Composite material ultrasonic automatic hole drilling and real-time nondestructive testing integrated device and method of use

Abstract

The application provides a composite material ultrasonic automatic hole making and real-time nondestructive testing integrated equipment and a use method, belongs to the field of aviation composite material processing and detection, and can quickly complete the hole making and nondestructive testing of the composite material and monitor whether the material is damaged in real time. The application utilizes three groups of rack guides and the driving of a servo motor to realize the movement control in X, Y and Z directions, finds the hole position through X and Z directions, and controls the hole making cutter feeding in Y direction; the main shaft clamp clamps the ultrasonic hole making cutter, rotates around the Y axis, and makes holes; the nondestructive testing probe chuck can move along the Y direction relative to the ultrasonic hole making cutter, and realizes the independent lifting and lowering of the nondestructive testing probe. The application can prevent the material from being damaged in a large area after hole making due to the cutter or clamping and the like, can coincide the processing period with the detection period, greatly improves the production efficiency, reduces the production period, simultaneously reduces the influence of human factors on the detection, and improves the accuracy and stability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of aviation composite material processing and detection, and relates to a composite material ultrasonic automatic hole making and real-time nondestructive testing integrated equipment and a use method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of aviation technology, the proportion of carbon fiber, glass fiber or aramid fiber composite material components in total components is higher and higher, and the requirements for hole making and assembly precision are also higher and higher, and the traditional composite material mechanical hole making method has the disadvantages of low hole making precision and easy damage.

[0003] Ultrasonic machining is to remove materials by ultrasonic vibration generated by an ultrasonic machining assembly, forcing abrasive suspension to continuously impact and polish the surface to be processed at high speed, and gradually breaking the surface of the part. Ultrasonic machining is mainly used for punching holes in various hard and brittle materials, and in the machining process, the transducer carries the tool rod to press the workpiece with a certain constant force, and the abrasive between the tool rod and the workpiece is used to impact the surface to be processed. The characteristics of ultrasonic machining are also suitable for hole making of composite materials.

[0004] In the field of aviation industry, resin-based carbon fiber, glass fiber or aramid fiber composite materials are commonly used. These composite materials are anisotropic materials, and the stress along the fiber direction is borne by the fiber, and the strength and stiffness are large; the stress perpendicular to the fiber direction is borne by the resin base, and the strength and stiffness are small. In the production procedure, the subsequent processing of the formed composite parts is commonly machining methods such as hole making, milling, polishing, etc. These processing methods mainly remove resin and other materials along the direction perpendicular to the fiber, and the hard and brittle resin is suitable for ultrasonic machining. The characteristics of the composite material in the direction perpendicular to the fiber, i.e., small strength and stiffness, also lead to damage such as splitting, delamination, debonding, and loose during processing. Therefore, after processing, ultrasonic nondestructive testing is needed for the periphery of the composite part processing position.

[0005] Ultrasonic nondestructive testing is mainly based on the propagation characteristics of ultrasonic waves in the test piece. The sound source generates ultrasonic waves into the test piece, the ultrasonic waves propagate in the test piece, and interact with the defects of the test piece material and gas, and the reflected, transmitted and scattered waves are processed and analyzed to detect the macroscopic defects of the test piece, measure the geometric characteristics, detect and characterize the changes in the structure and mechanical properties. Ultrasonic nondestructive testing is suitable for metal, non-metal and composite materials and other parts.

[0006] Through searching and comparing related patents, the existing ultrasonic machining patents are very rich, such as the patent: a kind of high-efficiency ultrasonic machining equipment (authorized announcement number CN100364673C), its advantage is that the cutter is made of diamond particles, the surface is vibrated at high frequency during machining, and the diamond particles attached to the cutter and the removed material particles jointly act to realize high-efficiency machining of hard and brittle materials. But its disadvantage is that the equipment can only be used for ultrasonic machining, and cannot be used for other processes such as non-destructive testing. SUMMARY

[0007] In view of the problem of hole machining of large composite parts and repeated non-destructive testing, the present application provides a composite material ultrasonic automatic hole machining and real-time non-destructive testing integrated equipment and use method, which is used for ultrasonic machining of carbon fiber, glass fiber or aramid fiber composite materials of aviation products and ultrasonic non-destructive testing of composite materials, and can quickly complete the hole machining and non-destructive testing of composite materials, and real-time monitor whether the material is damaged.

[0008] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme to realize it:

[0009] The principle of the present application is: the present application simulates the hole position to be drilled by a computer terminal, generates a moving path, performs collision detection, confirms the correctness, and then transmits the drilling path to a control box. The drilling path of the part to be processed and detected is found through screen display, the part is clamped, the equipment origin is reset, the tool is adjusted through the fine adjustment knob, and then the processing can be performed. At the same time when the drilling work is performed, the non-destructive testing probe is lowered, the surrounding area of the drilling area is detected, and the non-destructive testing result is output to the control box screen in real time. If the composite material damage, delamination and other conditions are detected, the equipment stops processing, and a prompt is made. After the problem is handled, the processing work is continued. In terms of structure, the present application utilizes three sets of rack guides and the driving of a servo motor to realize the accurate movement control of the spindle box in X, Y and Z directions. The X and Z directions control the accurate positioning of the hole position, and the Y direction controls the drilling tool feeding. The spindle clamp clamps the ultrasonic drilling tool, which can rotate around the Y axis of the spindle to perform drilling work. The non-destructive testing probe chuck can move relative to the spindle box along the Y direction to realize the independent lifting and lowering of the non-destructive testing probe. At the same time, there is an abrasive spraying port on the spindle box, which is aligned with the drilling tool and moves synchronously with the tool to realize continuous supply of abrasive. The biggest innovation of the present application is to provide a thought of automatic drilling and simultaneous non-destructive testing, and the corresponding structure is designed to realize the drilling and detection at the same time, and stop processing when structural damage is found. It can prevent large area damage of the material after drilling due to tool or clamping, and can coincide the processing period with the detection period, greatly improving the production efficiency and reducing the production cycle. And in this process, there is no manual intervention, thereby reducing the labor intensity and reducing the influence of human factors on detection, improving the accuracy and stability of the processing and detection system.

