Marine survival suit

Abstract

The application discloses a marine lifesaving suit, which comprises a lifesaving suit body with functions of inflation and heating, the lifesaving suit body comprises a hydrophobic outer layer and a skin-friendly and breathable inner layer; the hydrophobic outer layer is composed of a waterproof cloth with micro-nano particles deposited on the outer surface, the micro-nano particles have a core-shell structure with different axes, wherein the core layer is composed of a jellyfish repellent, the shell layer is composed of an adhesive, the jellyfish repellent is elemental sulfur or a mixture of elemental sulfur and lanthanum chloride, and the shell layer covers 10-60% of the peripheral surface area of the core layer. Experimental results show that the micro-nano particles can significantly inhibit the emission of jellyfish nematocysts and have a repellent function of protecting against jellyfish stings, so that the marine lifesaving suit can solve the problems of cold water frostbite, drowning in seawater and jellyfish stings that may be suffered by personnel immersed in seawater, and has significant application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a marine life suit and belongs to the field of marine drowning rescue technology. Background Technology

[0002] Because accidents involving people falling into the water are inevitable during maritime operations or combat, once someone falls into the water, they are not only threatened with various fatal injuries such as frostbite caused by seawater immersion and drowning, but also with jellyfish stings.

[0003] While existing technologies have reported solutions for marine rescue clothing that addresses frostbite and drowning in low-temperature seawater—for example, Chinese utility model patent application number 201520812231.2 discloses an inflatable, warm life jacket that, by incorporating an air cushion and an electric heating device within the garment, can meet the needs of prolonged waiting for rescue, thus improving the survival rate of those in distress; and Chinese utility model patent application number 201621252646.X discloses a floating life suit for marine operations, which, by incorporating an inflatable air cushion layer within the garment and a heating layer on the inner surface, not only meets the warmth needs of personnel immersed in seawater but also allows them to float on the surface while awaiting rescue in dangerous situations by inflating the air cushion layer, thereby preventing accidents—no reports have yet emerged regarding technologies and related clothing products that can protect against jellyfish stings.

[0004] Furthermore, current research indicates that jellyfish nematocysts consist of three parts: a cyst wall, hollow nematocysts, and receptors. When at rest, the nematocysts are upside down inside the cyst. However, once stimulated, the nematocysts launch barbed nematocysts at high speed, which then enter the bodies of humans or animals in the ocean. This nematocyst launch is the process of releasing jellyfish venom, which is the essence of jellyfish stings. The nematocyst launch process is not under neural control but is influenced by various external physical and chemical factors, with each nematocyst launching its nematocysts independently. Inhibiting nematocyst launch through exogenous means can effectively protect against jellyfish attacks. Therefore, developing a technology to inhibit jellyfish nematocyst launch would be the safest and most effective fundamental protective measure against jellyfish stings. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned problems and needs of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a marine life suit that can not only realize inflation and heating and warmth preservation functions, but also prevent jellyfish stings at the same time, so as to solve the dangerous problems that people immersed in seawater may suffer from low temperature seawater frostbite, seawater drowning and jellyfish stings.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following specific technical solution:

[0007] A marine life suit includes a life suit body with inflation and heating functions, the life suit body comprising a hydrophobic outer layer and a skin-friendly and breathable inner layer; characterized in that: the hydrophobic outer layer is composed of a waterproof fabric with micro-nano particles deposited on its outer surface, the micro-nano particles having a core-shell structure with different axes, wherein: the core layer is composed of a jellyfish repellent, the shell layer is composed of an adhesive, and the jellyfish repellent is elemental sulfur or a mixture of elemental sulfur and lanthanum chloride, the shell layer covering 10-60% of the outer peripheral surface area of ​​the core layer.

