Short circuit welding method and apparatus

Abstract

The application provides a short-circuit welding method and device. The method comprises: detecting the arc voltage in real time during the short-circuit welding process; determining whether a transient short-circuit abnormality, a top wire abnormality, a long-time arc abnormality, or a continuous short-circuit abnormality occurs in a first welding cycle based on the detection result of the arc voltage; adjusting the current and the duration at the initial stage of the arc and the waveform coefficient of the arc current in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle when the transient short-circuit abnormality occurs; adjusting the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle when the top wire abnormality occurs; adjusting the arc reference voltage and the arc voltage slope in the next welding cycle when the long-time arc abnormality occurs; and adjusting the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle when the continuous short-circuit abnormality occurs. Through the method, the arc can be stabilized, and the spatter can be reduced. Moreover, the short-circuit transition can be uniform, so that the welding quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of welding technology, and in particular to a short-circuit welding method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of science and technology, people's requirements for welding quality and efficiency are constantly increasing. Fully digital gas-shielded welding machines have advantages such as low spatter, low heat input, aesthetically pleasing weld beads, and deep weld penetration; therefore, their application is becoming increasingly widespread.

[0003] Currently, in the process of short-circuit welding, in order to maintain the stability of the electric arc, it is necessary to keep the short-circuit transition as smooth and uniform as possible. However, in the actual welding process, due to external factors such as base material, welding material, and shielding gas, the rhythm of droplet transfer is easily disrupted, resulting in instantaneous short circuit or long-term arc burning, which leads to unstable electric arc and poor weld formation.

[0004] Therefore, in the process of short-circuit welding, how to avoid phenomena such as instantaneous short-circuit anomalies, set screw anomalies, long-term arc burning anomalies, and continuous short-circuit anomalies while ensuring the stability of the electric arc, so as to improve the welding quality, has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the issue of how to maintain arc stability during short-circuit welding while avoiding phenomena such as transient short-circuit anomalies, set wire anomalies, prolonged arc burning anomalies, and continuous short-circuit anomalies, thereby improving welding quality, this application provides a short-circuit welding method and apparatus.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a short-circuit welding method, the method comprising: after the start of a first welding cycle, during the short-circuit welding process, real-time detection of the arc voltage; the first welding cycle being any welding cycle in the short-circuit welding process, the any welding cycle including multiple short-circuit stages and an arc-ignition stage connected to each short-circuit stage; based on the detection result of the arc voltage, determining whether a momentary short-circuit anomaly, a set wire anomaly, a long-duration arc-ignition anomaly, or a continuous short-circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle; if a momentary short-circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle, adjusting the current and duration of the initial arc-ignition phase, as well as the waveform coefficient of the arc-ignition current, in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle; if a set wire anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle, adjusting the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle; if a long-duration arc-ignition anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle, adjusting the arc-ignition reference voltage and the arc voltage slope in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle; if a continuous short-circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle, adjusting the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle.

[0007] In one possible implementation, determining whether a transient short circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle based on the detection result of the arc voltage includes: after each arc detection, when the detected arc voltage is less than the short circuit determination value, determining that a short circuit has occurred and recording the duration of the current short circuit; if the difference between the duration of the short circuit and the duration of the standard short circuit phase is less than the negative of a first preset threshold, determining that a transient short circuit has occurred; if the number of transient short circuits occurring in the first welding cycle is greater than or equal to a preset number threshold, determining that a transient short circuit anomaly has occurred in the first welding cycle.

[0008] In one possible implementation, determining whether a set wire abnormality occurred in the first welding cycle based on the detection result of the arc voltage includes: after the start of the first welding cycle, if a first short circuit stage exists in the first welding cycle, determining that a set wire abnormality occurred in the first welding cycle; the first short circuit stage refers to the detection of an arc voltage less than a short circuit judgment value after the short circuit is detected in the first short circuit stage, and the difference between the duration of the arc voltage being less than the short circuit judgment value and the duration of the standard short circuit stage is greater than a first preset threshold.

[0009] In one possible implementation, determining whether a prolonged arcing abnormality occurs in the first welding cycle based on the detection result of the arc voltage includes: after the start of the first welding cycle, if a first arcing stage exists in the first welding cycle, determining that a prolonged arcing abnormality has occurred in the first welding cycle; the first arcing stage refers to an arcing stage in which the difference between the duration and the duration of the standard arcing stage is greater than a second preset threshold.

[0010] In one possible implementation, determining whether a continuous short circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle based on the detection result of the arc voltage includes: after the start of the first welding cycle, if a second arc-burning stage exists in the first welding cycle, determining that a continuous short circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle; the second arc-burning stage refers to an arc-burning stage in which the difference between the duration and the duration of the standard arc-burning stage is less than the negative number of a second preset threshold.

[0011] In one possible implementation, adjusting the current and duration of the arc in the initial stage of the first welding cycle, as well as the waveform coefficient of the arc current, in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle includes: adjusting the current and duration of the arc in the initial stage of the first welding cycle, as well as the waveform coefficient of the arc current, based on the following relationship: SPI1=A1* N0+B1[a n1 -sht(avg)] +SPI0; SPT1 = A2 * N0 + B2[a n1 -sht(avg)] +SPT0; KI1 = KI0 + C0; Where A1, B1, A2, B2, and C0 are all constants, SPI0 is the current at the initial stage of arc ignition in the first welding cycle, SPI1 is the current at the initial stage of arc ignition in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle, SPT0 is the duration of the initial stage of arc ignition in the first welding cycle, SPT1 is the duration of the initial stage of arc ignition in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle, KI0 is the waveform coefficient of the arc current in the first welding cycle, KI1 is the waveform coefficient of the arc current in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle, N0 is the number of instantaneous short circuits occurring in the first welding cycle, and N0 is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. n1 sht(avg) is the average duration of the short circuit that occurs during the first welding cycle, and sht(avg) is the duration of the standard short circuit phase.

[0012] In one possible implementation, adjusting the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle if a set wire abnormality occurs in the first welding cycle includes: if a set wire abnormality occurs in the first welding cycle, adjusting the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle based on the following relationship: U 调整 = D1[a n2 -sht(avg)]+ U 给定 ; Where D1 is a constant, U 给定 U is the given value of the arc voltage in the first welding cycle. 调整 Given the arc voltage in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle, a n2 sht(avg) is the duration during which the arc voltage is less than the short-circuit judgment value in the first short-circuit stage, and sht(avg) is the duration of the standard short-circuit stage.

[0013] In one possible implementation, adjusting the arc reference voltage and arc voltage slope in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle includes: adjusting the arc reference voltage and arc voltage slope in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle based on the following relationship: U1 = A3*[b] n1 - arc(avg)]+ U0+B3; KU1= A4* [ b n1 - arc(avg)]+KU0+B4; Where A3, B3, A4, and B4 are all constants, U0 is the arc reference voltage of the first welding cycle, KU0 is the arc voltage slope of the first welding cycle, U1 is the arc reference voltage of the next welding cycle, and KU1 is the arc voltage slope of the next welding cycle. n1 is the duration of the first arcing phase, and arc(avg) is the duration of the standard arcing phase.

[0014] In one possible implementation, adjusting the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle if a continuous short-circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle includes: adjusting the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle based on the following relationship if a continuous short-circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle: U' 调整 = D2[b n2 - arc(avg)]+ U' 给定 ; Where D2 is a constant, U' 给定 U' is the given value of the arc voltage during the first welding cycle. 调整 b is the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle. n2 is the duration of the second arcing phase, and arc(avg) is the duration of the standard arcing phase.

