A silk laser processing method based on fading principle

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for laser processing silk based on the principle of fading. The method comprises: preparing and printing silk fabric; performing vector graphics conversion and layer-by-layer filling on the pattern, and determining laser operating parameters based on the pattern grayscale, the operating parameters including laser energy, scanning speed, filling density, and defocus value corresponding to each layer; and controlling the laser power density and irradiation time based on the operating parameters to laser process the printed and dyed silk fabric, thereby breaking the pigment molecular bonds in a predetermined area of ​​the printed and dyed silk fabric and retaining the original fiber layer. The present invention not only controls the laser beam power density and irradiation time to adjust the degree and range of silk fading, achieving a gradual or localized fading effect, but also avoids the use of chemical dyes or bleaching agents in the printing and dyeing process, reducing pollution to the environment and human body, and improving the safety and comfort of silk.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of laser processing, and more specifically, relates to a silk laser processing method based on the fading principle. Background Art

[0002] Currently, silk fading primarily involves desizing before fading. Desizing is performed before dyeing to pre-treat the surface for subsequent fading. Improper desizing can lead to defects such as color spots and smears after fading. After desizing and fading, the fabric must be rinsed thoroughly. Otherwise, the fabric's pH level will be elevated, leading to a pungent odor and color inaccuracies. These issues can manifest themselves in the following four key ways:

[0003] (1) The affinity of chemical dyes is insufficient, which causes the dyes to fall off or hydrolyze during the subsequent washing process.

[0004] (2) The traditional desizing and coloring fading process will cause oxidation or decomposition of the dye under ultraviolet light, causing the color to fade or turn yellow, which is also the main reason for the obstruction of personalized customization.

[0005] (3) Silk is easily damaged in an alkaline environment, causing the dye to lose stability or react with the alkali, resulting in color changes and deviations in the fading effect.

[0006] (4) The traditional fading process requires plate making first, which is difficult to adapt to the flexible production needs of cultural and creative products. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention addresses the aforementioned problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, a silk laser treatment method based on the principle of fading is needed. By utilizing the photochemical effect of laser light and controlling the laser power density and irradiation time, the dye molecules in specific areas of the pretreated dyed silk fabric are broken, preserving the original fiber layer and resulting in a noticeable fading of the color after treatment.

[0008] This application proposes a silk laser processing method based on the fading principle, the method comprising:

[0009] preparing and dyeing silk fabrics;

[0010] The pattern is converted into a vector diagram and filled in layers, and the operating parameters of the laser are determined according to the grayscale of the pattern. The operating parameters include the laser energy, scanning speed, filling density and defocus amount corresponding to each layer;

[0011] Based on the working parameters, the power density and irradiation time of the laser are controlled to perform laser treatment on the printed and dyed silk fabric, so that the pigment molecular bonds in the set number of layers and set areas of the printed and dyed silk fabric are broken, and the original fiber layer is retained.

[0012] Furthermore, the preparation of printed and dyed silk fabrics specifically includes:

[0013] Pretreatment: degumming, bleaching and fading of silk fabrics;

[0014] Dye selection: Choose natural dyes or synthetic dyes based on product color requirements and usage requirements;

[0015] Dip dyeing: completely immerse the pretreated silk fabric in the bottom color dye solution for 40-45 minutes at a temperature of 60-65°C.

[0016] Printing: Patterns and designs are formed by printing dyes on set areas on silk fabrics, with a printing speed of 15-20m / min, a printing temperature of 100-120℃ and a pressure of 60N / cm2.

[0017] Furthermore, the pattern layered filling process to obtain the vector diagram specifically includes:

[0018] Import the bitmap into Adobe Photoshop, find the color range in the selection command, select the layer with the corresponding grayscale according to the content to be processed, save and export;

[0019] Import the image created in Adobe Photoshop into Adobe Illustrator, find the Image Trace function in the Object Bar and create it. In the Image Trace tab, select Grayscale as the Tracing Mode and Adjacency as the Tracing Method. Convert the pattern into adjacent color blocks of corresponding grayscale and export them in DXF format.