[0010] A composite material ultrasonic automatic drilling and real-time non-destructive testing integrated equipment, the integrated equipment includes a control system, a mechanical structure and an ultrasonic drilling and non-destructive testing assembly 400, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 .

[0011] The control system comprises a control box 500, an OLED display screen 501, control buttons and a computer terminal. The computer terminal simulates a hole position to be drilled, generates a movement path, performs collision detection, confirms that a tool does not collide with a part to be machined and detected, and then transmits the movement path to the control box 500, so as to control the operation of each component, receive a nondestructive testing signal and make a judgment, thereby realizing the operation of the integrated equipment. The OLED display screen 501 is arranged on the shell of the control box 500 and is used to assist in selecting a movement path corresponding to a part to be machined and detected. The control buttons comprise a mode selection button 502, a fine adjustment knob 503, a START button 504, a RESET button 505 and an emergency stop button 506, which are all arranged on the shell of the control box 500. The mode selection button 502 is used to select a mode, specifically three modes of only drilling, only nondestructive testing and drilling and nondestructive testing. The RESET button 505 is used to make the main shaft return to an initial position. The fine adjustment knob 503 is used to finely adjust the tool setting. The START button 504 is used to start machining. The emergency stop button 506 is used to brake in an emergency.

[0012] The mechanical structure comprises a first support column 101, a second support column 102, a third support column 103, a fourth support column 104, a first track beam 201, an X-direction rack guide rail A 202, a second track beam 203, an X-direction rack guide rail B 204, an X-direction sliding beam 205, a Z-direction rack guide rail 206, an X-direction servo drive motor 207, a Z-direction sliding box 301, a Y-direction rack guide rail 302, a Z-direction servo drive motor 303, a spindle box 304, a Y-direction servo drive motor 305, an abrasive jet pipe 306, and a workbench 600. The first support column 101, the second support column 102, the third support column 103, and the fourth support column 104 are vertically placed in a rectangular diagonal manner, and are responsible for bearing the weight of the entire integrated device. The first track beam 201 is fixedly connected between the top end of the first support column 101 and the top end of the fourth support column 104, and the second track beam 203 is fixedly connected between the top end of the second support column 102 and the top end of the third support column 103. The X-direction rack guide rail A 202 and the X-direction rack guide rail B 204 are fixedly arranged on the upper surfaces of the first track beam 201 and the second track beam 203 respectively, and the extension directions of the two X-direction rack guide rails are the X-direction. The X-direction sliding beam 205 is arranged between the two X-direction rack guide rails and perpendicular to the two X-direction rack guide rails, and the X-direction sliding beam 205 cooperates with the two X-direction rack guide rails. The X-direction servo drive motor 207 is arranged on the X-direction sliding beam 205, and is used to drive the X-direction sliding beam 205 to move in the X-direction on the two X-direction rack guide rails. The Z-direction rack guide rail 206 is arranged on the upper surface of the X-direction sliding beam 205, and the extension direction of the Z-direction rack guide rail 206 is the Z-direction. The Z-direction sliding box 301 is a vertically arranged strip-shaped box body, the X-direction sliding beam 205 provided with the Z-direction rack guide rail 206 passes through the upper part of the Z-direction sliding box 301, and the Z-direction sliding box 301 can move along the Z-direction rack guide rail 206. The Z-direction servo drive motor 303 is arranged on the Z-direction sliding box 301, and is used to drive the Z-direction sliding box 301 to move along the Z-direction rack guide rail 206. The Y-direction rack guide rail 302 is arranged on the side wall of the Z-direction sliding box 301, and the extension direction of the Y-direction rack guide rail 302 is the Y-direction. The spindle box 304 is arranged on the Y-direction rack guide rail 302, and is driven to move up and down along the Y-direction rack guide rail 302 by the Y-direction servo drive motor 305 arranged thereon. The spindle box 304 is internally provided with a spindle drive motor, a Y-direction moving motor, an ultrasonic generator, and an abrasive jet system. The spindle drive motor is used to drive the ultrasonic hole forming and nondestructive testing assembly 400 to perform hole forming machining on a workpiece. The Y-direction moving motor is used to drive the nondestructive testing probe chuck 407 in the ultrasonic hole forming and nondestructive testing assembly 400 to move in the Y-direction. The abrasive jet system sprays the abrasive used for hole forming to a to-be-processed area through the abrasive jet pipe 306. The workbench 600 is arranged at the lower part of the entire integrated device, and is located between the first support column 101, the second support column 102, the third support column 103, and the fourth support column 104, and is used to support and position a to-be-processed and detected part.