[0015] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a short-circuit welding apparatus, comprising: a detection unit, configured to detect the arc voltage in real time during the short-circuit welding process after the start of a first welding cycle; the first welding cycle being any welding cycle in the short-circuit welding process, the any welding cycle including multiple short-circuit stages and an arc-ignition stage connected to each short-circuit stage; a determination unit, configured to determine, based on the detection result of the arc voltage, whether a momentary short-circuit anomaly, a set wire anomaly, a long-duration arc-ignition anomaly, or a continuous short-circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle; and a processing unit, configured to, if a momentary short-circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle, adjust the current and duration of the initial arc-ignition phase and the waveform coefficient of the arc-ignition current in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle; if a set wire anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle, adjust the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle; if a long-duration arc-ignition anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle, adjust the arc-ignition reference voltage and the arc-ignition voltage slope in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle; and if a continuous short-circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle, adjust the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the determining unit is used to determine whether a transient short circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle based on the detection result of the arc voltage. Specifically, the determining unit is used to: after each arc detection, when the detected arc voltage is less than the short circuit judgment value, determine that a short circuit has occurred and record the duration of the current short circuit; if the difference between the duration of the short circuit and the duration of the standard short circuit stage is less than the negative of a first preset threshold, determine that a transient short circuit has occurred; if the number of transient short circuits occurring in the first welding cycle is greater than or equal to a preset number threshold, determine that a transient short circuit anomaly has occurred in the first welding cycle.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the determining unit is used to determine whether a set wire abnormality has occurred in the first welding cycle based on the detection result of the arc voltage. Specifically, the determining unit is used to: after the start of the first welding cycle, if there is a first short circuit stage in the first welding cycle, determine that a set wire abnormality has occurred in the first welding cycle; the first short circuit stage refers to the situation where, after the short circuit is detected in the first short circuit stage, the arc voltage is detected to be less than the short circuit judgment value, and the difference between the duration of the arc voltage being less than the short circuit judgment value and the duration of the standard short circuit stage is greater than a first preset threshold.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the determining unit is used to determine whether a prolonged arcing abnormality has occurred in the first welding cycle based on the detection result of the arc voltage. Specifically, the determining unit is used to: after the start of the first welding cycle, if there is a first arcing stage in the first welding cycle, determine that a prolonged arcing abnormality has occurred in the first welding cycle; the first arcing stage refers to an arcing stage in which the difference between the duration and the duration of the standard arcing stage is greater than a second preset threshold.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the determining unit is used to determine whether a continuous short circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle based on the detection result of the arc voltage. Specifically, the determining unit is used to: after the start of the first welding cycle, if there is a second arc-burning stage in the first welding cycle, determine that a continuous short circuit anomaly has occurred in the first welding cycle; the second arc-burning stage refers to an arc-burning stage in which the difference between the duration and the duration of the standard arc-burning stage is less than the opposite number of a second preset threshold.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the processing unit is used to adjust the current and duration of the arc in the initial stage of the first welding cycle, as well as the waveform coefficient of the arc current, in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle. Specifically, the processing unit is used to adjust the current and duration of the arc in the initial stage of the first welding cycle, as well as the waveform coefficient of the arc current, in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle based on the following relationship: SPI1=A1* N0+B1[a n1 -sht(avg)] +SPI0; SPT1 = A2 * N0 + B2[a n1 -sht(avg)] +SPT0; KI1 = KI0 + C0; Where A1, B1, A2, B2, and C0 are all constants, SPI0 is the current at the initial stage of arc ignition in the first welding cycle, SPI1 is the current at the initial stage of arc ignition in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle, SPT0 is the duration of the initial stage of arc ignition in the first welding cycle, SPT1 is the duration of the initial stage of arc ignition in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle, KI0 is the waveform coefficient of the arc current in the first welding cycle, KI1 is the waveform coefficient of the arc current in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle, N0 is the number of instantaneous short circuits occurring in the first welding cycle, and N0 is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. n1 sht(avg) is the average duration of the short circuit that occurs during the first welding cycle, and sht(avg) is the duration of the standard short circuit phase.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the processing unit is configured to adjust the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle if a set screw abnormality occurs in the first welding cycle. Specifically, the processing unit is configured to adjust the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle based on the following relationship if a set screw abnormality occurs in the first welding cycle: U 调整 = D1[a n2 -sht(avg)]+ U 给定 ; Where D1 is a constant, U 给定 U is the given value of the arc voltage in the first welding cycle. 调整 Given the arc voltage in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle, a n2 sht(avg) is the duration during which the arc voltage is less than the short-circuit judgment value in the first short-circuit stage, and sht(avg) is the duration of the standard short-circuit stage.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the processing unit is used to adjust the arc reference voltage and arc voltage slope in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle, specifically: the processing unit is used to adjust the arc reference voltage and arc voltage slope in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle based on the following relationship: U1 = A3*[b] n1 - arc(avg)]+ U0+B3; KU1= A4* [ b n1 - arc(avg)]+ KU0+B4; Where A3, B3, A4, and B4 are all constants, U0 is the arc reference voltage of the first welding cycle, KU0 is the arc voltage slope of the first welding cycle, U1 is the arc reference voltage of the next welding cycle, and KU1 is the arc voltage slope of the next welding cycle. n1 is the duration of the first arcing phase, and arc(avg) is the duration of the standard arcing phase.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the processing unit is configured to adjust the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle if a continuous short-circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle. Specifically, the processing unit is configured to adjust the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle based on the following relationship if a continuous short-circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle: U' 调整 = D2[b n2 - arc(avg)]+ U' 给定 ; Where D2 is a constant, U' 给定 U' is the given value of the arc voltage during the first welding cycle. 调整 b is the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle. n2 is the duration of the second arcing phase, and arc(avg) is the duration of the standard arcing phase.

[0024] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method described in the first aspect.

[0025] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for performing the method described in the first aspect.

[0026] This application provides a short-circuit welding method and apparatus. This method can determine whether a momentary short-circuit anomaly, set wire anomaly, prolonged arcing anomaly, or continuous short-circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle by detecting the arc voltage. Specifically, if a momentary short-circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle, the current and duration of the initial arcing phase, as well as the waveform coefficient of the arc current, are adjusted in the next welding cycle. If a set wire anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle, the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle is adjusted. If a prolonged arcing anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle, the arc reference voltage and arc voltage slope are adjusted in the next welding cycle. If a continuous short-circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle, the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle is adjusted. Based on this, the occurrence of phenomena such as momentary short-circuit anomalies, set wire anomalies, prolonged arcing anomalies, and continuous short-circuit anomalies can be reduced, ensuring arc stability after adjustment and reducing spatter. Furthermore, it can make the short-circuit transition more uniform, thereby improving welding quality. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a short-circuit welding method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining whether a transient short-circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle based on the detection result of arc voltage, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of waveform adjustment for a momentary short circuit provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining whether a set wire abnormality has occurred in the first welding cycle based on the detection result of arc voltage, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a waveform diagram of a set screw abnormality provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining whether a prolonged arcing abnormality occurs during the first welding cycle based on the detection result of arc voltage, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a waveform diagram of a long-term arcing abnormality provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining whether a continuous short circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle based on the detection result of arc voltage, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 9 This is a waveform diagram of a continuous short-circuit anomaly provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure 10 This is a structural block diagram of a short-circuit welding device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 11 This is a structural block diagram of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Through these descriptions, the features and advantages of the present application will become clearer and more apparent.

