A PJVS quantum voltage step wave amplitude calculation method, device and equipment

Abstract

The present application discloses a method, device and equipment for calculating the amplitude of a PJVS quantum voltage step wave, the method comprising: fitting and calculating the data points collected on the PJVS step wave based on Fourier transform to obtain an initial signal array, the PJVS step wave comprising a plurality of voltage steps; using a preset S function, performing weight calculation and analysis according to the initial signal array, a target weight array; calculating the fundamental wave amplitude of the PJVS quantum voltage step wave according to the target weight array, and obtaining the target fundamental wave amplitude. In this process, the sampling data of the transition zone and the Gibbs effect are also fully utilized, and the accuracy and reliability of the reproduced voltage can be ensured through specific calculations. Therefore, the present application can solve the technical problems of the prior art that the transition zone data is discarded and the reproduced voltage lacks stability and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of voltage measurement technology, and in particular to a PJVS quantum voltage step wave amplitude calculation method, device and equipment. Background Art

[0002] The Programmable Josephson Voltage Standard (PJVS) can construct an AC voltage reference by outputting a quantum voltage step wave. However, due to the transition process and the Gibbs effect, there are fluctuations at both ends of the quantum voltage step generated, resulting in low accuracy of the corresponding sampling data. A common data processing method is to eliminate the transition process data and only use the quantum voltage data in the stable region to achieve the reproduction of the AC quantum voltage value and the calibration of the calibrated AC voltage signal.

[0003] Existing methods, such as the 3σ method, require dividing the stable region and transition region of the quantum voltage step, and then only retain the stable region data and discard the transition region data; and the robustness when reproducing the step wave quantum voltage is low. Therefore, the transition region data in the actual measurement process cannot be used, and the voltage reproduction lacks stability and reliability, which is difficult to meet the needs of actual applications. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a PJVS quantum voltage step wave amplitude calculation method, device and equipment, which are used to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the transition zone data is discarded and the reproduced voltage lacks stability and reliability.

[0005] In view of this, the first aspect of the present application provides a PJVS quantum voltage step wave amplitude calculation method, comprising:

[0006] Performing fitting calculation on data points collected on a PJVS step wave based on Fourier transform to obtain an initial signal array, wherein the PJVS step wave includes a plurality of voltage steps;

[0007] Using a preset S function, weight calculation and analysis are performed according to the initial signal array to obtain a target weight array;

[0008] The PJVS quantum voltage step wave fundamental amplitude is calculated according to the target weight array to obtain the target fundamental amplitude.

[0009] Preferably, the data points collected on the PJVS step wave are fitted and calculated based on Fourier transform to obtain an initial signal array, and the PJVS step wave includes multiple voltage steps, including:

[0010] Collecting a preset number of data points on each voltage step of the PJVS step wave;

[0011] Based on Fourier transform, discrete Fourier transform is performed according to the step number of the voltage step and the preset number of data points to obtain a fitting function;

[0012] After the fitting value of each of the data points is determined by the fitting function, element difference calculation is performed according to the fitting value to obtain an initial signal array.

[0013] Preferably, the data points collected on the PJVS step wave are fitted and calculated based on Fourier transform to obtain an initial signal array, wherein the PJVS step wave includes a plurality of voltage steps, and the aforementioned method also includes:

[0014] The PJVS outputs a plurality of cycles of a sinusoidal step wave voltage signal to obtain a PJVS step wave, wherein the PJVS step wave includes a plurality of voltage steps.

[0015] Preferably, the preset S function is used to perform weight calculation and analysis based on the initial signal array, and the target weight array includes:

[0016] Calculating element standard deviations according to the initial signal array, and obtaining initial weights according to the element standard deviations to obtain an initial weight array;

[0017] Using a preset S function to perform fitting processing on the elements in the initial weight array to obtain a fitting weight array;

[0018] The elements in the fitting weight array are optimized and calculated to obtain a target weight array.

[0019] Preferably, the step of optimizing and calculating the elements in the fitting weight array to obtain a target weight array further includes:

[0020] Set the negative weight elements in the fitting weight array to zero.

