A special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll period

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of cotton planting, and in particular, relates to a special fertilizer for cotton during the flowering and bolling period. The special fertilizer for cotton during the flowering and bolling period comprises: 0.5-2.0 parts by weight of a dormant algae compound, 1.5-2.5 parts by weight of a composite bacterial agent, 35-50 parts by weight of a main nutrient component, and 3-6 parts by weight of a nutritional synergist; the dormant algae compound contains dormant spores of brown algae; the composite bacterial agent comprises Trichoderma and Bacillus Velez; the main nutrient components comprise urea, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, and the phosphate fertilizer is superphosphate and / or calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer; the nutritional synergist comprises brown sugar, and a chelated fertilizer composed of iron and / or zinc and / or manganese chelated with amino acids and / or humic acid. The present invention can effectively improve the ability of cotton to resist microbial diseases during the flowering and bolling period through the synergistic combination of bacteria and algae, and can also avoid the inhibition of cotton growth, significantly promote its growth, and improve the growth trend of cotton.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of cotton planting, and in particular relates to a special fertilizer for cotton in the flowering and boll period. Background Art

[0002] The growth of cotton mainly includes five stages: sowing stage, seedling stage, bud stage, boll stage and boll shedding stage. Among them, the boll stage begins after topping in the bud stage. The boll stage is the period from flowering to boll maturity, cracking and boll shedding, which is generally from early July to late August.

[0003] The flowering and bolling stage is the period when cotton changes from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, and then turns to reproductive growth as the main growth, growing roots, stems, branches, leaves, buds, flowers, and bolls. This period is the most vigorous growth and development period in the life of cotton, and is the peak period of fertilizer and water demand. Therefore, it is usually necessary to control fertilization.

[0004] However, the boll stage is also the most vulnerable period for cotton diseases that can lead to yield loss or poor cotton quality. During this period, cotton is very susceptible to infection with cotton bacterial blight. Bacterial blight can theoretically affect all growth stages of cotton, infecting stems, leaves, bracts and fruits. Some susceptible varieties will develop numerous spots, leading to albinism, necrosis, warping, and eventually leaf drop. The resulting stem breaks often hang like dry black branches and are called "black arms." Symptoms of black arm disease are characterized by dark brown to black lesions that may coalesce, followed by large areas of necrosis that encase the stem, resulting in blockage of the vascular system at the site of infection, which allows water and fluids to flow through the plant system. It blocks the movement of nutrients. Leaf drooping is associated with blocked water and nutrient movement. Stem cracking and gumming have also been observed in infected plants. The pathogen has also been reported to cause veins and venules to turn black, giving them a characteristic "pale" appearance.

[0005] The main cause of this cotton bacterial blight is that cotton is infected with Xanthomonas, which can infect more than 400 plants, including cotton, an economic crop. For Xanthomonas alone, there are relatively effective prevention and control methods, most of which use microbial preparations to treat and inhibit plant diseases caused by Xanthomonas, and most preparations are also effective for cotton, but for cotton in the flowering and boll stage, the use of existing preparations will also lead to a very serious reduction in crop yield. This is mainly because microbial preparations inhibit the proliferation and disease of Xanthomonas through antagonism, but most microorganisms also need a lot of nutrients in this process, resulting in insufficient nutrient intake of cotton in the flowering and boll stage. If a large amount of fertilizer is applied in a short period of time or frequently supplemented, it is easy to cause fertilizer damage. Therefore, the bacterial blight of cotton in the flowering and boll stage cannot be effectively treated and inhibited, and it is difficult to restore cotton yield and quality after simple inhibition treatment, resulting in large economic losses for growers.

[0006] Therefore, developing a special fertilizer for cotton in the flowering and boll stage, especially in the flowering and boll stage infected with bacterial blight, is of great significance for cotton planting. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the problems that the existing biological preparations are effective in inhibiting Xanthomonas, but have poor actual effects when applied to cotton in the flowering and boll stage, and cannot improve the growth trend of cotton, the present invention provides a special fertilizer for cotton in the flowering and boll stage.

[0008] The objects of the present invention are:

[0009] 1. It can effectively treat cotton in the flowering and boll stage infected with bacterial blight;

[0010] Second, it can effectively restore the growth trend of cotton while treating;

[0011] 3. Special fertilizers are environmentally friendly and easy to use.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0013] A special fertilizer for cotton during the flowering and boll period,

[0014] The cotton flowering and boll stage special fertilizer comprises:

[0015] 0.5-2.0 parts by weight of dormant algae compound, 1.5-2.5 parts by weight of composite bacterial agent, 35-50 parts by weight of main nutrient components, and 3-6 parts by weight of nutrient synergist;

[0016] The dormant algae formulation contains 1.5-3.5 wt% of dormant brown algae spores;

[0017] The composite bacterial agent comprises 12-18 wt% of Trichoderma and 10-15 wt% of Bacillus Velezii;

[0018] The main nutrients include urea, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer in a mass ratio of (2-3):(3-5):(1-2), and the phosphate fertilizer is superphosphate and / or calcium magnesium phosphate;

[0019] The nutritional synergist comprises brown sugar, and a chelated fertilizer consisting of iron and / or zinc and / or manganese chelated with amino acid and / or humic acid.

[0020] As a preference,

[0021] The dormant algae formulation is granulated and then coated with PLA or PHA.

