Oil sludge hydrothermal reaction system and oil sludge hydrothermal reaction treatment method

Abstract

The application provides an oil sludge hydrothermal reaction system and an oil sludge hydrothermal reaction treatment method. The oil sludge hydrothermal reaction system comprises a plurality of hydrothermal reaction kettles. The hydrothermal reaction kettles are provided with gas inlets and gas outlets. The gas outlets are provided with sedimentators. The gas outlets of the hydrothermal reaction kettles are connected with a waste gas purification system through the sedimentators and first valves. The gas inlets of the hydrothermal reaction kettles are connected with a steam system through second valves. The hydrothermal reaction kettles are arranged in sequence. The gas outlet of a front hydrothermal reaction kettle is connected with the gas inlet of a rear hydrothermal reaction kettle through the sedimentator and a third valve. Through the application, the technical problem that the valve body is damaged and air leakage is caused by carrying sludge when pressure equalization or exhaust is performed in the oil sludge hydrothermal reaction is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of solid waste pollution prevention, and in particular to an oil sludge hydrothermal reaction system and an oil sludge hydrothermal reaction treatment method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The oil sludge hydrothermal-flash evaporation treatment is a method of heating the oil sludge in a closed reaction kettle under certain temperature and pressure conditions, breaking the oil sludge flocculation, dissolving, cracking or oxidizing part of the organic matter, and dissolving and converting the inorganic matter, so as to change the occurrence state of water in the oil sludge, destroy the stability of the oil sludge, improve the dewatering performance of the oil sludge, and realize the dewatering and oil recovery of the oil sludge.

[0003] Since the single reaction kettle is operated intermittently, multiple reaction kettles are generally used in parallel in industrial applications, and the overall treatment process is continuously operated. The multiple reaction kettles are operated at equal pressure, that is, the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas after the reaction of a reaction kettle is directly introduced into the material to be heated in the reaction kettle for heating until the pressure of the two reaction kettles at equal pressure is close to each other, which can greatly save heating steam, realize effective utilization of heat, and reduce the subsequent exhaust gas cooling load, thereby helping to reduce the energy consumption of the whole process and realizing energy saving and consumption reduction. For example, the Chinese patent application CN103386411A discloses a hydrothermal treatment method and system for biomass waste, which utilizes the steam pressure difference between the hydrothermal reaction devices to complete the equal pressure and equal temperature of the steam of the two hydrothermal reaction devices in the heating process, and improves the heat exchange efficiency and reduces the original steam consumption through the multi-stage equal pressure between the hydrothermal reactors.

[0004] However, since the oil sludge and sludge may contain fine sand and hard materials, when the equal pressure is opened or the exhaust gas is discharged, the pressure difference between the kettle and the pipeline is large, which can cause the water in the kettle to be instantaneously depressurized and vaporized, and the solid-phase materials are carried out at the same time. The hard materials in the solid-phase materials adhere to the valve body after entering the pipeline, which causes the valve body to be not tightly closed or the valve body contact surface to be worn, resulting in damage to the valve body and gas leakage, shortening the service life of the valve, and seriously affecting the long-period stable operation of the device. However, there is no report on the design and use of the purification measures in the existing hydrothermal system and equipment patents. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application relates to the technical field of solid waste pollution prevention, and in particular to an oil sludge hydrothermal reaction system and an oil sludge hydrothermal reaction treatment method.

[0006] The above-mentioned purpose of the present application can be realized by using the following technical scheme:

[0007] The oil sludge hydrothermal reaction system comprises a plurality of hydrothermal reaction kettles, the hydrothermal reaction kettle is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air outlet is provided with a settler.

[0008] The air outlet of the hydrothermal reaction kettle is connected with a waste gas purification system through the settler and a first valve, and the air inlet of the hydrothermal reaction kettle is connected with a steam system through a second valve.