[0040] The term “exemplary” as used herein means “serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration.” Any embodiment illustrated herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments. Although various aspects of embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated otherwise.

[0041] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0042] To facilitate understanding, the application scenarios of the technical solution in this application will be introduced first.

[0043] With the continuous advancement of science and technology, people's requirements for welding quality and efficiency are constantly increasing. Fully digital gas shielded welding machines offer advantages such as low spatter, low heat input, aesthetically pleasing weld beads, and deep weld penetration, leading to their increasingly widespread application. Among these advantages, the fully digital welding machine provides more precise control over the waveform at each stage, from droplet formation to detachment.

[0044] The inventors discovered in specific applications and research that in order to maintain the stability of the electric arc during short-circuit welding, it is necessary to keep the short-circuit transition as smooth and uniform as possible. However, in the actual welding process, due to external factors such as base material, welding material, and shielding gas, the rhythm of droplet transition is easily disrupted, resulting in instantaneous short circuits or prolonged arc burning, leading to unstable electric arc and poor weld formation.

[0045] It should be noted that momentary short circuits generally occur with high welding currents, especially in CO2 welding. The rhythm of the short circuit transition is disrupted, spatter increases, the arc becomes unstable, and welding defects are formed, thus affecting the welding quality. Set screws generally occur when the electrode is not preheated or after prolonged use, leading to severe electrode wear and affecting welding quality. Prolonged arc burning is generally prone to occur during the arc initiation stage with low to medium welding currents. It manifests as discontinuous arc initiation. High-speed imaging can clearly show that the large molten ball at the end of the welding wire cannot fall off smoothly and wobbles from side to side, causing large welding spatter and forming discontinuous weld beads. Continuous short circuits generally occur when the arc voltage is too high or the welding current is too large during the welding process.

[0046] During short-circuit welding, any of the above-mentioned abnormal phenomena will affect the welding quality. Therefore, this application proposes a short-circuit welding method that, while ensuring arc stability, can also avoid phenomena such as instantaneous short-circuit anomalies, set wire anomalies, prolonged arc burning anomalies, and continuous short-circuit anomalies, thereby improving welding quality. Furthermore, this application uses the detection result of any welding cycle (hereinafter referred to as the first welding cycle) during short-circuit welding, and adjusts the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle as an example to illustrate an embodiment of the welding method of this application.

[0047] The short-circuit welding method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a short-circuit welding method provided in an embodiment of this application. This method can be applied to terminal equipment or controllers installed in a welding system. The following description uses a controller installed in a welding system (hereinafter referred to as the controller) as an example to illustrate an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the method may include the following steps: Step S101: After the first welding cycle begins, the arc voltage is monitored in real time during the short-circuit welding process.

[0049] The first welding cycle refers to any welding cycle within the short-circuit welding process. Each welding cycle includes multiple short-circuit stages and multiple arc-ignition stages. Optionally, the galvanic arc protected short-circuit welding process (referred to as the short-circuit welding process) primarily alternates between short-circuit and arc-ignition stages. By setting short-circuit and arc-ignition judgment values, and comparing the real-time detected arc voltage with these values, the controller can effectively manage the alternation between the short-circuit and arc-ignition stages, thereby maintaining arc stability.

[0050] In one possible implementation, during normal short-circuit welding, when the arc voltage is less than the short-circuit judgment value, the controller control system performs short-circuit stage processing and outputs constant current; when the arc voltage is greater than the arc ignition judgment value, the controller control system performs arc ignition stage processing and outputs constant voltage.

[0051] Optionally, due to the influence of uncontrollable factors in actual welding scenarios, set wire abnormalities may occur during the short-circuit phase, and transient short-circuit abnormalities, prolonged arcing abnormalities, and continuous short-circuit abnormalities may occur during the arcing phase. Therefore, during short-circuit welding, it is necessary to monitor the arc voltage in real time, and determine whether transient short-circuit abnormalities, set wire abnormalities, prolonged arcing abnormalities, or continuous short-circuit abnormalities have occurred in the first welding cycle based on the arc voltage monitoring results.

[0052] Specifically, the implementation method can be as follows: determine whether a set screw abnormality occurs during the short circuit stage, and determine whether a momentary short circuit abnormality, a long-term arcing abnormality, or a continuous short circuit abnormality occurs during the arcing stage.

[0053] Step S102: Based on the detection results of the arc voltage, determine whether a momentary short circuit abnormality, set wire abnormality, long-term arc burning abnormality, or continuous short circuit abnormality occurs in the first welding cycle.

[0054] In one possible implementation, if the short-circuit phase in the first welding cycle is a normal short-circuit phase, then after each short-circuit detection, the absolute value of the difference between the duration of the short-circuit phase and the duration of the standard short-circuit phase is less than or equal to a first preset threshold. The first preset threshold can be set according to the requirements of the actual welding scenario.

[0055] Optionally, if during the short-circuit phase, it is detected that the arc voltage is less than the short-circuit threshold for a certain duration, a setter malfunction may occur. Further, the occurrence of a setter malfunction can be determined based on the duration of the arc voltage being less than the short-circuit threshold and the duration of the standard short-circuit phase.

[0056] In one possible implementation, if the arc-ignition phase in the first welding cycle is a normal arc-ignition phase, then after each arc detection, the absolute value of the difference between the duration of the arc-ignition phase and the duration of the standard arc-ignition phase is less than or equal to a second preset threshold. The second preset threshold can be set according to the needs of the actual welding scenario.

[0057] Optionally, if during the arcing phase, it is detected that the arc voltage is lower than the short-circuit threshold for a certain duration, a transient short-circuit anomaly may occur. Further, the occurrence of a transient short-circuit anomaly can be determined based on the duration of the arc voltage being lower than the short-circuit threshold and the duration of the standard short-circuit phase.

[0058] Optionally, during the arcing phase, prolonged arcing anomalies and continuous short circuits may also occur. The occurrence of prolonged arcing anomalies and continuous short circuits can be further determined by comparing the duration of the arcing phase with that of the standard arcing phase.

[0059] By detecting the arc voltage, it can be determined whether any abnormal phenomena such as transient short circuit, set wire abnormality, prolonged arc burning abnormality, or continuous short circuit abnormality occur during the first welding cycle. If any of these abnormal phenomena are detected during the first welding cycle, the controller needs to be adjusted for the next welding cycle to ensure arc stability and reduced spatter.

[0060] In one possible implementation, once the arcing stage is determined, then according to... Figure 2 The method shown determines whether a transient short circuit anomaly occurs during the arcing phase.

[0061] Step S201: After each arc detection, when the detected arc voltage is less than the short circuit judgment value, a short circuit is determined to have occurred, and the duration of the current short circuit is recorded.

[0062] In the first welding cycle, which includes multiple arc-ignition stages, each stage may experience multiple short-circuit events, meaning the arc voltage may fall below the short-circuit threshold multiple times. Therefore, after each arc detection, i.e., after entering the arc-ignition stage, it is necessary to record the duration of the short circuit where the detected arc voltage is below the short-circuit threshold in real time, to further determine whether the current short circuit is an instantaneous short circuit.

