Spacecraft assembly fastener pre-tensioning device

Abstract

The application discloses a spacecraft assembly fastener pre-tightening device and belongs to the technical field of spacecraft fastener pre-tightening. The application discloses a spacecraft assembly fastener pre-tightening device and belongs to the technical field of spacecraft fastener pre-tightening. The application discloses a spacecraft assembly fastener pre-tightening device and belongs to the technical field of spacecraft fastener pre-tightening. The application discloses a spacecraft assembly fastener pre-tightening device and belongs to the technical field of spacecraft fastener pre-tightening. The application discloses a spacecraft assembly fastener pre-tightening device and belongs to the technical field of spacecraft fastener pre-tightening. The application discloses a spacecraft assembly fastener pre-tightening device and belongs to the technical field of spacecraft fastener pre-tightening. The application discloses a spacecraft assembly fastener pre-tightening device and belongs to the technical field of spacecraft fastener pre-tightening. The application discloses a spacecraft assembly fastener pre-tightening device and belongs to the technical field of spacecraft fastener pre-tightening. The application discloses a spacecraft assembly fastener pre-tightening device and belongs to the technical field of spacecraft fastener pre-tightening. The application discloses a spacecraft assembly fastener pre-tightening device and belongs to the technical field of spacecraft fastener pre-tightening. The application discloses a spacecraft assembly fastener pre-tightening device and belongs to the technical field of spacecraft fastener pre-tightening. The application discloses a spacecraft assembly fastener pre-tightening device and belongs to the technical field of spacecraft fastener pre-tightening. The application discloses a spacecraft assembly fastener pre-tightening device and belongs to the technical field of spacecraft fastener pre-tightening. The application discloses a spacecraft assembly fastener pre-tightening device and belongs to the technical field of spacecraft fastener pre-tightening. The application discloses a spacecraft assembly fastener pre-tightening device and belongs to the technical field of spacecraft fastener pre-tightening. The application discloses a spacecraft assembly fastener pre-tightening device and belongs to the technical field of spacecraft fastener pre-tightening. The application discloses a spacecraft assembly fastener pre-tightening device and belongs to the technical field of spacecraft fastener pre-tightening. The application discloses a spacecraft assembly fastener pre-tightening device and belongs to the technical field of spacecraft fastener pre-tightening. The application discloses a spacecraft assembly fastener pre-tightening device and belongs to the technical field of spacecraft fastener pre-tightening. The application discloses a spacecraft assembly fastener pre-t

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of spacecraft fastener pre-tightening technology, specifically relating to a spacecraft assembly fastener pre-tightening device. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of spacecraft system integration, threaded connections directly affect the overall performance of the spacecraft. Generally, a method of applying preload to the threaded fasteners is adopted, that is, using a torque tightening device to control the preload of the threaded connection by manipulating the tightening torque value, thereby achieving reliable installation of the fasteners.

[0003] In the overall satellite assembly process, the torque tightening device plays an important role in mechanical assembly. To ensure the high reliability of the threaded connection and meet the mechanical environment requirements, the threaded fastener is generally tightened by applying a preload. The preload of the threaded fastener is generally controlled by the torque control method, that is, the torque tightening device controls the preload of the threaded connection by manipulating the tightening torque value T. Generally speaking, the greater the tightening torque applied to the bolt, the greater the preload, the higher the thread tightness, and the more reliable the threaded connection.