[0021] The second aspect of the present application provides a PJVS quantum voltage step wave amplitude calculation device, comprising:

[0022] A fitting calculation unit, used for performing fitting calculation on data points collected on a PJVS step wave based on Fourier transform to obtain an initial signal array, wherein the PJVS step wave includes a plurality of voltage steps;

[0023] A weight calculation unit, used to use a preset S function to perform weight calculation analysis according to the initial signal array, and obtain a target weight array;

[0024] The amplitude calculation unit is used to calculate the PJVS quantum voltage step wave fundamental amplitude according to the target weight array to obtain the target fundamental amplitude.

[0025] Preferably, the fitting calculation unit is specifically used for:

[0026] Collecting a preset number of data points on each voltage step of the PJVS step wave;

[0027] Based on Fourier transform, discrete Fourier transform is performed according to the step number of the voltage step and the preset number of data points to obtain a fitting function;

[0028] After the fitting value of each of the data points is determined by the fitting function, element difference calculation is performed according to the fitting value to obtain an initial signal array.

[0029] Preferably, it also includes:

[0030] The waveform generating unit is used to output a plurality of cycles of a sinusoidal step wave voltage signal through PJVS to obtain a PJVS step wave, wherein the PJVS step wave includes a plurality of voltage steps.

[0031] Preferably, the weight calculation unit is specifically used for:

[0032] Calculating element standard deviations according to the initial signal array, and obtaining initial weights according to the element standard deviations to obtain an initial weight array;

[0033] Using a preset S function to perform fitting processing on the elements in the initial weight array to obtain a fitting weight array;

[0034] The elements in the fitting weight array are optimized and calculated to obtain a target weight array.

[0035] A third aspect of the present application provides a PJVS quantum voltage step wave amplitude calculation device, the device comprising a processor and a memory;

[0036] The memory is used to store program code and transmit the program code to the processor;

[0037] The processor is used to execute the PJVS quantum voltage step wave amplitude calculation method described in the first aspect according to the instructions in the program code.

[0038] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the embodiments of the present application have the following advantages:

[0039] In the present application, a method for calculating the amplitude of a PJVS quantum voltage step wave is provided, including: performing fitting calculations on data points collected on the PJVS step wave based on Fourier transform to obtain an initial signal array, wherein the PJVS step wave includes multiple voltage steps; using a preset S function to perform weight calculation and analysis based on the initial signal array to obtain a target weight array; calculating the fundamental wave amplitude of the PJVS quantum voltage step wave based on the target weight array to obtain a target fundamental wave amplitude.

[0040] The PJVS quantum voltage ladder wave amplitude calculation method provided by the present application does not need to divide the stable area and the transition area. By calculating the target weight array based on the initial signal array obtained by the voltage step, the accurate fundamental wave amplitude can be reproduced according to the weight array. In this process, the sampling data of the transition area and the Gibbs effect are also fully utilized, and the accuracy and reliability of the reproduced voltage can be ensured through specific calculations. Therefore, the present application can solve the technical problems of the prior art that the transition area data is discarded and the reproduced voltage lacks stability and reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for calculating the amplitude of a PJVS quantum voltage step wave provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a PJVS quantum voltage step wave amplitude calculation device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 3 An example diagram of a weight distribution characteristic curve before and after fitting based on a preset S-function provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 4 An example diagram of a weight distribution characteristic curve in a target weight array provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 5 An example graph of the comparison curve of the amplitude reproduction results of the present application scheme and the 3σ method provided in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0047] For easier understanding, see Figure 1, the present application provides a method for calculating the amplitude of a PJVS quantum voltage ladder wave, comprising:

[0048] Step 101: Perform fitting calculation on data points collected on a PJVS step wave based on Fourier transform to obtain an initial signal array. The PJVS step wave includes a plurality of voltage steps.