[0013] The ultrasonic hole making and nondestructive testing assembly 400 comprises an ultrasonic tool assembly, a spindle clamp 406, and a nondestructive testing assembly. The ultrasonic tool assembly is in communication with an ultrasonic generator in the spindle box 304, converts the high-frequency alternating current generated by the ultrasonic generator into high-frequency mechanical vibration, and amplifies the amplitude of the mechanical vibration. The spindle clamp 406 clamps the ultrasonic tool assembly, which is controlled by the spindle drive motor in the spindle box 304, drives the entire ultrasonic tool assembly to rotate while moving along the X, Y, and Z directions with the mechanical mechanism, and finally acts on the abrasive and the surface of the part to be processed and detected with amplified high-frequency mechanical vibration to complete the hole making and chip removal. The nondestructive testing assembly comprises a nondestructive testing probe chuck 407 and a plurality of nondestructive testing probes. The nondestructive testing probe chuck 407 is a hollow cylindrical shell, which is sleeved outside the spindle clamp 406 and does not contact the spindle clamp 406. The bottom center of the nondestructive testing probe chuck 407 has an opening, the head of the ultrasonic tool assembly passes through the opening, the nondestructive testing probe chuck 407 clamps a plurality of nondestructive testing probes on the bottom, the nondestructive testing probes are arranged around the opening on the bottom of the nondestructive testing probe chuck 407, the upper end of the nondestructive testing probe chuck 407 is connected with the Y-direction moving motor in the spindle box 304, so that the nondestructive testing probe chuck 407 can move up and down along the Y direction, realizes the contact and separation of the nondestructive testing probe and the surface of the part to be processed and detected, and the nondestructive testing probe chuck 407 does not rotate with the spindle drive motor in the spindle box 304, is completely decoupled from the ultrasonic hole making process, and can realize separate ultrasonic hole making, separate ultrasonic nondestructive testing, and simultaneous ultrasonic hole making and nondestructive testing.

[0014] Further, the ultrasonic tool assembly comprises an ultrasonic tool assembly shell 401, a transducer 402, a variable amplitude rod 403, a hole making tool 404, and a wire 405. The ultrasonic tool assembly shell 401 wraps the ultrasonic transducer 402, the wire 405 passes out from the root of the ultrasonic tool assembly shell 401, and is used to connect the ultrasonic generator and the ultrasonic transducer 402 in the spindle box 304. The head of the ultrasonic transducer 402 is sequentially provided with the variable amplitude rod 403 and the hole making tool 404. The transducer 402 converts the high-frequency alternating current generated by the ultrasonic generator into high-frequency mechanical vibration, amplifies the amplitude of the mechanical vibration through the variable amplitude rod 403, and acts on the hole making tool 404. The hole making tool 404 acts on the abrasive and the surface of the part to be processed and detected with amplified high-frequency mechanical vibration to complete the hole making and chip removal.

[0015] Further, the nondestructive testing probe comprises a nondestructive testing probe A 408, a nondestructive testing probe B 409, a nondestructive testing probe C 410, and a nondestructive testing probe D 411. The four nondestructive testing probes are arranged around the opening on the bottom of the nondestructive testing probe chuck 407 and uniformly along the circumference.

[0016] A use method of a composite material ultrasonic automatic hole making and real-time nondestructive testing integrated device, the use method comprising the following steps:

[0017] Step one: simulate the hole position to be made by the computer, generate a moving path, and after collision detection, transmit the moving path to the control box 500;

[0018] Step two: select the moving path corresponding to the part to be processed and detected on the OLED display screen 501 of the control box 500, and select the mode through the mode selection button 502;

[0019] Step three: clamp the part to be processed and detected on the workbench 600, press the RESET reset button 505 to make the ultrasonic hole making and nondestructive testing assembly 400 return to the initial position of the moving path, and perform tool setting through the fine tuning knob 503;

[0020] Step four: press the START start button 504 to start processing in the hole making only or hole making and nondestructive testing mode; the control system controls the abrasive jet pipe 306 to spray abrasive, controls the movement direction of the ultrasonic tool assembly through the X-direction servo drive motor 207, the Z-direction servo drive motor 303 and the Y-direction servo drive motor 305, drives the ultrasonic tool assembly to rotate through the spindle clamp 406, the ultrasonic generator generates high-frequency alternating current, the transducer 402 converts it into high-frequency mechanical vibration, the amplitude is amplified through the amplitude transformer 403, and then transmitted to the hole making tool 404, the hole making tool 404 impacts the abrasive, and together impacts the surface of the part to be processed and detected at the hole making position to start cutting, the Y-direction servo drive motor 305 drives the spindle box 304 to move to make a hole; in the hole making and nondestructive testing mode, when the ultrasonic tool assembly starts cutting to make a hole, the nondestructive testing probe chuck 407 moves downward along the Y-axis to press the nondestructive testing probes against the surface of the part to be processed and detected for nondestructive testing, and the detected signals are transmitted back to the control system for real-time determination of whether the signals are abnormal and recording, and simultaneously displayed on the OLED display screen 501; as the hole making proceeds, the ultrasonic tool assembly moves downward along the Y-axis, the nondestructive testing probe chuck 407 moves upward along the Y-axis relative to the ultrasonic tool assembly, and the pressing force between the nondestructive testing probes and the surface of the part to be processed and detected is maintained.

[0021] In the nondestructive testing only mode, the nondestructive testing assembly moves to the hole position to be detected, the Y-direction moving motor in the spindle box 304 controls the nondestructive testing probe chuck 407 to move downward along the Y-axis to press the nondestructive testing probes against the surface of the part to be processed and detected for nondestructive testing, and the detection signals are transmitted back to the control system for real-time determination of whether the signals are abnormal and recording, and simultaneously displayed on the OLED display screen 501.

