Model apparatus for making angled rock layering and methods of using same

Abstract

This invention discloses a model device for fabricating rock bedding at a specific angle and its method of use, relating to rock mechanics testing equipment. The model device includes a base and multiple mold cylinders above it. The bottom of the mold cylinders is connected to the base via a support plate. The side walls of the mold cylinders have joints corresponding to the bedding joints on the specimen. Two mold cylinders corresponding to 0° and 90° bedding joints are placed vertically and horizontally, respectively. The bottom of the mold cylinder corresponding to bedding joints between 0° and 90° is connected to the base via an angle adjustment frame. Mortar is injected layer by layer into the mold cylinders, and isolation material is filled at different bedding joint locations. After the grout is filled and solidified, the angle adjustment frame is removed, allowing the support plate and mold cylinders to be placed horizontally. The mold cylinders are then removed using a demolding mechanism. This invention can fabricate cylindrical rock model specimens with different bedding angles in a single operation, and the specimens can simulate actual rocks with bedding planes. The model device provided by this invention is detachable and washable, easy to assemble and disassemble, reusable, and durable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rock mechanics testing equipment, and in particular to a device for creating a model of rock bedding at a certain angle and its method of use. Background Technology

[0002] Many bedding rocks exist in nature, with varying bedding angles. The mechanical properties of these rocks are complex and vary with the number of bedding planes and their angles. When conducting rock mechanics tests on these rocks, field research is inconvenient; therefore, it is necessary to fabricate standard specimens using similar materials to create model specimens of these bedding rocks. Thus, it is essential to develop a device for fabricating these models to advance research on the influence of bedding on rock properties. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a model device for creating rock bedding at a certain angle, aiming to solve the technical problem that in the prior art, field sampling is inconvenient and it is impossible to carry out research on the mechanical properties of rocks under different angle bedding and quantity conditions.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A modeling device for creating rock bedding at a certain angle includes a base and several cylindrical mold cylinders. The bottom of each mold cylinder is provided with a support plate connected to the base. The side walls of the mold cylinders are provided with joints corresponding to the bedding joints on the specimen. The mold cylinders can be filled with mortar for making the specimen. Two mold cylinders corresponding to 0° and 90° bedding joints are placed on the base in a vertical and horizontal position, respectively. The bottom of the mold cylinder corresponding to the bedding joint between 0° and 90° is connected to the base via an angle adjustment frame. The support plate at the bottom of the mold cylinder corresponding to the bedding joint between 0° and 90° is connected to a demolding mechanism for removing the specimen from the mold cylinder.

[0006] Preferably, the mold cylinder is assembled from multiple sleeve pieces, with the joint between two adjacent sleeve pieces corresponding to the stratification joint of the specimen. The sleeve pieces assembling the mold cylinder are connected and fixed by steel needles parallel to the generatrix of the mold cylinder. The sleeve pieces are provided with corresponding steel needle holes that cooperate with the steel needles, and the length of the steel needles is greater than the height of the steel needle holes inside the mold cylinder. The open end of the mold cylinder corresponding to the 90° stratification joint is provided with a baffle to prevent mortar from flowing out.

[0007] Preferably, the two mold cylinders corresponding to the 0° and 90° layering joints are a vertical mold cylinder and a horizontal mold cylinder, respectively; the mold cylinders corresponding to the 0° to 90° layering joints are a 30° mold cylinder, a 45° mold cylinder, a 60° mold cylinder, and a 75° mold cylinder, respectively. The exterior of the 30° mold cylinder, the 45° mold cylinder, the 60° mold cylinder, and the 75° mold cylinder are provided with multiple upright fixing plates, and the lower end of the fixing plates is fixed to the support plate.

[0008] Preferably, the side walls of the vertical mold cylinder, the 30° mold cylinder, the 45° mold cylinder, the 60° mold cylinder, and the 75° mold cylinder are all connected and fixed by two steel pins, and the two ends of the side wall of the horizontal mold cylinder are respectively connected and fixed by four steel pins.