[0008] In one embodiment, the life jacket body includes an upper body and trousers. The upper body includes a front placket, a back panel, and sleeves. An air cushion and an electric heating element are fixed between the hydrophobic outer layer and the skin-friendly and breathable inner layer located in the front placket, back panel, sleeves, and trousers. The inflation and deflation valves of all air cushions are embedded on the outer surface of the corresponding hydrophobic outer layer. The power cords of all electric heating elements are electrically connected to a power source fixed on the life jacket body.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the inflatable pad is coated with an insulating and heat-insulating adhesive layer on its outer surface near the heating element.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the inflatable volume of the inflatable pad located in the upper garment is greater than that of the inflatable pad located in the trousers, and the inflatable volume of the inflatable pad located in the front is greater than that of the inflatable pad located in the back.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the inflation / deflation valve is an automatic inflation / deflation valve.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the heating element is a graphene heating film, and the heating element is fixedly connected to the back of the skin-friendly and breathable inner layer at the corresponding position through an insulating and thermally conductive adhesive layer.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the upper garment and the trousers are a one-piece structure, the front placket has a waterproof zipper in the middle, and the cuffs and collar are secured with drawstrings.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the jellyfish repellent is a mixture of elemental sulfur and lanthanum chloride in a mass ratio of 5:1.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the adhesive is thermoplastic polyurethane.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the particle size of the micro / nano particles is between 500 nanometers and 2 micrometers.

[0017] In one embodiment, the micro / nanoparticles are prepared using a high-voltage electrostatic spraying method.

[0018] One embodiment of the preparation process for depositing micro / nano particles on the surface of a waterproof fabric includes the following specific steps:

[0019] ①Preparation of electrospray working fluid

[0020] Weigh sublimed sulfur (S) or sublimed sulfur (S) and lanthanum chloride (LaCl3), dissolve them in carbon disulfide (CS2) solvent, and prepare the core layer electrospray working fluid;

[0021] Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) was weighed and dissolved in a mixed solvent of tetrahydrofuran and N,N-dimethylformamide in a volume ratio of 1:1 to prepare the shell electrospray working fluid.

[0022] ② Add the prepared core layer electrospray working fluid to the core layer fluid injector, then install the core layer fluid injector onto the core layer fluid injection pump, and connect the outlet of the core layer fluid injector to the inlet of the core layer fluid output capillary through a hose; similarly, add the prepared shell layer electrospray working fluid to the shell layer fluid injector, then install the shell layer fluid injector onto the shell layer fluid injection pump, and connect the outlet of the shell layer fluid injector to the inlet of the shell layer fluid output capillary through a hose;

[0023] ③ Connect the high-voltage generator to the electric spray nozzle, place the receiving plate directly below the electric spray nozzle, and lay the waterproof cloth flat on the receiving plate. The receiving plate is a cardboard wrapped with aluminum foil, and the receiving plate is grounded.

[0024] ④ The parameters of the high-voltage electrostatic spray are controlled as follows: voltage 10±1kV, distance between the receiving plate and the spray nozzle 10±1cm, ambient temperature 23±3℃, ambient relative humidity 50±10%, flow rate of the core layer electrospray working fluid 1mL / h, and flow rate of the shell layer electrospray working fluid 2mL / h. Then, the core layer fluid injection pump, the shell layer fluid injection pump and the high-voltage generator are started. Electrospraying causes the formation of micro-nano particles and their deposition on the surface of the waterproof cloth laid on the receiving plate, thus obtaining a waterproof cloth with micro-nano particles deposited on the outer surface.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the concentration of sulfur in the core layer electrospray working fluid is 5% to 10%, and the concentration of lanthanum chloride is 0.01% to 1.0%, wherein the concentration is expressed in g / mL.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the core layer electrospray working fluid is a mixed carbon disulfide solution formed by 5% sulfur and 1% lanthanum chloride, wherein the concentration is expressed in g / mL.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the concentration of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) in the shell electrospray working fluid is 1% to 5%, and the concentration is expressed in g / mL.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the electro-spray nozzle is composed of a shell fluid output capillary and a core fluid output capillary. The shell fluid output capillary is a vertical tube, and the core fluid output capillary is a curved tube composed of a vertical section and a curved section. The outer diameter of the vertical section is smaller than the inner diameter of the shell fluid output capillary. The vertical section passes through the shell fluid output capillary, and the curved section exits from the side of the shell fluid output capillary. Furthermore, the outer side wall of the vertical section is in close contact with the inner side wall of the shell fluid output capillary.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the inner angle formed by the curved section and the vertical section of the core fluid output capillary is greater than or equal to 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees.