[0049] Furthermore, step 101 includes:

[0050] Collect a preset number of data points on each voltage step of the PJVS step wave;

[0051] Based on Fourier transform, discrete Fourier transform is performed according to the step number of the voltage step and a preset number of data points to obtain a fitting function;

[0052] After determining the fitting value of each data point through the fitting function, the element difference calculation is performed according to the fitting value to obtain the initial signal array.

[0053] Furthermore, step 101, before that, also includes:

[0054] The PJVS outputs a plurality of cycles of a sinusoidal step wave voltage signal to obtain a PJVS step wave, wherein the PJVS step wave includes a plurality of voltage steps.

[0055] It should be noted that in the sinusoidal step wave voltage signal with multiple cycles output by PJVS, each cycle contains multiple voltage steps. If the number of output cycles is recorded as P, then the number of voltage steps contained in each cycle can be recorded as S. It can be understood that P and S are both positive integers.

[0056] A preset number T of data points are collected on each voltage step of the PJVS step wave, and the collected T data points are integrated according to the step number k of each voltage step to obtain a PS-dimensional array S 1k ; for array S 1k Discrete Fourier transform is performed to obtain the fitting function f(t). In addition, T is an even number, k is an integer, and 1≤k≤T.

[0057] By fitting the function f(t) to obtain the fitting value corresponding to the kth data point of each voltage step, a PS-dimensional fitting value array S can be generated. 2k , the array S 1k with the fitted value array S 2k By calculating the element difference, we can get the initial signal array S k =(S k,1 ,S k,2 ,......,S k,PS), where PS is the product of the number of voltage steps and the number of cycles, i.e. the total number of voltage steps.

[0058] Step 102: Use the preset S function to perform weight calculation and analysis based on the initial signal array to obtain a target weight array.

[0059] Furthermore, step 102 includes:

[0060] Calculate the element standard deviation according to the initial signal array, and obtain the initial weight according to the element standard deviation to obtain the initial weight array;

[0061] The elements in the initial weight array are fitted using a preset S function to obtain a fitting weight array;

[0062] Optimize the elements in the fitting weight array to obtain the target weight array.

[0063] Furthermore, the elements in the fitting weight array are optimized and calculated to obtain the target weight array, which also includes:

[0064] Set negative weight elements in the fitted weights array to zero.

[0065] It should be noted that according to the initial signal array S k =(S k,1 ,S k,2 ,......,S k,PS ) Calculate the element standard deviation σ of the elements contained k The process is expressed as:

[0066]

[0067] Among them, S k,m represents the mth element in the initial signal array, PS is the total number of elements, μ is the variance, and is specifically expressed as:

[0068]

[0069] According to the element standard deviation σ k The process of obtaining the initial weight is:

[0070]

[0071] Calculating all the initial weights can form an initial weight array W = (W1, W2, ... W k ,...,W T ).

[0072] It should be noted that the preset S function is expressed as:

[0073]

[0074] Among them, x is any weight element value in the initial weight array.

[0075] The initial weight array W=(W1,W2,...W k ,...,W T ) are fitted to obtain the fitting weight array W. s When the number of weight elements T = 100, the distribution of the weight array curve before and after fitting is given as follows: Figure 3 As shown, it can be found that there are large differences in the weight distribution characteristics before and after fitting, and the weight distribution before fitting fluctuates greatly, showing obvious instability, while the weight distribution after fitting is relatively more stable and less volatile.

[0076] In order to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the calculated weight array, this embodiment continues to fit the weight array W s The optimization is mainly to fit the weight array W s The weight of the middle area is further increased, and the specific calculation process is expressed as:

[0077] W f (n) = W s (n)*((W s (n) / W s (T / 2))) 2

[0078] Among them, W s (n) is the fitting weight array W s The nth weight element in f (n) represents the target weight array W f The nth weight element in . In addition, the fitting weight array W s All negative weight elements in are set to zero. Combining optimization calculation and zeroing processing, the target weight array W can be obtained. f , please refer to the target weight distribution Figure 4 , at this time T = 100, it can be found that the change characteristics of the fitting weight array and the target weight array are basically the same, and both maintain relatively stable fluctuations.

