Conductive lubricant

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of electrically conductive lubricants.The electrically conductive lubricants at least include base oil, antioxidant, antiwear agent and viscosity modifier, the electrically conductive lubricants contain conductive metal ions, wherein the antioxidant at least includes thiocarbamic acid salt, the antiwear agent at least includes borate compound, and the mass fraction of the base oil in the electrically conductive lubricants is greater than or equal to 90%, the mass fraction of the antioxidant and the antiwear agent in the electrically conductive lubricants are less than 5%, and the mass fraction of the viscosity modifier in the electrically conductive lubricants is less than 2%.The electrically conductive lubricants of the present application have excellent wear resistance, volatility resistance and heat dissipation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lubricant technology, and in particular to conductive lubricants. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of modern industry, people have placed higher demands on the performance of lubricants. For example, conductive lubricants, which can not only lubricate and resist wear between metals but also enable electron transfer, are increasingly needed. However, current research on conductive lubricants is relatively limited. They are generally mixtures composed of base oil and additives such as conductive agents, anti-wear agents, and antioxidants. These mixtures not only have low wear resistance but also suffer from high volatility and slow heat dissipation. Moreover, the slow heat dissipation can lead to severe heat generation between parts, further accelerating the evaporation and creating a vicious cycle that results in a short service life for conductive lubricants. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a conductive lubricant that has excellent anti-wear properties, anti-volatility, and heat dissipation properties to address the above problems.

[0004] A conductive lubricant includes at least a base oil, an antioxidant, an anti-wear agent, and a viscosity modifier. The conductive lubricant contains conductive metal ions. The antioxidant includes at least a thiocarbamate, the anti-wear agent includes at least a borate ester compound, and the base oil has a mass fraction of 90% or more in the conductive lubricant. The antioxidant and the anti-wear agent each have a mass fraction of less than 5% in the conductive lubricant, and the viscosity modifier has a mass fraction of less than 2% in the conductive lubricant.

[0005] In one embodiment, the base oil has a mass fraction of 98% or greater in the conductive lubricant, and the antioxidant, the anti-wear agent, and the viscosity modifier each have a mass fraction of less than 1% in the conductive lubricant.

[0006] In one embodiment, the thiocarbamate is selected from dialkyl dithiocarbamates;

[0007] And / or, the borate ester compound is selected from at least one of HFT-289 borate ester, triethanolamine borate ester, triisopropanol aminocycloborate ester, bis(catechol borate ester), bis(2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol) borate ester, and bis(2,4-dimethyl-2,4-pentanediol) borate ester;

[0008] And / or, the viscosity improver is selected from at least one of ethylene propylene copolymer, polyisobutylene, styrene-butadiene copolymer, and polymethacrylate.

[0009] In one embodiment, the thiocarbamate is selected from at least one of molybdenum salt, zinc salt, antimony salt, or lead salt.

[0010] In one embodiment, the conductive lubricant further includes a rust inhibitor, the rust inhibitor having a mass fraction of less than 1% in the conductive lubricant.

[0011] In one embodiment, the rust inhibitor is selected from at least one of the following: fatty acid salts containing alkaline earth metal elements, naphthenates containing alkaline earth metal elements, lead naphthenate, zinc naphthenate, sodium petroleum sulfonate, barium petroleum sulfonate, calcium petroleum sulfonate, trioleic tallow diamine, rosin amine, sorbitan monooleate, polyethylene glycol dioleate, polyethylene glycol distearate, oleoylsarcosine, oleoylsarcosine amine salt, amide imidazoline, benzotriazole, and alkyl phosphates.

[0012] In one embodiment, the antioxidant further includes at least one of N-phenyl-a-naphthylamine, alkylated diphenylamine, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 4,4-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), benzotriazole aldehyde-amine condensate, and a thiadiazole derivative complex.

[0013] And / or, the anti-wear agent further includes at least one of sulfur compounds, phosphorus compounds, and sulfur-phosphorus compounds.

[0014] In one embodiment, the thiocarbamate accounts for more than 50% of the antioxidant by mass fraction;

[0015] And / or, by mass fraction, the borate ester compound accounts for more than 50% of the anti-wear agent.

[0016] In one embodiment, the conductive lubricant comprises, by mass fraction, more than 98% base oil, 0.1% to 0.7% thiocarbamate, 0.1% to 0.5% borate ester compound, 0.01% to 0.5% viscosity modifier and less than 0.3% rust inhibitor.

[0017] In one embodiment, the mass ratio of the thiocarbamate to the borate compound is 1:1.1 to 1:5.

[0018] In one embodiment, the borate compound is selected from at least two of HFT-289 borate ester, triethanolamine borate ester, triisopropanol aminocycloborate ester, bis(catechol) borate ester, bis(2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol) borate ester, and bis(2,4-dimethyl-2,4-pentanediol) borate ester.