[0022] As a preference,

[0023] The dormant algae formulation is prepared in the following manner:

[0024] According to the total mass, weigh the following raw materials in percentage by mass:

[0025] 0.3-0.5wt% sodium citrate, 0.1-0.5wt% cobalamin, 0.5-0.8wt% calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 1.5-3.5wt% dormant spores of brown algae, 6-12wt% amino acid chelated iron, 5-8wt% sodium metasilicate, and the balance being ammonium phosphate and / or diammonium phosphate;

[0026] The sodium citrate, cobalamin, calcium disodium EDTA, dormant brown algae spores, amino acid chelated iron and sodium metasilicate in the above raw materials are mixed evenly, and then ammonium phosphate and / or diammonium phosphate powder are added to prepare a base material, and the base material is kneaded and granulated into small particles with a particle size of ≤2mm to obtain a granular dormant algae formulation.

[0027] As a preference,

[0028] The composite bacterial agent is prepared by the following method:

[0029] According to the total mass, weigh the following percentage raw materials:

[0030] 12-18wt% of Trichoderma powder, 10-15wt% of Bacillus Velez powder, 5-8wt% of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 5-10wt% of bacterial cellulose hydrogel, 12-18wt% of glucose, and the balance is peat soil;

[0031] The concentration of the Trichoderma powder is ≥ 200 million cfu / g;

[0032] The concentration of the Bacillus Velez powder is ≥ 2 billion cfu / g;

[0033] The peat soil is sterilized and crushed to a fineness modulus of 1.0-1.7, mixed evenly with Trichoderma powder and Bacillus velezii powder, and sprayed to moisten until viscosity is generated, then sodium dodecyl sulfate and glucose are added and mixed, and finally anhydrous bacterial cellulose hydrogel is added and kneaded to form small balls with a particle size of 0.5-1.5 mm, thereby obtaining a composite bacterial agent.

[0034] As a preference,

[0035] The mass ratio of brown sugar to chelated fertilizer in the nutritional synergist is 1:(0.05-0.15).

[0036] As a preference,

[0037] When the special fertilizer is applied:

[0038] Apply the fertilizer at a rate of 10-15 kg per mu 3-5 days after cotton topping. After application, dynamically control the soil moisture at a depth of 20-40 cm, and maintain the moisture content of the soil at this depth at 75-80% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field.

[0039] As a preference,

[0040] After the special fertilizer is applied, the soil in the shallow layer with a depth of ≤10 cm is loosened once every 4 to 6 days, and the loosening is performed 5 to 7 times.

[0041] The special fertilizer of the present invention actually uses the main fertilizer effect component as the main constituent material to provide the nutrients required for the growth of cotton in the flowering and boll-forming period, but at the same time introduces three major components: bacteria, algae and nutritional synergists.

[0042] Among them, the main effective components of the composite bacterial agent are Trichoderma and Bacillus Velez. Among the two strains, Bacillus Velez powder has been verified to have the effect of inhibiting Xanthomonas in the early stage, and it also has an antagonistic effect on pathogenic bacteria such as Ralstonia, directly inhibiting the growth and reproduction of pathogenic bacteria through nutrition and space competition and secretion of antibacterial active substances. However, when Bacillus Velez is actually used, it is also easy to compete for nutrients and water with cotton in the flowering and boll stage, resulting in cotton being able to reduce the symptoms of bacterial blight, but unable to effectively obtain nutrients. Therefore, the present invention is unique in that Trichoderma is used in combination.

[0043] Trichoderma is a common crop fungus that usually does not have a significant impact on crop growth and also has a certain disease prevention effect. According to the research of researchers, when Trichoderma and Bacillus Velez subtilis are combined, they still have a good inhibitory effect on the pathogen Xanthomonas, but compared with the same concentration of Bacillus Velez subtilis, the inhibitory effect is slightly reduced, indicating that Trichoderma also shows a certain inhibitory effect on Bacillus Velez subtilis, or there is a certain competitive relationship. Based on this, the researchers further verified the interaction between Trichoderma and Bacillus Velez subtilis. They cultivated single colonies of Trichoderma and Bacillus Velez subtilis as blank controls, and co-cultivated the two as the experimental group. They expanded the culture under sufficient nutrients and suitable conditions. They found that the colony diameter of the experimental group was slightly smaller than that of the blank control group. This indirectly indicates that there may be a certain nutrient competition between the two, or that the secretions of Trichoderma have a certain inhibitory effect on the expansion of Bacillus Velez subtilis. Even in the case of sufficient nutrients, Trichoderma can limit the expansion of Bacillus Velez subtilis to a certain extent, but Trichoderma will not affect the growth process of cotton. It can be seen that the nutrient requirements of Trichoderma are staggered with the target nutrient requirements of cotton, and there is an overlap with Bacillus Velez subtilis. Therefore, Trichoderma can retain the ability of Bacillus Velez subtilis to inhibit Xanthomonas, while limiting its expansion. It has a very significant and unique effect on the pest control and rescue of cotton with white leaf blight during the flowering and boll stage.

[0044] In this regard, the present invention adopts a composite bacterial agent containing Trichoderma and Bacillus Velez subtilis as a special fertilizer. On the other hand, in order to avoid the gradual separation of the colonies due to slight differences in the nutrients required by the two, the present invention specially adopts peat soil as a carrier to load Trichoderma and Bacillus Velez subtilis. Peat soil has a good bacteria-fixing effect, can avoid the disorderly proliferation of Trichoderma and Bacillus Velez subtilis, and has an effect on colony control.

[0045] In addition to introducing microbial agents for disease control, the special fertilizer of the present invention also uses algae for bacterial-algae synergy. Algae have low activity in non-aqueous system environments and are almost difficult to survive, but current agricultural research shows that the rational use of algae can produce unexpected and unique effects. In other studies, researchers found that some algae have antibacterial activity during the research process. Because a large number of algae can secrete halogenated compounds, phenols, terpenes and bromophenols with special structures, these substances have relatively obvious antibacterial activity, such as Asparagus spinosa extracted from some algae microorganisms has antibacterial activity, and bromophenols also have antibacterial activity.