[0020] Import the created DXF format drawing file into AutoCAD and decompose it into independent pattern fills and spline curves;

[0021] After dissolving, use the Quick Selection command, select Spline in Object Type, select the original frame and delete it, retaining the adjacent color blocks of the corresponding grayscale;

[0022] Divide by color: First, create a corresponding rectangular border according to the number of layers to be separated, then use the Quick Select command to select the entire layer, select Pattern Fill as the Object Type, check Greater Than as the Operator, scroll down to Select Color in the Value list, and then select the corresponding pen number according to the energy ladder to be marked;

[0023] Draw a border on the original filled outline;

[0024] Dissolve the pattern with the boundary curve first, then use the Quick Select command to select the pattern fill, delete all the selections, and leave only the pattern boundary;

[0025] Convert the drawn boundary line to a polyline. Select the target and use the pedit command. Select a conversion precision of 1 to 2 to avoid system lag.

[0026] Use the Fill command to fill the outline frame, and the fill type is twill; set the fill origins of the wireframes of different grayscale layers to coincide; select the area to be filled using the Select Object command;

[0027] Using the fill origin as a reference, use the move command to combine the fill patterns of different layers, and export the processed vector image to dxf or plt format.

[0028] Furthermore, the laser power density and irradiation time are controlled based on the working parameters to perform laser treatment on the printed and dyed silk fabric, specifically including:

[0029] Fix the printed and dyed silk fabric on the operating table;

[0030] The laser is placed on one side of the operating table;

[0031] The emission frequency of the laser is locked to 100KHZ; the input voltage is ±15VDC, the average working current is 2A, the analog value of the signal interface is set to ±5V, the peak current is 8A, and the position signal input impedance is 10KΩ±1%;

[0032] The CO2 continuous laser emitted by the laser is amplified by the beam shaping path, then input to the galvanometer through the beam transmission path, and then focused on the silk surface on the operating table after passing through the field lens;

[0033] Based on the working parameters, power density and irradiation time, the movement of the laser beam along the X, Y and Z axes is controlled to complete the fading treatment of the silk surface.

[0034] Furthermore, the laser light passing through the beam transmission path is input to the galvanometer mirror after being collimated and expanded.

[0035] Furthermore, the laser writing speed is 600 cps, the step response time is 210 us, and the step response time is controlled at 710 us, so that the tracking error is ≤138 us.

[0036] Furthermore, the shaping optical path is a beam expanding optical path, the magnification of the beam expanding optical path is based on the maximum and smaller than the diameter of the galvanometer entrance pupil, and the transmission distance of the beam transmission optical path is 1 to 10 m.

[0037] Furthermore, the galvanometer marking speed can reach up to 12000 mm / s, and the positioning speed can reach 23000 mm / s.

[0038] Furthermore, the beam size is an output aperture of 3.6±0.5mm, the beam divergence is <5mrad, and the polarization is greater than 100 to 1.

[0039] Furthermore, the mechanical scanning angle of the galvanometer is less than ±11°.

[0040] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0041] (1) Laser processing can control the power density and irradiation time of the laser beam, thereby adjusting the degree and range of silk fading and increasing the effect of presenting different levels of color depth.

[0042] (2) Laser processing can avoid the use of chemical dyes or bleaching agents in the printing and dyeing process, reduce pollution to the environment and human body, and improve the safety and comfort of silk.

[0043] (3) Laser processing can meet the needs of textile processing with flexible production, typically various promotional cultural and creative products.

[0044] (4) Laser processing can quickly produce various complex patterns on silk. It is easy and flexible to operate and integrates the printing and dyeing process into the fabric production process. There is no need to deploy printing and dyeing equipment or other auxiliary tools in the printing pattern step. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In the drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, the same reference numerals may describe similar components in different views. The same reference numerals with letter suffixes or different letter suffixes may represent different instances of similar components. The accompanying drawings generally illustrate various embodiments by way of example and not limitation, and together with the description and claims, serve to illustrate the embodiments of the invention. Where appropriate, the same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or similar parts. Such embodiments are illustrative and are not intended to be exhaustive or exclusive of the embodiments of the present apparatus or method.

