the crossbeam (3) is provided with a grating ruler (8). Both ends of the crossbeam (3) are provided with anti-collision blocks (9).

[0110] The worktable (2) is installed on the base (1). Linear guide rails are provided on the left and right sides of the base (1). A slider is provided below the worktable (2). The linear guide rails on the base (1) and the corresponding sliders on the worktable engage with each other to ensure that the worktable (2) runs smoothly along the Y-axis on the base (1). The stator of the linear motor on the base (1) is set between the left and right linear guide rails. The mover of the linear motor on the worktable (2) is set between the left and right sliders. Anti-collision blocks are provided at both ends of the base (1), and a grating ruler is provided in the middle.

[0111] The spindle box (5) is mounted on the slide saddle (4). Sliders are provided on the left and right sides of the side of the spindle box (5) facing the slide saddle. Linear guides are provided on the left and right sides of the side of the slide saddle (4) facing the spindle box. The linear guides on the slide saddle (4) and the corresponding slides on the spindle box (5) engage with each other to ensure that the spindle box (5) runs smoothly along the Z-axis on the slide saddle (4). The stator (10) of the linear motor on the slide saddle (4) is set between the left and right linear guides. The mover of the linear motor on the spindle box (5) is set between the left and right slides. Anti-collision blocks are provided at both ends of the slide saddle (4), and a grating ruler is provided on the outside.

[0112] A cylinder bracket (11) is installed on the slide saddle, and a locking cylinder (12) is mounted on the cylinder bracket (11). A piston rod connecting plate is provided on the spindle box (5), and the piston on the locking cylinder (12) is mounted on the connecting plate. When the cylinder is filled with air, the piston inside the cylinder will be pushed outward by the air pressure, thereby driving the spindle box (5) to reciprocate up and down on the slide saddle (4). The function of the locking cylinder is to help reduce the weight of the Z-axis, as well as to cut off the air supply and prevent components on the Z-axis from falling and hitting the worktable.

[0113] Furthermore, the B and C axis turntables (6) are installed in the middle of the worktable of the full direct drive five-axis gantry machining center. A pneumatic fixture is installed on the upper end of the C axis. The B and C axis turntables are driven by DDR motors. The C axis rotates 360° around the spindle, and the B axis rotates ±110° around the spindle.

[0114] from Figure 1-2 As can be seen, the scroll disk manufactured using the above-mentioned general-purpose scroll disk processing technology includes a top structure and a back structure. The top structure has an involute profile; the back structure has a central hole for connecting the bearing and driving the scroll disk to rotate; the back structure has six evenly distributed circular holes, one of which is a pin hole for positioning. The three-clamp fixture uses this as a standard to establish the pin for positioning. A groove is set between two adjacent circular holes, for a total of four grooves. The grooves are used to reduce the overall mass of the moving scroll disk and ensure that the center of mass of the moving scroll disk is in the center. This general-purpose scroll disk can be used as the moving scroll disk of an air conditioning compressor. Furthermore, Figure 3-4 It is a machining dimension drawing for a certain type of general-purpose scroll plate.

[0115] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit this application. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A general-purpose scroll disk machining process, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: (1) Inspect the blank workpiece to be processed, check whether there are sand holes or air holes and the flatness of the bottom surface of the blank workpiece, and ensure that there are no sand holes or air holes and the flatness of the bottom surface of the blank workpiece is within 0.1mm. (2) Place the qualified blank workpiece into a three-axis machine tool for roughing. Use a concentric vise to clamp the bottom outer circle of the blank workpiece. Before processing, use a dial indicator to adjust the flatness of the workpiece after clamping to within 0.1mm. First, machine the top of the blank workpiece. Install a D12.5 tool on a three-axis machine tool to roughen the top of the blank workpiece, leaving a 0.3mm allowance at the top. The three-axis machine tool continues to use the D12.5 tool to machine the involute contour on the top of the blank workpiece. The three-axis machine tool adopts the contour toolpath to machine the involute contour according to the involute contour equation. During the machining process, the outer wall of the involute contour is reserved with 0.35mm, the bottom of the involute contour is reserved with 0.3mm, and the outermost large circle of the blank workpiece is machined to a mm. Next, drill a hole at the center of the bottom of the involute contour of the blank workpiece, with a drilling depth of b mm. The outer edges of each surface on the top of the blank workpiece need to be chamfered by 0.3 mm. Deburr and remove tooling after inspection and approval; (3) The blank workpiece processed in step (2) is clamped onto the two-clamp fixture, the blank workpiece is pneumatically clamped, and the flatness of the blank workpiece after clamping is adjusted to within 0.1mm by a dial indicator. Confirm that it is clamped tightly without shaking, and check that there are no obvious gaps on the surface. On a three-axis machine tool, a D8 flat cutter is installed to roughen the back side of the blank workpiece with a allowance. The entire back surface is the A datum surface, with a 0.1mm allowance. A center hole with a diameter of c mm is machined on the back side of the blank workpiece using the D8 flat cutter, with a machining allowance of 0.1mm. The wall of the center hole with a diameter of c is the B datum surface. Use a D8 flat tool to semi-finish n evenly distributed circular holes with a diameter of d mm around the back of the blank workpiece, leaving a allowance of 0.1 mm; On a three-axis machine tool, a D5 tool is installed to semi-finish m grooves between the circular holes on the back of the blank workpiece, leaving a 0.1mm allowance. Next, the back surface of the blank workpiece is finished. To ensure the flatness requirement of 0.01, a D63 fly cutter with a single insert is used for leveling. At the position where it meets the side wall, a D4 tool is used to sharpen the corner. Finish the above m grooves using a D5 high-gloss end mill; Finish machine n evenly distributed circular holes, leaving a finishing allowance of 0.005mm on each side. Use a 15.01mm diameter reamer to finally ream the holes and select one of the circular holes as the C reference plane. The outer large circle of the precision-machined workpiece is controlled within a-0.6, with a tolerance range of 0 to -0.