[0030] In one embodiment, the connection between the core fluid output capillary and the shell fluid output capillary is sealed with epoxy resin.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0032] Because the hydrophobic outer layer of the marine life suit described in this invention is composed of a waterproof fabric with micro-nano particles deposited on its outer surface, and experiments have shown that the micro-nano particles described in this invention can significantly inhibit the emission of jellyfish nematocysts and have a repellent function to protect against jellyfish stings, the marine life suit described in this invention, while having inflation and heating functions, also achieves a repellent function to protect against jellyfish stings. It can simultaneously solve the dangers of low-temperature seawater frostbite, seawater drowning, and jellyfish stings that people immersed in seawater may suffer, and has important value for marine life rescue. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a marine life suit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the layered material structure of the marine life suit described in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the microstructure of the micro / nano particles described in this invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram (A) of the high-voltage electrostatic spraying device provided by the present invention and a state diagram (B) of it during electrostatic spraying;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a photograph of the electro-spray nozzle in the high-voltage electrostatic spray device described in this invention.

[0038] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of part A in the middle;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the outer surface of the hydrophobic outer layer prepared in Example 1;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a particle size distribution diagram of the micro / nanoparticles prepared in Example 1;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the outer surface of the hydrophobic outer layer prepared in Example 2;

[0042] Figure 10 This is a particle size distribution diagram of the micro / nanoparticles prepared in Example 2;

[0043] Figure 11 These are photomicrographs of the nematocysts in each experimental group before and after stimulation. Specifically: A is a photomicrograph of artificial seawater (blank control group) before stimulation; B is a photomicrograph of artificial seawater (blank control group) after stimulation; C is a photomicrograph of the artificial seawater soaking solution containing the hydrophobic outer layer prepared in Example 1 before stimulation; D is a photomicrograph of the artificial seawater soaking solution containing the hydrophobic outer layer prepared in Example 1 after stimulation; E is a photomicrograph of the artificial seawater soaking solution containing the hydrophobic outer layer prepared in Example 2 before stimulation; and F is a photomicrograph of the artificial seawater soaking solution containing the hydrophobic outer layer prepared in Example 2 after stimulation. The scale bar in the figures is 50 μm.

[0044] Figure 12 These are photographs illustrating the hydrophobic properties of the hydrophobic outer layer prepared according to the embodiments of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 13 This demonstrates the washability of the hydrophobic outer layer prepared in Example 1;

[0046] Figure 14 This demonstrates the washability of the hydrophobic outer layer prepared in Example 2.

[0047] The labels in the diagram are as follows:

[0048] 1. Top body; 1-1. Front placket; 1-2. Back; 1-3. Sleeves; 1-31. Cuffs; 1-4. Collar; 2. Trousers; 3. Waterproof zipper;

[0049] a. Hydrophobic outer layer; a-1. Micro / nano particles; a-11. Core layer; a-12. Shell layer; a-2. Waterproof fabric; b. Skin-friendly and breathable inner layer; c. Inflatable cushion; d. Heating element; e. Insulating and heat-insulating adhesive layer; f. Insulating and thermally conductive adhesive layer; g. Inflation and deflation valve;

[0050] 01. Core fluid injector; 02. Core fluid injection pump; 03. Shell fluid injector; 04. Shell fluid injection pump; 05. Electrospray nozzle; 05-1. Shell fluid output capillary; 05-11. Inlet of shell fluid output capillary; 05-2. Core fluid output capillary; 05-21. Vertical section; 05-22. Bent section; 05-23. Inlet of core fluid output capillary; θ, the internal angle formed by the bent section 05-22 and the vertical section 05-21; 05-3. Meniscus cavity; 06. Receiving plate; 07. Tube. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Experimental methods in the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, are generally performed under conventional conditions or as recommended by the manufacturer.

[0052] Example

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a marine life suit, including a life suit body with inflation and heating functions. The life suit body includes an upper body 1 and trousers 2. The upper body 1 includes a front placket 1-1, a back panel 1-2, and sleeves 1-3. In this embodiment, the upper body 1 and trousers 2 are a one-piece structure. A waterproof zipper 3 is provided in the middle of the front placket 1-1, and the cuffs 1-31 and collar 1-4 adopt a drawstring locking structure (the drawstring locking structure is prior art and will not be described in detail here). This design facilitates comprehensive protection.