[0009] Preferably, the angle adjustment frame includes a support rod and fasteners at its ends. The lower part of the support rod is bent, with bending angles of 150°, 135°, 120°, and 105° corresponding to the 30° mold cylinder, 45° mold cylinder, 60° mold cylinder, and 75° mold cylinder, respectively. One end of the support rod is rotatably connected to the edge of the base, and the other end of the support rod can pass through the mounting hole on the support plate and be connected to the fasteners. The other end of the support plate is rotatably connected to the edge of the base.

[0010] Preferably, the fastener consists of two nuts, which are respectively disposed on the upper and lower sides of the support plate.

[0011] Preferably, the demolding mechanism includes an impact plate, a central rod, and boundary rods. The impact plate is disposed below the support plate and is connected to the support plate via the central rod and boundary rods. The upper end of the central rod is fixed to the bottom of the support plate and coincides with the central axis of the mold cylinder, while the lower end of the central rod passes through the impact plate. There are multiple boundary rods, which are radially arranged around the central rod. The distance between the boundary rods and the central rod is between the inner and outer radii of the mold cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, both the center rod and the boundary rod are threaded rods with nuts. The nuts of the center rod and the boundary rod are in close contact with the lower surface of the impact plate. The upper end of the boundary rod passes through the support plate and abuts against the lower end of the side wall of the mold cylinder. The lower end of the boundary rod is also provided with a locking nut that mates with the upper surface of the impact plate.

[0013] Preferably, an oil layer is provided on the mating surface between the fixing plate and the mold cylinder.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for using a device for creating a model of rock bedding at a certain angle, comprising the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Prepare cement mortar that matches the actual rock composition and prepare the isolation material;

[0016] Step 2: Construct a model device for creating rock bedding at a specific angle;

[0017] (1) Assemble the mold cylinder with multiple sleeve pieces and fix the mold cylinder with steel needles;

[0018] (2) Apply oil to the contact surface between the fixed plate and the mold cylinder;

[0019] (3) Use an angle adjustment bracket to support the tray and mold cylinder so that the tilt angle of the tray is consistent with the upper layer angle of the specimen;

[0020] Step 3: First, inject cement mortar into the mold cylinder up to the first stratification joint to form a stratification surface at a certain angle, and then lay a thin layer of release material; repeat this method until the entire mold cylinder is filled.

[0021] Step 4: Remove the support rod and restore the mold cylinder and support plate to a horizontal position;

[0022] Step 5: Let the prepared specimen in the mold cylinder stand for a period of time until it solidifies and dries;

[0023] Step 6: Remove the steel needle, strike the demolding mechanism at the bottom of the support plate with a hammer to detach the mold cylinder from the support plate, remove the mold cylinder, and remove the sleeve plate to obtain a cylindrical rock specimen containing bedding; for mold cylinders corresponding to 0° and 90° bedding joints, the specimen can be directly removed.

