A dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material, a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application provides a kind of dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material and its preparation method and application.The polyester fiber cluster body and dispersed black are used as raw materials to prepare the solar evaporation material.The polyester fiber cluster body has multiple vertical pores, which can quickly transport water from the bottom to the evaporation surface through capillary action.The polyester fiber has hydrophobic characteristics, which can effectively prevent salt deposition on its surface, achieving high salt tolerance.The polyester fiber cluster body dyed by commercial dispersed black improves the light absorption capacity of the three-dimensional solar evaporator and the light-heat conversion capacity of the material.The solar evaporation material of the application makes the salt crystallize at the bottom by evaporating the moisture in the distillation tank, obtaining solid salt, achieving zero liquid discharge, and using industrial dyeing process to make the evaporation material, which is efficient, low in cost, can be mass-produced, and is a promising solution to solve the global freshwater shortage problem.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of interfacial evaporation materials, in particular to a dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Since the first proposal of interfacial solar evaporation in 2014, it has attracted extensive attention. In recent years, through systematic design and interfacial engineering, the evaporation efficiency of interfacial solar evaporation has approached 100%. However, due to the limitation of two-dimensional evaporation surface, the evaporation rate of such evaporator under 1 sun irradiation has been less than 1.60 kg m -2 h -1 (thermodynamic evaporation limit). In recent years, many new design schemes have been proposed to obtain higher evaporation rate. Unlike two-dimensional evaporation surface which only obtains energy from sunlight, three-dimensional evaporator can also obtain additional energy from air and water to promote evaporation. In recent years, many three-dimensional solar evaporation devices such as spiral structure, spring structure and matrix structure have been reported, and their evaporation efficiency is much higher than that of two-dimensional evaporation surface. Therefore, designing three-dimensional evaporator to achieve high evaporation efficiency is an effective method.

[0003] Although three-dimensional interfacial solar evaporation material has great potential in the field of seawater desalination due to its high evaporation efficiency. However, in the process of water-salt separation based on interfacial photo-thermal evaporation, the salt concentration reaches saturation, and the device is seriously scaled. This will block the absorption of sunlight, hinder the sufficient supply of water, and make the photo-thermal conversion efficiency decay rapidly, and even cause the failure of the device. At present, the main methods to solve the problem of scaling of photo-thermal conversion material are as follows: 1. Designing flexible photo-thermal conversion material, removing the deposited salt by cleaning, and updating the photo-thermal conversion performance of the material. However, this method needs to be cleaned repeatedly at regular intervals, which is inconvenient for practical application; 2. Designing Janus structure photo-thermal conversion material, i.e. the bottom of the material is a hydrophilic layer to ensure sufficient water supply, and the top is a hydrophobic layer to prevent salt deposition, to realize stable evaporation efficiency in the process of seawater desalination. The process of designing Janus photo-thermal conversion material is complex and the cost is high, which is not suitable for wide use. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material and a preparation method and application thereof to solve the defects in the prior art.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a preparation method of a dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Disperse black, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate are added to water to obtain a mixed solution;

[0007] adjusting pH of the mixed solution to 1-6;

[0008] immersing the polyester fiber cluster into the mixed solution with adjusted pH, and reacting to obtain the Disperse Black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material;

[0009] The polyester fiber cluster has a plurality of vertical pores inside.

[0010] Preferably, in the preparation method of the Disperse Black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material, the pore size of the vertical pores is 10-200 microns.

[0011] Preferably, in the preparation method of the Disperse Black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material, the polyester fiber cluster is immersed into the mixed solution with adjusted pH, and reacted at 110-180℃ for 20-100 min to obtain the Disperse Black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material.

[0012] Preferably, in the preparation method of the Disperse Black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material, the concentration of Disperse Black in the mixed solution is 0.1-2 g / L.

[0013] Preferably, in the preparation method of the Disperse Black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material, the concentration of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate in the mixed solution is 0.2-1 g / L.

[0014] Preferably, in the preparation method of the Disperse Black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material, the pH of the mixed solution is adjusted to 1-6 by using acetic acid.

[0015] In the second aspect, the application further provides a Disperse Black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material prepared by using the preparation method.