[0063] Step S202: If the difference between the duration of the short circuit and the duration of the standard short circuit phase is less than the negative of the first preset threshold, it is determined that an instantaneous short circuit has occurred.

[0064] In one possible implementation, the duration 'a' of multiple short-circuit stages is pre-collected during normal short-circuit welding. 0 、 a 1、 a 2、 a3……a n And calculate the average duration of multiple short-circuit phases, sht(avg) = (a0 + a1 + ... + a n The average duration of these multiple short-circuit stages, sht(avg), is recorded as the duration of the standard short-circuit stage. The duration of the standard short-circuit stage is stored in a register to facilitate the determination of whether an instantaneous short-circuit anomaly occurs during actual short-circuit welding. The duration of the standard short-circuit stage can be a fixed value or any value within a range, depending on the base material, gas, and welding wire diameter. The specific value can be selected according to the actual application scenario, and this application does not impose any specific limitations on it.

[0065] Optionally, during short-circuit welding, after arc detection, if the arc voltage is less than the short-circuit judgment value, a short circuit is determined to have occurred. If the absolute value of the difference between the duration of the current short circuit and the duration of the standard short circuit stage is less than or equal to a first preset threshold, the system determines that the current short circuit is a normal short circuit stage, and the controller controls the output of the short circuit stage, switching from constant voltage output to constant current output.

[0066] Optionally, during short-circuit welding, and after arc detection, if the arc voltage detection result is less than the short-circuit judgment value, a short circuit is determined to have occurred. If the difference between the duration of the current short circuit and the duration of the standard short circuit stage is less than the negative of the first preset threshold, then an instantaneous short circuit is determined to have occurred.

[0067] In one possible implementation, since a single transient short circuit during short-circuit welding has little impact on the overall weld, it can be ignored. Therefore, there is no need to adjust the initial arc current and duration, or the waveform coefficient of the arc current, in the next welding cycle after the first welding cycle. Only when the number of transient short circuits reaches a certain threshold will it affect the weld. Optionally, when the number of transient short circuits in the first welding cycle reaches a certain threshold, a transient short circuit anomaly is further identified in the first welding cycle, and whether it is a transient short circuit anomaly is further determined according to step S203 below.

[0068] Step S203: If the number of instantaneous short circuits occurring in the first welding cycle is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, an instantaneous short circuit anomaly is determined to have occurred in the first welding cycle.

[0069] For example, at the start of the first welding cycle, the current number of instantaneous short circuits is 0. Each time an arc is detected, if the arc voltage is less than the short circuit threshold and the difference between the short circuit duration and the standard short circuit duration is less than the negative of a first preset threshold, then an instantaneous short circuit is determined to have occurred. Here, the preset threshold number is set to N0, and the actual number of instantaneous short circuits occurring within the first welding cycle is recorded as N. 01 If N 01 If the value is greater than or equal to N0, indicating a transient short-circuit anomaly during the first welding cycle, then adjustments need to be made to the initial arc current and duration, as well as the waveform coefficient of the arc current, in the next welding cycle. The preset threshold quantity can be set according to the requirements of the actual application scenario.

[0070] Optionally, if N 01If the value is less than N0, it is determined that there is no transient short circuit abnormality in the first welding cycle. Therefore, it is not necessary to adjust the current and duration of the arc in the initial stage of the next welding cycle, as well as the waveform coefficient of the arc current.

[0071] In other words, when the number of transient short circuits is within a controllable range, the controller does not need to adjust the next welding cycle after the first welding cycle, which helps to improve welding efficiency.

[0072] Optionally, when a transient short-circuit anomaly is determined to occur during the first welding cycle, the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle is adjusted in accordance with the manner shown in step S103.

[0073] Step S103: If a transient short circuit occurs during the first welding cycle, adjust the current and duration of the arc in the initial stage of the next welding cycle, as well as the waveform coefficient of the arc current.

[0074] In one possible implementation, the current and duration of the arc in the initial stage of the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle, as well as the waveform coefficient of the arc current, are adjusted based on the following relationship: SPI1=A1* N0+B1[a n1 -sht(avg)] +SPI0; SPT1 = A2 * N0 + B2[a n1 -sht(avg)] +SPT0; KI1 = KI0 + C0; Where A1, B1, A2, B2, and C0 are constants, SPI0 is the current at the initial stage of arc ignition in the first welding cycle, SPI1 is the current at the initial stage of arc ignition in the next welding cycle, SPT0 is the duration of the initial stage of arc ignition in the first welding cycle, SPT1 is the duration of the initial stage of arc ignition in the next welding cycle, KI0 is the waveform coefficient of the arc current in the first welding cycle, KI1 is the waveform coefficient of the arc current in the next welding cycle, N0 is the number of instantaneous short circuits occurring in the first welding cycle, and N0 is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. n1 sht(avg) is the average duration of the transient short circuit that occurs during the first welding cycle, and sht(avg) is the duration of the standard short circuit phase.

[0075] See Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating waveform adjustment for a transient short circuit, provided as an embodiment of this application. Figure 3It can be seen that the instantaneous short circuit occurs during the arc-ignition stage. The solid line shows the initial arc-ignition current SPI'0 and its duration T'0 in the first welding cycle, as well as the waveform coefficient KI'0 of the arc-ignition current, representing the welding parameters before adjustment. The dashed line shows the initial arc-ignition current SPI'1 and its duration T'1 in the next welding cycle after the first welding cycle, as well as the waveform coefficient KI'1 of the arc-ignition current, representing the welding parameters after adjustment. Because the difference between the duration of the short circuit occurring during the arc-ignition stage and the duration of the standard short circuit stage in the first welding cycle is less than the negative of the first preset threshold, an instantaneous short circuit occurs in the first welding cycle. If the number of instantaneous short circuits occurring in the first welding cycle is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, then in the next welding cycle after the adjustment, the initial arc-ignition current SPI'1 is increased compared to the initial SPI'0, and the initial arc-ignition duration SPT'1 is longer compared to the initial SPT'0, effectively preventing anomalies in the instantaneous short circuit in the next welding cycle after the first welding cycle. in, Figure 3 This is merely an exemplary waveform adjustment diagram for a momentary short circuit in this application and is not intended to be specific.

[0076] By adjusting the initial arc current and duration, as well as the waveform coefficient of the arc current, in the next welding cycle following the first welding cycle, the problems of arc instability, excessive spatter, and poor weld formation caused by high-current instantaneous short circuits in short-circuit welding are effectively solved. This reduces the occurrence of instantaneous short-circuit anomalies, ensures arc stability after adjustment, and reduces spatter. Furthermore, it avoids instantaneous short-circuit anomalies, effectively ensuring uniform short-circuit transition and improving welding quality.

[0077] Optionally, during short-circuit welding, the duration of the arc voltage being less than the short-circuit threshold and the duration of the standard short-circuit stage can be used to determine whether a set screw abnormality has occurred. In one possible implementation, once the first short-circuit stage is determined, then... Figure 4 The method shown is used to determine whether the first short-circuit stage is due to a set screw abnormality.

[0078] Step S301: After the first welding cycle begins, if there is a first short circuit stage in the first welding cycle, it is determined that an abnormality of the set screw has occurred in the first welding cycle.

[0079] The first short circuit stage refers to the stage after short circuit detection, where the arc voltage is detected to be less than the short circuit judgment value, and the difference between the duration of the arc voltage being less than the short circuit judgment value and the duration of the standard short circuit stage is greater than a first preset threshold.