[0024] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the present invention, by arranging multiple assembled mold cylinders vertically, horizontally, or with the aid of an angle adjustment frame at an angle consistent with the bedding planes; injecting mortar layer by layer, and setting different composition isolation materials at different bedding plane locations according to actual conditions, cylindrical rock model specimens with different bedding angles are produced at one time. The cylindrical specimens are prepared according to the actual rock composition. The angle of the generated bedding planes is strictly controlled by the bedding planes on the mold cylinders. After the mold cylinders are filled with grout and solidify, the angle adjustment frame is removed, allowing the support plate and mold cylinders to be placed horizontally. Finally, the mold cylinders are removed using a demolding mechanism. The model device provided by the present invention is detachable and washable, easy to assemble and disassemble, reusable, and durable. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a device for creating a model of rock bedding at a certain angle, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view of the model device;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a front view of the horizontal mold cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support state of the 30° mold cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 These are schematic diagrams of the structures of various mold cylinders in embodiments of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the demolding mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] In the diagram: 1-base, 2-mold cylinder, 21-vertical mold cylinder, 22-horizontal mold cylinder, 23-30° mold cylinder, 24-45° mold cylinder, 25-60° mold cylinder, 26-75° mold cylinder; 3-support plate, 4-layer seam, 5-sleeve plate, 6-baffle, 7-fixing plate, 8-support rod, 80-bend; 9-fastener, 10-rotating component, 11-impact plate, 12-center rod, 13-boundary rod, 14-locking nut, 15-steel needle hole, 16-steel needle; 17-groove, 18-rotating shaft, 19-fixing cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] See Figure 1 , 2 The present invention provides a device for making a model of rock bedding at a certain angle, comprising a base 1 and several cylindrical mold cylinders 2, the bottom of each mold cylinder 2 being provided with a support plate 3 connected to the base 1; the side wall of each mold cylinder 2 is provided with a joint corresponding to the bedding joint 4 on the specimen, and the mold cylinder 2 can be filled with mortar for making the specimen; two mold cylinders 2 corresponding to the 0° and 90° bedding joints 4 are placed on the base 1 in a vertical and horizontal position respectively, and the bottom of the mold cylinder 2 corresponding to the bedding joint 4 between 0° and 90° is connected to the base 1 through an angle adjustment frame; the support plate 3 at the bottom of the mold cylinder 2 corresponding to the bedding joint 4 between 0° and 90° is connected to a demolding mechanism for removing the specimen from the mold cylinder 2.

[0036] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 5As shown, the mold cylinder 2 is assembled from multiple sleeve pieces 5. The joint between two adjacent sleeve pieces 5 corresponds to the stratification joint 4 of the specimen. The sleeve pieces 5 assembling the mold cylinder 2 are connected and fixed by steel needles 16 parallel to the generatrix of the mold cylinder 2. The sleeve pieces 5 are provided with corresponding steel needle holes 15 that cooperate with the steel needles 16. The length of the steel needles 16 is greater than the height of the steel needle holes 15 inside the mold cylinder 2. The open end of the mold cylinder 2 corresponding to the 90° stratification joint 4 is provided with a baffle 6 to prevent mortar from flowing out, thus preventing grout from flowing out from both sides of the mold cylinder during the pouring process. The mold cylinder assembled from multiple sleeve pieces is fixed and formed by steel needles, and each mold cylinder has multiple stratification joints at a certain angle.

[0037] In specific design, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3, 4, and 5, the two mold cylinders 2 corresponding to the 0° and 90° bedding joints 4 are a vertical mold cylinder 21 and a horizontal mold cylinder 22, respectively. The mold cylinders 2 corresponding to the 0° to 90° bedding joints 4 are a 30° mold cylinder 23, a 45° mold cylinder, a 60° mold cylinder, and a 75° mold cylinder, respectively. The exterior of each of the 30°, 45°, 60°, and 75° mold cylinders is radially provided with multiple upright fixing plates 7, the lower ends of which are fixed to the support plate 3. Then, the fixing plates are used to fix the 30° mold cylinder 23, 45° mold cylinder, 60° mold cylinder, and 75° mold cylinder to the support plate, respectively, to prevent the mold cylinders from shifting during the mortar pouring process.

[0038] In the specific production process, such as Figure 2 As shown, the side walls of the vertical mold cylinder 21, the 30° mold cylinder, the 45° mold cylinder, the 60° mold cylinder, and the 75° mold cylinder are all connected and fixed by two steel pins, while the two ends of the side wall of the horizontal mold cylinder 22 are respectively connected and fixed by four steel pins. This structure ensures the firmness of the mold cylinder connection.