[0009] The plurality of hydrothermal reaction kettles are arranged in sequence, the air outlet of a front hydrothermal reaction kettle is connected with the air inlet of a rear hydrothermal reaction kettle through the settler and a third valve.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the settler comprises a cylinder and a folded plate, the cylinder is fixed to the air inlet, the waste gas in the hydrothermal reaction kettle can flow outward through the cylinder, the folded plate is fixed in the cylinder, the folded plate is arranged obliquely relative to the longitudinal direction of the cylinder, and the projection area of the folded plate is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the cylinder in the projection perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cylinder.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the folded plate is fixed to the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the outer contour of the folded plate comprises an elliptical line part and a straight line part, and the elliptical line part is fitted to the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the central angle between the two ends of the projection of the elliptical line part is in the range of 180°-270° in the projection perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cylinder.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the cylinder is arranged in the up-down direction, the waste gas in the hydrothermal reaction kettle can flow outward from bottom to top through the cylinder, the upper end of the folded plate is fitted to the inner wall of the cylinder, and the lower end of the folded plate is provided with an air outlet channel for the upward flow of the waste gas.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the cylinder is cylindrical, the folded plate is a symmetrical flat plate, and the included angle between the longitudinal direction of the cylinder and the folded plate is in the range of 45°-60°.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of folded plates are arranged in the cylinder in the up-down direction, and two adjacent folded plates are arranged oppositely.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, a stop valve is connected to the outlet of the settler, and the first valve and the second valve are both connected to the settler through the stop valve.

[0018] The present application provides a kind of sludge hydrothermal reaction processing method, using the above-mentioned sludge hydrothermal reaction system, comprising: after completing reaction in the former water heat reaction kettle, the spent gas in it enters the next water heat reaction kettle through the settler and the third valve.

[0019] The characteristics and advantages of the present application are:

[0020] When the sludge hydrothermal reaction system works, two water heat reaction kettles connected, one water heat reaction kettle completes reaction in high pressure state, another water heat reaction kettle completes feeding in normal pressure state. After ending reaction, high pressure spent gas in high pressure state water heat reaction kettle enters normal pressure state water heat reaction kettle through the settler and the first valve. The spent gas passes through the settler, realizes reducing the spent gas carrying material, prevents the spent gas carrying material from entering the gas pipeline to damage the valve and subsequent system, is beneficial to guarantee the long period stable operation of equipment, prolongs the service life of valve group. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0022] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the water heat reaction kettle in the sludge hydrothermal reaction system provided by the present application is shown.

[0023] Figure 2 The partial enlarged view of A in the above-mentioned structure diagram is shown. Figure 1

[0024] Figures 3-6 The structure diagram of the settler in the sludge hydrothermal reaction system provided by the present application is shown.

[0025] Figures 7-10 The structure diagram of another embodiment of the settler in the sludge hydrothermal reaction system provided by the present application is shown.

[0026] Figure 11 The structure diagram of the flow limiting orifice plate in the sludge hydrothermal reaction system provided by the present application is shown.

[0027] Figure 12 The structure diagram of the sludge hydrothermal reaction system provided by the present application is shown.

[0028] Explanation of reference signs:

[0029] 10, water heat reaction kettle; 101, gas outlet; 102, gas inlet;

[0030] ​11. First hydrothermal reactor; 12. Second hydrothermal reactor; 13. Third hydrothermal reactor;

[0031] 21. First valve; 22. Second valve; 23. Third valve; 24. Gate valve;

[0032] 31. Exhaust gas purification system; 32. Steam system;

[0033] 40. Settling device; 401. Air outlet channel;

[0034] 41. Cylinder body;

[0035] 42. Folded plate; 421. Elliptical section; 422. Straight section;

[0036] 50. Flow-limiting orifice plate. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Option 1

[0039] This invention provides a hydrothermal reaction system for oil sludge, such as Figures 1-12 As shown, the hydrothermal reaction system for oil sludge includes: multiple hydrothermal reactors 10, each hydrothermal reactor 10 having an inlet 102 and an outlet 101, with a settling device 40 installed at the outlet 101; the outlet 101 of the hydrothermal reactor 10 can be connected to a waste gas purification system 31 via the settling device 40 and a first valve 21, and the inlet 102 of the hydrothermal reactor 10 can be connected to a steam system 32 via a second valve 22; the multiple hydrothermal reactors 10 are arranged sequentially, with the outlet 101 of the preceding hydrothermal reactor 10 connected to the inlet 102 of the following hydrothermal reactor 10 via the settling device 40 and a third valve 23.

[0040] The outlet 101 of the hydrothermal reactor 10 is divided into two paths by a first valve 21 and a third valve 23: one path leads to the subsequent exhaust gas purification system 31 via the first valve 21; the other path leads to the next hydrothermal reactor 10, with the third valve 23 installed in the pipeline, connecting in parallel with the steam system 32 to enter the next hydrothermal reactor 10; each branch steam pipeline from the steam system 32 is equipped with a second valve 22, leading to each hydrothermal reactor 10 respectively. This sludge hydrothermal reaction system can switch the gas path direction through the first valve 21, the second valve 22, and the third valve 23, thereby completing the pressure equalization and exhaust of the hydrothermal reactor 10.