[0046] Moreover, algae has a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect, and has an inhibitory antibacterial effect on the target Xanthomonas and other common pathogenic bacteria, as well as Trichoderma and Bacillus Velezii. However, algae do not have the ability to remain active in the soil for a long time. Although some blue algae and green algae can survive and reproduce on land, brown algae have weaker survival and reproduction capabilities on land and will become inactive and die in a short period of time. The flowering and boll period of cotton is as long as 50 to 70 days, and the survival time of algae cannot effectively and completely cover this period of time, so it cannot be used directly as a disease-resistant and antibacterial microorganism, but only produces a "finishing" effect.

[0047] The dormant algae compound used in the present invention is coated with PLA or PHA. Both PLA and PHA are easily degradable materials. The coating will begin to decompose in about 30 days. In combination with the characteristics of large amount of watering during the flowering and boll period of cotton and high soil moisture content, dormant algae can be activated, thereby forming the effect of slow release and activation of algae. The released brown algae can inhibit and kill excessively produced strains, reduce the activity of soil strains, and reduce strains in the soil, including a large number of Trichoderma and Bacillus Velezii, so as to reduce nutrient competition with cotton in the flowering and boll period. Effect, at the same time, algae will release molecular compounds with high solubility and low molecular weight, including amino acids, carbohydrates and some organic acids, etc. in the early release and activation stage to attract and enrich Trichoderma and Bacillus Velez, etc., and after killing and inhibiting Trichoderma and Bacillus Velez, etc., they will secrete high molecular weight substances, such as polysaccharides, nucleic acids, proteins and lipids, and self-death, release a large amount of nutrients, and effectively supplement and supply the growth and development of cotton in the flowering and boll period, so that its development trend is significantly improved. Therefore, the bacteria and algae synergy used in the present invention not only solves the problem that cotton in the flowering and boll period is difficult to handle bacterial blight, but also significantly optimizes the growth trend of the original diseased cotton. The brown sugar in the nutritional synergist can make Trichoderma and Bacillus Velez in the composite bacterial agent obtain more nutrients in the early stage, better expand and develop, and at the same time be converted into monosaccharides, polypeptides and amino acids, etc., which are more easily absorbed by cotton. Biological nutrients, achieving the effect of one fertilizer with multiple uses.

[0048] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0049] The present invention can effectively improve the anti-microbial disease ability of cotton in the flowering and boll period through the synergistic combination of bacteria and algae, and can also avoid the growth of cotton being inhibited, play a significant role in promoting its growth, and improve the growth trend of cotton. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art will be able to implement the present invention based on these descriptions. In addition, the embodiments of the present invention involved in the following description are generally only embodiments of a part of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Therefore, based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the examples of the present invention are all commercially available or available to those skilled in the art; unless otherwise specified, the methods used in the examples of the present invention are all methods known to those skilled in the art.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] A special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll period, the special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll period comprising:

[0054] 1.0 parts by weight of a dormant algae compound formed by a PLA coating, 2.0 parts by weight of a composite bacterial agent, 42.5 parts by weight of a main nutrient component, and 4.5 parts by weight of a nutrient synergist;

[0055] The dormant algae formulation is prepared in the following manner:

[0056] According to the total mass, weigh the following raw materials in percentage by mass:

[0057] Sodium citrate 0.4wt%, cobalamin 0.3wt%, calcium disodium EDTA 0.6wt%, dormant spores of brown algae 2.5wt%, amino acid chelated iron 9wt%, sodium metasilicate 6.5wt%, and the balance ammonium phosphate;

[0058] The sodium citrate, cobalamin, calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, dormant spores of brown algae, amino acid chelated iron and sodium metasilicate in the above raw materials are mixed evenly, and then ammonium phosphate powder is added to prepare a base material, and the base material is kneaded and granulated into small particles with a particle size of ≤2mm to obtain a granular dormant algae formulation;

[0059] The composite bacterial agent is prepared by the following method:

[0060] According to the total mass, weigh the following percentage raw materials:

[0061] 15wt% Trichoderma powder, 12.5wt% Bacillus Velez powder, 6.5wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 7.5wt% bacterial cellulose hydrogel, 15wt% glucose, and the balance peat soil;

[0062] The peat soil is sterilized and crushed to a fineness modulus of 1.2, and the peat soil is evenly mixed with Trichoderma powder and Bacillus Velez powder, and then sprayed to moisten until viscosity is generated, and then sodium dodecyl sulfate and glucose are added and mixed, and finally anhydrous bacterial cellulose hydrogel is added and kneaded to form small balls with a particle size of about 1.0 mm, thereby obtaining a composite bacterial agent;

[0063] The main nutrients include urea, superphosphate and potassium chloride in a mass ratio of 2:4.5:1.5;

[0064] The nutritional synergist is composed of brown sugar and amino acid chelated iron in a mass ratio of 1:0.1.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] A special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll period, the special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll period comprising:

[0067] 1.0 parts by weight of a dormant algae formulation formed by PHA coating, 2.0 parts by weight of a composite bacterial agent, 42.5 parts by weight of a main nutrient component, and 4.5 parts by weight of a nutrient synergist;

[0068] The dormant algae formulation is prepared in the following manner:

[0069] According to the total mass, weigh the following raw materials in percentage by mass:

[0070] Sodium citrate 0.4wt%, cobalamin 0.3wt%, calcium disodium EDTA 0.6wt%, dormant spores of brown algae 2.5wt%, amino acid chelated iron 9wt%, sodium metasilicate 6.5wt%, and the balance ammonium phosphate;