[0039] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 4As shown, the angle adjustment frame includes a support rod 8 and fasteners at its ends. The lower part of the support rod 8 has a bend 80, with bends corresponding to the 30°, 45°, 60°, and 75° mold cylinders at angles of 150°, 135°, 120°, and 105°, respectively. One end of the support rod 8 is rotatably connected to the edge of the base 1, and the other end of the support rod 8 can pass through the mounting hole on the support plate 3 and be connected to the fastener 9. The other end of the support plate 3 is rotatably connected to the edge of the base 1 via a rotating assembly 10. During manufacturing, a groove 17 for installing the hinge shaft is tested on the edge of the base 1, and a mounting hole for cooperating with the hinge shaft is machined at the lower end of the support rod; simultaneously, a notch for cooperating with the end of the support rod 8 is machined on the free end edge of the support plate 3. Among them, the fastener 9 consists of two nuts, which are respectively set on the upper and lower sides of the support plate 3. After the angle of the support plate 3 is adjusted to the correct position, the support plate 3 is fixed on the support rod 8 with the help of the two nuts, so as to facilitate the injection of cement mortar and isolation material into the mold cylinder to make rock specimens with different strata.

[0040] As a preferred structure, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figure 7, the rotating assembly 10 includes a fixed cylinder 19 and a rotating shaft 18. The fixed cylinder 19 is fixed to the edge of the base 1, and the rotating shaft 18 is inserted into the fixed cylinder 19 and fixed to the edge of the upper support plate 3. When preparing specimens with 30°, 45°, 60° and 75° layered joints, the free end of the support plate 3 is lifted to a certain height by the support rod 8, so that the included angle between the support plate 3 and the base 1 is adjusted to 30°, 45°, 60° and 75° respectively. Then, cement mortar and isolation material are poured layer by layer to complete the preparation of each specimen.

[0041] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 6As shown, the demolding mechanism includes an impact plate 11, a central rod 12, and boundary rods 13. The impact plate 11 is located below the support plate 3 and is connected to the support plate 3 via the central rod 12 and boundary rods 13. The upper end of the central rod 12 is fixed to the bottom of the support plate 3 and coincides with the central axis of the mold cylinder 2. The lower end of the central rod 12 passes through the impact plate 11. There are multiple boundary rods 13, which are radially arranged around the central rod 12. The distance between the boundary rods 13 and the central rod 12 is between the inner and outer radii of the mold cylinder 2. Both the central rod 12 and the boundary rods 13 are screw rods with nuts. The nuts of the central rod 12 and the boundary rods 13 are tightly attached to the lower surface of the impact plate 11. The upper end of the boundary rod 13 passes through the support plate 3 and abuts against the lower end of the side wall of the mold cylinder 2. The lower end of the boundary rod 13 is also provided with a locking nut 14 that mates with the upper surface of the impact plate 11. After the specimen inside the mold cylinder solidifies, remove the steel needle, strike the impact plate with a hammer, and the central rod applies force to the mold cylinder, causing it to detach from the support plate. Remove the sleeve plate to obtain a cylindrical rock specimen containing bedding. Vertical mold cylinder 21 and horizontal mold cylinder 22 with bedding angles of 0° and 90° can be easily removed by hand.

[0042] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, taking a mold cylinder with a layering angle of 30 degrees as an example, after the support plate 3 is supported and fixed by the support rod 8, the angle between the support plate 3 and the horizontal plane is 30°. The same applies to other mold cylinders, facilitating the injection of material slurry. The mold cylinder 2 has a diameter of 50 mm and a wall thickness of 5 mm, meaning the sleeve pieces 5 are 5 mm thick. Multiple sleeve pieces 5 are combined to form the mold cylinder 2. After assembly, the sleeve pieces 5 form multiple layering seams 4 at certain angles. Figure 5 The lamellae 4 angles of each mold cylinder are 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75° and 90° respectively, and the corresponding number of lamellae 4 on the mold cylinder 2 are 3, 3, 2, 2, 2 and 2 respectively.

[0043] The present invention also provides a method for using a device for creating a model of rock bedding at a certain angle, comprising the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: Prepare a certain amount of cement mortar according to the proportion, which can be prepared according to the actual rock composition; prepare a certain amount of lime milk or other isolation materials, and different isolation materials with different compositions can be set in different layers according to the actual situation.