[0080] In other words, the set screw malfunction occurred during the short circuit phase.

[0081] See Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a waveform diagram illustrating a set screw abnormality provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 It can be seen that the set screw abnormality occurs during the short circuit stage. Specifically, during the first short circuit stage, the voltage and current of the set screw abnormality are abnormally unstable, leading to instability in the welding arc. Figure 5 This is merely an exemplary waveform diagram of a set screw abnormality in this application and is not intended to be specific.

[0082] Since a single transient short circuit during short-circuit welding has little impact on the weld, a transient short circuit anomaly requires the number of transient short circuits occurring within the first welding cycle to be greater than or equal to a preset threshold. In contrast, a single setter anomaly, even a minor one, can have a significant impact on the weld. Therefore, if a setter anomaly is confirmed to have occurred within the first welding cycle, the arc voltage setting for the next welding cycle must be adjusted.

[0083] Step S104: If a set wire malfunction occurs during the first welding cycle, adjust the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle.

[0084] In one possible implementation, if a set screw malfunction occurs during the first welding cycle, the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle is adjusted based on the following relationship: U 调整 = D1[a n2 -sht(avg)]+ U 给定 ; Where D1 is a constant, U 给定 U is the given value of the arc voltage in the first welding cycle. 调整 a is the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle after the first welding cycle. n2 sht(avg) represents the duration during which the arc voltage is less than the short-circuit threshold during the first short-circuit phase, and sht(avg) represents the duration of the standard short-circuit phase.

[0085] By adjusting the setpoint of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle after the first welding cycle, the problems of arc instability, large spatter, and poor weld formation caused by high-current instantaneous short circuits in short-circuit welding are effectively solved. This reduces the occurrence of set wire abnormalities, ensures arc stability after adjustment, and lowers spatter. Furthermore, it avoids set wire abnormalities, effectively ensuring uniform short-circuit transition and improving welding quality.

[0086] During gas metal arc welding, not only instantaneous short circuit anomalies and set wire anomalies can disrupt the droplet detachment rhythm, leading to arc instability and increased spatter, but prolonged arc anomalies or continuous short circuit anomalies can also disrupt the droplet detachment rhythm. Therefore, it is necessary to determine whether prolonged arc anomalies or continuous short circuit anomalies exist in the first welding cycle based on the arc voltage detection results.

[0087] Optionally, during short-circuit welding, after arc detection is determined based on the arc voltage detection result, if the absolute value of the difference between the duration of the arcing phase and the duration of the standard arcing phase is greater than a second preset threshold, it may indicate a prolonged arcing anomaly or a continuous short-circuit anomaly. In one possible implementation, according to... Figure 6 The method shown determines whether a prolonged arcing anomaly occurs during the first welding cycle.

[0088] It should be noted that the method for determining whether a continuous short-circuit anomaly has occurred can be implemented according to... Figure 8 The method shown will not be explained in detail here.

[0089] Step S401: After the first welding cycle begins, if there is a first arcing stage in the first welding cycle, it is determined that a long-term arcing abnormality has occurred in the first welding cycle.

[0090] The first arc-burning stage refers to the arc-burning stage in which the difference between the duration of the first arc-burning stage and the duration of the standard arc-burning stage is greater than the second preset threshold. In other words, the difference between the duration of the first arc-burning stage and the duration of the standard arc-burning stage is greater than the second preset threshold.

[0091] In one possible implementation, the duration b of multiple arc-burning stages is pre-collected during normal short-circuit welding. 0 、 b 1、 b 2、 b3……b n And calculate the average duration of multiple arcing stages arc(avg) = (b0 + b1 + ... + b n The average duration of these multiple arc-burning stages, arc(avg), is recorded as the duration of the standard arc-burning stage. The duration of the standard arc-burning stage is stored in a register to facilitate the determination of whether prolonged arc-burning abnormalities occur during actual short-circuit welding. The duration of the standard arc-burning stage can be a fixed value or any value within a range, depending on the base material, gas, and welding wire diameter; this application does not impose specific limitations on it.

[0092] See Figure 7 , Figure 7This is a waveform diagram illustrating a prolonged arcing anomaly provided in an embodiment of this application. In the first arcing stage, if the difference between the duration of the first arcing stage and the duration of the standard arcing stage is greater than a second preset threshold, then a prolonged arcing anomaly is determined to have occurred in the first welding cycle.

[0093] In one possible implementation, during short-circuit welding, if the absolute value of the difference between the duration of the arcing phase and the duration of the standard arcing phase is less than or equal to a second preset threshold after arc detection, the system determines that the current arcing is a normal arcing and there is no need to adjust the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle.

[0094] Since prolonged arcing anomalies have a significant impact on the weld, if a prolonged arcing anomaly occurs during the first welding cycle, the next welding cycle needs to be adjusted. In one possible implementation, if a prolonged arcing anomaly occurs during the first welding cycle, the next welding cycle is adjusted according to step S105 below.

[0095] Step S105: If a prolonged arcing abnormality occurs during the first welding cycle, adjust the arcing reference voltage and arcing voltage slope in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle.

[0096] In one possible implementation, the arc reference voltage and arc voltage slope are adjusted in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle based on the following relationship: U1 = A3*[b] n1 - arc(avg)]+ U0+B3; KU1= A4* [ b n1 - arc(avg)]+ KU0+B4; Where A3, B3, A4, and B4 are constants, U0 is the arc reference voltage for the first welding cycle, KU0 is the arc voltage slope for the first welding cycle, U1 is the arc reference voltage for the next welding cycle, and KU1 is the arc voltage slope for the next welding cycle. n1 is the duration of the first arcing phase, and arc(avg) is the duration of the standard arcing phase.

[0097] By adjusting the arc reference voltage and arc voltage slope in the next welding cycle after the first welding cycle, the problem of poor weld consistency caused by prolonged arcing of a short-circuit low-current waveform is effectively solved. This reduces the occurrence of abnormal prolonged arcing, ensures arc stability after adjustment, and reduces spatter. Furthermore, it avoids the occurrence of abnormal prolonged arcing, effectively ensuring uniform short-circuit transition and improving welding quality.

[0098] Optionally, if the absolute value of the difference between the duration of the arc-burning phase and the duration of the standard arc-burning phase is less than or equal to a second preset threshold during short-circuit welding, the system determines that the current arc-burning is a normal arc-burning.

[0099] Optionally, during short-circuit welding, the duration of the arc-burning phase can also be used to determine whether a continuous short-circuit anomaly has occurred. One possible implementation is to follow... Figure 8 The method shown determines whether a continuous short circuit anomaly occurs during the first welding cycle.

[0100] Step S501: After the first welding cycle begins, if a second arc-burning stage exists in the first welding cycle, it is determined that a continuous short circuit anomaly has occurred in the first welding cycle.

[0101] The second arc-burning stage refers to an arc-burning stage in which the difference between the duration of the second arc-burning stage and the duration of the standard arc-burning stage is less than the negative of the second preset threshold. In other words, the difference between the duration of the second arc-burning stage and the duration of the standard arc-burning stage is less than the negative of the second preset threshold.