[0071] The sodium citrate, cobalamin, calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, dormant spores of brown algae, amino acid chelated iron and sodium metasilicate in the above raw materials are mixed evenly, and then ammonium phosphate powder is added to prepare a base material, and the base material is kneaded and granulated into small particles with a particle size of ≤2mm to obtain a granular dormant algae formulation;

[0072] The composite bacterial agent is prepared by the following method:

[0073] According to the total mass, weigh the following percentage raw materials:

[0074] 15wt% Trichoderma powder, 12.5wt% Bacillus Velez powder, 6.5wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 7.5wt% bacterial cellulose hydrogel, 15wt% glucose, and the balance peat soil;

[0075] The peat soil is sterilized and crushed to a fineness modulus of 1.2, and the peat soil is evenly mixed with Trichoderma powder and Bacillus Velez powder, and then sprayed to moisten until viscosity is generated, and then sodium dodecyl sulfate and glucose are added and mixed, and finally anhydrous bacterial cellulose hydrogel is added and kneaded to form small balls with a particle size of about 1.0 mm, thereby obtaining a composite bacterial agent;

[0076] The main nutrients include urea, superphosphate and potassium chloride in a mass ratio of 2:4.5:1.5;

[0077] The nutritional synergist is composed of brown sugar and amino acid chelated iron in a mass ratio of 1:0.1.

[0078] Example 3

[0079] A special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll period, the special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll period comprising:

[0080] 0.5 parts by weight of a dormant algae compound formed by a PLA coating, 1.5 parts by weight of a composite bacterial agent, 45 parts by weight of a main nutrient component, and 3 parts by weight of a nutrient synergist;

[0081] The dormant algae formulation is prepared in the following manner:

[0082] According to the total mass, weigh the following raw materials in percentage by mass:

[0083] Sodium citrate 0.5wt%, cobalamin 0.5wt%, calcium disodium EDTA 0.8wt%, dormant spores of brown algae 3.5wt%, amino acid chelated iron 12wt%, sodium metasilicate 8wt%, and the balance ammonium phosphate;

[0084] The sodium citrate, cobalamin, calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, dormant spores of brown algae, amino acid chelated iron and sodium metasilicate in the above raw materials are mixed evenly, and then ammonium phosphate powder is added to prepare a base material, and the base material is kneaded and granulated into small particles with a particle size of ≤2mm to obtain a granular dormant algae formulation;

[0085] The composite bacterial agent is prepared by the following method:

[0086] According to the total mass, weigh the following percentage raw materials:

[0087] 18wt% Trichoderma powder, 15wt% Bacillus velez powder, 8wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 10wt% bacterial cellulose hydrogel, 18wt% glucose, and the balance peat soil;

[0088] The peat soil is sterilized and crushed to a fineness modulus of 1.2, and the peat soil is evenly mixed with Trichoderma powder and Bacillus Velez powder, and then sprayed to moisten until viscosity is generated, and then sodium dodecyl sulfate and glucose are added and mixed, and finally anhydrous bacterial cellulose hydrogel is added and kneaded to form small balls with a particle size of 1.0 mm, thereby obtaining a composite bacterial agent;

[0089] The main nutrients include urea, superphosphate and potassium chloride in a mass ratio of 2:4.5:1.5;

[0090] The nutritional synergist is composed of brown sugar and amino acid chelated iron in a mass ratio of 1:0.1.

[0091] Example 4

[0092] A special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll period, the special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll period comprising:

[0093] 2.0 parts by weight of a dormant algae compound formed by a PLA coating, 2.5 parts by weight of a composite bacterial agent, 39.5 parts by weight of a main nutrient component, and 6 parts by weight of a nutrient synergist;

[0094] The dormant algae formulation is prepared in the following manner:

[0095] According to the total mass, weigh the following raw materials in percentage by mass:

[0096] Sodium citrate 0.3wt%, cobalamin 0.1wt%, calcium disodium EDTA 0.5wt%, dormant spores of brown algae 1.5wt%, amino acid chelated iron 6wt%, sodium metasilicate 5wt%, and the balance ammonium phosphate;

[0097] The sodium citrate, cobalamin, calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, dormant spores of brown algae, amino acid chelated iron and sodium metasilicate in the above raw materials are mixed evenly, and then ammonium phosphate powder is added to prepare a base material, and the base material is kneaded and granulated into small particles with a particle size of ≤2mm to obtain a granular dormant algae formulation;

[0098] The composite bacterial agent is prepared by the following method:

[0099] According to the total mass, weigh the following percentage raw materials:

[0100] 12wt% of Trichoderma powder, 10wt% of Bacillus Velez powder, 5wt% of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 5wt% of bacterial cellulose hydrogel, 12wt% of glucose, and the balance is peat soil;

[0101] The peat soil is sterilized and crushed to a fineness modulus of 1.2, and the peat soil is evenly mixed with Trichoderma powder and Bacillus Velez powder, and then sprayed to moisten until viscosity is generated, and then sodium dodecyl sulfate and glucose are added and mixed, and finally anhydrous bacterial cellulose hydrogel is added and kneaded to form small balls with a particle size of 1.0 mm, thereby obtaining a composite bacterial agent;

[0102] The main nutrients include urea, superphosphate and potassium chloride in a mass ratio of 2:4.5:1.5;

[0103] The nutritional synergist is composed of brown sugar and amino acid chelated iron in a mass ratio of 1:0.1.