1. All circular holes and outer circles on the machined workpiece were checked for dimensional tolerances using go / no-go gauges. Inspect the appearance of the blade pattern; remove it from the machine once it is satisfactory. (4) Place the workpiece processed in step (3) into a five-axis direct drive bridge gantry machining center and clamp it in place using a three-clamp fixture. The three-clamp fixture is positioned with two locating pins using the C datum hole, the bottom of the A datum surface is leveled, and the bottom surface is vacuum-adsorbed. A clearance hole with a gap of 1mm is left in the middle of the three-clamp fixture. First, rotate the B-axis of the worktable by -90 degrees to machine the center hole of the B-base on the back of the workpiece. Use a D12.5 milling cutter to semi-finish the sidewall and bottom of the center hole, with a sidewall allowance of 0.008mm on each side. Then use a boring bar to machine the sidewall of the center hole to the required allowance, and then switch to a chamfering tool to chamfer 0.3mm to remove burrs; Then rotate the B-axis of the worktable 90 degrees to perform semi-finishing of the top of the workpiece. Use a high-gloss milling cutter to semi-finish the top surface, side walls and bottom of the involute curve, leaving a 0.05mm allowance for the involute curve contour. The bottom of the involute contour of the workpiece is finished using a D8 tool and a four-axis (X / Y / Z / C) linkage machining method to ensure that the flatness accuracy required by the drawing reaches 0.005mm. The sidewall finishing of the involute profile is performed using a four-axis (X / Y / Z / C) plus one-axis linkage machining method. The purpose is to ensure that the accuracy of the involute profile required by the drawing is within 0.

008. This profile machining accuracy is related to the three datums A / B / C. The sidewall of the involute profile is finished in three cuts with a uniform step distance using a D8 tool, i.e., step distance 0.05 / 3 = 0.0133mm; All protruding corners of the workpiece are chamfered by 0.3mm to remove burrs, forming a scroll plate product; The processed scroll plate product is sent to a Zeiss coordinate measuring machine to check the product profile and other dimensional tolerances. (5) If the above products pass the inspection, the product surface shall be chemically treated with nickel plating, with a plating layer of 0.015-0.02mm and a surface hardness of >= HV400; a, b, c, d are size parameters, and m and n are the number of items.

2. The general-purpose scroll disk machining process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), die-cast aluminum 4032 is selected as the blank workpiece for making the general-purpose scroll disk. The circular blank of the die-cast blank workpiece is designed according to the simplified design of the scroll disk product. To ensure consistent machining allowance, the thickness of one side is increased by 1mm, and the thickness of various holes and grooves on the back side is increased by 1mm. The outermost diameter is cast to a+3.4mm.

3. A general-purpose scroll disk machining process according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: In the above parameters, a is 86.6mm, b is 2.5mm, c is 37mm, d is 15mm, n is 6, and m is 4.

4. The general-purpose scroll disk machining process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two clamping fixtures in step (3) are gas-driven three-jaw centering chucks, which lock the position of the moving scroll plate workpiece by positioning blocks and clamp the scroll plate workpiece by three jaws.

5. The general-purpose scroll disk machining process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-clamp fixture in step (4) has a hollow structure and is designed to clamp the workpiece by vacuum adsorption. To ensure dimensional accuracy, there are positioning pins on the surface that match the workpiece. A 2mm sealing ring is used to ensure airtightness at the position where it fits the back of the workpiece. Because it is used in a five-axis direct drive bridge gantry machining center, the connection between the air pipe connector and the machine tool table is thickened and positioned with screws. In order to accommodate different models of scroll plate workpieces, the middle part of the three-clamp fixture is a replaceable core module.