[0016] In the third aspect, the application further provides the Disperse Black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material prepared by using the preparation method or the application of the Disperse Black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material in preparing a solar evaporator.

[0017] In the fourth aspect, the application further provides a solar evaporator, which comprises:

[0018] a base;

[0019] at least one Disperse Black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material prepared by using the preparation method or the Disperse Black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material;

[0020] The Disperse Black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material is fixed on the base.

[0021] In the fifth aspect, the application further provides application of the dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material or the solar evaporator in desalination of seawater.

[0022] The dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material, the preparation method and the application thereof, and the solar evaporator have the following advantages over the prior art:

[0023] 1. The dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material is prepared by using a polyester fiber cluster and dispersed black as raw materials; specifically, the polyester fiber cluster has multiple vertical pores, and a commercial dispersed black dye is used to dye the surface of the polyester fiber cluster to improve the light absorption performance of the material and the light-heat conversion capacity of the material on the basis of industrial dyeing technology; the polyester fiber cluster has the following advantages: the multiple vertical pores can quickly transport water from the bottom to the evaporation surface through capillary action; the polyester fiber has a hydrophobic property, which can effectively prevent salt from depositing on the surface of the polyester fiber, so that the polyester fiber has high salt resistance (can resist 20wt% NaCl solution); the polyester fiber cluster dyed with the commercial dispersed black improves the light absorption capacity of the three-dimensional solar evaporator and the light-heat conversion capacity of the material; the dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material has high salt resistance, and the water in the distillation tank is evaporated to make the salt crystallize at the bottom to obtain solid salt, so that zero liquid discharge is realized; the three-dimensional solar evaporation material is made by using an industrial dyeing process, has high efficiency and low cost, can be mass-produced, and is a promising solution to the global freshwater shortage problem.

[0024] 2. The solar evaporator comprises a substrate and multiple dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation materials fixed on the substrate; the solar evaporator can absorb energy from the environment, has a purification efficiency of 3.28kg m –2 h –1 for underground water, an efficiency of 2.60kg m –2 h –1 for desalination of 20wt% NaCl solution (i.e., high-salinity seawater), and can obtain solid salt at the bottom of the evaporation device to realize zero liquid discharge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.

[0026] Figure 1 Scanning electron microscope image of the polyester fiber bundle used in Example 1;

[0027] Figure 2 Scanning electron microscope image of the Disperse Black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material prepared in Example 1;

[0028] Figure 3 Macroscopic photographs of the mixed solution containing different amounts of Disperse Black in Example 2, the mixed solution after dyeing by soaking with the polyester fiber bundle, and the final Disperse Black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material;

[0029] Figure 4 Evaporation rate graph of the solar evaporator in Example 1 for desalination of different concentrations of salt water and printing and dyeing wastewater;

[0030] Figure 5 Device diagram and bottom salt crystallization diagram of the solar evaporator in Example 1 for desalination of 20 wt% salt water;

[0031] Figure 6 Evaporation rate graph of the solar evaporator in Example 1 for desalination of groundwater (fresh water). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in combination with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0033] It should be noted that the sequence of the following embodiments is not limited as the preferred sequence of the embodiments. In addition, in the description of the present application, the term "comprising" means "including but not limited to". Various embodiments of the present application can exist in the form of a range; it should be understood that the description in the form of a range is only for the convenience and brevity, and should not be understood as a hard limitation on the scope of the present application; therefore, it should be considered that the described range has been specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and single values in the range. For example, it should be considered that the range description from 1 to 6 has specifically disclosed sub-ranges, such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., as well as single numbers in the range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, regardless of the range. In addition, whenever a numerical range is indicated in this text, it means that any cited number (fraction or integer) in the indicated range is included.

[0034] The embodiment of the present application provides a preparation method of a Disperse Black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material, which comprises the following steps:

[0035] S1, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and disperse black are added into water to obtain a mixed solution;

[0036] S2, the pH of the mixed solution is adjusted to 1-6;

[0037] S3, the polyester fiber bundle is soaked in the mixed solution after adjusting the pH, and after reaction, a disperse black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material is obtained;

[0038] The polyester fiber bundle has a plurality of vertical pores inside.

