A flotation reagent and a method for preparing the same

Abstract

The application provides a kind of floatation reagent and its preparation method, relate to mineral processing technical field.A kind of floatation reagent, including the following weight parts raw materials:ethylamine 2-3 parts, medium long carbon chain fatty amine 3-4 parts, fatty acid salt 2-3 parts, diesel oil 0.5-1 part.The floatation reagent prepared by the application has significantly higher selectivity to feldspar than quartz, can realize the floatation separation of feldspar and quartz under neutral conditions, effectively alleviates the problem of environmental pressure caused by the separation of feldspar and quartz under strong acid and strong base conditions in existing research.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mineral processing technology, and in particular to a flotation reagent and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's new energy industry, lepidolite deposits in Yichun have attracted much attention. Typical lepidolite deposits in Yichun contain only about 15% lepidolite, and their tailings are a mixture of feldspar and quartz. As the production capacity of lepidolite deposits in Yichun continues to increase, the amount of lepidolite tailings is also increasing. Since feldspar and quartz are both silicate ores with similar surface physicochemical properties, flotation separation is difficult. Therefore, research on the separation of feldspar and quartz in lepidolite tailings is of great significance for the treatment of lepidolite tailings and the comprehensive recovery and utilization of lepidolite resources in Yichun. In addition, tantalum-niobium ore tailings in Yichun also contain a large amount of a mixture of feldspar and quartz, thus also being of great significance for the comprehensive recovery and utilization of tantalum-niobium resources in Yichun.

[0003] The key challenge in separating feldspar and quartz lies in the fact that while dodecylamine and sodium oleate can effectively separate feldspar and quartz under acidic conditions, they cause severe equipment corrosion and result in high production costs. Separation of feldspar and quartz under alkaline conditions remains largely confined to the laboratory stage and is not ready for industrial application. Under neutral conditions, the surface properties of feldspar and quartz are nearly identical, leading to poor selectivity of conventional flotation reagents and limited separation efficiency. However, the separation of feldspar and quartz under neutral conditions offers advantages such as low cost and less environmental impact. Therefore, the separation of feldspar and quartz under neutral conditions has gradually become a research hotspot in recent years.

[0004] For feldspar and quartz under fluorine-free and acid-free neutral conditions, this invention synthesizes a flotation reagent using aliphatic amines and fatty acid salts with different carbon chain lengths, achieving the separation of feldspar and quartz under neutral conditions. This is of great significance for solving the problem of lithium mica tailings and tantalum-niobium ore tailings in Yichun area. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the technical problems existing in the background art, the present invention proposes a flotation reagent and its preparation method.

[0006] The present invention proposes a flotation reagent comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-3 parts ethylamine, 3-4 parts medium- and long-chain fatty amines, 2-3 parts fatty acid salts, and 0.5-1 parts diesel oil.

[0007] Preferably, the ethylamine is selected from one or more of ethylamine, diethylamine, or triethylamine.

[0008] Preferably, the medium-to-long chain fatty amine is selected from one or more of octylamine, nonylamine, or decanamine.

[0009] Preferably, the fatty acid salt is prepared by sodium stearate, sodium oleate and sodium linoleate in a mass ratio of (6-7):(1-2):1.

[0010] Preferably, the diesel fuel is No. 0 diesel fuel with a density of 0.820-0.855 g / cm³. 3 .

[0011] The present invention also proposes a method for preparing a flotation reagent, comprising the following steps: mixing 2-3 parts of ethylamine, 3-4 parts of medium- and long-chain fatty amines, 2-3 parts of fatty acid salts, and 0.5-1 parts of diesel oil evenly to obtain the flotation reagent.

[0012] Preferably, the flotation reagent aqueous solution is prepared by adding deionized water to the flotation reagent to prepare the flotation reagent aqueous solution.

[0013] More preferably, the mass fraction of the flotation reagent in the aqueous flotation reagent solution is 5-10 wt%.

[0014] This invention also proposes a flotation method for separating feldspar and quartz under neutral conditions, comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1. Pretreatment of mineral samples: The mineral samples are crushed and screened to ensure that the particle size is less than 0.074 mm, accounting for 12-15 wt%.