[0102] When the duration of the arc-ignition phase is too short, the alternating short-circuit and arc-ignition welding transitions into short-circuit and short-circuit welding, leading to continuous short-circuit anomalies. See also Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a waveform diagram illustrating a continuous short-circuit anomaly provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 It can be seen that the difference between the duration of the second arc-ignition stage and the duration of the standard arc-ignition stage is less than the negative of the second preset threshold, thus confirming that a continuous short-circuit anomaly occurred in the first welding cycle. Among these, Figure 9 This is merely an exemplary waveform diagram of a continuous short-circuit anomaly in this application and is not intended to be specific.

[0103] Since continuous short-circuit anomalies have a significant impact on the weld seam, if a continuous short-circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle, the next welding cycle needs to be adjusted. One possible implementation is that if a continuous short-circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle, the next welding cycle is adjusted according to the method shown in step S106 below.

[0104] Step S106: If a continuous short circuit abnormality occurs in the first welding cycle, adjust the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle.

[0105] In one possible implementation, if a series of short-circuit anomalies occur during the first welding cycle, the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle is adjusted based on the following relationship: U' 调整 = D2[b n2 - arc(avg)]+ U'给定 ; Where D2 is a constant, U' 给定 U' is the given value of the arc voltage in the first welding cycle. 调整 b is the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle after the first welding cycle. n2 is the duration of the second arcing phase, and arc(avg) is the duration of the standard arcing phase.

[0106] Adjusting the arc voltage setting in the next welding cycle after the first welding cycle helps reduce the occurrence of continuous short circuit anomalies, ensures arc stability after adjustment, and reduces spatter. It also avoids continuous short circuit anomalies, effectively ensuring uniform short circuit transition and improving welding quality.

[0107] It is understandable that prolonged arcing abnormality occurs because the duration of the arcing phase is longer than that of normal arcing, while continuous short circuit occurs because the duration of the arcing phase is shorter than that of normal arcing. Therefore, in any welding cycle during short circuit welding, prolonged arcing abnormality or continuous short circuit abnormality will not occur simultaneously.

[0108] Optionally, when the base material, welding material, gas, etc., change, the values ​​of A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, B3, B4, C0, D1, and D2 in the above relationship will also change accordingly. This can be one parameter, two parameters, or all parameters.

[0109] Optionally, when no instantaneous short-circuit anomaly, set wire anomaly, prolonged arcing anomaly, or continuous short-circuit anomaly occurs during the first welding cycle in the short-circuit welding process, it is not necessary to adjust the welding parameters such as the initial arcing current, duration, waveform coefficient of the arcing current, arcing reference voltage, arcing slope, and arc voltage setpoint as shown in steps S103, S104, S105, and S106. When it is necessary to adjust the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle according to any one or more of steps S103, S104, S105, and S106, the welding parameters such as the initial arcing current, duration, waveform coefficient of the arcing current, arcing reference voltage, arcing slope, and arc voltage setpoint can be adjusted according to the actual scenario, following any one or more of steps S103, S104, S105, and S106.

[0110] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely examples, and modifications can be made to the above embodiments in actual implementation. Those skilled in the art will understand that any modifications to the above embodiments that do not require creative effort fall within the protection scope of this application, and will not be described in detail in the embodiments.

[0111] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a short-circuit welding device. Since the principle of the problem solved by the short-circuit welding device is similar to that of the aforementioned short-circuit welding method, the implementation of the short-circuit welding device can refer to the implementation of the aforementioned short-circuit welding method, and the repeated parts will not be described again.

[0112] See Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a structural block diagram of a short-circuit welding device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 10 As shown, the short-circuit welding device 600 may include: a detection unit 601, a determination unit 602, and a processing unit 603. Among them, The detection unit 601 can be used to detect the arc voltage in real time during the short-circuit welding process after the start of the first welding cycle. The first welding cycle is any welding cycle in the short-circuit welding process, and any welding cycle includes multiple short-circuit stages and an arc-burning stage connected to each short-circuit stage.

[0113] The determination unit 602 can be used to determine whether a transient short circuit abnormality, set wire abnormality, long-term arc burning abnormality, or continuous short circuit abnormality occurs in the first welding cycle based on the detection results of the arc voltage.

[0114] The processing unit 603 can be used to adjust the current and duration of the initial arc in the next welding cycle, as well as the waveform coefficient of the arc current, if a momentary short circuit abnormality occurs in the first welding cycle; adjust the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle if a set screw abnormality occurs in the first welding cycle; adjust the arc reference voltage and arc voltage slope in the next welding cycle if a long-term arc abnormality occurs in the first welding cycle; and adjust the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle if a continuous short circuit abnormality occurs in the first welding cycle.

[0115] In one possible implementation, the determining unit 602 is used to determine whether a transient short circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle based on the detection result of the arc voltage. Specifically, the determining unit 602 is used to: after each arc detection, when the detected arc voltage is less than the short circuit judgment value, determine that a short circuit has occurred and record the duration of the current short circuit; if the difference between the duration of the short circuit and the duration of the standard short circuit stage is less than the negative of a first preset threshold, determine that a transient short circuit has occurred; if the number of transient short circuits occurring in the first welding cycle is greater than or equal to a preset number threshold, determine that a transient short circuit anomaly has occurred in the first welding cycle.

[0116] In one possible implementation, the determining unit 602 is used to determine whether a set screw abnormality has occurred in the first welding cycle based on the detection result of the arc voltage. Specifically, the determining unit 602 is used to: after the start of the first welding cycle, if there is a first short circuit stage in the first welding cycle, determine that a set screw abnormality has occurred in the first welding cycle; the first short circuit stage refers to the detection of an arc voltage less than the short circuit judgment value after the short circuit in the first short circuit stage, and the difference between the duration of the arc voltage less than the short circuit judgment value and the duration of the standard short circuit stage is greater than a first preset threshold.

[0117] In one possible implementation, the determining unit 602 is used to determine whether a prolonged arcing abnormality has occurred in the first welding cycle based on the detection result of the arc voltage. Specifically, the determining unit 602 is used to determine whether a prolonged arcing abnormality has occurred in the first welding cycle if a first arcing stage exists in the first welding cycle after the start of the first welding cycle. The first arcing stage refers to an arcing stage in which the difference between the duration of the first arcing stage and the duration of the standard arcing stage is greater than a second preset threshold.

[0118] In one possible implementation, the determining unit 602 is used to determine whether a continuous short circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle based on the detection result of the arc voltage. Specifically, the determining unit 602 is used to determine whether a continuous short circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle if a second arc-burning stage exists in the first welding cycle after the start of the first welding cycle. The second arc-burning stage refers to an arc-burning stage in which the difference between the duration of the second arc-burning stage and the duration of the standard arc-burning stage is less than the negative number of a second preset threshold.

[0119] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 603 is used to adjust the current and duration of the arc in the initial stage of the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle, as well as the waveform coefficient of the arc current. Specifically, the processing unit 603 is used to adjust the current and duration of the arc in the initial stage of the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle, as well as the waveform coefficient of the arc current, based on the following relationship: SPI1=A1* N0+B1[a n1 -sht(avg)] +SPI0; SPT1 = A2 * N0 + B2[a n1 -sht(avg)] +SPT0; KI1 = KI0 + C0; Where A1, B1, A2, B2, and C0 are constants, SPI0 is the current at the initial stage of arc ignition in the first welding cycle, SPI1 is the current at the initial stage of arc ignition in the next welding cycle, SPT0 is the duration of the initial stage of arc ignition in the first welding cycle, SPT1 is the duration of the initial stage of arc ignition in the next welding cycle, KI0 is the waveform coefficient of the arc current in the first welding cycle, KI1 is the waveform coefficient of the arc current in the next welding cycle, N0 is the number of instantaneous short circuits occurring in the first welding cycle, and N0 is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. n1 sht(avg) is the average duration of the transient short circuit that occurs during the first welding cycle, and sht(avg) is the duration of the standard short circuit phase.