[0046] Figure 1 A flow chart of a silk laser processing method based on the fading principle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0047] Figure 2 A flow chart of preparing printed and dyed silk fabrics according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0048] Figure 3 A flow chart of a pattern layer filling process according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0049] Figure 4 A flowchart of layer-by-layer laser processing of silk according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0050] Figure 5 A diagram showing the fading effect of silk obtained by using a silk laser processing method based on the fading principle according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but are not intended to limit the present invention. For the various steps described herein, if there is no necessity for a contextual relationship between each other, the order in which they are described as examples herein should not be regarded as limiting, and those skilled in the art should know that they can be adjusted in order as long as the logic between them is not destroyed, resulting in the inability to implement the entire process.

[0052] The embodiment of the present invention provides a silk laser treatment method based on the principle of fading. Through the photochemical effect of the laser, the power density and irradiation time of the laser are controlled to break the pigment molecular bonds in specific areas of the pre-treated dyed silk fabric, retaining the original fiber layer. After treatment, the color has obvious signs of fading. Figure 1 The specific steps are as follows:

[0053] Step S100: preparing printed and dyed silk fabrics.

[0054] In this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the preparation steps of printed and dyed silk fabrics are as follows:

[0055] Step S101. Pretreatment: Before dyeing, silk fabrics need to be pretreated to remove impurities and residues and improve dye absorption. This includes degumming, bleaching, and fading.

[0056] Step S102. Dye selection: select natural dyes (such as plant extracts) or synthetic dyes according to product color requirements and usage requirements.

[0057] Step S103. Dyeing: completely immerse the silk fabric in the bottom color dye solution for 40-45 minutes at a dyeing temperature of 60-65°C.

[0058] Step S104: Printing: The desired pattern and design is formed by printing the dye onto specific areas of the silk fabric. The printing process described in this patent has a printing speed of 15-20 m / min, a printing temperature of 100-120°C, and a pressure of 60 N / cm2.

[0059] Step S105. Fixing treatment: Use steam heating to fix the color at a temperature of 110-120°C for 10 minutes.

[0060] Step S106. After the color fixation is completed, a cleaning step is performed:

[0061] 1. Wash with cold water for 5 minutes;

[0062] 2. Wash with warm water at 40-45℃ for 5 minutes;

[0063] 3. Soap washing (standard soap flakes 2 / L, 90-95°C, 10 min);

[0064] 4. Wash with warm water at 40-45℃ for 5 minutes.

[0065] In this embodiment, the operating parameters of the laser are determined based on the vector diagram as shown in Table 1.

[0066] Table 1. Laser operating parameters

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] In this embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the pattern layered filling processing steps are as follows:

[0070] Step S201: Import the bitmap into Adobe Photoshop, find the color range in the selection command, select the corresponding grayscale layer according to the content to be processed, save and export.

[0071] Step S202: Import the image created in Adobe Photoshop into Adobe Illustrator. In the Object Tracing section, find the Image Trace function and create it. In the Image Trace tab, select Grayscale as the Tracing Mode and Contiguous as the Tracing Method. Convert the image into adjacent blocks of corresponding grayscale and export it to DXF format.

[0072] Step S203: Import the dxf format drawing file created in the previous step into AutoCAD and decompose it into independent pattern fills and spline curves.

[0073] Step S204: After disbanding, use the Qselect (Quick Selection) command, select the spline curve in the object type, select the original outer frame and delete it, and retain the adjacent color blocks of the corresponding grayscale.

[0074] Step S205: Divide by color: first create corresponding rectangular borders according to the number of layers to be separated, then use the Qselect command to select the entire layer, select pattern fill as the object type, check greater than as the operator, scroll down to select color in the value list, and then select the corresponding pen number according to the energy ladder to be marked.

[0075] Step S206: Draw a boundary on the original filled outline, select it and enter the HATCHGENERATEBOUNDARY command to confirm.

[0076] Step S207: Dissolve the pattern with the boundary curve first, then use the Qselect (Quick Select) command to select the pattern fill, delete all selections, and only leave the pattern boundary.

[0077] Step S208: Convert the drawn boundary line into a polyline, select the target, and use the pedit command to close the outline frame to be filled. The conversion accuracy here should not be too high, as it will increase the filling calculation load.