[0039] It should be noted that the preparation method of the disperse black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material of the present application uses polyester fiber bundle and disperse black as raw materials to prepare the solar evaporation material; specifically, the polyester fiber bundle is a polyester fiber bundle with a plurality of vertical pores (specifically, a vertical water guide channel composed of a plurality of parallel polyester fibers) inside; on the basis of industrial dyeing technology, commercial disperse black dye is used to dye the surface of the polyester fiber bundle to improve the light absorption performance of the material and improve the light-heat conversion capability of the material; the present application has the following advantages: (1) the polyester fiber bundle has a plurality of vertical pores, which can quickly transport water from the bottom to the evaporation surface through capillary action; (2) polyester fiber has hydrophobic properties, which can effectively prevent salt deposition on its surface, so as to achieve high salt tolerance (can resist 20wt% NaCl solution); (3) the polyester fiber bundle dyed with commercial disperse black improves the light absorption capacity of the three-dimensional solar evaporator and improves the light-heat conversion capability of the material; (4) the disperse black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material of the present application has high salt tolerance, and by evaporating the water in the distillation tank, the salt is crystallized at the bottom to obtain solid salt, realizing zero liquid discharge; the three-dimensional solar evaporation material is made by industrial dyeing process, has high efficiency and low cost, can realize large-scale production, and is a promising solution to solve the global freshwater shortage problem.

[0040] Specifically, the polyester fiber bundle of the present application is a fiber bundle made of polyester fiber, which has abundant capillary effect due to its internal structure similar to plant xylem vessel structure, and can efficiently transport water from the bottom to the evaporation surface through capillary action; the polyester fiber bundle has a plurality of vertical capillary pores inside; polyester fiber (POLYESTER FIBERS), commonly known as "polyester", is a synthetic fiber obtained by spinning polyester obtained by polycondensation of organic diacid and diol, which is simply referred to as PET fiber and belongs to high molecular compound; due to the hydrophobic property of polyester fiber, salt deposition on its surface can be effectively prevented, so high salt tolerance is achieved.

[0041] Specifically, the polyester fiber bundle of the present application is prepared by a conventional method, specifically, comprising the following steps:

[0042] Prepare polyester fiber raw materials, usually using polyester particles or polyester chips as raw materials;

[0043] Melt: add polyester raw materials to the feeding section of the spinneret (also known as the spinning machine), melt the polyester raw materials into a liquid state by heating in the heating and melting area;

[0044] Spinning: there are many tiny holes on the spinneret's orifice plate, called orifices; through the pressure and flow control of the spinneret, the molten polyester liquid is ejected through these orifices; due to the small size of the orifices, the polyester liquid will quickly cool and solidify into fibers.

[0045] Binder coating: use a spraying method to evenly coat the polyester fibers obtained by spinning with a binder, ensuring that the binder covers the surface of the fibers and that the fibers have good contact with each other.

[0046] Twisting or bundling: twist or bundle the polyester fibers through mechanical equipment;

[0047] Compaction and solidification: compact the polyester fiber bundle after binder coating and twisting to make the contact between the fibers more intimate; a press, a roller press, or other suitable equipment can be used for compaction.

[0048] Solidification treatment: according to the characteristics of the binder, take appropriate solidification treatment methods. For example, for hot melt adhesive, it can be melted and bonded to the fibers by heating; for chemical adhesives, chemical reactions can be carried out to solidify them.

[0049] Cutting and shaping: finally, according to the needs, cut and shape the polyester fiber bundle to obtain the required shape and size.

[0050] The polyester fiber bundle of the present application is a commercially available conventional polyester fiber bundle, and the present application does not improve the polyester fiber bundle. For example, the water-absorbing sponge (humidifier water-absorbing cotton, material is fiber) produced by Dongguan Jiyuan Sponge Products Co., Ltd. with model number 939 can be used; the fiber cotton swab (water-absorbing cotton swab, product number GS-30) produced by Dongguan Huangjiang Gaosheng New Material Factory can also be used; the water-absorbing cotton swab produced by Shenzhen Guangming District Jinhong Foam Factory can also be used; the polyester fiber water-absorbing cotton swab produced by Dongguan Gongchuang Foam Product Co., Ltd. with product number GC-18 can also be used, which can be purchased online.