[0045] Step 2: Construct the above-mentioned model device for creating rock bedding at a certain angle;

[0046] (1) Multiple sleeve pieces 5 are assembled into mold cylinder 2, and steel needles 16 are used to fix each sleeve piece into mold cylinder 2 for forming;

[0047] (2) Apply oil to the contact surface between the fixing plate 7 and the mold cylinder 2 to form an oil layer on the mating surface between the fixing plate 7 and the mold cylinder 2, so as to facilitate disassembly later;

[0048] (3) Use the angle adjustment frame to support the tray 3 and the mold cylinder 2 so that the tilt angle of the tray 3 is consistent with the upper layer angle of the specimen;

[0049] Step 3: First, inject cement mortar into the mold cylinder 2 up to the first stratification joint 4 to form a stratification surface at a certain angle, and then lay a thin layer of release material (lime slurry or other materials). Repeat this method until the entire mold cylinder is filled.

[0050] Step 4: Remove the support rod 8 and restore the mold cylinder 2 and the support plate 3 to a horizontal state.

[0051] Step 5: Let the prepared specimen in mold cylinder 2 stand for a period of time, usually about two days, until it solidifies and dries.

[0052] Step 6: Remove the steel needle, strike the impact plate 11 at the bottom of the support plate 3 with a hammer, and the central rod 12 will apply force to the mold cylinder 2, causing the mold cylinder 2 to detach from the support plate 3. Remove the mold cylinder and remove the sleeve plate 5 to obtain a cylindrical rock specimen containing stratification. After removing the steel needle, the sleeve plate of the vertical mold cylinder 21 and the horizontal mold cylinder 22 can be removed, and the specimen can be taken out directly.

[0053] In summary, this invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient assembly and disassembly, and recyclability. Multiple assembled mold cylinders can be tilted at an angle consistent with the stratification seams using support rods. Then, mortar is injected layer by layer, and different isolation materials of different compositions are layered at different stratification seam locations according to actual conditions, producing cylindrical rock model specimens with different stratification angles in a single process. The appropriate cylindrical specimens are prepared based on the actual rock composition. This invention can strictly control the inclination angle of the generated stratification surfaces through the stratification seams on the mold cylinders. After the mold cylinders are filled with grout and solidify, the support rods are removed, allowing the support plate and mold cylinders to return to a horizontal position. After the filling material has fully solidified, the mold cylinders are detached from the specimens by striking the impact plate, and the steel needles can be removed to disassemble the mold cylinders. This invention is easy to assemble and disassemble, robust and durable, and can be reused after disassembly and cleaning, reducing testing costs.

[0054] Many specific details have been set forth in the foregoing description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed above.