[0078] Step S209: Use the HATCH command to fill the outline frame, and the fill type is 45° twill; set the fill origins of the wireframes of different grayscale layers to overlap; select the area to be filled using the Select Object command.

[0079] Step S210: Using the fill origin as a reference, use the move command to combine the fill patterns of different layers to avoid discontinuities in the fill lines at the wireframe. Export the processed vector image to dxf or plt format.

[0080] Finally, in step S300, based on the working parameters, the power density and irradiation time of the laser are controlled to perform laser treatment on the printed and dyed silk fabric, so that the pigment molecular bonds in the set area of ​​the printed and dyed silk fabric are broken and the original fiber layer is retained.

[0081] In this embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the steps of laser processing the printed and dyed silk fabric are as follows:

[0082] Step S301, fixing the silk on the operating table;

[0083] Step S302, placing the laser on one side of the operating table;

[0084] Step S303, lock the transmission frequency to 100KHZ; input voltage ±15VDC, average working current 2A, analog value in the signal interface is set to ±5V, peak current 8A, position signal input impedance 10KΩ±1%;

[0085] Step S304: The CO2 continuous laser emitted by the laser is amplified through a shaping optical path, input to a galvanometer through a beam transmission optical path, and then focused on the silk surface on the operating table after passing through a field lens;

[0086] Step S305, under the control of the software and hardware controller, set the laser parameters and processing parameters, control the movement of the laser beam along the X, Y, and Z axes, and complete the fading treatment of the silk surface.

[0087] In this embodiment, the laser etching equipment used in the layer-by-layer laser processing method for silk has the following characteristics:

[0088] 1) The laser light passing through the beam transmission path is collimated and expanded before being input into the galvanometer.

[0089] 2) The laser input aperture is 10 mm. The galvanometer dimensions (length × width × height) are 114 × 96.5 × 93.7 mm. The mass of the galvanometer itself is 1.95 kg.

[0090] 3) The laser is a low-power CO2 OEM laser.

[0091] 4) The laser writing speed is 600 cps, the step response time (full stroke 1%) is 210 us, and the step response time (full stroke 10%) is controlled at 710 us, so that the tracking error is ≤138 us.

[0092] 5) The shaping optical path is a beam expanding optical path with a magnification of 1-8 times, and the light beam transmission optical path is composed of a transmission optical path with a transmission distance of 1 to 10m.

[0093] 6) The galvanometer has a marking speed of 12000 mm / s and a positioning speed of 23000 mm / s.

[0094] 7) The output aperture of the beam size is 3.6±0.5mm, the beam divergence is <5mrad, and the polarization is greater than 100:1.

[0095] 8) Mechanical scanning angle ±11°.

[0096] Based on the method described above, the embodiment of the present invention provides a specific application example. The parameters used in the application example are shown in Table 2.

[0097] Table 2. Technical parameters

[0098]

[0099] The Lab model was used to evaluate the fading effect using the technical parameters shown in Table 2: ΔL, Δa, and Δb are the differences in lightness (L) and chromaticity (a and b) between the reference sample and the sample being tested. The color difference is expressed as ΔE. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0100]

[0101] A △E between 3.5 and 5 is considered to be a significant color difference, less than 3.5 is considered to be a small color difference, and greater than 5 is considered to be easily distinguishable.

[0102] A 50×150 mm specimen was used to evaluate the tensile strength.

[0103] The material properties obtained under each serial number are shown in Table 3.

[0104] Table 3. Material properties

[0105]

[0106]

[0107] Finally, the silk fading effect diagram obtained by the present invention is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, combined Figure 5 As shown in Table 3, the silks (serial numbers 1-3) prepared by the method provided by the present invention have small color difference, excellent tensile properties, and small loss of tensile properties.