6. The general-purpose scroll disk machining process according to claim 1, characterized in that: When machining the involute contour using the contouring toolpath in step (2), the curve equation on the inner side of the involute contour is: The equation of the curve on the outer side of the involute profile is: Among them, (x 内 y 内 (x) represents the coordinates of any point inside the involute profile. 外 y 外 () represents the coordinates of any point outside the involute profile; r is the radius of the base circle; α is the involute development angle; β and α are the involute initiation angles, respectively.

7. The general-purpose scroll disk machining process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The five-axis direct-drive bridge gantry machining center in step (4) includes: a base (1), a worktable (2), a crossbeam (3), a slide saddle (4), and a spindle box (5); a linear motor is provided between the base (1) and the worktable (2) so that the worktable (2) can move back and forth on the base (1); a linear motor is provided between the slide saddle (4) and the crossbeam (3) so that the slide saddle (4) can move left and right on the crossbeam (3); a linear motor is provided between the spindle box (5) on the slide saddle (4) and the slide saddle (4) so ​​that the spindle box (5) can move up and down on the slide saddle (4); The crossbeam (3) is installed on the left and right sides of the base (1). The crossbeam (3) has two upper and lower linear guide rails (13) on the side facing the slide saddle (4). The slide saddle (4) has four sliders (14) on the left and right ends. The upper and lower sliders at each end of the slide saddle (4) engage with the corresponding linear guide rails on the crossbeam (3) to ensure that the slide saddle (4) runs smoothly along the X-axis on the crossbeam (3). The stator (7) of the linear motor on the crossbeam (3) is installed between the two linear guide rails. The mover of the linear motor of the slide saddle (4) is installed between the upper and lower sliders. The upper side of the crossbeam (3) is provided with a grating ruler (8). Both ends of the crossbeam (3) are provided with anti-collision blocks (9). The worktable (2) is installed on the base (1). Linear guide rails are provided on the left and right sides of the base (1). A slider is provided below the worktable (2). The linear guide rails on the base (1) and the corresponding sliders on the worktable engage with each other to ensure that the worktable (2) runs smoothly along the Y-axis on the base (1). The stator of the linear motor on the base (1) is set between the left and right linear guide rails. The mover of the linear motor on the worktable (2) is set between the left and right sliders. Anti-collision blocks are provided at both ends of the base (1), and a grating ruler is provided in the middle. The spindle box (5) is mounted on the slide saddle (4). Sliders are provided on the left and right sides of the side of the spindle box (5) facing the slide saddle. Linear guides are provided on the left and right sides of the side of the slide saddle (4) facing the spindle box. The linear guides on the slide saddle (4) and the corresponding slides on the spindle box (5) engage with each other to ensure that the spindle box (5) runs smoothly along the Z-axis on the slide saddle (4). The stator (10) of the linear motor on the slide saddle (4) is set between the left and right linear guides. The mover of the linear motor on the spindle box (5) is set between the left and right slides. Anti-collision blocks are provided at both ends of the slide saddle (4), and a grating ruler is provided on the outside. A cylinder bracket (11) is provided on the slide saddle, and a locking cylinder (12) is installed on the cylinder bracket (11). A piston rod connecting plate is provided on the spindle box (5), and the piston on the locking cylinder (12) is installed on the connecting plate. When the cylinder is inlet, the piston inside the cylinder will be subjected to air pressure, thereby pushing outward and driving the spindle box (5) to reciprocate up and down on the slide saddle (4).

8. The general-purpose scroll disk machining process according to claim 7, characterized in that: The B and C axis turntables (6) are installed in the middle of the worktable of the full direct drive five-axis gantry machining center. A pneumatic fixture is installed on the upper end of the C axis. The B and C axis turntables are driven by DDR motors. The C axis rotates 360° around the spindle, and the B axis rotates ±110° around the spindle.

9. A scroll disk prepared by a general-purpose scroll disk processing technology according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: It includes a top structure and a back structure. The top structure has an involute profile. The back structure has a central hole for connecting the bearing and driving the scroll disk to rotate. There are 6 evenly distributed circular holes on the back structure. Two of the circular holes are pin holes for positioning. The three-clamp fixture uses these as a standard to set the pins for positioning. There is a groove between two adjacent circular holes. A total of 4 grooves are machined. The grooves are used to reduce the overall mass of the scroll disk and ensure that the center of mass of the scroll disk is in the center.

Images