[0104] Example 5

[0105] A special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll period, the special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll period comprising:

[0106] 1.0 parts by weight of a dormant algae compound formed by a PLA coating, 2.0 parts by weight of a composite bacterial agent, 42.5 parts by weight of a main nutrient component, and 4.5 parts by weight of a nutrient synergist;

[0107] The dormant algae formulation is prepared in the following manner:

[0108] According to the total mass, weigh the following raw materials in percentage by mass:

[0109] Sodium citrate 0.4wt%, cobalamin 0.3wt%, calcium disodium EDTA 0.6wt%, dormant spores of brown algae 2.5wt%, amino acid chelated iron 9wt%, sodium metasilicate 6.5wt%, and the balance is diammonium phosphate;

[0110] The sodium citrate, cobalamin, calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, dormant spores of brown algae, amino acid chelated iron and sodium metasilicate in the above raw materials are mixed evenly, and then ammonium phosphate powder is added to prepare a base material, and the base material is kneaded and granulated into small particles with a particle size of ≤2mm to obtain a granular dormant algae formulation;

[0111] The composite bacterial agent is prepared by the following method:

[0112] According to the total mass, weigh the following percentage raw materials:

[0113] 15wt% Trichoderma powder, 12.5wt% Bacillus Velez powder, 6.5wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 7.5wt% bacterial cellulose hydrogel, 15wt% glucose, and the balance peat soil;

[0114] The peat soil is sterilized and crushed to a fineness modulus of 1.2, and the peat soil is evenly mixed with Trichoderma powder and Bacillus Velez powder, and then sprayed to moisten until viscosity is generated, and then sodium dodecyl sulfate and glucose are added and mixed, and finally anhydrous bacterial cellulose hydrogel is added and kneaded to form small balls with a particle size of about 1.0 mm, thereby obtaining a composite bacterial agent;

[0115] The main nutrients include urea, superphosphate and potassium chloride in a mass ratio of 2:4.5:1.5;

[0116] The nutritional synergist is composed of brown sugar and amino acid chelated iron in a mass ratio of 1:0.1.

[0117] Comparative Example 1

[0118] A special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll period, the special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll period comprising:

[0119] 1.0 parts by weight of dormant algae compound, 2.0 parts by weight of composite bacterial agent, 42.5 parts by weight of main nutrients, and 4.5 parts by weight of nutritional synergist;

[0120] The dormant algae formulation is prepared in the following manner:

[0121] According to the total mass, weigh the following raw materials in percentage by mass:

[0122] Sodium citrate 0.4wt%, cobalamin 0.3wt%, calcium disodium EDTA 0.6wt%, dormant spores of brown algae 2.5wt%, amino acid chelated iron 9wt%, sodium metasilicate 6.5wt%, and the balance ammonium phosphate;

[0123] The sodium citrate, cobalamin, calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, dormant spores of brown algae, amino acid chelated iron and sodium metasilicate in the above raw materials are mixed evenly, and then ammonium phosphate powder is added to prepare a base material, and the base material is kneaded and granulated into small particles with a particle size of ≤2mm to obtain a granular dormant algae formulation;

[0124] The composite bacterial agent is prepared by the following method:

[0125] According to the total mass, weigh the following percentage raw materials:

[0126] 15wt% Trichoderma powder, 12.5wt% Bacillus Velez powder, 6.5wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 7.5wt% bacterial cellulose hydrogel, 15wt% glucose, and the balance peat soil;

[0127] The peat soil is sterilized and crushed to a fineness modulus of 1.2, and the peat soil is evenly mixed with Trichoderma powder and Bacillus Velez powder, and then sprayed to moisten until viscosity is generated, and then sodium dodecyl sulfate and glucose are added and mixed, and finally anhydrous bacterial cellulose hydrogel is added and kneaded to form small balls with a particle size of about 1.0 mm, thereby obtaining a composite bacterial agent;

[0128] The main nutrients include urea, superphosphate and potassium chloride in a mass ratio of 2:4.5:1.5;

[0129] The nutritional synergist is composed of brown sugar and amino acid chelated iron in a mass ratio of 1:0.1.

[0130] Comparative Example 2

[0131] A special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll period, the special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll period comprising:

[0132] 1.0 parts by weight of a dormant algae compound formed by a PLA coating, 2.0 parts by weight of a composite bacterial agent, 42.5 parts by weight of a main nutrient component, and 4.5 parts by weight of a nutrient synergist;

[0133] The dormant algae formulation is prepared in the following manner:

[0134] According to the total mass, weigh the following raw materials in percentage by mass:

[0135] Sodium citrate 0.4wt%, cobalamin 0.3wt%, calcium disodium EDTA 0.6wt%, dormant spores of brown algae 2.5wt%, amino acid chelated iron 9wt%, sodium metasilicate 6.5wt%, and the balance ammonium phosphate;

[0136] The sodium citrate, cobalamin, calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, dormant spores of brown algae, amino acid chelated iron and sodium metasilicate in the above raw materials are mixed evenly, and then ammonium phosphate powder is added to prepare a base material, and the base material is kneaded and granulated into small particles with a particle size of ≤2mm to obtain a granular dormant algae formulation;

[0137] The composite bacterial agent is prepared by the following method:

[0138] According to the total mass, weigh the following percentage raw materials:

[0139] Bacillus Velez powder 12.5wt%, sodium dodecyl sulfate 6.5wt%, bacterial cellulose hydrogel 7.5wt%, glucose 15wt%, and the balance is peat soil;

[0140] The peat soil is sterilized and crushed to a fineness modulus of 1.2, and then evenly mixed with Bacillus Velezii powder and sprayed to moisten until viscosity is generated, followed by adding sodium dodecyl sulfate and glucose to mix, and finally adding anhydrous bacterial cellulose hydrogel to knead and shape into small balls with a particle size of about 1.0 mm, thereby obtaining a composite bacterial agent;

[0141] The main nutrients include urea, superphosphate and potassium chloride in a mass ratio of 2:4.5:1.5;

[0142] The nutritional synergist is composed of brown sugar and amino acid chelated iron in a mass ratio of 1:0.1.