[0108] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with this technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention, which should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A silk laser processing method based on the fading principle, characterized in that: The method comprises: preparing and dyeing silk fabrics; The pattern is converted into a vector diagram and filled in layers, and the operating parameters of the laser are determined according to the grayscale of the pattern. The operating parameters include the laser energy, scanning speed, filling density and defocus amount corresponding to each layer; Based on the working parameters, the power density and irradiation time of the laser are controlled to perform laser treatment on the printed and dyed silk fabric, so that the pigment molecular bonds in the set number of layers and set areas of the printed and dyed silk fabric are broken, and the original fiber layer is retained; Convert the pattern into vector graphics and fill it in layers, including: Import the bitmap into Adobe Photoshop, find the color range in the selection command, select the layer with the corresponding grayscale according to the content to be processed, save and export; Import the image created in Adobe Photoshop into Adobe Illustrator, find the Image Trace function in the Object Bar and create it. In the Image Trace tab, select Grayscale as the Tracing Mode and Adjacency as the Tracing Method. Convert the pattern into adjacent color blocks of corresponding grayscale and export them in DXF format. Import the created DXF format drawing file into AutoCAD and decompose it into independent pattern fills and spline curves; After dissolving, use the Quick Selection command, select Spline in Object Type, select the original frame and delete it, retaining the adjacent color blocks of the corresponding grayscale; Divide by color: First, create a corresponding rectangular border according to the number of layers to be separated, then use the Quick Select command to select the entire layer, select Pattern Fill as the Object Type, check Greater Than as the Operator, scroll down to Select Color in the Value list, and then select the corresponding pen number according to the energy ladder to be marked; Draw a border on the original filled outline; Dissolve the pattern with the boundary curve first, then use the Quick Select command to select the pattern fill, delete all the selections, and leave only the pattern boundary; Convert the drawn boundary line to a polyline. Select the target and use the pedit command. Select a conversion precision of 1 to 2 to avoid system lag. Use the Fill command to fill the outline frame, and the fill type is twill; set the fill origins of the wireframes of different grayscale layers to coincide; select the area to be filled using the Select Object command; Using the fill origin as a reference, use the move command to combine the fill patterns of different layers, and export the processed vector image to dxf or plt format.

2. The silk laser processing method based on the fading principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The preparation of printed and dyed silk fabrics specifically comprises: Pretreatment: degumming, bleaching and fading of silk fabrics; Dye selection: Choose natural dyes or synthetic dyes based on product color requirements and usage requirements; Dip dyeing: completely immerse the pretreated silk fabric in the bottom color dye solution for 40-45 minutes at a temperature of 60-65°C. Printing: Patterns and designs are formed by printing dyes on set areas on silk fabrics, with a printing speed of 15-20m / min, a printing temperature of 100-120℃ and a pressure of 60N / cm2.

3. The silk laser processing method based on the fading principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step of controlling the power density and irradiation time of the laser based on the working parameters to perform laser treatment on the printed and dyed silk fabric specifically includes: Fix the printed and dyed silk fabric on the operating table; The laser is placed on one side of the operating table; The emission frequency of the laser is locked to 100KHZ; the input voltage is ±15VDC, the average working current is 2A, the analog value of the signal interface is set to ±5V, the peak current is 8A, and the position signal input impedance is 10KΩ±1%; The CO2 continuous laser emitted by the laser is amplified by the beam shaping path, then input to the galvanometer through the beam transmission path, and then focused on the silk surface on the operating table after passing through the field lens; Based on the working parameters, power density and irradiation time, the movement of the laser beam along the X, Y and Z axes is controlled to complete the fading treatment of the silk surface.

4. The silk laser processing method based on the fading principle according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The laser light passing through the beam transmission path is input into the galvanometer after being collimated and expanded.

5. The silk laser processing method based on the fading principle according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The laser writing speed is 600 cps, the step response time is 210 us, and the step response time is controlled at 710 us, so that the tracking error is ≤138 us.

6. The silk laser processing method based on the fading principle according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The shaping optical path is a beam expanding optical path, the magnification of the beam expanding optical path is based on the maximum and smaller than the diameter of the galvanometer entrance pupil, and the transmission distance of the beam transmission optical path is 1 to 10m.

7. The silk laser processing method based on the fading principle according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The galvanometer marking speed can reach up to 12000mm / s, and the positioning speed is 23000mm / s.

8. The silk laser processing method based on the fading principle according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The beam size is an output aperture of 3.6 ± 0.5 mm, the beam divergence is < 5 mrad, and the polarization is greater than 100 to 1.

9. The silk laser processing method based on the fading principle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mechanical scanning angle of the galvanometer is less than ±11°.

Images