[0004] However, in practice, torque wrenches are usually used to tighten and preload bolts. When applying preload to bolts in this way, due to the complexity of the spacecraft structure, the bolt specifications of different parts or even the same part may vary. Therefore, when tightening bolts, it is often necessary to frequently change the socket used on the torque wrench, resulting in low assembly efficiency. At the same time, carrying multiple sockets can easily lead to them falling into or being lost in related parts of the spacecraft, which may cause problems with the use of the parts later. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a pre-tightening device for fasteners in spacecraft assembly, which solves the problem that existing tools such as torque wrenches for applying pre-tightening force to bolts require frequent replacement of sleeves that match the bolt specifications when dealing with bolts of different specifications, resulting in inconvenience in operation and low efficiency in spacecraft assembly.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a pre-tightening device for fasteners in spacecraft assembly, comprising a circular base plate, wherein six through slots are equally spaced along the circumference of the circular base plate, each through slot is provided with a vertical sliding post, one end of each vertical sliding post is provided with a clamping block fixedly connected thereto, and the other end of each vertical sliding post is provided with a horizontal limiting post, the width of which is greater than the width of the through slot, one end of which is fixedly connected to the vertical sliding post, and the other end of which is provided with a vertical limiting post fixedly connected thereto. The six vertical limiting posts are provided with limiting cones on their outer sides. The limiting cones are hollow inside. The large end of the vertical limiting post passing through the limiting cone is located inside the limiting cone. The small end of the limiting cone is provided with a locking bolt. The outer side of the circular base plate is provided with a hollow shell that covers the limiting cone. One end of the hollow shell is detachably connected to the prototype base plate. The other end of the hollow shell is provided with a threaded hole. The locking bolt is located in the threaded hole. The middle of the circular base plate is also provided with a clamping mechanism that presses the vertical limiting post against the inner side of the limiting cone.

[0007] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes a vertical mounting column perpendicular to the circular base plate. One end of the vertical mounting column is detachably connected to the middle of the circular base plate. Six sets of springs are circumferentially arranged on the outer surface of the vertical mounting column. Each spring set includes at least three springs. The three springs are respectively arranged at the upper, middle and lower parts of the vertical mounting column. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the vertical mounting column, and the other end of the spring is detachably connected to the vertical limiting column at the corresponding position.

[0008] Furthermore, the circular base plate has strip-shaped grooves along the length of the through groove, with the edges of the strip-shaped grooves communicating with the through groove, and the transverse limiting post is slidably placed in the strip-shaped grooves on both sides.

[0009] Furthermore, an annular pressure plate integrally formed therewith is provided on the inner side of the hollow shell. One side of the annular pressure plate is connected to the hollow shell, and the other side of the annular pressure plate is pressed against the upper surface of the transverse limiting post.

[0010] Furthermore, a pressure strain gauge is attached to the inner side of the limiting cone, and a display panel for reading the torque value collected by the pressure strain gauge is provided on the outer side of the hollow shell.

[0011] Furthermore, a connecting block is provided on the outer side of the hollow shell, and a connecting hole is provided in the middle of the connecting block, with a torque wrench provided inside the connecting hole.

[0012] Furthermore, the contact surface between the clamping block and the bolt is provided with several vertically arranged anti-slip protrusions.

[0013] Furthermore, when the vertical limiting post is located at its extreme position near the center of the circular base plate, the six clamping blocks are spliced ​​together, and their inner surfaces form a regular hexagon.

[0014] Furthermore, the circular base plate has several annular indicator lines on its surface facing the clamping block. When one side of the vertical sliding column coincides with the annular indicator lines, the space formed by the inner sides of the six clamping blocks corresponds to the bolt head specification of a type of bolt.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0016] (1) In this technical solution, the position of the limiting cone can be changed by tightening the locking bolt, thereby changing the position of the six clamping blocks. That is, this device can tighten and disassemble bolts of different specifications by adjusting the locking bolt. In aerospace assembly, there is no need to frequently change the sleeve or carry multiple specifications of sleeves, thus improving assembly efficiency. (2) In this technical solution, the position of the clamping blocks retracting and extending can be arbitrarily changed by adjusting the locking bolt. That is, when tightening the bolt, the bolt can be clamped first and then rotated. That is, the clamping blocks and the bolt heads fit more tightly and are less likely to break. During the tightening process, slippage and wear are caused. In this way, the device can also disassemble some bolts with severe surface wear (because bolts with severe surface wear will slip when using the corresponding sleeve); (3) The device can easily assemble each component. At the same time, by adjusting the number of clamping blocks, vertical sliding columns, vertical limiting columns and horizontal limiting columns, the shape of the space formed in the middle of the clamping block can be changed, and special bolts can be installed and disassembled (for example, by installing three clamping blocks with a clamping angle of 120 degrees, the bolts at the triangular ends can be tightened and disassembled).