[0054] like Figure 2 As shown, the life jacket body in this embodiment includes a hydrophobic outer layer a and a skin-friendly breathable inner layer b. An air cushion c and a heating element d are respectively fixed between the hydrophobic outer layer a and the skin-friendly breathable inner layer b at the front placket 1-1, back 1-2, sleeves 1-3, and trousers 2. The air cushion c has an insulating and heat-insulating adhesive layer e coated on its outer surface near the heating element d. The heating element d is fixedly connected to the back of the corresponding skin-friendly breathable inner layer b through an insulating and heat-conducting adhesive layer f. The inflation / deflation valve g (preferably an automatic inflation / deflation valve, such as the automatic inflation / deflation valve used in self-inflating mattresses) of all air cushions c is embedded on the outer surface of the corresponding hydrophobic outer layer a (see [reference]). Figure 1(As shown); In particular, to facilitate inflation and deflation operations, the inflation pads c located at the front flap 1-1 and back 1-2 adopt a horizontally connected integral structure, and the inflation pads c located at the sleeves 1-3 and trousers 2 all adopt a horizontally wrapped fixed structure, so that the inflation and deflation valves g of the inflation pads c are all located on the front of the life jacket body; the power cords (not shown in the figure) of all heating elements d are electrically connected to the power source (not shown in the figure) fixed on the life jacket body. Since the inflation pads and the electric heating technology for the clothing are known and mature technologies, and are not the inventive points of this invention, they will not be described in detail here.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment, the inflatable volume of the air cushion c located in the upper body 1 is greater than that of the air cushion c located in the trouser body 2, and the inflatable volume of the air cushion c located in the front flap 1-1 is greater than that of the air cushion located in the back 1-2. This design ensures that the buoyancy generated by the life jacket body is greater above than below, and the buoyancy generated in the chest area is greater than that generated in the back area, which helps the drowning victim maintain a head-up, body-leaning-back, and face-up position, thus enhancing safety.

[0056] The skin-friendly and breathable inner layer b, the inflatable pad c, the heating element d, the insulating and heat-insulating adhesive, and the insulating and thermally conductive adhesive described in this invention all use existing materials. The heating element d is preferably a graphene heating film, but this invention does not specifically limit its application. The substantial difference between this invention and existing technologies lies in the fact that the hydrophobic outer layer a is composed of a waterproof fabric a-2 with micro / nano particles a-1 deposited on its outer surface. The micro / nano particles a-1 have a core-shell structure with different axes (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 3 As shown in the diagram, the core layer a-11 is composed of a jellyfish repellent, and the shell layer a-12 is composed of an adhesive. The jellyfish repellent is elemental sulfur or a mixture of elemental sulfur and lanthanum chloride. The shell layer a-12 covers 10-60% of the outer surface area of ​​the core layer a-11. This partial coverage has the advantage of ensuring the adhesion between the micro / nano particles and the waterproof fabric without affecting the repellency effect of the jellyfish repellent.

[0057] The hydrophobic outer layer a described in this invention is prepared using a high-voltage electrostatic spraying device. For the specific structure of the high-voltage electrostatic spraying device, please refer to [the relevant documentation / reference]. Figures 4 to 6As shown: Includes a core fluid injector 01, a core fluid injection pump 02, a shell fluid injector 03, a shell fluid injection pump 04, an electrospray nozzle 05, and a receiving plate 06. The electrospray nozzle 05 consists of a shell fluid output capillary 05-1 and a core fluid output capillary 05-2. The shell fluid output capillary 05-1 is a vertical tube, and the core fluid output capillary 05-2 is a curved tube composed of a vertical section 05-21 and a curved section 05-22. The outer diameter of the vertical section 05-21 is smaller than the inner diameter of the shell fluid output capillary 05-1. The vertical section 05-21 passes inside the shell fluid output capillary 05-1, and the curved section 05-22 exits from the side of the shell fluid output capillary 05-1. Furthermore, the outer side wall of the vertical section 05-21 is in close contact with the inner side wall of the shell fluid output capillary 05-1.