[0041] When the oil sludge hydrothermal reaction system is working, two hydrothermal reactors 10 connected with each other, one of the hydrothermal reactors 10 is in a high pressure state after completing reaction, and the other hydrothermal reactor 10 is in a normal pressure state after completing feeding. After the reaction is completed, the high pressure gas in the hydrothermal reactor 10 in the high pressure state enters the hydrothermal reactor 10 in the normal pressure state through the settler 40 and the first valve 21. The gas passes through the settler 40 to reduce the gas carrying material, prevent the gas carrying material from entering the gas pipeline to damage the valve and the subsequent system, and is beneficial to ensure the long-term stable operation of the equipment and prolong the service life of the valve group.

[0042] In view of the problems of damage to the valve body caused by the gas carrying material in the pressure equalization process of the oil sludge hydrothermal treatment and the large unit energy consumption, the oil sludge hydrothermal reaction system realizes the reduction of the gas carrying material in the pressure equalization process through the settler 40, reduces the impurities carried into the pipeline due to the steam expansion in the pressure equalization or exhaust process, ensures the long-term stable operation of the equipment, and reduces the unit energy consumption. As shown in Figures 1-10 The settler 40 includes a cylinder 41 and a folded plate 42. The cylinder 41 is fixed to the gas inlet 102, and the gas in the hydrothermal reactor 10 can flow outwards through the cylinder 41. The folded plate 42 is fixed to the inside of the cylinder 41, and the folded plate 42 is longitudinally inclined relative to the cylinder 41. In the projection perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cylinder 41, the projection area of the folded plate 42 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the cylinder 41. In the process of discharging the gas, the gas collides after flowing through the folded plate 42, and the kinetic energy of the particle impurities in the gas is lost after the collision, and falls back to the hydrothermal reactor 10. The folded plate 42 is fixed to the inner wall of the cylinder 41, and at least part of the folded plate 42 is in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder 41, so that the gas flows outwards from the passage between the inner wall of the cylinder 41 and the folded plate 42. The flow of the gas is limited and guided, and the effect of blocking the particles is enhanced.

[0043] In some embodiments, the cylinder 41 is arranged in the up-down direction, and the gas in the hydrothermal reactor 10 can flow outwards from the bottom to the top through the cylinder 41. The upper end of the folded plate 42 is in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder 41, and the lower end of the folded plate 42 is provided with a gas outlet passage 401 for the upward flow of the gas. The cylinder 41 can be cylindrical, and the folded plate 42 can be a symmetrical flat plate. Preferably, the axis of the cylinder 41 is arranged in the vertical direction.

[0044] Further, the outer contour of the folded plate 42 includes an elliptical line part 421 and a straight line part 422, and the elliptical line part 421 is in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder 41. In the projection perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cylinder 41, the central angle between the two ends of the projection of the elliptical line part 421 ranges from 180° to 270°. Adjacent two folded plates 42 have overlapping parts in the projection perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cylinder 41, which enhances the effect of blocking the particles. As shown in Figures 3-10As shown, the projection of the baffle 42 exceeds a semi-circle in the projection perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cylinder 41.

[0045] In some embodiments, a plurality of baffle plates 42 are arranged in the cylinder 41, and adjacent two baffle plates 42 are arranged oppositely, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, the exhaust gas flows from the lower to the upper, and directly shuttles between adjacent two baffle plates 42, and the flow direction is repeatedly turned, which is beneficial to promote the particles to fall back into the hydrothermal reactor 10. Further, the angle between the longitudinal direction of the cylinder 41 and the baffle plate 42 ranges from 45° to 60°.

[0046] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 11 As shown, the outlet 101 of the hydrothermal reactor 10 is additionally provided with a flow-limiting orifice plate 50, the flow-limiting orifice plate 50 is fixed to the top of the cylinder 41, the flow-limiting orifice plate 50 is a flat plate with regular holes, which can make the flow beam locally contract at the holes, thereby increasing the flow velocity, reducing the static pressure, reducing the expansion pressure difference, and preventing the exhaust gas from carrying a large amount of material to the exhaust pipeline due to instantaneous pressure change.