[0017] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in the following description and will be apparent to those skilled in the art in some respects, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the following figures are provided for illustration:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the pre-tightening device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of the pre-tightening device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the front view of the pre-tightening device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic internal cross-sectional view of the pre-tightening device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the circular base plate and the clamping mechanism of the pre-tightening device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the clamping blocks in the pre-tightening device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the setting of the limiting cone of the pre-tightening device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the hollow outer shell of the pre-tightening device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the annular pressure plate in the pre-tightening device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the annular indicator line in the pre-tightening device of the present invention.

[0029] The following labels are shown in the attached diagram:

[0030] 1. Circular base plate; 2. Through groove; 3. Horizontal limiting post; 4. Vertical limiting post; 5. Vertical sliding post; 6. Clamping block; 7. Limiting cone; 8. Locking bolt; 9. Hollow outer shell; 10. Threaded hole; 11. Connecting block; 12. Ring pressure plate; 13. Mounting post; 14. Spring; 15. Torque wrench; 16. Ring indicator line. Detailed Implementation

[0031] like Figures 1-10As shown, this invention discloses a pre-tightening device for fasteners in spacecraft assembly, comprising a circular base plate 1. Six through slots 2 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the circular base plate 1. The reason for having six through slots 2 is that the bolt heads of conventional bolts are hexagonal. Each through slot 2 contains a vertical sliding post 5, the width of which is the same as the width of the through slot 2. One end of each vertical sliding post 5 is fixedly connected to a clamping block 6. In this embodiment, the fixed connection can be achieved by welding. A transverse limiting post 3 is provided at the other end of each vertical sliding post 5. The width of the transverse limiting post 3 is greater than the width of the through slot 2. This arrangement prevents the transverse limiting post 3 from passing through the through slot 2, thus allowing it to slide on the circular base plate 1. One end of the transverse limiting post 3 is fixedly connected to the vertical sliding post 5, and the other end of the transverse limiting post 3 is fixedly connected to a vertical limiting post 4. Limiting cones 7 are provided on the outer sides of the six vertical limiting posts 4. The interior of the limiting cones 7 is hollow, and the vertical limiting posts 4 pass through the limiting cones 7. The large end is located inside the limiting cone 7, and the small end of the limiting cone 7 is provided with a locking bolt 8. The connection between the locking bolt 8 and the limiting cone 7 can be a fixed connection (welding). In this way, the cone will rotate with the rotation of the locking bolt 8, which does not affect the use to a certain extent. Alternatively, the locking bolt 8 and the limiting cone 7 can be rotatably limited. This can be understood as being able to rotate but not to have relative vertical displacement. For example, by passing the end of the locking bolt 8 through the end of the cone, and then setting two annular blocks on the locking bolt 8, so that the end of the limiting cone 7 is located between the two annular blocks. A hollow shell 9 is provided on the outside of the circular base plate 1 to cover the limiting cone 7. One end of the hollow shell 9 is detachably connected to the circular base plate 1, and the other end of the hollow shell 9 is provided with a threaded hole 10. The locking bolt 8 is located in the threaded hole 10. The middle part of the circular base plate 1 is also provided with a clamping mechanism to press the vertical limiting post 4 against the inner side of the limiting cone 7.

[0032] The working principle of this technical solution is as follows: By rotating the locking bolt 8, the lifting and lowering of the limiting cone 7 can be adjusted. When the limiting cone 7 rises, the diameter of the contact area between the vertical limiting post 4 and the limiting cone 7 gradually increases. That is, under the action of the clamping mechanism, the vertical limiting post 4 is pushed outward, which in turn drives the clamping block 6 to move outward, thereby increasing the space formed by the six clamping blocks 6, and thus matching bolts with larger bolt head specifications. When the limiting cone 7 descends, the diameter of the contact area between the vertical limiting post 4 and the limiting cone 7 gradually decreases. At this time, the inner side of the limiting cone 7... The vertical limiting post 4 is pressed against the surface, which in turn drives the clamping block 6 to move towards the center, thereby reducing the space formed between the six clamping blocks 6 and matching the smaller bolt. It should also be noted that when rotating the assembly bolt, the clamping block 6 is subjected to a torque that moves outward from the through groove 2. However, since the vertical limiting post 4 is in contact with the limiting cone 7, that is, the inner side of the limiting cone 7 restricts the displacement of the vertical limiting post 4, it can be ensured that the position of the clamping block 6 will not change when rotating the bolt. At the same time, the through groove 2 limits the position of the vertical sliding post 5, so that no lateral movement occurs.