[0058] The different core-shell structure of the micro / nano particles a-1 described in this invention is formed by the special structure of the electrospray nozzle 05, because the core fluid output capillary 05-2 and the shell fluid output capillary 05-1 are designed with different axes. Furthermore, by adjusting the outer diameter of the vertical section 05-21 of the core fluid output capillary 05-2, the size of the meniscus 05-3 formed between the outer wall of the vertical section 05-21 and the inner wall of the shell fluid output capillary 05-1 can be adjusted, thereby achieving the adjustment of the coverage ratio of the shell layer a-12 on the outer peripheral surface area of ​​the core layer a-11.

[0059] As a preferred option:

[0060] The inner angle θ formed by the curved section 05-22 and the vertical section 05-21 of the core fluid output capillary 05-2 is greater than or equal to 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees, which is conducive to the smooth ejection of the core fluid; the connection between the core fluid output capillary 05-2 and the shell fluid output capillary 05-1 is sealed with epoxy resin.

[0061] The method for preparing the hydrophobic outer layer of the present invention using the above-mentioned high-voltage electrostatic spraying device specifically includes the following steps:

[0062] ①Preparation of electrospray working fluid

[0063] Weigh 1.0 g of sublimed sulfur (commercially available) and dissolve it in 10 mL of carbon disulfide (CS2) solvent (commercially available) to prepare a carbon disulfide solution with a sulfur concentration of 10% as the working fluid for core layer electrospraying.

[0064] Weigh 0.3g of TPU (model 1185a, molecular weight 1×10⁻⁶). 5 g·mol -1(Produced by BASF, Germany) was dissolved in 10 mL of a mixed solvent of tetrahydrofuran and N,N-dimethylformamide in a volume ratio of 1:1 to prepare a 3% TPU solution as the shell electrospray working fluid.

[0065] ② Add the prepared core layer electrospray working fluid to the core layer fluid injector 01, then install the core layer fluid injector 01 onto the core layer fluid injection pump 02, and connect the outlet of the core layer fluid injector 01 to the inlet 05-23 of the core layer fluid output capillary via hose 07; similarly, add the prepared shell layer electrospray working fluid to the shell layer fluid injector 03, then install the shell layer fluid injector 03 onto the shell layer fluid injection pump 04, and connect the outlet of the shell layer fluid injector 03 to the inlet 05-11 of the shell layer fluid output capillary via hose 07 (please refer to...). Figure 4 and Figure 5 (as shown);

[0066] ③ Connect the high-voltage generator (not shown in the figure) to the electrospray nozzle 05, place the receiving plate 06 directly below the electrospray nozzle 05, and lay the waterproof cloth a-2 (waterproof polyester cloth is used in this embodiment) flat on the receiving plate 06. The receiving plate 06 is a cardboard wrapped with aluminum foil, and the receiving plate 06 is grounded (see [reference]). Figure 4 (as shown);

[0067] ④ The parameters of the high-voltage electrostatic spraying are controlled as follows: voltage 10kV, distance between the receiving plate and the spray nozzle 10cm, ambient temperature 23℃, ambient relative humidity 50%, core layer electrospray working fluid flow rate 1mL / h, and shell layer electrospray working fluid flow rate 2mL / h. Then, the core layer fluid injection pump 02, the shell layer fluid injection pump 04, and the high-voltage generator are started. Electrospraying causes micro-nano particles a-1 with different core-shell structures to be formed and deposited on the surface of the waterproof cloth a-2 laid on the receiving plate. Finally, the waterproof cloth a-2 with deposited micro-nano particles a-1 is placed in a 40℃ oven for vacuum drying for 72 hours to remove the solvent, thus forming the hydrophobic outer layer described in this invention.

[0068] Figure 7 This is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the outer surface of the hydrophobic outer layer prepared in this embodiment. Figure 7 As shown, relatively uniform micro- and nano-particles are uniformly adhered to the surface of the hydrophobic outer layer of the fiber, and there are gaps between the particles.