[0047] In some embodiments, the outlet of the settler 40 is connected with a stop valve 24, and the first valve 21 and the second valve 22 are both connected with the settler 40 through the stop valve 24. Further, the flange connecting the stop valve 24 with the pipeline is clamped with a 60-100 mesh filter gasket, which traps the solid particles in the exhaust gas that may damage the power valve. Preferably, the front and rear of the stop valve 24 are clamped with filter gaskets, which more effectively prevents the exhaust gas from carrying materials into the gas pipeline to damage the power valve and the subsequent system.

[0048] As shown in Figure 12 A plurality of hydrothermal reactors 10 are connected in series, and are sequentially denoted as a first hydrothermal reactor 10, a second hydrothermal reactor 10 and a third hydrothermal reactor 10. The stop valve 24 is always open, and the first valve 21, the third valve 23 and the second valve 22 are always closed. The oil sludge hydrothermal reaction system is used in an oil sludge hydrothermal reaction treatment method, which comprises the following steps:

[0049] The reaction in the first hydrothermal reactor 11 is completed, and the pressure is 2.00 MPa (all referring to gauge pressure, the same below); the second hydrothermal reactor 12 is completed with raw material feeding, and meets the air feeding condition, and the pressure is 0.00 MPa; the third hydrothermal reactor 13 is in the reaction. The automatic control system takes the conditions of meeting the reaction time of the first hydrothermal reactor 11 and the completion of the feeding of the second hydrothermal reactor 12 as the control signs, opens the third valve 23 of the first hydrothermal reactor 11, and the water in the first hydrothermal reactor 11 is instantaneously vaporized. The expanded pressure difference of the exhaust gas is reduced through the settling device 40 and the flow limiting orifice plate 50 installed on the top of the first hydrothermal reactor 11, and the kinetic energy of the particle impurities in the exhaust gas is lost after collision, and falls back to the first hydrothermal reactor 11. Thereafter, the exhaust gas enters the second hydrothermal reactor 12 through the stop valve 24 and the third valve 23.

[0050] When the automatic control system judges that the pressure difference between the first hydrothermal reactor 11 and the second hydrothermal reactor 12 is less than 0.02 MPa, the third valve 23 of the first hydrothermal reactor 11 is closed, and the first valve 21 is opened to exhaust the first hydrothermal reactor 11; at the same time, the second valve 22 of the second hydrothermal reactor 12 is opened to supplement the steam heating of the second hydrothermal reactor 12 to the required pressure of the reaction. When the first hydrothermal reactor 11 is exhausted to a pressure less than 0.15 MPa, the first valve 21 is closed, and the discharge is started; after the first hydrothermal reactor 11 completes the discharge, the feeding is started.

[0051] When the third hydrothermal reactor 13 completes the reaction, similarly, the third hydrothermal reactor 13 is opened to the first hydrothermal reactor 11 for pressure equalization. When the third hydrothermal reactor 13 completes the pressure equalization, exhaust, discharge and feeding in turn, and the second hydrothermal reactor 12 completes the reaction, similarly, the second hydrothermal reactor 12 is opened to the third hydrothermal reactor 13 for pressure equalization.

[0052] The first valve 21 can be an exhaust power valve, the second valve 22 can be a steam air power valve, and the third valve 23 can be a pressure equalization power valve. The oil sludge hydrothermal reaction system adopts a power valve to switch the gas path, and can complete the functions of pressure equalization, exhaust and pipeline purging of the hydrothermal reactor 10. The power valve can realize signal remote transmission and real-time feedback, and is convenient for automatic control of the whole system. According to the characteristics of the oil-containing sludge, a multi-stage dust reduction filter means is adopted, the flow limiting orifice plate 50 and the settling device 40 are installed on the gas outlet 101 of the hydrothermal reactor 10, and filter gaskets are clamped before and after the stop valve 24. After passing through the settling device 40, the flow limiting orifice plate 50 and the filter gasket, the impurities carried into the pipeline due to the expansion of the steam during the pressure equalization or exhaust process are reduced as much as possible. After taking the measures, the amount of solid carried in the expanded steam is reduced by more than 90%, the purpose of reducing the amount of carried material and purifying the exhaust gas is achieved, the long-term stable operation of the equipment is ensured, and the service life of the valve group is prolonged.