[0051] The height of the polyester fiber bundle used in the present application is 10 centimeters, and the diameter is 8 millimeters. The weight of each polyester fiber bundle is about 0.8 grams.

[0052] The dispersing black used in the present application is a commercially available dispersing black, specifically 519 dispersing black MGR, brand: AlkaDye.

[0053] In some embodiments, the pore size of the plurality of vertical pores in the polyester fiber bundle is 10-200 microns.

[0054] In some embodiments, the polyester fiber bundle is immersed in the mixed solution with adjusted pH, reacted at 110-180°C for 20-100 min, to obtain the dispersing black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material.

[0055] In some embodiments, the concentration of the dispersing black in the mixed solution is 0.1-2 g / L.

[0056] In some embodiments, the concentration of the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate in the mixed solution is 0.2-1 g / L.

[0057] In some embodiments, the pH of the mixed solution is adjusted to 1-6 using acetic acid.

[0058] In some embodiments, 0.8 g of dispersing black and 0.8 g of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate are added to 300-500 mL of water to obtain the mixed solution.

[0059] In some embodiments, the polyester fiber bundle is immersed in the mixed solution with adjusted pH, reacted at 110-180°C for 20-100 min, and ultrasonically cleaned, to convert the dyed polyester fiber bundle into a black dispersing black-polyester fiber bundle three-dimensional solar evaporation material.

[0060] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a dispersing black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material prepared by the above preparation method.

[0061] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides the use of the dispersing black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material prepared by the above preparation method or the dispersing black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material in the preparation of a solar evaporator.

[0062] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a solar evaporator, comprising:

[0063] a substrate;

[0064] at least one dispersing black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material prepared by the above preparation method or the dispersing black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material;

[0065] The above dispersing black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material is fixed on the substrate.

[0066] In some embodiments, the substrate is a foam substrate.

[0067] In some embodiments, the dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material penetrates through the substrate and is fixed thereto, and the height of the dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material above the substrate is 4-10 cm, preferably 6 cm; by the height of the dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material, more ambient energy can be obtained, and thus a higher evaporation rate can be obtained. The solar evaporation device of the present application can absorb energy from the environment, and the efficiency of purifying groundwater is 3.28 kg m –2 h –1 , and the efficiency of desalinating a 20wt% NaCl solution (i.e. high-salinity seawater) is 2.60 kg m –2 h –1 .

[0068] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a use of the above-mentioned dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material or the above-mentioned solar evaporation device in desalinating seawater.

[0069] The dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material, the preparation method and the application thereof of the present application are further illustrated in the following specific embodiments. This part further illustrates the content of the present application in combination with specific embodiments, but should not be understood as a limitation of the present application. If not specifically stated, the technical means adopted in the embodiments are conventional means familiar to those skilled in the art. Unless specifically stated, the reagents, methods and equipment adopted in the present application are conventional reagents, methods and equipment in the art.

[0070] Embodiment 1

[0071] The present application embodiment provides a preparation method of a dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material, comprising the following steps:

[0072] S1, 0.8 g of dispersed black and 0.8 g of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate are added to 350 mL of water to obtain a mixed solution;

[0073] S2, the pH of the mixed solution in S1 is adjusted to 3 using acetic acid;

[0074] S3, 10 polyester fiber bundles are soaked in the mixed solution with adjusted pH in S2, reacted at 150°C for 60 min, and ultrasonically cleaned to obtain a dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material;

[0075] wherein the polyester fiber bundle is a commercially available polyester fiber bundle, the polyester fiber bundle has a plurality of capillary channels inside, the height of a single polyester fiber bundle is 10 cm, the diameter of a single polyester fiber bundle is 8 mm, and the weight of a single polyester fiber bundle is 0.8 g.

[0076] The present application embodiment also provides a solar evaporation device, comprising:

[0077] It includes a foam substrate and a plurality of dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation materials prepared in embodiment 1 fixed on the foam substrate, specifically, the dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation materials pass through the foam substrate and are fixed therewith, and the height of the dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation materials above the foam substrate is 6 cm.