[0022] Step five: in the hole making only or hole making and non-destructive testing mode, after the current hole making is completed, the ultrasonic tool assembly moves upward along the Y axis, the non-destructive testing probe chuck 407 moves downward along the Y axis, the control system controls the X and Z direction servo drive motor to find the next hole position, and step four is repeated to perform subsequent hole making work. In the hole making and non-destructive testing mode, if the data measured by the non-destructive testing probe during hole making is abnormal, the control system controls the spindle drive motor to stop rotating, the ultrasonic tool assembly returns to the original position, and a prompt sound is emitted. After rechecking and processing the problem, subsequent hole making work is continued.

[0023] In the non-destructive testing only mode, after the current hole position detection is completed, the non-destructive testing assembly moves to the next hole position, step four is repeated to complete subsequent non-destructive testing.

[0024] If an emergency occurs during hole making or non-destructive testing, press the emergency stop button 506 to brake.

[0025] Step six: after the hole making work or non-destructive testing is completed, the integrated device stops rotating, the ultrasonic hole making and non-destructive testing assembly 400 returns to the original position, the non-destructive testing information is transmitted back to the computer end, and a non-destructive testing report is generated. A prompt sound is emitted to indicate that the work is completed.

[0026] Advantages of the present application:

[0027] The existing ultrasonic hole making and ultrasonic non-destructive testing need to be performed separately, which cannot realize real-time understanding of problems in the machining process, resulting in long machining and testing time, low efficiency, and inability to timely control the damage of the composite material. In order to avoid the above problems, the ultrasonic automatic hole making and real-time non-destructive testing integrated device designed in the present application provides a method for real-time hole making and testing. First, the present application can simultaneously perform hole making and testing, greatly shortening the production cycle and improving the production efficiency. Second, since the hole making and testing of the present application are performed in real time, the damage, delamination, splitting and other problems of the composite material can be found in time, the machining can be stopped in time, the problems can be handled, and large area damage of the composite material will not be caused. Finally, due to the high automation of the present application, manual intervention is reduced, the stability, accuracy and consistency of the hole making work are ensured, and the workload of workers is greatly reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is an isometric view of the ultrasonic automatic hole making and real-time non-destructive testing integrated device.

[0029] Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of the ultrasonic hole making and non-destructive testing assembly, wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is a bottom view, and (c) is a sectional view.

[0030] Wherein, 101-first pillar, 102-second pillar, 103-third pillar, 104-fourth pillar, 201-first rail beam, 202-X direction rack guide rail A, 203-second rail beam, 204-X direction rack guide rail B, 205-X direction sliding beam, 206-Z direction rack guide rail, 207-X direction servo drive motor, 301-Z direction sliding box, 302-Y direction rack guide rail, 303-Z direction servo drive motor, 304-spindle box, 305-Y direction servo drive motor, 306-abrasive nozzle, 400-ultrasonic drilling and non-destructive testing assembly, 401-ultrasonic tool assembly shell, 402-transducer, 403-amplitude horn, 404-drilling tool, 405-wire, 406-spindle clamp, 407-non-destructive testing probe chuck, 408-non-destructive testing probe A, 409-non-destructive testing probe B, 410-non-destructive testing probe C, 411-non-destructive testing probe D, 500-control box, 501-OLED display screen, 502-mode selection button, 503-fine tuning knob, 504-START button, 505-RESET button, 506-EMERGENCY button, 600-workbench. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] A composite material ultrasonic automatic drilling and real-time non-destructive testing integrated device, the integrated device comprising a control system, a mechanical structure and an ultrasonic drilling and non-destructive testing assembly 400, as shown in the accompanying drawings Figure 1 and accompanying Figure 2 drawings.

[0034] The control system comprises a control box 500, an OLED display screen 501, control buttons and a computer terminal. The computer terminal simulates a hole position to be drilled, generates a movement path, performs collision detection, confirms that a tool does not collide with a part to be machined and detected, and then transmits the movement path to the control box 500 for controlling the operation of each component, receiving a nondestructive testing signal and making a judgment, thereby realizing the operation of the integrated equipment. The OLED display screen 501 is arranged on the shell of the control box 500 and is used for assisting in selecting a movement path corresponding to a part to be machined and detected. The control buttons comprise a mode selection button 502, a fine adjustment knob 503, a START button 504, a RESET button 505 and an emergency stop button 506, which are all arranged on the shell of the control box 500. The mode selection button 502 is used for selecting a mode, specifically comprising only drilling, only nondestructive testing and drilling and nondestructive testing. The RESET button 505 is used for returning the main shaft to an initial position. The fine adjustment knob 503 is used for fine adjustment of tool setting. The START button 504 is used for starting machining. The emergency stop button 506 is used for braking in an emergency. Figure 1