[0069] Figure 8 This is a particle size distribution diagram of the hydrophobic outer surface micro / nanoparticles prepared in this embodiment. Figure 8As shown, the particle size of the micro-nano particles prepared in this embodiment is 1.142±0.486μm, and the particle size of the micro-nano particles is between 500 nanometers and 2 micrometers.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] The only difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the core layer electrospray working fluid is a mixed carbon disulfide solution with a sulfur concentration of 5% and a lanthanum chloride concentration of 1%. It is prepared by weighing 0.5g of sublimed sulfur (commercially available) and 0.1g of lanthanum chloride (LaCl3, commercially available) and dissolving them in 10mL of carbon disulfide (CS2) solvent (commercially available). The jellyfish repellent is a mixture of elemental sulfur and lanthanum chloride in a mass ratio of 5:1. All other contents are the same as described in Embodiment 1.

[0072] Figure 9 This is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the outer surface of the hydrophobic outer layer prepared in this embodiment. Figure 9 As shown, relatively uniform micro- and nano-particles are uniformly adhered to the surface of the hydrophobic outer layer of the fiber, and there are gaps between the particles.

[0073] Figure 10 This is a particle size distribution diagram of the hydrophobic outer surface micro / nanoparticles prepared in this embodiment. Figure 10 As shown, the particle size of the micro-nano particles prepared in this embodiment is 1.133±0.433μm, and the particle size is between 500 nanometers and 2 micrometers.

[0074] I. Experiments on the inhibitory effect of the hydrophobic outer layer prepared in this invention on the emission of jellyfish nematocysts:

[0075] 1. Preparation of freeze-dried samples of unlaunched jellyfish nematocysts

[0076] ① Take out the frozen jellyfish tentacles, add an equal amount of artificial seawater, and autolyze at 4℃ for 4 days. Then, sieve the sample twice, centrifuge the filtrate at 4℃ and 2000×g for 3 minutes, and then re-dissolve the precipitate with artificial seawater.

[0077] ② Prepare Percoll cell separation solutions with concentrations of 0%, 50%, 70%, and 90% using artificial seawater, and lay the tubes in descending order of concentration. Then mix the reconstituted sample obtained in step ① with the 60% Percoll cell separation solution at a volume ratio of 1:1, and then spread it evenly on top of the medium.

[0078] ③ Using a horizontal rotor, centrifuge at 1000×g for 20 min at 4℃. Based on the color and turbidity of the separation system, remove the tissue cell fragments and emitted nematocysts from the upper part. Centrifuge the remaining nematocyst suspension at 10000×g for 20 min at 4℃. Then wash once with artificial seawater and centrifuge at 10000×g for 20 min at 4℃. Freeze-dry the resulting precipitate to obtain the freeze-dried sample of unemitted jellyfish nematocysts.

[0079] 2. Inhibition Experiment

[0080] Cut the hydrophobic outer layer (2*2cm) obtained in Example 1, put it into the first beaker, then add 5mL of artificial seawater, and soak it at room temperature for 1 hour to obtain the soaking solution of Example 1;

[0081] Cut the hydrophobic outer layer (2*2cm) obtained in Example 2, put it into the second beaker, then add 5mL of artificial seawater, and soak it at room temperature for 1 hour to obtain the soaking solution of Example 2;

[0082] Take 1.5 mg of lyophilized jellyfish nematocysts that have not been emitted and place them in a 1.5 mL centrifuge tube. Add artificial seawater at 4 °C to make up the volume and then place the tube in a 25 °C water bath and shake for 10 min to obtain a nematocyst suspension.

[0083] The obtained nematocyst suspension was divided equally into three centrifuge tubes. One centrifuge tube contained the nematocyst suspension as a blank control solution. 2.5 mL of the soaking solution from Example 1 was added to the nematocyst suspension in another centrifuge tube, and 2.5 mL of the soaking solution from Example 2 was added to the nematocyst suspension in the remaining centrifuge tube. Then, all three centrifuge tubes were placed in a water bath at 25°C and shaken for 10 min.

[0084] Take three slides in parallel for each solution, add 20 μL of solution to each slide, cover with a coverslip, and observe under a microscope the total number of nematocysts on each slide and the number of emitted nematocysts before the stimulation is applied.

[0085] Then, a 5-gram weight was placed on each coverslip to apply pressure to the nematocysts. After applying pressure for 5 minutes, the number of nematocysts emitted on each slide after the stimulation was observed under a microscope.

[0086] Finally, the discharged nematocytic ratio of the jellyfish nematocysts in each experimental solution was calculated:

[0087] Splinter sac firing rate = number of fired splinters / total number of splinters × 100%;

[0088] To reduce subjective errors in counting, Photoshop software was used for counting and statistics.