[0053] Scheme two

[0054] The present application provides a sludge hydrothermal reaction treatment method, which adopts the above-mentioned sludge hydrothermal reaction system, and comprises the following steps: after the reaction in the previous hydrothermal reaction kettle 10 is completed, the waste gas in the previous hydrothermal reaction kettle 10 is introduced into the next hydrothermal reaction kettle 10 through the settler 40 and the third valve 23.

[0055] The sludge hydrothermal reaction treatment method realizes the switching of the gas path, can complete the pressure equalization and exhaust of the hydrothermal reaction kettle 10, and reduces the unit energy consumption. During the operation, the high-pressure waste gas in the high-pressure hydrothermal reaction kettle 10 is introduced into the atmospheric-pressure hydrothermal reaction kettle 10 through the settler 40 and the first valve 21. The waste gas passes through the settler 40, so that the waste gas is reduced to carry the material, the waste gas carrying the material into the gas pipeline is prevented, the valve and the subsequent system are prevented from being damaged, the long-period stable operation of the equipment is facilitated, and the service life of the valve group is prolonged.

[0056] In an embodiment of the present application, during the process that the waste gas of the previous hydrothermal reaction kettle 10 is introduced into the next hydrothermal reaction kettle 10 through the settler 40 and the third valve 23, when the pressure difference between the two hydrothermal reaction kettles 10 is less than a certain value, the third valve 23 is closed, and the pressure equalization is completed.

[0057] The sludge hydrothermal reaction system adopted by the sludge hydrothermal reaction treatment method can have one or more of the above-mentioned barrel 41, folded plate 42, flow-limiting orifice plate 50 and filter screen gasket, and can produce corresponding technical effects, which will not be described here again. The person skilled in the art can make various modifications or changes to the embodiments of the present application according to the content disclosed in the application file, and all of them belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0058] The above-mentioned only is several embodiments of the present application, the person skilled in the art can make various modifications or changes to the embodiments of the present application according to the content disclosed in the application file without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A hydrothermal reaction system for oil sludge, characterized in that, include: Multiple hydrothermal reactors, each having an inlet and an outlet, with a settling device installed at the outlet; The outlet of the hydrothermal reactor can be connected to the exhaust gas purification system via the settling device and the first valve, and the inlet of the hydrothermal reactor can be connected to the steam system via the second valve. Multiple hydrothermal reactors are arranged in sequence, and the outlet of the previous hydrothermal reactor is connected to the inlet of the next hydrothermal reactor via the settling device and the third valve. The settling device includes a cylinder and a baffle plate. The cylinder is fixed to the air inlet, allowing exhaust gas in the hydrothermal reactor to flow outward through the cylinder. The baffle plate is fixed to the cylinder and is inclined relative to the longitudinal direction of the cylinder. In a projection perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cylinder, the projected area of ​​the baffle plate is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the cylinder. The outer contour of the baffle plate includes an elliptical portion and a straight portion. The elliptical portion fits against the inner wall of the cylinder. In a projection perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cylinder, the central angle between the two ends of the elliptical portion ranges from 180° to 270°. The angle between the longitudinal direction of the cylinder and the baffle plate ranges from 45° to 60°. The air outlet of the hydrothermal reactor is provided with a flow-limiting orifice plate, which is fixed to the top of the cylinder, which is located inside the hydrothermal reactor.

2. The sludge hydrothermal reaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The folding plate is fixed to the inner wall of the cylinder.

3. The sludge hydrothermal reaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylindrical body is arranged in the vertical direction, and the exhaust gas in the hydrothermal reactor can flow from bottom to top and outward through the cylindrical body. The upper end of the folding plate is in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder, and an exhaust channel for the exhaust gas to flow upward is provided between the lower end of the folding plate and the inner wall of the cylinder.

4. The sludge hydrothermal reaction system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cylinder is cylindrical, and the folding plate is a symmetrical flat plate.

5. The sludge hydrothermal reaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylinder is provided with a plurality of vertically distributed folding plates, with adjacent folding plates arranged opposite each other.

6. The sludge hydrothermal reaction system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outlet of the settling device is connected to a shut-off valve, and both the first valve and the second valve are connected to the settling device through the shut-off valve.

7. A method for hydrothermal reaction treatment of oil sludge, characterized in that, The sludge hydrothermal reaction system according to any one of claims 1-6 includes: after the reaction is completed in the previous hydrothermal reactor, the exhaust gas therein enters the next hydrothermal reactor through the settling device and the third valve.

Images