[0035] ​The mechanical structure comprises a first support column 101, a second support column 102, a third support column 103, a fourth support column 104, a first track beam 201, an X-direction rack guide rail A 202, a second track beam 203, an X-direction rack guide rail B 204, an X-direction sliding beam 205, a Z-direction rack guide rail 206, an X-direction servo drive motor 207, a Z-direction sliding box 301, a Y-direction rack guide rail 302, a Z-direction servo drive motor 303, a spindle box 304, a Y-direction servo drive motor 305, an abrasive jet pipe 306, and a workbench 600. The first support column 101, the second support column 102, the third support column 103, and the fourth support column 104 are vertically placed in a rectangular diagonal manner, and are responsible for bearing the weight of the entire integrated device. The first track beam 201 is fixedly connected between the top end of the first support column 101 and the top end of the fourth support column 104, and the second track beam 203 is fixedly connected between the top end of the second support column 102 and the top end of the third support column 103. The X-direction rack guide rail A 202 and the X-direction rack guide rail B 204 are fixedly arranged on the upper surfaces of the first track beam 201 and the second track beam 203 respectively, and the extension directions of the two X-direction rack guide rails are the X-direction. The X-direction sliding beam 205 is arranged between the two X-direction rack guide rails and perpendicular to the two X-direction rack guide rails, and the X-direction sliding beam 205 cooperates with the two X-direction rack guide rails. The X-direction servo drive motor 207 is arranged on the X-direction sliding beam 205, and is used to drive the X-direction sliding beam 205 to move in the X-direction on the two X-direction rack guide rails. The Z-direction rack guide rail 206 is arranged on the upper surface of the X-direction sliding beam 205, and the extension direction of the Z-direction rack guide rail 206 is the Z-direction. The Z-direction sliding box 301 is a vertically arranged strip-shaped box body, the X-direction sliding beam 205 provided with the Z-direction rack guide rail 206 passes through the upper part of the Z-direction sliding box 301, and the Z-direction sliding box 301 can move along the Z-direction rack guide rail 206. The Z-direction servo drive motor 303 is arranged on the Z-direction sliding box 301, and is used to drive the Z-direction sliding box 301 to move along the Z-direction rack guide rail 206. The Y-direction rack guide rail 302 is arranged on the side wall of the Z-direction sliding box 301, and the extension direction of the Y-direction rack guide rail 302 is the Y-direction. The spindle box 304 is arranged on the Y-direction rack guide rail 302, and is driven to move up and down along the Y-direction rack guide rail 302 by the Y-direction servo drive motor 305 arranged thereon. The spindle box 304 is internally provided with a spindle drive motor, a Y-direction moving motor, an ultrasonic generator, and an abrasive jet system. The spindle drive motor is used to drive the ultrasonic hole forming and non-destructive testing assembly 400 to perform hole forming machining on a workpiece. The Y-direction moving motor is used to drive the non-destructive testing probe chuck 407 in the ultrasonic hole forming and non-destructive testing assembly 400 to move in the Y-direction. The abrasive jet system sprays the abrasive used for hole forming to a to-be-processed area through the abrasive jet pipe 306. The workbench 600 is arranged at the lower part of the entire integrated device, and is located between the first support column 101, the second support column 102, the third support column 103, and the fourth support column 104, and is used to support and position a to-be-processed and detected part. Figure 1 as shown in the figure.

[0036] The ultrasonic drilling and non-destructive testing assembly 400 comprises an ultrasonic tool assembly, a spindle clamp 406, and a non-destructive testing assembly. The ultrasonic tool assembly comprises an ultrasonic tool assembly shell 401, a transducer 402, a variable amplitude rod 403, a drilling tool 404, and a wire 405. The ultrasonic tool assembly shell 401 encloses the ultrasonic transducer 402. The wire 405 extends from the root of the ultrasonic tool assembly shell 401 and is used to connect the ultrasonic generator and the ultrasonic transducer 402 in the spindle box 304. The head of the ultrasonic transducer 402 is sequentially provided with the variable amplitude rod 403 and the drilling tool 404. The transducer 402 converts the high-frequency alternating current generated by the ultrasonic generator into high-frequency mechanical vibration. The amplitude of the mechanical vibration is amplified by the variable amplitude rod 403 and acts on the drilling tool 404. The spindle clamp 406 clamps the ultrasonic tool assembly shell 401 and is controlled by the spindle drive motor in the spindle box 304. The spindle clamp 406 drives the entire ultrasonic tool assembly to rotate and move along the X, Y, and Z directions at the same time. Finally, the amplified high-frequency mechanical vibration of the drilling tool 404 acts on the abrasive and the surface of the part to be processed and detected, and the drilling and chip removal are completed. The non-destructive testing assembly comprises a non-destructive testing probe chuck 407, a non-destructive testing probe A 408, a non-destructive testing probe B 409, a non-destructive testing probe C 410, and a non-destructive testing probe D 411. The non-destructive testing probe chuck 407 is a hollow cylindrical shell that is sleeved outside the spindle clamp 406 and does not contact the spindle clamp 406. The bottom surface of the non-destructive testing probe chuck 407 has an opening. The variable amplitude rod 403 and the drilling tool 404 pass through the opening. The non-destructive testing probe chuck 407 clamps four non-destructive testing probes, i.e., the non-destructive testing probe A 408, the non-destructive testing probe B 409, the non-destructive testing probe C 410, and the non-destructive testing probe D 411. The four non-destructive testing probes are arranged uniformly around the opening in the bottom surface of the non-destructive testing probe chuck 407 and along the circumference. The upper end of the non-destructive testing probe chuck 407 is connected to the Y-direction moving motor in the spindle box 304, so that the non-destructive testing probe chuck 407 can move up and down along the Y-direction. The contact and separation of the non-destructive testing probe and the surface of the part to be processed and detected are realized. The non-destructive testing probe chuck 407 does not rotate with the spindle drive motor in the spindle box 304 and is completely decoupled from the ultrasonic drilling process. The non-destructive testing probe chuck 407 can realize separate ultrasonic drilling, separate ultrasonic non-destructive testing, and simultaneous drilling and non-destructive testing. As shown in Figure 2 .

[0037] The method for simultaneously drilling and non-destructively testing using the integrated device comprises the following steps:

[0038] Step one: Simulate the hole position to be drilled through the computer terminal, generate a moving path, and after collision detection, transmit the moving path to the control box 500.