[0089] The experimental results are shown in Table 1:

[0090] Table 1. Emission rate of nematocysts before and after stimulation in each experimental group.

[0091]

[0092] Figure 11 These are photomicrographs of the nematocysts in each experimental group before and after stimulation. Among them: A is a photomicrograph of artificial seawater (blank control group) before stimulation; B is a photomicrograph of artificial seawater (blank control group) after stimulation; C is a photomicrograph of the artificial seawater soaking solution with the hydrophobic outer layer prepared in Example 1 before stimulation; D is a photomicrograph of the artificial seawater soaking solution with the hydrophobic outer layer prepared in Example 1 after stimulation; E is a photomicrograph of the artificial seawater soaking solution with the hydrophobic outer layer prepared in Example 2 before stimulation; and F is a photomicrograph of the artificial seawater soaking solution with the hydrophobic outer layer prepared in Example 2 after stimulation.

[0093] Combining Table 1 and Figure 11 It is evident that the hydrophobic outer layer prepared by this invention can significantly inhibit the emission of jellyfish nematocysts and has a repellent and protective effect against jellyfish stings in seawater.

[0094] II. Experiments on the hydrophobic properties of the hydrophobic outer layer prepared in this invention

[0095] Tap water, milk, coffee, and seawater were respectively added to the hydrophobic outer layers prepared in Examples 1 and 2. Experiments showed that all the droplets maintained a spherical shape on the hydrophobic outer layers prepared in Examples 1 and 2 (see details). Figure 12 As shown in the figure, this illustrates that the hydrophobic outer layer prepared by the present invention has excellent hydrophobic properties.

[0096] III. Experiments on the repeated washing resistance of the hydrophobic outer layer prepared in this invention

[0097] 1) Cut the hydrophobic outer layers (5*5cm) obtained in Examples 1 and 2 respectively, and place them in a beaker. Then add 10mL of tap water to each beaker and place them in a water bath at 25℃ for 10min of shaking and washing. Take 2mL of the washing solution and measure the sulfur content in the washing solution by UV absorbance. Calculate the retention rate of micro-nano particles on the hydrophobic outer layer sample by the percentage change in sulfur content before and after washing (i.e., retention rate = 100 - percentage change in sulfur content). After each washing, take out the hydrophobic outer layer from the beaker, let it dry naturally, and then put it back into the beaker. Repeat the above washing operation.

[0098] 2) Change the water bath temperature to 60°C, and then, following the above procedure, examine the repeated washing resistance of the hydrophobic outer layer prepared in Examples 1 and 2 at 60°C.

[0099] Figure 13 This demonstrates the changes in the micro / nanoparticles of the hydrophobic outer layer prepared in Example 1 after multiple washings at different temperatures. Figure 14 This demonstrates the changes in the micro / nanoparticles of the hydrophobic outer layer prepared in Example 2 after repeated washing at different temperatures; Figure 13 As shown, after the fourth wash at room temperature, approximately 70% of the micro- and nano-particles on the hydrophobic outer layer prepared in Example 1 were retained, while after the fourth wash at 60°C, more than 55% of the micro- and nano-particles were still retained. Figure 14 As shown, after the sixth wash at room temperature, approximately 75% of the micro- and nano-particles on the hydrophobic outer layer prepared in Example 2 were retained, while after the sixth wash at 60°C, more than 65% of the micro- and nano-particles on the hydrophobic outer layer were still retained. Figure 13 and Figure 14 The experimental results show that the micro-nano particles of the present invention have good adhesion to the hydrophobic outer layer and can withstand multiple water washes. The hydrophobic outer layer obtained has the ability to withstand repeated washing.

[0100] Finally, it is necessary to state that the above embodiments are only used to further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention in detail, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-essential improvements and adjustments made by those skilled in the art based on the above content of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine life suit, comprising a life suit body with inflation and heating functions, the life suit body comprising a hydrophobic outer layer and a skin-friendly and breathable inner layer; characterized in that: The hydrophobic outer layer is composed of a waterproof fabric with micro-nano particles deposited on its outer surface. The micro-nano particles have a core-shell structure with different axes. The core layer is composed of a jellyfish repellent, and the shell layer is composed of an adhesive. The jellyfish repellent is elemental sulfur or a mixture of elemental sulfur and lanthanum chloride. The shell layer covers 10-60% of the outer surface area of ​​the core layer.