[0143] Comparative Example 3

[0144] A special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll period, the special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll period comprising:

[0145] 1.0 parts by weight of a compounding agent formed by PLA coating, 2.0 parts by weight of a composite bacterial agent, 42.5 parts by weight of a main nutrient component, and 4.5 parts by weight of a nutrient synergist;

[0146] The dormant algae formulation is prepared in the following manner:

[0147] According to the total mass, weigh the following raw materials in percentage by mass:

[0148] Sodium citrate 0.4wt%, cobalamin 0.3wt%, calcium disodium EDTA 0.6wt%, amino acid chelated iron 9wt%, sodium metasilicate 6.5wt%, and the balance ammonium phosphate;

[0149] The sodium citrate, cobalamin, calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, amino acid chelated iron and sodium metasilicate in the above raw materials are mixed evenly, and then ammonium phosphate powder is added to prepare a base material, and the base material is kneaded and granulated into small particles with a particle size of ≤2mm, so as to obtain a granular dormant algae formulation;

[0150] The composite bacterial agent is prepared by the following method:

[0151] According to the total mass, weigh the following percentage raw materials:

[0152] 15wt% Trichoderma powder, 12.5wt% Bacillus Velez powder, 6.5wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 7.5wt% bacterial cellulose hydrogel, 15wt% glucose, and the balance peat soil;

[0153] The peat soil is sterilized and crushed to a fineness modulus of 1.2, and the peat soil is evenly mixed with Trichoderma powder and Bacillus Velez powder, and then sprayed to moisten until viscosity is generated, and then sodium dodecyl sulfate and glucose are added and mixed, and finally anhydrous bacterial cellulose hydrogel is added and kneaded to form small balls with a particle size of about 1.0 mm, thereby obtaining a composite bacterial agent;

[0154] The main nutrients include urea, superphosphate and potassium chloride in a mass ratio of 2:4.5:1.5;

[0155] The nutritional synergist is composed of brown sugar and amino acid chelated iron in a mass ratio of 1:0.1.

[0156] Comparative Example 4

[0157] A special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll period, the special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll period comprising:

[0158] 1.0 parts by weight of a dormant algae compound formed by a PLA coating, 2.0 parts by weight of a composite bacterial agent, and 42.5 parts by weight of a main nutrient component;

[0159] The dormant algae formulation is prepared in the following manner:

[0160] According to the total mass, weigh the following raw materials in percentage by mass:

[0161] Sodium citrate 0.4wt%, cobalamin 0.3wt%, calcium disodium EDTA 0.6wt%, dormant spores of brown algae 2.5wt%, amino acid chelated iron 9wt%, sodium metasilicate 6.5wt%, and the balance ammonium phosphate;

[0162] The sodium citrate, cobalamin, calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, dormant spores of brown algae, amino acid chelated iron and sodium metasilicate in the above raw materials are mixed evenly, and then ammonium phosphate powder is added to prepare a base material, and the base material is kneaded and granulated into small particles with a particle size of ≤2mm to obtain a granular dormant algae formulation;

[0163] The composite bacterial agent is prepared by the following method:

[0164] According to the total mass, weigh the following percentage raw materials:

[0165] 15wt% Trichoderma powder, 12.5wt% Bacillus Velez powder, 6.5wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 7.5wt% bacterial cellulose hydrogel, 15wt% glucose, and the balance peat soil;

[0166] The peat soil is sterilized and crushed to a fineness modulus of 1.2, and the peat soil is evenly mixed with Trichoderma powder and Bacillus Velez powder, and then sprayed to moisten until viscosity is generated, and then sodium dodecyl sulfate and glucose are added and mixed, and finally anhydrous bacterial cellulose hydrogel is added and kneaded to form small balls with a particle size of about 1.0 mm, thereby obtaining a composite bacterial agent;

[0167] The main nutrient components include urea, superphosphate and potassium chloride in a mass ratio of 2:4.5:1.5.

[0168] Comparative Example 5

[0169] A special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll period, the special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll period comprising:

[0170] 1.0 parts by weight of a dormant algae compound formed by a PLA coating, 2.0 parts by weight of a composite bacterial agent, 42.5 parts by weight of a main nutrient component, and 4.5 parts by weight of a nutrient synergist;

[0171] The dormant algae formulation is prepared in the following manner:

[0172] According to the total mass, weigh the following raw materials in percentage by mass:

[0173] Sodium citrate 0.4wt%, cobalamin 0.3wt%, calcium disodium EDTA 0.6wt%, dormant spores of brown algae 2.5wt%, amino acid chelated iron 9wt%, sodium metasilicate 6.5wt%, and the balance ammonium phosphate;

[0174] The sodium citrate, cobalamin, calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, dormant spores of brown algae, amino acid chelated iron and sodium metasilicate in the above raw materials are mixed evenly, and then ammonium phosphate powder is added to prepare a base material, and the base material is kneaded and granulated into small particles with a particle size of ≤2mm to obtain a granular dormant algae formulation;

[0175] The composite bacterial agent is prepared by the following method:

[0176] According to the total mass, weigh the following percentage raw materials:

[0177] 15wt% Trichoderma powder, 12.5wt% Bacillus Velez powder, 6.5wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 7.5wt% bacterial cellulose hydrogel, 15wt% glucose, and the balance diatomaceous earth;

[0178] The peat soil is sterilized and crushed to a fineness modulus of 1.2, and the peat soil is evenly mixed with Trichoderma powder and Bacillus Velez powder, and then sprayed to moisten until viscosity is generated, and then sodium dodecyl sulfate and glucose are added and mixed, and finally anhydrous bacterial cellulose hydrogel is added and kneaded to form small balls with a particle size of about 1.0 mm, thereby obtaining a composite bacterial agent;

[0179] The main nutrients include urea, superphosphate and potassium chloride in a mass ratio of 2:4.5:1.5;

[0180] The nutritional synergist is composed of brown sugar and amino acid chelated iron in a mass ratio of 1:0.1.