[0039] Step two: select the corresponding movement path of the detection part to be processed in the OLED display screen 501 of the control box 500, and select the hole making and non-destructive testing mode through the mode selection button 502;

[0040] Step three: clamp the detection part to be processed on the workbench 600, press the RESET reset button 505 to make the spindle return to the initial position of the movement path, and perform tool setting through the fine adjustment knob 503;

[0041] Step four: press the START start button 504 to start processing; the control system controls the abrasive jet pipe 306 to spray abrasive, controls the movement direction of the ultrasonic tool assembly through the X-direction servo drive motor 207, the Z-direction servo drive motor 303 and the Y-direction servo drive motor 305, the spindle clamp 406 drives the ultrasonic tool assembly to rotate, the ultrasonic generator generates high-frequency alternating current, the transducer 402 converts it into high-frequency mechanical vibration, which is amplified through the amplitude transformer 403 and then transmitted to the hole making tool 404, the hole making tool 404 impacts the abrasive, and the hole making tool 404 impacts the surface of the detection part to be processed at the hole making position to start cutting, the Y-direction servo drive motor 305 drives the spindle box 304 to move, and the hole is made; when the ultrasonic tool assembly starts cutting and making holes, the non-destructive testing probe chuck 407 moves downward along the Y-axis, so that each non-destructive testing probe is pressed against the surface of the detection part to be processed, non-destructive testing is performed, and the measured signal is transmitted back to the control system, which determines whether the signal is abnormal in real time and records it, and displays it on the OLED display screen 501; as the hole making proceeds, the ultrasonic tool assembly moves downward along the Y-axis, the non-destructive testing probe chuck 407 moves upward along the Y-axis relative to the ultrasonic tool assembly, and the pressing force between each non-destructive testing probe and the surface of the detection part to be processed is maintained.

[0042] Step five: after the current hole making is completed, the ultrasonic tool assembly moves upward along the Y-axis, the non-destructive testing probe chuck 407 moves downward along the Y-axis, the control system controls the X and Z direction servo drive motors to find the next hole position, and the step four is repeated to perform subsequent hole making work. If the data measured by the non-destructive testing probe during hole making is abnormal, the control system controls the spindle drive motor to stop rotating, the ultrasonic tool assembly returns to the original position, and a prompt sound is emitted, after rechecking and handling the problem, the subsequent hole making work is continued.

[0043] If an emergency occurs during hole making and non-destructive testing, press the emergency stop button 506 to brake.

[0044] Step six: after the hole making work and non-destructive testing are completed, the integrated equipment stops, the ultrasonic hole making and non-destructive testing assembly 400 returns to the original position, the non-destructive testing information is transmitted back to the computer end, a non-destructive testing report is generated, a prompt sound is emitted, and the work is completed.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] The method for drilling holes using the integrated device in Example 1 includes the following steps:

[0047] Step one: simulate the hole position to be drilled by the computer, generate a movement path, and after collision detection, transmit the movement path to the control box 500;

[0048] Step two: select the movement path corresponding to the part to be processed and detected in the OLED display screen 501 of the control box 500, and select the mode through the mode selection button 502;

[0049] Step three: clamp the part to be processed and detected on the workbench 600, press the RESET reset button 505 to make the spindle return to the initial position of the movement path, and adjust the tool through the fine adjustment knob 503;

[0050] Step four: press the START start button 504 to start processing; the control system controls the abrasive nozzle 306 to spray abrasive, controls the movement direction of the ultrasonic tool assembly through the X-direction servo drive motor 207, the Z-direction servo drive motor 303 and the Y-direction servo drive motor 305, the spindle clamp 406 drives the ultrasonic tool assembly to rotate, the ultrasonic generator generates high-frequency alternating current, the transducer 402 converts it into high-frequency mechanical vibration, which is amplified through the amplitude transformer 403 and transmitted to the hole drilling tool 404, which impacts the abrasive and the surface of the part to be processed and detected at the hole drilling position to start cutting, and the Y-direction servo drive motor 305 drives the spindle box 304 to move to drill the hole.

[0051] Step five: after the current hole is drilled, the ultrasonic tool assembly moves upward along the Y-axis, the non-destructive testing probe chuck 407 moves downward along the Y-axis, the control system controls the X and Z direction servo drive motors to find the next hole position, and repeats step four to perform subsequent hole drilling work.

[0052] If an emergency occurs during the drilling process, press the emergency stop button 506 to brake.

[0053] Step six: after the hole drilling work is completed, the integrated device stops rotating, the ultrasonic hole drilling and non-destructive testing assembly 400 returns to the original position, the non-destructive testing information is transmitted back to the computer, and a non-destructive testing report is generated, a prompt sound is emitted, and the work is completed.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] The method for simultaneously performing non-destructive testing using the integrated device in Example 1 includes the following steps:

[0056] Step one: simulate the hole position to be drilled by the computer, generate a movement path, and after collision detection, transmit the movement path to the control box 500;

[0057] Step two: select the corresponding movement path of the part to be processed in the OLED display screen 501 of the control box 500, and select the mode through the mode selection button 502;

[0058] Step three: clamp the part to be processed on the workbench 600, press the RESET reset button 505 to make the spindle return to the initial position of the movement path, and adjust the tool through the fine adjustment knob 503;

[0059] Step four: the non-destructive testing assembly moves to the hole position to be detected, the Y-direction moving motor in the spindle box 304 controls the non-destructive testing probe chuck 407 to move downward along the Y-axis, so that each non-destructive testing probe is pressed against the surface of the part to be processed for non-destructive testing. The detection signal is transmitted back to the control system to determine whether the signal is abnormal in real time and record it, and at the same time, it is displayed on the OLED display screen 501.

[0060] Step five: after the current hole position detection is completed, the non-destructive testing assembly moves to the next hole position, and step four is repeated to complete the subsequent non-destructive testing.

[0061] If an emergency occurs during the non-destructive testing process, press the emergency stop button 506 to brake.