[0078] Embodiment 2

[0079] The embodiment of the present application provides a preparation method of a dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material, comprising the following steps:

[0080] S1, adding dispersed black (mass is 0.1 g, 0.2 g, 0.3 g, 0.4 g, 0.5 g, 0.6 g respectively), 0.8 g of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate into 350 mL of water to obtain a mixed solution;

[0081] S2, adjusting the pH of the mixed solution in S1 to 3 by using acetic acid;

[0082] S3, soaking 10 polyester fiber bundle bodies into the mixed solution with adjusted pH in S2, reacting at 150 DEG C for 60 min, and ultrasonic cleaning to obtain a dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material;

[0083] The polyester fiber bundle body is a commercially available polyester fiber bundle body, the polyester fiber bundle body has a plurality of capillary channels inside, the height of a single polyester fiber bundle body is 10 centimeters, the diameter is 8 millimeters, and the weight of a single polyester fiber bundle body is 0.8 grams.

[0084] The embodiment of the present application further provides a solar evaporation device, comprising:

[0085] It includes a foam substrate and a plurality of dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation materials prepared in embodiment 2 fixed on the foam substrate, specifically, the dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation materials pass through the foam substrate and are fixed therewith, and the height of the dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation materials above the foam substrate is 6 cm.

[0086] Performance test

[0087] Figure 1 It is a scanning electron microscope image of the polyester fiber bundle body used in embodiment 1; Figure 1 In (a), it is a photo of a white polyester fiber bundle body; (b) is a top view and side view of the polyester fiber bundle body; (c) is a top view of the polyester fiber bundle body; (d) is a side view of the polyester fiber bundle body.

[0088] Specifically, from Figure 1In (c), it can be observed that the top of the polyester fiber bundle presents a plurality of vertical through channels with a pore size ranging from 10-200 μm. From Figure 1 In (d), it can be clearly seen that there are vertical through channels inside the polyester fiber bundle, and the channel diameter is consistent with Figure 1 The scanning electron microscope image of the top of the fiber bundle shown in (c) is consistent, ranging from 10-200 μm. The vertical through channels possessed by the polyester fiber bundle can produce a strong capillary effect, thereby facilitating the conduction of moisture and preventing the deposition of salt on the fiber surface, achieving high-salt water resistance and stable evaporation performance.

[0089] Figure 2 The scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the dispersion black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material prepared in Example 1; specifically, Figure 2 In (a), it is a photo of the dispersion black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material; (b) is a top view of the dispersion black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material; (c) is an enlarged view of the top of the dispersion black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material; (d) is a side view of the dispersion black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material; (e) is an enlarged view of the side of the dispersion black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material.

[0090] The preparation principle of the dispersion black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material of the present application is that under high temperature (150℃) conditions, the macromolecular chains of polyester fibers will be unfolded, so that small molecule dispersion black is filled into the unfolded chains; when the temperature drops, the dispersion black is completely wrapped inside the polyester fiber; usually, dispersion dye penetrates into the fiber interior more easily at high temperature to improve the dyeing effect; once the dispersion dye enters the fiber interior, it will diffuse into the fiber interior by diffusion and finally be adsorbed and fixed by the fiber; in short, the small molecule dispersion black is engulfed by the polyester fiber, therefore, the dispersion black loaded on the polyester fiber cannot be observed by SEM.

[0091] Figure 3 The macroscopic photos of the mixed solution containing different masses of dispersion black in Example 2, and the mixed solution after immersion dyeing with the polyester fiber bundle and the final dispersion black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material; wherein 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 respectively represent the mass of dispersion black as 0.1g, 0.2g, 0.3g, 0.4g, 0.5g, 0.6g;

[0092] Figure 3 In (a), it is the color change of the mixed solution before and after immersion dyeing with the polyester fiber bundle;

[0093] Figure 3Figure 2 is a macroscopic photo of the finally prepared dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material obtained by soaking dyeing the polyester fiber bundle.

[0094] From Figure 3 It can be seen from the figure that as the mass of dispersed black in the mixed solution increases, the color of the sample gradually deepens, which helps the material to absorb more sunlight and convert it into heat energy, thereby improving the evaporation performance of the material.

