A spindle nut vertical upward elastic following force assisting device and installation method

Abstract

The application discloses a spindle nut vertical upward elastic following assisting device and mounting method, and belongs to the technical field of machine tool mounting. The device comprises a supporting seat, a compression spring, a sliding shaft, a guiding limiting pin, a positioning set screw, an adjusting bolt, an anti-loosening nut and a ball. The supporting seat is a cylinder, and the cylinder is sleeved with the sliding shaft. An axle hole is formed in the center of the bottom surface of the cylinder, and the bottom of the sliding shaft is provided with a shaft rod inserted into the axle hole. The shaft rod is sleeved with the compression spring, the top of the adjusting bolt is screwed into the sliding shaft, the top of the adjusting bolt is provided with the anti-loosening nut, and the anti-loosening nut is provided with the ball exposed from the top conical hole. A sliding groove is formed in the side wall of the sliding shaft, the side wall of the supporting seat is provided with the guiding limiting pin screwed into the sliding groove of the sliding shaft, and the side wall of the supporting seat is provided with the positioning set screw limiting the guiding limiting pin. A group of the device is placed under the large spindle circular nut to balance the gravity of the large spindle circular nut, so that the operator can easily screw the spindle circular nut into the predetermined position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a vertically upward elastic following assist device for a spindle nut and its installation method, belonging to the field of machine tool installation technology. Background Technology

[0002] In heavy-duty machine tools, the spindle box is designed as a closed structure to ensure the rigidity of the machine tool. This is called a closed spindle box. This brings great difficulty to the assembly of its core component, the spindle system. We can only use vertical hoisting technology, that is, the spindle box is erected, and the large-size spindle round nut, the key component used for axial preload bearing of the spindle, is placed in the mounting cavity of the spindle box in advance. The spindle system is then vertically installed from the front end, that is, the spindle is inserted into the predetermined position where the large-size spindle round nut will be screwed in. Then the large-size spindle round nut is screwed upward into the spindle mounting position to complete the installation process of the large-size spindle nut.

[0003] Due to the large size and weight of the spindle round nut (over 100 kg), manual operation by assemblers is extremely difficult and time-consuming. Even slight deviations can lead to instability of the center of gravity, resulting in difficulties in thread alignment and the risk of damage.

[0004] Currently, in the installation of similar structures in heavy machine tools, due to the scarcity of production, experienced operators rely on traditional methods such as wooden blocks and crowbars to manually explore assembly and adjustment, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and results in low assembly quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, this invention provides a vertically upward elastic following assist device and installation method for a spindle nut. By pre-positioning the elastic following assist support group below a large-size spindle nut to balance its weight, the operator can easily screw the spindle nut into the predetermined design position.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: a vertically upward elastically following assist device for a main shaft nut, comprising a support base, a compression spring, a sliding shaft, a guide limit pin, a positioning set screw, an adjusting bolt, an anti-loosening nut, and ball bearings. The support base is a cylindrical body without a top cap, and the sliding shaft is fitted inside the cylindrical body. A shaft hole is opened at the center of the bottom surface of the cylindrical body. A shaft rod is provided at the bottom of the sliding shaft and inserted into the shaft hole. A compression spring is fitted on the shaft rod. An adjusting bolt is threaded into the top of the sliding shaft. An anti-loosening nut is provided at the top of the adjusting bolt. A ball bearing protrudes from the tapered hole at the top of the anti-loosening nut. A groove is opened on the side wall of the sliding shaft. A guide limit pin is threaded into the groove of the sliding shaft on the side wall of the support base. A positioning set screw for limiting the guide limit pin is provided on the side wall of the support base.

[0007] A method for installing a vertically upward elastic following assist device for a spindle nut includes the following steps: Step 1: The spindle housing is placed vertically on the work surface, with the spindle axis perpendicular to the horizontal plane. Bearings, gear rings, and other parts to be installed are pre-placed at their respective installation positions on the spindle housing and spindle. Step 2: A set of elastic following assist support devices is pre-placed below a large-size spindle nut inside the spindle housing cavity. The height is adjusted using support pads. The large-size spindle nut is then placed on top of the elastic following assist support devices. Step 3: The height of the elastic following assist support devices is adjusted by turning the adjusting bolts to balance the extension of the compression springs and achieve a balanced support capacity for each device. The large-size spindle nut is then placed horizontally, and moved to align with the spindle thread. Step 4: The large-size spindle nut is rotated so that it rotates upward along the external thread of the spindle under the rolling support of the balls to reach the installation position. During rotation, the compression spring continuously extends to provide elastic following assist. When rotation becomes difficult, the adjusting bolts are turned again to compress the springs, thus providing additional support to the elastic following assist device.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this invention are: it solves the problems of large-size nuts being heavy, difficult to align the threads, and requiring a lot of effort to operate. When large-size nuts are screwed into the upper part of heavy machine tools and machinery, a set of elastic following and assistive support devices are pre-placed below the large spindle round nut to balance the weight of the large spindle round nut, allowing the operator to easily screw the spindle round nut into the predetermined design position.