[0033] Specifically, the clamping mechanism includes a vertical mounting post 13 that is perpendicular to the circular base plate 1. One end of the vertical mounting post 13 is detachably connected to the middle of the circular base plate 1, which can be a threaded connection. Six sets of springs 14 are circumferentially arranged on the outer surface of the vertical mounting post 13. Each set of springs 14 includes at least three springs 14. The three springs 14 are respectively arranged at the upper, middle and lower parts of the vertical mounting post 13. One end of the spring 14 is fixedly connected to the vertical mounting post 13, and the other end of the spring 14 is detachably connected to the vertical limiting post 4 at the corresponding position.

[0034] The spring 14 is designed to keep the vertical limiting post 4 pressed against the inner wall of the limiting cone 7. When the limiting cone 7 moves upward, the spring 14 can push the clamping block 6 to the designated position. When the limiting cone 7 moves downward, the inner wall of the limiting cone 7 compresses the spring 14 and deforms, which in turn keeps the vertical limiting post 4 pressed against the inner wall of the limiting cone 7.

[0035] The circular base plate 1 has strip-shaped grooves along the length of the through groove 2. The edges of the strip-shaped grooves are connected to the through groove 2. The transverse limiting post 3 is slidably placed in the strip-shaped grooves on both sides. This arrangement limits the sidewall of the groove to the sidewall of the transverse sliding post, further improving the stability when tightening the bolt.

[0036] An annular pressure plate 12 is integrally formed on the inner side of the hollow shell 9. One side of the annular pressure plate is connected to the hollow shell 9, and the other side of the annular pressure plate 12 is pressed against the upper surface of the transverse limiting post 3. The annular pressure plate 12 is set so that after the hollow shell 9 is installed, the annular pressure plate 12 contacts the transverse limiting post 3 and presses it, limiting its vertical movement, improving the effect of the device during use, and preventing the clamping block 6 from sliding up and down.

[0037] A pressure strain gauge is attached to the inner surface of the limiting cone 7, and a display panel for reading the torque value collected by the pressure strain gauge is provided on the outer surface of the hollow shell 9. First, it should be noted that the most commonly used strain gauge is the bonded strain gauge (i.e., strain plate). Its main disadvantages are small output signal, narrow linear range, and poor dynamic response (see resistance strain gauges and semiconductor strain gauges). However, due to the small size of the strain gauge, the availability of various specifications of commercially available strain gauges, and the flexibility in designing the elastic sensing element to adapt to various applications, strain gauge pressure sensors still have wide applications. According to the different structures of the elastic sensing element, strain gauge pressure sensors can be roughly divided into four types: strain tube type, diaphragm type, strain beam type, and combined type. Furthermore, strain gauge pressure sensors are one of the most widely used pressure sensors. They are generally used to measure large pressures and are widely used in measuring internal pipeline pressure, internal combustion engine gas pressure, differential pressure and injection pressure, pulsating pressure in engine and missile tests, and fluid pressure in various fields.

[0038] Therefore, by installing a pressure strain gauge on the inner wall of the limiting cone 7, the torque received by the clamping block 6 can be transmitted to the vertical limiting post 4. When the vertical limiting post 4 presses against the limiting cone 7, the pressure strain gauge will deform and thus collect the pressure. The pressure can then be converted into the pre-tightening torque of the bolt and displayed on the display panel, thus obtaining the magnitude of the pre-tightening force on the bolt. The pre-tightening torque measured in this way is more accurate than that measured by the traditional torque wrench 15, which ensures the pre-tightening effect of the aircraft assembly bolts. Of course, the process of data acquisition, data conversion, and display on the display panel is existing technology and will not be elaborated on here. You can refer to the setting method of pressure sensors with data display in the existing technology.

[0039] The hollow shell 9 is also provided with a connecting block 11 on the outside. The connecting block 11 has a connecting hole in the middle and a torque wrench in the connecting hole. Of course, it is not necessary to use a torque wrench 15. The torque wrench 15 can verify the preload value detected by the pressure strain gauge and further improve the preload effect of the bolt in this technical solution.