[0181] Planting test example

[0182] The test was conducted in a test field with a total area of ​​6 mu. A conventional cotton variety (Zhong 7700) that was not resistant to white leaf blight was normally planted and divided into 15 zones evenly until the bud stage. Before the zone division, the growth of cotton in the field was almost the same and there was no disease. After the zone division, the zones were numbered A1 to A15. Zones A1 and A2 were planted normally. After entering the flowering and boll stage, zone A1 was applied with a commercially available cotton fertilizer (purchased from Xin Chaoyang), and zone A2 was applied with the cotton flowering and boll stage fertilizer prepared in Example 1 of the present invention. Zones A3 to A15 were artificially inoculated with Xanthomonas before the cotton entered the flowering and boll stage to infect it with white leaf blight. When entering the flowering and boll stage, the cotton in zones A3 to A15 showed symptoms of infection. Then, the fertilizers prepared in Examples 1 to 5 were applied in Areas A3 to A7, the fertilizers prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were applied in Areas A8 to A12, the commercially available cotton fertilizer similar to that in Area A1 was applied in Area A13, and 12 kg / mu was applied in Areas A1 to A13 5 days after cotton topping. After application, the soil was dynamically controlled to have sufficient moisture in the soil layer at a depth of 20 to 40 cm, and the moisture content of the soil layer at this depth was maintained at 75 to 80% of the maximum field water holding capacity. The soil at a shallow depth of ≤10 cm was loosened once every 5 days, and the loosening treatment was carried out 6 times in total. A14 was applied with a commercially available bacterial blight resistance agent (purchased from Hejiashan original seed farm, the stock solution was diluted 200 times for use) and the commercially available cotton fertilizer similar to that in Area A1, and 12 kg / mu was applied in Areas A1 to A13 5 days after cotton topping. For example, commercially available cotton fertilizer was applied, and commercially available bacterial blight resistance agents were used according to the guidance. After application, the soil moisture content at a depth of 20 to 40 cm was dynamically controlled to be sufficient, and the moisture content of the soil layer at this depth was maintained at 65 to 70% of the maximum field water holding capacity. The shallow soil with a depth of ≤10 cm was loosened once every 5 days, and the loosening treatment was carried out 6 times in total. In area A15, 12 kg per mu was applied 5 days after the cotton was toppled. After application, the soil moisture content at a depth of 20 to 40 cm was dynamically controlled to be sufficient, and the moisture content of the soil layer at this depth was maintained at 65 to 70% of the maximum field water holding capacity. The shallow soil with a depth of ≤10 cm was loosened once every 5 days, and the loosening treatment was carried out 6 times in total. After the flowering and boll period ended and the cotton in the above-mentioned areas entered the boll opening period, it was planted in the same way until harvest.

[0183] In order to more intuitively show the fertilizer effect and make a comparison, the cotton harvested after normal planting in area A1 was taken as the standard yield, recorded as 100%, and the yields of the remaining areas were weighed and compared with it to calculate the percentage. The results are recorded in the following table, and the degree of bacterial blight disease is also recorded.

[0184] area Area A2 Area A3 Area A4 A5 Zone Area A6 Area A7 Area A8 Yield 108.2％ 98.6％ 95.6％ 96.1％ 97.9％ 98.3％ 81.2％ Diseases ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ⊙ area Area A9 A10 Zone Area A11 Area A12 Area A13 Area A14 Area A15 Yield 91.3％ 87.2％ 83.6％ 86.3％ 62.7％ 85.2％ 88.2％ Diseases ○ ○ ⊙ ○ × ○ ○

[0185] In the table: disease “○” indicates that the disease is completely removed, disease “⊙” indicates that the disease still exists but has been alleviated, and disease “×” indicates that the disease still exists and has not been alleviated.

[0186] Based on the results in the above table, it can be seen from the comparison between A1 and A2 that the cotton fertilizer for the flowering and bolling stage of the present invention has a certain yield-increasing effect, and can be relatively better than the existing commercially available cotton fertilizer. And from the comparison between the application effect of A3-A7 and A1, the present invention can effectively eliminate the disease for cotton in the flowering and bolling stage that has been slightly infected with bacterial blight, and effectively restore the growth trend of cotton, ensuring that its yield can be basically restored, while the cotton in A14 area adopts the conventional treatment scheme, and is cultivated by applying antibacterial agents in combination with fertilizers, but it can be seen that a relatively obvious reduction in production occurs, and the reduction in production is as high as 336-1057% of the special fertilizer of the present invention (A3-A7 areas), that is, the reduction in production is at least 3.36 times that of the special fertilizer of the present invention, which can be seen that the antibacterial and pest control effect is relatively lagging, or it also has side effects that cause cotton production reduction, and the actual use effect is far less than the special fertilizer of the flowering and bolling stage of the present invention. The application results in area A8 show that the disease has not been completely eliminated, and the yield is far less than the aforementioned A3 to A7 experimental groups. During the experiment, soil sampling and characterization found that Trichoderma and Bacillus Velez subtilis showed a relatively obvious expansion and growth trend in the early stage, but when the dormant algae were activated, Trichoderma and Bacillus Velez subtilis were obviously inhibited, and the concentration decreased accordingly. The concentration of Xanthomonas increased after decreasing to a certain extent, and was not completely killed. Some cotton plants recovered to a disease-free state, but a small number of cotton plants were still affected by white leaf blight, indicating that algae also have antibacterial effects, but for algae, its effective active state is still difficult to maintain for a long time even in soil with a high wetting rate. It can indeed produce an antibacterial effect in the short term, but it cannot ensure that Xanthomonas can be completely eliminated. Although the bacterial blight disease was completely eliminated in the A9 area, the yield still decreased significantly. The researchers believed that the main reason was the nutrient competition between Bacillus Velez and cotton in the flowering and boll stage, which caused cotton to be at a disadvantage in the early nutrient competition, resulting in some development effects not meeting expectations. The test results of the A10 area also confirmed this view. Due to the presence of algae in the experimental group of the A9 area, the subsequent nutrient competition of Bacillus Velez was weakened, while the A10 area, without the effect of algae, maintained a state of nutrient competition for a long time, making the yield decline more significant. The A12 area was similar to the A10 area. Although the A12 area had algae, its bacterial agent carrier was conventional diatomaceous earth, and the bacterial fixation effect was far weaker than peat soil, which led to a large amount of extensional propagation of Trichoderma and Bacillus Velez, and the effect of algae was weakened. The propagation amount was greater than that of the A10 area experimental group, resulting in a worse yield recovery effect and more significant nutrient competition. The only difference in area A11 is that there is no nutritional synergist, but it produces a greater difference in effect.The researchers believe that it is mainly because in the absence of nutritional synergists, the proliferation and growth of Trichoderma and Bacillus velezensis are significantly inhibited, and to a certain extent are even inhibited by the cotton roots and Xanthomonas, which leads to a weaker effect of disease elimination.