[0009] Meanwhile, this elastic follow-up assist support device also has the technical advantage of increasing the elastic follow-up assist support spring as the large spindle round nut rises, causing the assist to gradually decrease. We can restore the assist capacity to the optimal state by adjusting the support rod assembly.

[0010] This invention patent is applied to the installation process of the large-sized spindle round nut in the spindle box (component weight 70,000 kg) of the core component of the HTIII450X160 / 350L0NC machine tool (maximum machining diameter 4500 mm, maximum load 350,000 kg, core heavy machine tool used to process the largest nuclear power rotor in China) developed and manufactured by our company for Harbin Turbine Works Co., Ltd. Attached Figure Description

[0011] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the large-size spindle round nut and the spindle in the spindle box.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram when the main axis is in a vertical position.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention installed inside the spindle box.

[0015] Figure 4 This is a sectional view (AA) of the present invention installed inside the spindle box.

[0016] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention.

[0017] Numbering on the map:

[0018] 1. Spindle housing; 2. Spindle; 3. Large-size spindle round nut; 4. Elastic follow-up assist support device; 5. Support pad; 401. Support seat; 402. Compression spring; 403. Sliding shaft; 404. Guide limit pin; 405. Positioning set screw; 406. Adjusting bolt; 407. Anti-loosening nut; 408. Ball bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0019] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a spindle nut vertically upward elastic following assist device includes a support base 401, a compression spring 402, a sliding shaft 403, a guide limit pin 404, a positioning set screw 405, an adjusting bolt 406, an anti-loosening nut 407, and a ball bearing 408.

[0020] The support base 401 is a cylindrical body without a top cover, and its bottom is provided with a proportionally outward-expanding base. Inside the support base 401 is a sliding shaft 403 that can slide up and down. The diameter of the sliding shaft 403 is the same as the inner diameter of the cylinder of the support base 401, and the height of the sliding shaft 403 is close to half the depth of the inner cylinder of the support base 401.

[0021] The support base 401 has a shaft hole at the center of the bottom surface. The bottom of the sliding shaft 403 is provided with a shaft rod that can be inserted into the shaft hole of the support base 401. The shaft rod is a certain distance away from the bottom surface of the support base 401, so as to facilitate the downward movement of the sliding shaft 403.

[0022] A compression spring 402 is fitted on the shaft to support the sliding shaft 403. The downward movement of the sliding shaft 403 is the compression process of the compression spring 402.

[0023] An adjusting bolt 406 is screwed into the top of the sliding shaft 403. The top of the adjusting bolt 406 is provided with an anti-loosening nut 407. Inside the anti-loosening nut 407 is a ball 408 located in the conical hole at the top of the adjusting bolt 406. The center of the anti-loosening nut 407 has a conical hole, and the top of the ball 408 protrudes from the conical hole, allowing the ball 408 to roll on the conical hole.

[0024] A groove parallel to the axis of the sliding shaft 403 is provided on the side wall of the sliding shaft 403. The top of the groove penetrates the top surface of the sliding shaft 403, and the bottom of the groove is at a certain distance from the bottom surface of the sliding shaft 403.

[0025] A guide pin 404 is provided on the side wall of the support base 401, which is threaded into the sliding groove of the sliding shaft 403. The end of the guide pin 404 does not contact the inner wall of the groove. The diameter of the end of the guide pin 404 is the same as the groove width, thereby limiting the rotation of the sliding shaft 403 and limiting its extension length.

[0026] A threaded positioning set screw 405 is provided next to the guide limit pin 404 on the side wall of the support base 401. The positioning set screw 405 limits the rotation of the guide limit pin 404, thereby fixing the position of the guide limit pin 404.

[0027] A method for installing a spindle nut vertically upward elastically following assist device:

[0028] Step 1: Place the spindle housing 1 vertically on the assembly work site, and at the same time adjust the axis of the spindle 2 to be perpendicular to the horizontal plane. At this time, place the bearings, gear rings and other parts that need to be installed in the installation positions of the spindle housing 1 and the spindle 2, so that they are in the assembly state.

[0029] Step 2: Set up six sets of elastic follower assist support devices 4 as a group (depending on the different models and specifications of the spindle 2 and the large-size spindle round nut 3, the number of elastic follower assist support devices 4 used in a group can also be 3 or 4). Place a group of elastic follower assist support devices 4 in the cavity of the spindle housing 1 in advance, located below the large-size spindle round nut 3. The height can be adjusted in advance by the support pad 5 to leave space above it for placing the large-size spindle round nut 3. Then place the large-size spindle round nut 3 on the elastic follower assist support device 4.