[0016] S2. Positive flotation enrichment: Add mineral sample and tap water to the flotation cell and mix evenly; add inhibitor and mix evenly; then add the above flotation reagent to deionized water to prepare a flotation reagent aqueous solution and pour it into the flotation cell and mix evenly; aerate and flotate until no foam is scraped off. The product with floating foam is feldspar concentrate, and the product that settles in the flotation cell is quartz concentrate.

[0017] Preferably, in step S2, the mass ratio of the mineral sample to tap water is 1:(3-4); the inhibitor is sodium hexametaphosphate; and the gas used for aeration flotation is air.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0019] The flotation reagent prepared by this invention can effectively separate feldspar and quartz under neutral conditions, effectively alleviating the environmental pressure caused by the separation of feldspar and quartz under strong acid and strong alkali conditions in existing research. The diesel fuel in the flotation reagent prepared by this invention is No. 0 light diesel fuel. Light diesel fuel has a longer carbon chain, strong collecting ability, and a higher fraction ratio, which can improve the feldspar recovery rate. The ethylamine in the flotation reagent prepared by this invention has better water solubility than medium and long carbon chain aliphatic amines and fatty acid salts. Therefore, ethylamine is preferentially adsorbed on the surface of feldspar and quartz. However, due to the shorter carbon chain length and weaker collecting ability of ethylamine, and the different crystal structures of quartz and feldspar, the adsorption sites for medium and long carbon chain fatty acid salts on the quartz surface are fewer than those on the feldspar surface. Therefore, medium and long carbon chain aliphatic amines are adsorbed on the feldspar surface by electrostatic adsorption. At the same time, fatty acid salts and medium and long carbon chain aliphatic amines form alternating adsorption on the feldspar surface, thereby increasing the adsorption amount of flotation reagent on the feldspar surface and improving the selectivity of the flotation reagent. Therefore, the flotation reagent has a significantly higher selectivity for feldspar than for quartz, enabling the flotation separation of feldspar and quartz under neutral conditions. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail through specific embodiments.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] A method for preparing a flotation reagent includes the following steps: 20g of diethylamine, 30g of nonylamine, 17.5g of sodium stearate, 5g of sodium oleate, 2.5g of sodium linoleate, and 10g of No. 0 diesel oil are mixed evenly in a glass beaker to obtain the flotation reagent. 1615g of deionized water is added to the above flotation reagent, and the mixture is stirred until completely dissolved to obtain a 5wt% aqueous solution of the flotation reagent.

[0023] The chemical composition of the tailings after pre-enrichment of lepidolite in the flotation of a lithium-bearing ore in Yichun is shown in Table 1.

[0024] Table 1 Chemical composition of the mineral sample in Example 1

[0025]

[0026] A flotation method for separating feldspar and quartz under neutral conditions includes the following steps:

[0027] S1. Pretreatment of mineral samples: The mineral samples are crushed and screened to ensure that 15 wt% of the particles are smaller than 0.074 mm.

[0028] S2. Positive flotation enrichment: Add 240g of mineral sample and 900g of tap water to the flotation cell and mix evenly; add 200g / t of sodium hexametaphosphate and stir for 3min; then add 350g / t of the flotation reagent aqueous solution prepared above and stir for 4min; introduce air for flotation separation until no foam is scraped off. The product with floating foam is feldspar concentrate, and the product that settles in the flotation cell is quartz concentrate.

[0029] The total K2O and Na2O content in the feldspar concentrate obtained after flotation is 11.98%, which meets the requirements of JC / T857-2000 standard (≥11%); the SiO2 content in the quartz concentrate is 97.01%, which meets the requirements of QB / T 2196-1996 standard (≥97%).

[0030] Example 2

[0031] A method for preparing a flotation reagent includes the following steps: 25g of diethylamine, 35g of nonylamine, 14g of sodium stearate, 4g of sodium oleate, 1g of sodium linoleate, and 10g of No. 0 diesel oil are mixed evenly in a glass beaker to obtain the flotation reagent. 1710g of deionized water is added to the above flotation reagent, and the mixture is stirred until completely dissolved to obtain a 5wt% aqueous solution of the flotation reagent.

[0032] The chemical composition of the tailings after gravity separation and pre-enrichment of tantalum and niobium in a tantalum- and niobium-bearing ore in Yichun is shown in Table 2.