[0120] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 603 is used to adjust the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle if a set screw abnormality occurs in the first welding cycle. Specifically, the processing unit 603 is used to adjust the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle based on the following relationship if a set screw abnormality occurs in the first welding cycle: U 调整 = D1[a n2 -sht(avg)]+ U 给定 ; Where D1 is a constant, U 给定 U is the given value of the arc voltage in the first welding cycle. 调整 a is the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle after the first welding cycle. n2 sht(avg) represents the duration during which the arc voltage is less than the short-circuit threshold during the first short-circuit phase, and sht(avg) represents the duration of the standard short-circuit phase.

[0121] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 603 is used to adjust the arc reference voltage and arc voltage slope in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle, specifically: the processing unit 603 is used to adjust the arc reference voltage and arc voltage slope in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle based on the following relationship: U1 = A3*[b] n1 - arc(avg)]+ U0+B3; KU1= A4* [ b n1 - arc(avg)]+ KU0+B4; Where A3, B3, A4, and B4 are constants, U0 is the arc reference voltage for the first welding cycle, KU0 is the arc voltage slope for the first welding cycle, U1 is the arc reference voltage for the next welding cycle, and KU1 is the arc voltage slope for the next welding cycle. n1 is the duration of the first arcing phase, and arc(avg) is the duration of the standard arcing phase.

[0122] In one possible implementation, the processing unit 603 is used to adjust the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle if a continuous short-circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle. Specifically, the processing unit 603 is used to adjust the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle based on the following relationship if a continuous short-circuit anomaly occurs in the first welding cycle: U' 调整 = D2[b n2 - arc(avg)]+ U' 给定 ; Where D2 is a constant, U' 给定 U' is the given value of the arc voltage in the first welding cycle. 调整 b is the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle after the first welding cycle. n2 is the duration of the second arcing phase, and arc(avg) is the duration of the standard arcing phase.

[0123] See Figure 11 , Figure 11 This is a structural block diagram of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 11 As shown, the computer device 700 may include a processor 701 and a memory 702; the memory 702 may be coupled to the processor 701. It is worth noting that... Figure 11 This is an example; other types of structures can also be used to supplement or replace this structure to achieve telecommunications functions or other functions.

[0124] In one possible implementation, the functionality of the short-circuit welding device 600 can be integrated into the processor 701.

[0125] In one possible implementation, the short-circuit welding device 600 can be configured separately from the processor 701. For example, the short-circuit welding device 600 can be configured as a chip connected to the processor 701, and the switching can be achieved through the control of the processor 701.

[0126] Furthermore, in some alternative implementations, the computer device 700 may also include: a communication module, an input unit, an audio processor, a display, a power supply, etc. It is worth noting that the computer device 700 is not necessarily required to include these components. Figure 11 All components shown; in addition, the computer device 700 may also include Figure 11 For components not shown, please refer to existing technologies.

[0127] In some alternative implementations, the processor 701, sometimes also referred to as a controller or operation control, may include a microprocessor or other processor device and / or logic device, which receives input and controls the operation of various components of the computer device 700.

[0128] The memory 702 may be, for example, one or more of a cache, flash memory, hard drive, removable medium, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, or other suitable device. It may store the aforementioned information related to the short-circuit welding device 600, and may also store a program for executing that information. The processor 701 may execute the program stored in the memory 702 to perform information storage or processing, etc.

[0129] An input unit can provide input to the processor 701. This input unit may be, for example, a keypad or touch input device. A power supply can be used to provide power to the computer device 700. A display can be used to display images and text, etc. This display may be, for example, an LCD display, but is not limited to this.

[0130] Memory 702 can be a solid-state memory, such as read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), SIM card, etc. It can also be a memory that retains information even when power is off, can be selectively erased, and contains more data; examples of this type of memory are sometimes referred to as EPROM, etc. Memory 702 can also be some other type of device. Memory 702 includes buffer memory (sometimes referred to as a buffer). Memory 702 may include an application / function storage unit for storing application programs and function programs or processes for executing operations of computer device 700 via processor 701.

[0131] The memory 702 may also include a data storage unit for storing data, such as contacts, digital data, pictures, sounds, and / or any other data used by the electronic device. The driver storage unit of the memory 702 may include various drivers for the computer device for communication functions and / or for performing other functions of the computer device (such as messaging applications, address book applications, etc.).

[0132] The communication module is a transmitter / receiver that sends and receives signals via an antenna. The communication module (transmitter / receiver) is coupled to the processor 701 to provide input signals and receive output signals, which is the same as in a conventional mobile communication terminal.

[0133] Based on different communication technologies, multiple communication modules can be configured in the same computer device, such as cellular network modules, Bluetooth modules, and / or wireless LAN modules. The communication module (transmitter / receiver) is also coupled to a speaker and microphone via an audio processor to provide audio output through the speaker and receive audio input from the microphone, thereby enabling typical telecommunications functions. The audio processor may include any suitable buffer, decoder, amplifier, etc. Additionally, the audio processor is coupled to processor 701, enabling on-device recording via the microphone and on-device playback of stored sound via the speaker.

[0134] Embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium capable of implementing all steps of the short-circuit welding method in the above embodiments, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements all steps of the short-circuit welding method in the above embodiments.

[0135] While this application provides the method operation steps as described in the embodiments or flowcharts, more or fewer operation steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive labor. The order of steps listed in the embodiments is merely one possible execution order among many and does not represent the only execution order. In actual device or client product execution, the methods shown in the embodiments or drawings can be executed sequentially or in parallel (e.g., in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment).

[0136] Those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments of this specification can be provided as methods, apparatus (systems), or computer program products. Therefore, the embodiments of this specification can take the form of entirely hardware embodiments, entirely software embodiments, or embodiments combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0137] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0138] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0139] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0140] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on its differences from other embodiments. In particular, the device and system embodiments are relatively simple in description because they are fundamentally similar to the method embodiments; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions of the method embodiments. In this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. The terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. This application is not limited to any single aspect, nor to any single embodiment, nor to any combination and / or substitution of these aspects and / or embodiments. Moreover, each aspect and / or embodiment of this application can be used alone or in combination with one or more other aspects and / or embodiments.

[0141] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application.