[0187] The A15 area is due to the relatively high requirements of algae plants for the growth environment. Since the soil moisture content of cotton in the flowering and boll stage should basically be maintained between 60% and 80% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field, too much or too little is not conducive to cotton growth, and the activation of dormant algae spores requires a higher moisture content. A15 is within the normal moisture content range of cotton but cannot meet the effective activation of algae. Most of them are still in the dormant spore state, resulting in the inability to form bacterial and algae synergy even if the dormant spores are released, which inhibits the components of the microbial agent, resulting in a nutrient competition relationship between the microbial agent, which makes the growth of cotton in the flowering and boll stage, which requires a large amount of water and fertilizer, suppressed to a certain extent. Therefore, in addition to considering the ratio of ingredients, there are also matters that need to be paid attention to in the use of the special fertilizer of the present invention. The soil moisture content should be increased as much as possible within the soil moisture content range suitable for cotton.

Claims

1. A special fertilizer for cotton during the flowering and boll period, It is characterized in that The cotton flowering and boll stage special fertilizer comprises: 0.5-2.0 parts by weight of dormant algae compound, 1.5-2.5 parts by weight of composite bacterial agent, 35-50 parts by weight of main nutrient components, and 3-6 parts by weight of nutrient synergist; The dormant algae formulation contains 1.5-3.5 wt% of dormant brown algae spores; The composite bacterial agent comprises 12-18 wt% of Trichoderma and 10-15 wt% of Bacillus Velezii; The main nutrients include urea, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer in a mass ratio of (2-3): (3-5): (1-2), wherein the phosphate fertilizer is superphosphate and / or calcium magnesium phosphate; The nutritional synergist includes brown sugar, and a chelated fertilizer consisting of iron and / or zinc and / or manganese chelated with amino acids and / or humic acid; The dormant algae formulation is granulated and then coated with PLA or PHA.

2. A special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll stage according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The dormant algae formulation is prepared in the following manner: According to the total mass, weigh the following raw materials in percentage by mass: Sodium citrate 0.3-0.5wt%, cobalamin 0.1-0.5wt%, calcium disodium EDTA 0.5-0.8wt%, dormant spores of brown algae 1.5-3.5wt%, amino acid chelated iron 6-12wt%, sodium metasilicate 5-8wt%, and the balance ammonium phosphate and / or diammonium phosphate; The sodium citrate, cobalamin, calcium disodium EDTA, dormant brown algae spores, amino acid chelated iron and sodium metasilicate in the above raw materials are mixed evenly, and then ammonium phosphate and / or diammonium phosphate powder are added to prepare a base material, and the base material is kneaded and granulated into small particles with a particle size of ≤2mm to obtain a granular dormant algae formulation.

3. A special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll stage according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The composite bacterial agent is prepared by the following method: According to the total mass, weigh the following percentage raw materials: 12-18wt% Trichoderma powder, 10-15wt% Bacillus Velez powder, 5-8wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 5-10wt% bacterial cellulose hydrogel, 12-18wt% glucose, and the balance is peat soil; The peat soil is sterilized and crushed to a fineness modulus of 1.0-1.7, mixed evenly with Trichoderma powder and Bacillus velezii powder, and sprayed to moisten until viscosity is generated, then sodium dodecyl sulfate and glucose are added and mixed, and finally anhydrous bacterial cellulose hydrogel is added and kneaded to form small balls with a particle size of 0.5-1.5 mm, thereby obtaining a composite bacterial agent.

4. A special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll stage according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The mass ratio of brown sugar to chelated fertilizer in the nutritional synergist is 1:(0.05-0.15).

5. A special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll stage according to claim 1, It is characterized in that When the special fertilizer is applied: Apply the fertilizer at a rate of 10-15 kg per mu 3-5 days after cotton topping. After application, dynamically control the soil moisture at a depth of 20-40 cm. The moisture content of the soil at this depth is maintained at 75-80% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field.

6. A special fertilizer for cotton flowering and boll stage according to claim 1 or 5, It is characterized in that After the special fertilizer is applied, the soil in the shallow layer with a depth of ≤10 cm is loosened once every 4 to 6 days, and the loosening is performed 5 to 7 times.