[0033] Table 2 Chemical composition of the mineral samples in Example 2

[0034]

[0035]

[0036] A flotation method for separating feldspar and quartz under neutral conditions includes the following steps:

[0037] S1. Pretreatment of mineral samples: The mineral samples are crushed and screened to ensure that 12 wt% of the particles are smaller than 0.074 mm.

[0038] S2. Positive flotation enrichment: Add 260g of mineral sample and 975g of tap water to the flotation cell and mix evenly; add 180g / t of sodium hexametaphosphate and stir for 3min; then add 400g / t of the flotation reagent aqueous solution prepared above and stir for 4min; introduce air for flotation separation until no foam is scraped off. The product with floating foam is feldspar concentrate, and the product that settles in the flotation cell is quartz concentrate.

[0039] The total K2O and Na2O content in the feldspar concentrate obtained after flotation is 11.28%, which meets the requirements of JC / T857-2000 standard (≥11%); the SiO2 content in the quartz concentrate is 97.12%, which meets the requirements of QB / T 2196-1996 standard (≥97%).

[0040] Example 3

[0041] A method for preparing a flotation reagent includes the following steps: 20g of diethylamine, 40g of nonylamine, 17.5g of sodium stearate, 5g of sodium oleate, 2.5g of sodium linoleate, and 10g of No. 0 diesel oil are mixed evenly in a glass beaker to obtain the flotation reagent. 1805g of deionized water is added to the above flotation reagent, and the mixture is stirred until completely dissolved to obtain a 5wt% aqueous solution of the flotation reagent.

[0042] The chemical composition of the tailings after pre-enrichment of lepidolite in the flotation of a lithium-bearing ore in Yichun is shown in Table 3.

[0043] Table 3 Chemical composition of the mineral samples in Example 3

[0044]

[0045] A flotation method for separating feldspar and quartz under neutral conditions includes the following steps:

[0046] S1. Pretreatment of mineral samples: The mineral samples are crushed and screened to ensure that 15 wt% of the particles are smaller than 0.074 mm.

[0047] S2. Positive flotation enrichment: Add 240g of mineral sample and 900g of tap water to the flotation cell and mix evenly; add 200g / t of sodium hexametaphosphate and stir for 3min; then add 300g / t of the flotation reagent aqueous solution prepared above and stir for 4min; introduce air for flotation separation until no foam is scraped off. The product with floating foam is feldspar concentrate, and the product that settles in the flotation cell is quartz concentrate.

[0048] The total K2O and Na2O content in the feldspar concentrate obtained after flotation is 11.06%, which meets the requirements of JC / T857-2000 standard (≥11%); the SiO2 content in the quartz concentrate is 97.01%, which meets the requirements of QB / T 2196-1996 standard (≥97%).

[0049] Comparative Example 1

[0050] The only difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is the flotation reagent used, as detailed below:

[0051] A method for preparing a flotation reagent includes the following steps: 25g of dodecylamine and 15g of sodium oleate are mixed evenly in a glass beaker to obtain the flotation reagent. 760g of deionized water is added to the above flotation reagent, and the mixture is stirred until completely dissolved to obtain a 5wt% aqueous solution of the flotation reagent.

[0052] The chemical composition of the tailings after pre-enrichment of lepidolite in the flotation of a lithium-bearing ore in Yichun is shown in Table 1.

[0053] A flotation method for separating feldspar and quartz includes the following steps:

[0054] S1. Pretreatment of mineral samples: The mineral samples are crushed and screened to ensure that 15 wt% of the particles are smaller than 0.074 mm.

[0055] S2. Positive Flotation Enrichment: Add 240g of ore sample and 900g of tap water to the flotation cell and mix thoroughly; add 260g / t of sulfuric acid to adjust the pH to 2.5; then add 450g / t of the flotation reagent aqueous solution prepared above and stir for 4 minutes; perform aerated flotation. The resulting frothy product is feldspar rough concentrate, and the product in the flotation cell is quartz concentrate. The obtained feldspar rough concentrate is further refined after adding 100g / t of sulfuric acid to adjust the pH to 2.5. The resulting frothy product is feldspar concentrate, and the product settling in the flotation cell is quartz concentrate.

[0056] The total K2O and Na2O content in the feldspar concentrate obtained after flotation was 9.14%, which did not meet the JC / T857-2000 standard requirement (≥11%); the SiO2 content in the quartz concentrate was 94.13%, which did not meet the QB / T2196-1996 standard requirement (≥97%).