2. The marine life suit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The life jacket body includes an upper body and trousers. The upper body includes a front placket, a back, and sleeves. An air cushion and an electric heating element are fixed between the hydrophobic outer layer and the skin-friendly and breathable inner layer located in the front placket, back, sleeves, and trousers. The inflation and deflation valves of all air cushions are embedded on the outer surface of the corresponding hydrophobic outer layer. The power cords of all electric heating elements are electrically connected to the power supply fixed on the life jacket body.

3. The marine life suit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inflatable pad is coated with an insulating and heat-insulating adhesive layer on its outer surface near the heating element.

4. The marine life suit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heating element is a graphene heating film, which is fixedly connected to the back of the skin-friendly and breathable inner layer at the corresponding position through an insulating and thermally conductive adhesive layer.

5. The marine life suit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inflatable volume of the inflatable pad located in the upper garment is greater than that of the inflatable pad located in the trousers, and the inflatable volume of the inflatable pad located in the front is greater than that of the inflatable pad located in the back.

6. The marine life suit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micro-nano particles were prepared using a high-voltage electrostatic spraying method.

7. The marine life suit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation process of depositing micro / nano particles on the surface of waterproof fabric includes the following specific steps: ①Preparation of electrospray working fluid Weigh sublimed sulfur (S) or sublimed sulfur (S) and lanthanum chloride (LaCl3), dissolve them in carbon disulfide (CS2) solvent, and prepare the core layer electrospray working fluid; Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) was weighed and dissolved in a mixed solvent of tetrahydrofuran and N,N-dimethylformamide in a volume ratio of 1:1 to prepare the shell electrospray working fluid. ② Add the prepared core layer electrospray working fluid to the core layer fluid injector, then install the core layer fluid injector onto the core layer fluid injection pump, and connect the outlet of the core layer fluid injector to the inlet of the core layer fluid output capillary through a hose; similarly, add the prepared shell layer electrospray working fluid to the shell layer fluid injector, then install the shell layer fluid injector onto the shell layer fluid injection pump, and connect the outlet of the shell layer fluid injector to the inlet of the shell layer fluid output capillary through a hose; ③ Connect the high-voltage generator to the electric spray nozzle, place the receiving plate directly below the electric spray nozzle, and lay the waterproof cloth flat on the receiving plate. The receiving plate is a cardboard wrapped with aluminum foil, and the receiving plate is grounded. ④ The parameters of the high-voltage electrostatic spray are controlled as follows: voltage 10±1kV, distance between the receiving plate and the spray nozzle 10±1cm, ambient temperature 23±3℃, ambient relative humidity 50±10%, flow rate of the core layer electrospray working fluid 1mL / h, and flow rate of the shell layer electrospray working fluid 2mL / h. Then, the core layer fluid injection pump, the shell layer fluid injection pump and the high-voltage generator are started. Electrospraying causes the formation of micro-nano particles and their deposition on the surface of the waterproof cloth laid on the receiving plate, thus obtaining a waterproof cloth with micro-nano particles deposited on the outer surface.

8. The marine life suit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The concentration of sulfur in the core electrospray working fluid is 5%–10%, and the concentration of lanthanum chloride is 0.01%–1.0%; the concentration of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) in the shell electrospray working fluid is 1%–5%; the unit of concentration is g / mL.

9. The marine life suit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The electro-spray nozzle is composed of a shell fluid output capillary and a core fluid output capillary. The shell fluid output capillary is a vertical tube, and the core fluid output capillary is a curved tube composed of a vertical section and a curved section. The outer diameter of the vertical section is smaller than the inner diameter of the shell fluid output capillary. The vertical section passes through the shell fluid output capillary, and the curved section exits from the side of the shell fluid output capillary. The outer side wall of the vertical section is in close contact with the inner side wall of the shell fluid output capillary.

10. The marine life suit according to claim 9, characterized in that: The inner angle formed by the curved section and the vertical section of the core fluid output capillary is greater than or equal to 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees.

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