[0030] Step 3: Adjust the height of the elastic following assist support device 4 (threaded structure, can be raised and lowered by rotation) by turning the adjusting bolt 406. When the ball 408 of the elastic following assist support device 4 contacts the bottom surface of the large-size spindle round nut 3, continue to rotate the adjusting screw 406 to make the extension size of its sliding shaft 403 consistent, thereby adjusting the elongation of the compression spring 402 to balance, so that the support capacity of each elastic following assist support device 4 is balanced, and the installation position of the large-size spindle round nut 3 is horizontal. At the same time, move the large-size spindle round nut 3 in the horizontal plane to align it with the thread of the spindle 2.

[0031] Step 4: Manually rotate the large-size spindle round nut 3 so that it can freely rotate upward along the external thread of the spindle 2 under the rolling support of the ball bearings 408 to reach the installation position; during the rotation process, the compression spring 402 continuously extends to achieve elastic follow-up assistance. When manual rotation becomes difficult, the adjusting bolt 406 can be turned again to compress the compression spring 402 in the support seat 401, so that the elastic follow-up assistance support device can be strengthened again.

[0032] Based on Hooke's Law and the theory of force balance, this invention ingeniously designs an elastic following assist support device. A set of elastic following assist support devices is pre-placed under the large spindle round nut to balance the weight of the large spindle round nut, easily and conveniently solving the problem of the large spindle round nut being difficult to align with the spindle thread and screw in.

[0033] Relevant design calculation basis:

[0034] af=kx

[0035] b.

[0036] In the formula:

[0037] f: Maximum load-bearing capacity of the elastic follow-up assist support device 4;

[0038] k: elastic coefficient;

[0039] x: Compression amount of spring 402;

[0040] G: Weight of large-size spindle round nut (3);

[0041] ∑F: The resultant force balancing the weight of the large-size spindle round nut;

[0042] n: Number of elastic follow-up assist support devices 4 used (n=3, 4, or 6 depending on the spindle structure)

[0043] Ψ: Capacity reserve coefficient of elastic follow-up assist support device 4 (Ψ=50%).

[0044] Meanwhile, this elastic follow-up assist support device also has the technical advantage that as the large spindle round nut rises, the elastic follow-up assist support spring grows, and the assist gradually decreases. We can restore the assist capacity to the optimal state by adjusting the adjusting bolt 406.

Claims

1. A method for installing a spindle nut vertically upward elastically following assist device, characterized in that: Step 1: Place the spindle housing (1) vertically on the work surface, with the spindle (2) axis perpendicular to the horizontal plane. Place the parts to be installed at the installation positions of the spindle housing (1) and the spindle (2). Step 2: Place a set of elastic following assist support devices (4) in the cavity of the spindle housing (1), below the large-size spindle round nut (3). Adjust the height using support pads (5). Place the large-size spindle round nut (3) on top of the elastic following assist support devices (4). Step 3: Tighten the adjusting bolt (406) to adjust the height of the elastic following assist support devices (4) and adjust the elongation of the compression spring (402) to balance each. The support capacity of the elastic follow-assist support device (4) is balanced, so that the installation position of the large-size spindle round nut (3) is horizontal. Move the large-size spindle round nut (3) to align it with the thread of the spindle (2); Step 4: Rotate the large-size spindle round nut (3) so that it is screwed upward along the external thread of the spindle (2) under the rolling support of the ball (408) to reach the installation position; During the screwing process, the compression spring (402) continuously extends to achieve elastic follow-assist. When the screwing is difficult, tighten the adjusting bolt (406) again to compress the compression spring (402) in the support seat (401) so that the elastic follow-assist support device (4) can increase the support force again; The vertical upward elastic following assist device for the main spindle nut includes a support base (401), a compression spring (402), a sliding shaft (403), a guide limit pin (404), a positioning set screw (405), an adjusting bolt (406), an anti-loosening nut (407), and a ball bearing (408). The support base (401) is a cylindrical body without a top cap, and its bottom is provided with a proportionally expanded base. The sliding shaft (403) that can slide up and down is fitted inside the support base (401). A shaft hole is opened in the center of the bottom surface of the support base (401). The bottom of the sliding shaft (403) is provided with a shaft rod that is inserted into the shaft hole of the support base (401). A compression spring (402) supporting the sliding shaft (403) is fitted on the shaft rod. An adjusting bolt (406) is screwed into the top of the sliding shaft (403). The top of the adjusting bolt (406) is provided with a... The anti-loosening nut (407) has a ball (408) inside the tapered hole at the top of the adjusting bolt (406). The center of the anti-loosening nut (407) has a tapered hole, and the top of the ball (408) protrudes from the tapered hole. A groove parallel to its axis is provided on the side wall of the sliding shaft (403). A guide limit pin (404) threaded into the groove of the sliding shaft (403) is provided on the side wall of the support seat (401). A positioning set screw (405) threaded into the guide limit pin (404) is provided on the side wall of the support seat (401). The guide limit pin (404) is limited by the positioning set screw (405). Depending on the different models and specifications of the main shaft (2) and the large-size main shaft round nut (3), the number of elastic following assist support devices (4) used is 3, 4 or 6.

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