[0079] Step 103: Calculate the PJVS quantum voltage step wave fundamental amplitude according to the target weight array to obtain the target fundamental amplitude.

[0080] The calculation process of the fundamental amplitude of the PJVS quantum voltage step wave is expressed as:

[0081]

[0082] Among them, Ai , A f They represent the fundamental amplitude of the sine wave obtained by fitting the sampling data at the i-th point of each voltage step, and the target fundamental amplitude calculated based on the weighting method, W i is the target weight array W f The frequency characteristic distribution of the AC voltage fundamental wave amplitude reproduced by the method of this embodiment and the AC voltage fundamental wave amplitude reproduced by the criterion of the 3σ method is as follows: Figure 5 The experimental results show that the calculation scheme of this embodiment has good robustness and high accuracy in measuring the amplitude of the fundamental wave of the step wave quantum voltage. Within 2.5kHz, the step wave voltage reproduction accuracy is better than 2×10 -6 .

[0083] The PJVS quantum voltage step wave amplitude calculation method provided in the embodiment of the present application does not need to divide the stable area and the transition area. By calculating the target weight array based on the initial signal array obtained by the voltage step, the accurate fundamental wave amplitude can be reproduced according to the weight array. In this process, the sampling data of the transition area and the Gibbs effect are also fully utilized, and the accuracy and reliability of the reproduced voltage can be ensured through specific calculations. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application can solve the technical problems of the prior art that the transition area data is discarded and the reproduced voltage lacks stability and reliability.

[0084] For easier understanding, see Figure 2 The present application provides an embodiment of a PJVS quantum voltage step wave amplitude calculation device, comprising:

[0085] A fitting calculation unit 201 is used to perform fitting calculation on data points collected on a PJVS step wave based on Fourier transform to obtain an initial signal array, wherein the PJVS step wave includes a plurality of voltage steps;

[0086] A weight calculation unit 202 is used to use a preset S function to perform weight calculation analysis based on the initial signal array to obtain a target weight array;

[0087] The amplitude calculation unit 203 is used to calculate the amplitude of the fundamental wave of the PJVS quantum voltage step wave according to the target weight array to obtain the target fundamental wave amplitude.

[0088] Preferably, the fitting calculation unit 201 is specifically used for:

[0089] Collect a preset number of data points on each voltage step of the PJVS step wave;

[0090] Based on Fourier transform, discrete Fourier transform is performed according to the step number of the voltage step and a preset number of data points to obtain a fitting function;

[0091] After determining the fitting value of each data point through the fitting function, the element difference calculation is performed according to the fitting value to obtain the initial signal array.

[0092] Preferably, it also includes:

[0093] The waveform generating unit 204 is used to output a plurality of cycles of a sinusoidal step wave voltage signal through PJVS to obtain a PJVS step wave, wherein the PJVS step wave includes a plurality of voltage steps.

[0094] Preferably, the weight calculation unit 202 is specifically used for:

[0095] Calculate the element standard deviation according to the initial signal array, and obtain the initial weight according to the element standard deviation to obtain the initial weight array;

[0096] The elements in the initial weight array are fitted using a preset S function to obtain a fitting weight array;

[0097] Optimize the elements in the fitting weight array to obtain the target weight array.

[0098] The present application also provides a PJVS quantum voltage step wave amplitude calculation device, the device comprising a processor and a memory;

[0099] The memory is used to store the program code and transmit the program code to the processor;

[0100] The processor is used to execute the PJVS quantum voltage step wave amplitude calculation method in the above method embodiment according to the instructions in the program code.