[0040] In this specific embodiment, the circular base plate 1 and the hollow outer shell 9 are connected by threads. After being connected to the designated position, the rotation of the hollow outer shell 9 needs to be restricted by a limit pin to prevent the hollow outer shell 9 from rotating when the bolt is turned.

[0041] Several vertically arranged anti-slip protrusions are provided on the contact surface between the clamping block 6 and the bolt. When the vertical limiting post 4 is located at the extreme position near the middle of the circular base plate 1, the six clamping blocks 6 are spliced ​​together, and the inner side forms a regular hexagon.

[0042] The circular base plate 1 has several annular indicator lines 16 on its surface facing the clamping block 6. When the vertical sliding column 5 or one side of the clamping block 6 coincides with the annular indicator line 16, it is preferable that the side is an arc-shaped surface, which makes it easier to observe whether it coincides with the annular indicator line 16. At this time, the space formed by the inner sides of the six clamping blocks 6 corresponds to the bolt head specification of a type of bolt. By setting the annular indicator lines 16, the clamping block 6 can be easily adjusted to the position corresponding to the bolt specification, improving the adjustment speed and accuracy.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made to it in form and detail without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pre-tightening device for fasteners in spacecraft assembly, characterized in that: The device includes a circular base plate with six equally spaced through slots along its circumference. Each slot contains a vertical sliding post. One end of each vertical sliding post has a clamping block fixedly connected to it, and the other end has a horizontal limiting post. The width of the horizontal limiting post is greater than the width of the through slot. One end of the horizontal limiting post is fixedly connected to the vertical sliding post, and the other end has a vertical limiting post fixedly connected to it. Limiting cones are located outside the six vertical limiting posts. The limiting cones are hollow, with the larger ends of the vertical limiting posts passing through them located inside. A locking screw is located at the smaller end of the limiting cone. The circular base plate has a hollow outer shell that encloses the limiting cone. One end of the hollow outer shell is detachably connected to the original base plate, and the other end of the hollow outer shell has a threaded hole. The locking bolt is located in the threaded hole. The middle of the circular base plate also has a clamping mechanism that presses the vertical limiting post against the inner side of the limiting cone. The locking bolt and the limiting cone are rotatably limited, meaning that the locking bolt and the limiting cone can rotate relative to each other but do not have relative vertical displacement. Specifically, the end of the locking bolt passes through the end of the cone, and two annular blocks are provided on the end of the locking bolt. The end of the limiting cone is located between the two annular blocks. The clamping mechanism includes a vertical mounting column perpendicular to the circular base plate. One end of the vertical mounting column is detachably connected to the middle of the circular base plate. Six sets of springs are circumferentially arranged on the outer surface of the vertical mounting column. Each spring set includes at least three springs, which are respectively arranged at the upper, middle, and lower parts of the vertical mounting column. One end of each spring is fixedly connected to the vertical mounting column, and the other end is detachably connected to a vertical limiting column at the corresponding position. The circular base plate has strip-shaped grooves along the length of the through groove, with the edges of the grooves communicating with the through groove. The transverse limiting column is slidably placed in the strip-shaped grooves on both sides. An annular pressure plate is integrally formed on the inner side of the hollow shell. One side of the annular pressure plate is connected to the hollow shell, and the other side of the annular pressure plate is pressed against the upper surface of the transverse limiting column. A pressure strain gauge is attached to the inner side of the limiting cone, and a display panel for reading the torque value collected by the pressure strain gauge is provided on the outer side of the hollow shell.

2. The spacecraft assembly fastener pre-tightening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow shell is also provided with a connecting block on the outside, and a connecting hole is provided in the middle of the connecting block, and a torque wrench is provided in the connecting hole.

3. The spacecraft assembly fastener pre-tightening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact surface between the clamping block and the bolt is provided with several vertically arranged anti-slip protrusions.

4. A spacecraft assembly fastener pre-tightening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the vertical limiting post is at its extreme position near the center of the circular base plate, the six clamping blocks are spliced ​​together, and their inner surfaces form a regular hexagon.

5. A spacecraft assembly fastener pre-tightening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circular base plate has several annular indicator lines on its surface facing the clamping block. When one side of the vertical sliding column coincides with the annular indicator lines, the space formed by the inner sides of the six clamping blocks corresponds to the bolt head specification of a type of bolt.

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