[0062] Step six: after the non-destructive testing is completed, the integrated equipment stops, the ultrasonic hole forming and non-destructive testing assembly 400 returns to the original position, the non-destructive testing information is transmitted back to the computer, and a non-destructive testing report is generated. A prompt sound is issued to indicate that the work is completed.

[0063] The above-described embodiments only express the implementation of the present application, but cannot be interpreted as a limitation on the scope of the patent of the present application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are all within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A composite material ultrasonic automatic hole drilling and real-time nondestructive testing integrated device, characterized in that, The integrated equipment includes a control system, a mechanical structure, and an ultrasonic drilling and non-destructive testing component (400). The control system includes a control box (500), an OLED display screen (501), control buttons, and a computer. The computer simulates the hole positions to be drilled, generates a movement path, performs collision detection, and transmits the movement path to the control box (500) to control the operation of the integrated equipment. The OLED display screen (501) is mounted on the outer shell of the control box (500) and is used to assist in selecting the movement path of the corresponding part to be processed and inspected. The control buttons are mounted on the outer shell of the control box (500) and are used to select the mode, tool setting, reset, start processing, and emergency stop. The modes include drilling only, non-destructive testing only, and drilling and non-destructive testing. The mechanical structure comprises a first support column (101), a second support column (102), a third support column (103), a fourth support column (104), a first track beam (201), an X-direction rack guide rail A (202), a second track beam (203), an X-direction rack guide rail B (204), an X-direction sliding beam (205), a Z-direction rack guide rail (206), an X-direction servo drive motor (207), a Z-direction sliding box (301), a Y-direction rack guide rail (302), a Z-direction servo drive motor (303), a spindle box (304), a Y-direction servo drive motor (305), an abrasive nozzle (306), and a workbench (600); the first support column (101), the second support column (102), the third support column (103), and the fourth support column (104) are vertically placed in a rectangular diagonal manner, and are responsible for bearing the weight of the entire integrated device; the first track beam (201) is fixedly connected between the top end of the first support column (101) and the top end of the fourth support column (104); the second track beam (203) is fixedly connected between the top end of the second support column (102) and the top end of the third support column (103); the X-direction rack guide rail A (202) and the X-direction rack guide rail B (204) are fixedly arranged on the upper surfaces of the first track beam (201) and the second track beam (203) respectively; the X-direction sliding beam (205) is arranged between and perpendicular to the two X-direction rack guide rails, and cooperates with the two X-direction rack guide rails; the X-direction servo drive motor (207) is arranged on the X-direction sliding beam (205) and is used to drive the X-direction sliding beam (205) to move along the X-direction on the two X-direction rack guide rails; the Z-direction rack guide rail (206) is arranged on the upper surface of the X-direction sliding beam (205); the Z-direction sliding box (301) is a vertically arranged strip-shaped box body, the X-direction sliding beam (205) provided with the Z-direction rack guide rail (206) passes through the upper portion of the Z-direction sliding box (301), and the Z-direction sliding box (301) can move along the Z-direction rack guide rail (206); the Z-direction servo drive motor (303) is arranged on the Z-direction sliding box (301) and is used to drive the Z-direction sliding box (301) to move along the Z-direction rack guide rail (206); the Y-direction rack guide rail (302) is arranged on the side wall of the Z-direction sliding box (301); the spindle box (304) is arranged on the Y-direction rack guide rail (302) and is driven to move up and down along the Y-direction rack guide rail (302) by the Y-direction servo drive motor (305) arranged thereon; the spindle box (304) is internally provided with a spindle drive motor, a Y-direction moving motor, an ultrasonic generator, and an abrasive injection system, wherein the spindle drive motor is used to drive the ultrasonic hole forming and nondestructive testing assembly (400) to perform hole forming machining on a workpiece, the Y-direction moving motor is used to drive a nondestructive testing probe chuck (407) in the ultrasonic hole forming and nondestructive testing assembly (400) to move along the Y-direction, and the abrasive injection system sprays the abrasive used for hole forming to a machining area through the abrasive nozzle (306).The workbench (600) is arranged at the lower part of the integrated device and between the first support column (101), the second support column (102), the third support column (103) and the fourth support column (104), and is used for supporting and positioning a part to be processed and detected. The ultrasonic drilling and non-destructive testing assembly (400) includes an ultrasonic tool assembly, a spindle clamp (406), and a non-destructive testing assembly. The ultrasonic tool assembly is connected to an ultrasonic generator in the spindle box (304), converting the high-frequency alternating current generated by the ultrasonic generator into high-frequency mechanical vibration and amplifying the amplitude of the mechanical vibration. The spindle clamp (406) holds the ultrasonic tool assembly, which is controlled by a spindle drive motor in the spindle box (304). The motor drives the entire ultrasonic tool assembly to rotate while moving along the X, Y, and Z directions with the mechanical mechanism, ultimately applying the amplified high-frequency mechanical vibration to the abrasive and the surface of the workpiece to be processed and tested, thus completing the drilling and chip removal. The non-destructive testing assembly includes a non-destructive testing probe chuck (407) and multiple non-destructive testing probes. The non-destructive testing probe chuck (407) is a hollow cylinder. The housing is fitted around the outside of the spindle clamp (406) without contact between them. The bottom center of the non-destructive testing probe chuck (407) has an opening through which the head of the ultrasonic tool assembly passes. The bottom of the non-destructive testing probe chuck (407) holds multiple non-destructive testing probes. The non-destructive testing probes are arranged around the opening on the bottom of the non-destructive testing probe chuck (407). The upper end of the non-destructive testing probe chuck (407) is connected to the Y-axis moving motor in the spindle box (304), which moves it up and down along the Y-axis to achieve contact and separation between the non-destructive testing probe and the surface of the part to be processed and tested. The non-destructive testing probe chuck (407) does not rotate with the spindle drive motor in the spindle box (304), and is completely decoupled from the ultrasonic hole-making process. It can realize separate ultrasonic hole-making, separate ultrasonic non-destructive testing, and simultaneous hole-making and non-destructive testing.