Claims

1. A device for creating a model of rock bedding at a certain angle, characterized in that: The device includes a base and several cylindrical mold cylinders. The bottom of each mold cylinder is equipped with a support plate connected to the base. The side walls of each mold cylinder have joints corresponding to the lamination seams on the specimen. The mold cylinders can be filled with cement mortar for specimen preparation. Two mold cylinders corresponding to 0° and 90° lamination seams are placed vertically and horizontally on the base, respectively. The bottom of the mold cylinder corresponding to the lamination seams between 0° and 90° is connected to the base via an angle adjustment bracket. The bottom support plate of the mold cylinder corresponding to the lamination seams between 0° and 90° is connected to a demolding mechanism for removing the specimen from the mold cylinder. The mold cylinder is assembled from multiple sleeve pieces. The joint between two adjacent sleeve pieces corresponds to the stratification joint of the specimen. The sleeve pieces assembling the mold cylinder are connected and fixed by steel needles parallel to the generatrix of the mold cylinder. The sleeve pieces are provided with corresponding steel needle holes that mate with the steel needles. The length of the steel needles is greater than the height of the steel needle holes inside the mold cylinder. The open end of the mold cylinder corresponding to the 90° stratification joint is provided with a baffle to prevent mortar from flowing out. The two mold cylinders corresponding to the 0° and 90° bedding joints are a vertical mold cylinder and a horizontal mold cylinder, respectively; the mold cylinders corresponding to the 0° to 90° bedding joints are a 30° mold cylinder, a 45° mold cylinder, a 60° mold cylinder, and a 75° mold cylinder, respectively. The exterior of the 30° mold cylinder, the 45° mold cylinder, the 60° mold cylinder, and the 75° mold cylinder are all provided with multiple upright fixing plates, and the lower end of the fixing plates is fixed to the support plate. The angle adjustment frame includes a support rod and fasteners at its ends. The lower part of the support rod has a bend, with bend angles of 150°, 135°, 120°, and 105° corresponding to the 30°, 45°, 60°, and 75° mold cylinders, respectively. One end of the support rod is rotatably connected to the edge of the base, and the other end of the support rod can pass through the mounting hole on the support plate and be connected to the fasteners. The other end of the support plate is rotatably connected to the edge of the base. The method of using the above-mentioned model device includes the following steps: Step 1: Prepare cement mortar that matches the actual rock composition and prepare the isolation material; Step 2: Construct a model device for creating rock bedding at a specific angle; (1) Assemble the mold cylinder with multiple sleeve pieces and fix the mold cylinder with steel needles; (2) Apply oil to the contact surface between the fixing plate and the mold cylinder; (3) For the mold cylinder corresponding to the 0°-90° lamellae joint, use the angle adjustment frame to support the support plate and the mold cylinder so that the tilt angle of the support plate is consistent with the lamellae angle on the specimen; for the vertical mold cylinder and horizontal mold cylinder corresponding to the 0° and 90° lamellae joint, place them on the base in vertical and horizontal positions respectively. Step 3: First, inject cement mortar into the mold cylinder up to the first stratification joint to form a stratification surface at a certain angle, and then lay a thin layer of release material; repeat this method until the entire mold cylinder is filled. Step 4: Remove the support rod and restore the mold cylinder and support plate to a horizontal position; Step 5: Let the prepared specimen in the mold cylinder stand for a period of time until it solidifies and dries; Step 6: Remove the steel needle, strike the demolding mechanism at the bottom of the support plate with a hammer to detach the mold cylinder from the support plate, remove the mold cylinder, and remove the sleeve plate to obtain a cylindrical rock specimen containing bedding; for mold cylinders corresponding to 0° and 90° bedding joints, the specimen can be directly removed.

2. The device for creating a model of rock bedding at a certain angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side walls of the vertical mold cylinder, the 30° mold cylinder, the 45° mold cylinder, the 60° mold cylinder, and the 75° mold cylinder are all connected and fixed by two steel pins, and the two ends of the side wall of the horizontal mold cylinder are respectively connected and fixed by four steel pins.

3. The device for creating a model of rock bedding at a certain angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fastener consists of two nuts, which are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the support plate.

4. The device for creating a model of rock bedding at a certain angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The demolding mechanism includes an impact plate, a central rod, and boundary rods. The impact plate is located below the support plate and is connected to the support plate via the central rod and boundary rods. The upper end of the central rod is fixed to the bottom of the support plate and coincides with the central axis of the mold cylinder, while the lower end of the central rod passes through the impact plate. There are multiple boundary rods, which are radially arranged around the central rod. The distance between the boundary rods and the central rod is between the inner and outer radii of the mold cylinder.

5. The device for creating a model of rock bedding at a certain angle according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both the center rod and the boundary rod are threaded rods with nuts. The nuts of the center rod and the boundary rod are tightly attached to the lower surface of the impact plate. The upper end of the boundary rod passes through the support plate and abuts against the lower end of the side wall of the mold cylinder. The lower end of the boundary rod is also provided with a locking nut that mates with the upper surface of the impact plate.

6. The device for creating a model of rock bedding at a certain angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: An oil layer is provided on the mating surface between the fixing plate and the mold cylinder.

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