[0057] Comparative Example 2

[0058] The only difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is the flotation reagent used, as detailed below:

[0059] A method for preparing a flotation reagent includes the following steps: 20g of dodecylamine and 10g of sodium oleate are mixed evenly in a glass beaker to obtain the flotation reagent. 570g of deionized water is added to the above flotation reagent, and the mixture is stirred until completely dissolved to obtain a 5wt% aqueous solution of the flotation reagent.

[0060] The chemical composition of the tailings after pre-enrichment of lepidolite in the flotation of a lithium-bearing ore in Yichun is shown in Table 1.

[0061] A flotation method for separating feldspar and quartz includes the following steps:

[0062] S1. Pretreatment of mineral samples: The mineral samples are crushed and screened to ensure that 15 wt% of the particles are smaller than 0.074 mm.

[0063] S2. Positive Flotation Enrichment: Add 240g of ore sample and 900g of tap water to the flotation cell and mix thoroughly; add 240g / t of sulfuric acid to adjust the pH to 2.5; then add 400g / t of the flotation reagent aqueous solution prepared above and stir for 4 minutes; perform aeration flotation. The resulting frothy product is feldspar rough concentrate, and the product in the flotation cell is quartz concentrate. The obtained feldspar rough concentrate is further refined after adding 120g / t of sulfuric acid to adjust the pH to 2.5. The resulting frothy product is feldspar concentrate, and the product settling in the flotation cell is quartz concentrate.

[0064] The total K2O and Na2O content in the feldspar concentrate obtained after flotation was 9.53%, which did not meet the JC / T857-2000 standard requirement (≥11%); the SiO2 content in the quartz concentrate was 95.64%, which did not meet the QB / T2196-1996 standard requirement (≥97%).

[0065] Data from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 show that the flotation reagent prepared by this invention can effectively separate feldspar and quartz under neutral conditions, ensuring that the total K₂O and Na₂O content in the feldspar concentrate is not less than 11% and the SiO₂ content in the quartz concentrate is not less than 97%. However, after changing the flotation reagent, the feldspar and quartz concentrates obtained after flotation do not meet the relevant standards. In summary, the flotation reagent prepared by this invention can effectively separate feldspar and quartz under neutral conditions.

[0066] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flotation reagent for separating feldspar and quartz under neutral conditions, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following parts by weight: 2-3 parts ethylamine, 3-4 parts medium- and long-chain fatty amines, 2-3 parts fatty acid salts, and 0.5-1 parts diesel oil; wherein the ethylamine is selected from one or more of ethylamine, diethylamine, or triethylamine; wherein the medium- and long-chain fatty amines are selected from one or more of octylamine, nonylamine, or decanamine; and wherein the fatty acid salts are prepared by mixing sodium stearate, sodium oleate, and sodium linoleate in a mass ratio of (6-7):(1-2):

1.

2. The flotation reagent for separating feldspar and quartz under neutral conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diesel fuel mentioned is No. 0 diesel fuel with a density of 0.820-0.855 g / cm³.

3. A method for preparing a flotation reagent for separating feldspar and quartz under neutral conditions as described in any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: mixing 2-3 parts of ethylamine, 3-4 parts of medium- and long-chain fatty amines, 2-3 parts of fatty acid salts, and 0.5-1 parts of diesel oil until homogeneous to obtain the flotation reagent.

4. A flotation method for separating feldspar and quartz under neutral conditions, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Mineral sample pretreatment: The mineral sample is crushed and screened to ensure that the particle size is less than 0.074mm, accounting for 12-15 wt%. S2. Positive flotation enrichment: Add mineral sample and tap water to the flotation cell and mix evenly; add inhibitor and mix evenly; then add the flotation reagent according to any one of claims 1-2 to deionized water to prepare a flotation reagent aqueous solution and pour it into the flotation cell and mix evenly; aerate and flotate until no foam is scraped off, the resulting floating foam product is feldspar concentrate, and the product settled in the flotation cell is quartz concentrate.

5. The flotation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S2, the mass ratio of the mineral sample to tap water is 1:(3-4); the inhibitor is sodium hexametaphosphate; and the gas used for aeration flotation is air.

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