2. The composite material ultrasonic automatic hole drilling and real-time nondestructive testing integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control buttons include a mode selection button (502), a fine-tuning knob (503), a START button (504), a RESET button (505), and an emergency stop button (506), all of which are located on the outer casing of the control box (500). The mode selection button (502) is used to select the mode, the RESET button (505) is used to return the spindle to its initial position, the fine-tuning knob (503) is used to fine-tune the tool setting, the START button (504) is used to start machining, and the emergency stop button (506) is used to brake in an emergency.

3. The composite material ultrasonic automatic hole drilling and real-time nondestructive testing integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic tool assembly includes an ultrasonic tool assembly housing (401), a transducer (402), an amplitude transformer (403), a drilling tool (404), and a wire (405). The ultrasonic tool assembly housing (401) encloses the ultrasonic transducer (402). The wire (405) extends from the root of the ultrasonic tool assembly housing (401) and is used to connect the ultrasonic generator in the spindle box (304) to the ultrasonic transducer (402). The head of the ultrasonic transducer (402) is provided with an amplitude transformer (403) and a drilling tool (404) in sequence. The transducer (402) converts the high-frequency alternating current generated by the ultrasonic generator into high-frequency mechanical vibration. The amplitude transformer (403) amplifies the amplitude of the mechanical vibration and acts on the drilling tool (404).

4. The composite material ultrasonic automatic hole drilling and real-time nondestructive testing integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The non-destructive testing probes include non-destructive testing probe A (408), non-destructive testing probe B (409), non-destructive testing probe C (410), and non-destructive testing probe D (411). The four non-destructive testing probes are arranged evenly around the bottom surface of the non-destructive testing probe chuck (407).

5. The method of using the integrated ultrasonic automatic drilling and real-time non-destructive testing equipment for composite materials according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The method of use includes the following steps: Step 1: Simulate the hole position to be drilled on the computer, generate the movement path, perform collision detection, and then transmit the movement path to the control box (500). Step 2: Select the movement path corresponding to the part to be processed and inspected on the OLED display (501) on the control box (500), and select the mode; Step 3: Clamp the part to be processed and inspected on the worktable (600), control the ultrasonic drilling and non-destructive testing component (400) to return to the initial position of the moving path and set the tool; Step 4: In hole-only or hole-making and non-destructive testing mode, machining begins. The control system controls the abrasive nozzle (306) to spray abrasive. The X-axis servo drive motor (207), Z-axis servo drive motor (303), and Y-axis servo drive motor (305) control the movement direction of the ultrasonic tool assembly. The spindle fixture (406) drives the ultrasonic tool assembly to rotate. The ultrasonic generator emits a high-frequency alternating current, which the ultrasonic tool assembly converts into high-frequency mechanical vibration. After amplification, the vibration impacts the abrasive and together they impact the surface of the part to be machined and tested at the hole location to begin cutting. The Y-axis servo drive motor (305) drives the spindle box (304) to move, thus... Hole making; In the hole making and non-destructive testing mode, when the ultrasonic tool assembly starts cutting the hole, the non-destructive testing probe chuck (407) moves downward along the Y-axis, so that each non-destructive testing probe is pressed against the surface of the part to be processed and tested, and non-destructive testing is performed. The measured signal is transmitted back to the control system. The control system determines whether the signal is abnormal in real time and records it, and displays it on the OLED display screen (501). As the hole making proceeds, the ultrasonic tool assembly moves downward along the Y-axis, and the non-destructive testing probe chuck (407) moves upward along the Y-axis relative to the ultrasonic tool assembly, and maintains the clamping force between each non-destructive testing probe and the surface of the part to be processed and tested. In the non-destructive testing mode only, the non-destructive testing components move to the hole to be tested, and the Y-axis moving motor in the spindle box (304) controls the non-destructive testing probe chuck (407) to move downward along the Y axis, so that each non-destructive testing probe is pressed against the surface of the part to be tested for non-destructive testing. The test signal is transmitted back to the control system to determine whether the signal is abnormal in real time and record it, and at the same time it is displayed on the OLED display screen (501). Step 5: In hole-only or hole-making and non-destructive testing modes, after the current hole is made, the ultrasonic tool assembly moves upward along the Y-axis, and the non-destructive testing probe chuck (407) moves downward along the Y-axis. The control system controls the X and Z servo drive motors to find the next hole position and repeats Step 4 to perform subsequent hole-making work. In hole-making and non-destructive testing mode, if there is an abnormality in the data measured by the non-destructive testing probe during the hole-making process, the control system controls the spindle drive motor to stop, the ultrasonic tool assembly returns to the origin, and at the same time issues a prompt sound. After re-inspection and handling of the problem, the subsequent hole-making work continues. In non-destructive testing mode only, after the current hole position is inspected, the non-destructive testing component moves to the next hole position and repeats step four to complete the subsequent non-destructive testing. Step Six: After the hole-making or non-destructive testing is completed, the integrated equipment stops, the ultrasonic hole-making and non-destructive testing component (400) returns to its origin, transmits the non-destructive testing information back to the computer, generates a non-destructive testing report, and issues a prompt sound to indicate that the work is complete.

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