[0142] The present application has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments; however, these embodiments are merely exemplary and illustrative. Various substitutions and modifications can be made to the present application based on these embodiments, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A short-circuit welding method, characterized in that, The method includes: After the first welding cycle begins, the arc voltage is monitored in real time during the short-circuit welding process; the first welding cycle is any welding cycle in the short-circuit welding process, and any welding cycle includes multiple short-circuit stages and an arc-burning stage connected to each short-circuit stage; Based on the detection results of the arc voltage, determine whether any one of the following abnormalities occurs during the first welding cycle: instantaneous short circuit abnormality, set wire abnormality, long-term arc burning abnormality, or continuous short circuit abnormality. If a transient short-circuit anomaly occurs during the first welding cycle, the current and duration of the initial arc ignition in the next welding cycle, as well as the waveform coefficient of the arc current, are adjusted based on the following relationship: SPI1=A1* N0+B1[a n1 -sht(avg)] +SPI0; SPT1 = A2* N0+B2[a n1 -sht(avg)] +SPT0; KI1 = KI0 + C0; Where A1, B1, A2, B2, and C0 are all constants, SPI0 is the current at the initial stage of arc ignition in the first welding cycle, SPI1 is the current at the initial stage of arc ignition in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle, SPT0 is the duration of the initial stage of arc ignition in the first welding cycle, SPT1 is the duration of the initial stage of arc ignition in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle, KI0 is the waveform coefficient of the arc current in the first welding cycle, KI1 is the waveform coefficient of the arc current in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle, N0 is the number of instantaneous short circuits occurring in the first welding cycle, and N0 is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. n1 The average duration of the short circuit during the first welding cycle is sht(avg), which is the duration of the standard short circuit phase. If a set screw malfunction occurs during the first welding cycle, the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle is adjusted based on the following formula: U 调整 = D1[a n2 -sht(avg)]+ U 给定 ; Where D1 is a constant, U 给定 U is the given value of the arc voltage in the first welding cycle. 调整 Given the arc voltage in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle, a n2 sht(avg) is the duration during which the arc voltage is less than the short-circuit judgment value in the first short-circuit stage, and sht(avg) is the duration of the standard short-circuit stage. If a prolonged arcing anomaly occurs during the first welding cycle, the arcing reference voltage and arcing voltage slope in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle are adjusted based on the following relationship: U1= A3*[ b n1 - arc(avg)]+ U0+B3; KU1= A4* [ b n1 - arc(avg)]+ KU0+B4; Where A3, B3, A4, and B4 are all constants, U0 is the arc reference voltage of the first welding cycle, KU0 is the arc voltage slope of the first welding cycle, U1 is the arc reference voltage of the next welding cycle, and KU1 is the arc voltage slope of the next welding cycle. n1 is the duration of the first arcing phase, and arc(avg) is the duration of the standard arcing phase; If a series of short-circuit anomalies occur during the first welding cycle, the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle is adjusted based on the following relationship: U' 调整 = D2[b n2 - arc(avg)]+ U' 给定 ; Where D2 is a constant, U' 给定 U' is the given value of the arc voltage in the first welding cycle. 调整 b is the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle. n2 is the duration of the second arcing phase, and arc(avg) is the duration of the standard arcing phase.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of whether a transient short-circuit anomaly occurred during the first welding cycle based on the detection result of the arc voltage includes: After each arc detection, if the detected arc voltage is less than the short circuit judgment value, a short circuit is determined to have occurred, and the duration of the current short circuit is recorded. If the difference between the duration of the short circuit and the duration of the standard short circuit phase is less than the negative of the first preset threshold, an instantaneous short circuit is determined to have occurred. If the number of transient short circuits occurring within the first welding cycle is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, a transient short circuit anomaly is determined to have occurred within the first welding cycle.

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of whether a set screw abnormality occurred during the first welding cycle based on the detection result of the arc voltage includes: After the first welding cycle begins, if a first short circuit stage exists in the first welding cycle, it is determined that a set screw abnormality has occurred in the first welding cycle. The first short circuit stage refers to the stage after the short circuit is detected, where the arc voltage is detected to be less than the short circuit judgment value, and the difference between the duration of the arc voltage being less than the short circuit judgment value and the duration of the standard short circuit stage is greater than a first preset threshold.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of whether a prolonged arcing abnormality occurred during the first welding cycle based on the detection results of the arc voltage includes: After the first welding cycle begins, if a first arcing phase exists in the first welding cycle, it is determined that a long-term arcing abnormality has occurred in the first welding cycle; the first arcing phase refers to an arcing phase in which the difference between the duration and the duration of the standard arcing phase is greater than a second preset threshold.

5. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of whether a continuous short-circuit anomaly occurred during the first welding cycle based on the detection result of the arc voltage includes: After the first welding cycle begins, if a second arcing stage exists in the first welding cycle, it is determined that a continuous short circuit anomaly has occurred in the first welding cycle; the second arcing stage refers to an arcing stage in which the difference between the duration and the duration of the standard arcing stage is less than the negative number of the second preset threshold.

6. A short-circuit welding device, characterized in that, The device includes: The detection unit is used to detect the arc voltage in real time during the short-circuit welding process after the start of the first welding cycle; the first welding cycle is any welding cycle in the short-circuit welding process, and the any welding cycle includes multiple short-circuit stages and an arc-burning stage connected to each short-circuit stage; The determining unit is used to determine, based on the detection result of the arc voltage, whether any one of the following abnormalities occurs during the first welding cycle: instantaneous short circuit abnormality, set wire abnormality, long-term arc burning abnormality, or continuous short circuit abnormality. The processing unit is configured to, if a transient short-circuit anomaly occurs during the first welding cycle, adjust the current and duration of the initial arc ignition phase, as well as the waveform coefficient of the arc current, in the next welding cycle following the formula: SPI1=A1* N0+B1[a n1 -sht(avg)] +SPI0; SPT1 = A2* N0+B2[a n1 -sht(avg)] +SPT0; KI1 = KI0 + C0; Where A1, B1, A2, B2, and C0 are all constants, SPI0 is the current at the initial stage of arc ignition in the first welding cycle, SPI1 is the current at the initial stage of arc ignition in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle, SPT0 is the duration of the initial stage of arc ignition in the first welding cycle, SPT1 is the duration of the initial stage of arc ignition in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle, KI0 is the waveform coefficient of the arc current in the first welding cycle, KI1 is the waveform coefficient of the arc current in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle, N0 is the number of instantaneous short circuits occurring in the first welding cycle, and N0 is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. n1 The average duration of the short circuit during the first welding cycle is sht(avg), which is the duration of the standard short circuit phase. If a set screw malfunction occurs during the first welding cycle, the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle is adjusted based on the following formula: U 调整 = D1[a n2 -sht(avg)]+ U 给定 ; Where D1 is a constant, U 给定 U is the given value of the arc voltage in the first welding cycle. 调整 Given the arc voltage in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle, a n2 sht(avg) is the duration during which the arc voltage is less than the short-circuit judgment value in the first short-circuit stage, and sht(avg) is the duration of the standard short-circuit stage. If a prolonged arcing anomaly occurs during the first welding cycle, the arcing reference voltage and arcing voltage slope in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle are adjusted based on the following relationship: U1= A3*[ b n1 - arc(avg)]+ U0+B3; KU1= A4* [ b n1 - arc(avg)]+ KU0+B4; Where A3, B3, A4, and B4 are all constants, U0 is the arc reference voltage of the first welding cycle, KU0 is the arc voltage slope of the first welding cycle, U1 is the arc reference voltage of the next welding cycle, and KU1 is the arc voltage slope of the next welding cycle. n1 is the duration of the first arcing phase, and arc(avg) is the duration of the standard arcing phase; If a series of short-circuit anomalies occur during the first welding cycle, the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle is adjusted based on the following relationship: U' 调整 = D2[b n2 - arc(avg)]+ U' 给定 ; Where D2 is a constant, U' 给定 U' is the given value of the arc voltage in the first welding cycle. 调整 b is the given value of the arc voltage in the next welding cycle of the first welding cycle. n2 is the duration of the second arcing phase, and arc(avg) is the duration of the standard arcing phase.

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