[0101] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0102] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0103] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0104] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for executing all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application through a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.). The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (full name in English: Read-Only Memory, English abbreviation: ROM), random access memory (full name in English: Random Access Memory, English abbreviation: RAM), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0105] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A PJVS quantum voltage step wave amplitude calculation method, characterized in that: include: Based on Fourier transform, the data points collected on the PJVS step wave are fitted and calculated to obtain the initial signal array. The PJVS step wave includes multiple voltage steps. The fitting calculation process is: Collecting a preset number of data points on each voltage step of the PJVS step wave; Based on Fourier transform, discrete Fourier transform is performed according to the step number of the voltage step and the preset number of data points to obtain a fitting function; After determining the fitting value of each of the data points by the fitting function, performing element difference calculation according to the fitting value to obtain an initial signal array; Using the preset S function, weight calculation and analysis are performed according to the initial signal array, and the target weight array is calculated and analyzed as follows: Calculating element standard deviations according to the initial signal array, and obtaining initial weights according to the element standard deviations to obtain an initial weight array; Using a preset S function to perform fitting processing on the elements in the initial weight array to obtain a fitting weight array; The elements in the fitting weight array are optimized and calculated to obtain the target weight array. The optimization calculation is expressed as: ； in, is the fitting weight array The nth weight element in Represents the target weight array The nth weight element in; The fundamental amplitude of the PJVS quantum voltage step wave is calculated according to the target weight array to obtain the target fundamental amplitude. The calculation process is expressed as: ； in, , They respectively represent the fundamental amplitude of the sine wave obtained by fitting the sampling data at the i-th point of each voltage step, and the target fundamental amplitude calculated based on the weighting method, is the target weight array The i-th weight element in is the total number of sampled data points.

2. The PJVS quantum voltage step amplitude calculation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data points collected on the PJVS step wave are fitted and calculated based on Fourier transform to obtain an initial signal array, wherein the PJVS step wave includes multiple voltage steps, and the above also includes: The PJVS outputs a plurality of cycles of a sinusoidal step wave voltage signal to obtain a PJVS step wave, wherein the PJVS step wave includes a plurality of voltage steps.

3. The PJVS quantum voltage step amplitude calculation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The optimizing calculation of the elements in the fitting weight array to obtain the target weight array also includes: Set the negative weight elements in the fitting weight array to zero.

4. A PJVS quantum voltage step wave amplitude calculation device, characterized in that: include: A fitting calculation unit is used to perform fitting calculation on data points collected on a PJVS step wave based on Fourier transform to obtain an initial signal array, wherein the PJVS step wave includes a plurality of voltage steps, and the fitting calculation unit is specifically used to: Collecting a preset number of data points on each voltage step of the PJVS step wave; Based on Fourier transform, discrete Fourier transform is performed according to the step number of the voltage step and the preset number of data points to obtain a fitting function; After determining the fitting value of each of the data points by the fitting function, performing element difference calculation according to the fitting value to obtain an initial signal array; A weight calculation unit is used to use a preset S function to perform weight calculation analysis according to the initial signal array and a target weight array. The weight calculation unit is specifically used to: Calculating element standard deviations according to the initial signal array, and obtaining initial weights according to the element standard deviations to obtain an initial weight array; Using a preset S function to perform fitting processing on the elements in the initial weight array to obtain a fitting weight array; The elements in the fitting weight array are optimized and calculated to obtain the target weight array. The optimization calculation is expressed as: ； in, is the fitting weight array The nth weight element in Represents the target weight array The nth weight element in; The amplitude calculation unit is used to calculate the fundamental amplitude of the PJVS quantum voltage step wave according to the target weight array to obtain the target fundamental amplitude. The calculation process is expressed as: ； in, , They respectively represent the fundamental amplitude of the sine wave obtained by fitting the sampling data at the i-th point of each voltage step, and the target fundamental amplitude calculated based on the weighting method, is the target weight array The i-th weight element in is the total number of sampled data points.

5. The PJVS quantum voltage step amplitude calculation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: The waveform generating unit is used to output a plurality of cycles of a sinusoidal step wave voltage signal through PJVS to obtain a PJVS step wave, wherein the PJVS step wave includes a plurality of voltage steps.

6. A PJVS quantum voltage step wave amplitude calculation device, characterized in that: The device comprises a processor and a memory; The memory is used to store program code and transmit the program code to the processor; The processor is used to execute the PJVS quantum voltage step wave amplitude calculation method described in any one of claims 1-3 according to the instructions in the program code.

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