[0095] Figure 4 The evaporation rates of different concentrations of salt water (simulated seawater) and dyeing wastewater in the solar evaporator of Example 1 were tested; Figure 4 In the figure, 3.5% salt solution, 10% salt solution and 20% salt solution respectively represent simulated seawater with a mass concentration of 3.5%, 10% and 20%, and dyeing wastewater represents dyeing wastewater. Specifically, the preparation method of 3.5% simulated seawater is to dissolve NaCl (13.37 g), KCl (0.36 g), MgCl2 (3.19 g) and CaCl2 (0.58 g) in 500 ml of deionized water; the preparation method of 10% simulated seawater is to dissolve NaCl (38.24 g), KCl (1.03 g), MgCl2 (9.12 g) and CaCl2 (1.66 g) in 500 ml of deionized water; and the preparation method of 20% simulated seawater is to dissolve NaCl (76.34 g), KCl (2.06 g), MgCl2 (18.21 g) and CaCl2 (3.31 g) in 500 ml of deionized water.

[0096] The specific test method of the evaporation rate is to place the solar evaporator in Example 1 in simulated seawater or dyeing wastewater with different concentrations, and the solar evaporator absorbs heat to cause the simulated seawater or dyeing wastewater to evaporate, and the evaporation rate is tested, and the calculation formula is: v = dm / (S·dt);

[0097] Wherein, v is the evaporation rate, m is the change in mass of the simulated seawater before and after evaporation, S is the illumination area at the top of the dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material, and t is the illumination time.

[0098] Specifically, Figure 4 The change in mass of the simulated seawater and dyeing wastewater with illumination time is shown, and from Figure 4 It can be seen from the figure that the solar evaporator has a high evaporation effect on the simulated seawater and dyeing wastewater.

[0099] From Figure 4As can be seen, the average rate of desalination of simulated seawater with a mass concentration of 3.5% by the solar evaporator of the present invention over eight hours is 3.22 kg / m² / hour; the average rate of desalination of simulated seawater with a mass concentration of 10% by the solar evaporator of the present invention over eight hours is 3.00 kg / m² / hour; the average rate of desalination of simulated seawater with a mass concentration of 20% by the solar evaporator of the present invention over eight hours is 2.60 kg / m² / hour; and the average rate of desalination of dyeing and printing wastewater by the solar evaporator of the present invention over eight hours is 3.13 kg / m² / hour.

[0100] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the apparatus and salt crystallization recovery for the dispersed black-polyester fiber bundled solar evaporator used in Example 1 to desalinate 20wt% brine (i.e., simulated seawater with a mass concentration of 20%). Specifically, Figure 5 (a) is a diagram of a solar evaporator device for desalinating 20 wt% brine; Figure 5 (b) shows the salt crystallization recovery at the bottom of the evaporator after 10 days of continuous desalination.

[0101] The solar evaporator in Example 1 was placed in groundwater (fresh water) to test its evaporation rate, and the results are as follows: Figure 6 As shown.

[0102] from Figure 6 As can be seen from the above, the solar evaporator of the present invention evaporates groundwater (freshwater) at a rate of 3.28 kg / m² / hour.

[0103] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: 0.8g of disperse black and 0.8g of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate are added into 300-500mL of water to obtain a mixed solution; the pH of the mixed solution is adjusted to 1-6; The polyester fiber bundle is soaked in the mixed solution with adjusted pH, and after reaction, a disperse black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material is obtained; The polyester fiber bundle has a plurality of vertical pores inside; The pore size of the vertical pores is 10-200 microns; The polyester fiber bundle is soaked in the mixed solution with adjusted pH, and after reaction at 110-180℃ for 20-100min, a disperse black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material is obtained.

2. The preparation method of the dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pH of the mixed solution is adjusted to 1-6 using acetic acid.

3. A dispersed black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material, characterized in that, The disperse black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-2.

4. The use of the disperse black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-2 or the disperse black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material of claim 3 in the preparation of a solar evaporator.

5. A solar evaporator characterized by, The method comprises: a substrate; at least one disperse black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-2 or the disperse black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material of claim 3; The disperse black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material is fixed on the substrate.

6. The use of the disperse black-polyester fiber solar evaporation material of claim 3 or the solar evaporator of claim 5 in desalination of seawater.

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