[0019] In the conductive lubricant of this invention, the selection of thiocarbamate and borate ester compounds inherently endows the conductive lubricant with excellent extreme pressure anti-wear properties. Simultaneously, the nitrogen atoms in the thiocarbamate and the boron atoms in the borate ester compounds can form layered compounds, facilitating sliding between layers and further enhancing anti-wear performance while improving lubricity. Furthermore, there are numerous hydrogen bond donors and acceptors between the thiocarbamate and boron ester compounds, and the nitrogen atoms in the thiocarbamate and the boron atoms in the borate ester compounds can achieve intermolecular bonding, synergistically enhancing intermolecular forces. Combined with the action of viscosity modifiers, this effectively reduces the volatility of the conductive lubricant. Moreover, because the conductive lubricant of this invention has excellent anti-wear performance, it does not generate excessive frictional heat during the operation of metal parts, and the high thermal conductivity of each component ensures good heat dissipation, essentially not exacerbating the volatility of the conductive lubricant. Therefore, the conductive lubricant has a long service life. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, it will be described in more detail below. However, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments or examples described herein. Rather, these embodiments or examples are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the present invention.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments or examples only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0022] The conductive lubricant provided by this invention is mainly used to protect mechanical equipment, such as copper foil production equipment. The conductive lubricant includes at least a base oil, an antioxidant, an anti-wear agent, and a viscosity modifier. The conductive lubricant contains conductive metal ions. The antioxidant includes at least a thiocarbamate, the anti-wear agent includes at least a borate ester compound, and the mass fraction of the base oil in the conductive lubricant is greater than or equal to 90%. The mass fractions of the antioxidant and the anti-wear agent in the conductive lubricant are both less than 5%, and the mass fraction of the viscosity modifier in the conductive lubricant is less than 2%.

[0023] In use, the conductive lubricant of this invention exhibits the rapid vulcanization speed and low vulcanization temperature of thiocarbamates, enabling them to quickly form metal sulfides with metals, thus improving anti-wear performance. Simultaneously, the sulfur and nitrogen atoms of thiocarbamates possess uncoordinated electrons, which can form a protective film on the metal surface during mechanical operation to prevent further increase in wear. Furthermore, when a tribochemical reaction occurs with the metal surface, a complex boundary lubricating film containing components such as organic nitrogen, organic sulfur, sulfates, and sulfides is formed. This complex boundary lubricating film possesses excellent extreme pressure anti-wear properties. Therefore, the use of thiocarbamates in conductive lubricants can effectively improve anti-wear performance. At the same time, the formed protective film and the reducing properties inherent in the sulfur and nitrogen atoms due to their uncoordinated electrons further prevent metal oxidation.

[0024] Boron esters themselves possess excellent anti-wear properties as anti-wear agents. Furthermore, the nitrogen atoms in thiocarbamates and the boron atoms in boron esters can form layered compounds, further enhancing the anti-wear performance.

[0025] Furthermore, thiocarbamates and borate esters have numerous hydrogen bond donors and acceptors, and the nitrogen atoms in thiocarbamates and the boron atoms in borate esters can achieve intermolecular bonding, synergistically enhancing intermolecular forces. Combined with the action of viscosity modifiers, this effectively reduces the volatility of conductive lubricants. Moreover, because the conductive lubricant of this invention has good anti-wear properties, it does not generate excessive frictional heat during the operation of metal parts, and the high thermal conductivity of each component ensures good heat dissipation, thus essentially not exacerbating the volatility of the conductive lubricant.

[0026] Therefore, the conductive lubricant of the present invention has excellent anti-wear and anti-volatility properties and a long service life.

[0027] Optionally, the base oil in the conductive lubricant has a mass fraction greater than or equal to 95%, and the antioxidant, anti-wear agent, and viscosity modifier each have a mass fraction of less than 2% in the conductive lubricant; preferably, the base oil in the conductive lubricant has a mass fraction greater than or equal to 98%, and the antioxidant, anti-wear agent, and viscosity modifier each have a mass fraction of less than 1% in the conductive lubricant. This invention, by increasing the base oil content and reducing the content of antioxidants, anti-wear agents, and viscosity modifiers, can reduce the cost of the conductive lubricant while maintaining its excellent anti-wear properties, anti-volatility, and heat dissipation.

[0028] In one embodiment, the base oil of the conductive lubricant provided by the present invention can be selected from at least one of mineral base oil, synthetic base oil or bio-based oil, preferably mineral base oil or synthetic base oil.

[0029] In one embodiment, the thiocarbamate is selected from dialkyl dithiocarbamates, and optionally, the dialkyl dithiocarbamate is selected from at least one of dibutyl dithiocarbamate, dipentyl dithiocarbamate, and dibenzyl dithiocarbamate.

[0030] In one embodiment, the thiocarbamate is selected from at least one of molybdenum salt, zinc salt, antimony salt, or lead salt. By selecting at least one of molybdenum salt, zinc salt, antimony salt, or lead salt, it can provide metal conductive ions to the conductive lubricant, thereby enabling the conductive lubricant to conduct electricity. Preferably, the thiocarbamate in this invention is selected from zinc salts, such as zinc dialkyldithiocarbamate, specifically, it can be selected from at least one of dibutyldithiocarbamate and zinc dipentyldithiocarbamate.

[0031] In one embodiment, the borate ester compound is selected from at least one of HFT-289 borate ester, triethanolamine borate ester, triisopropanol aminocycloborate ester, bis(catechol) borate ester, bis(2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol) borate ester, and bis(2,4-dimethyl-2,4-pentanediol) borate ester.

[0032] In one embodiment, the viscosity modifier is selected from at least one of ethylene-propylene copolymer, polyisobutylene, styrene-butadiene copolymer, and polymethacrylate. It not only possesses excellent resistance to atmospheric aging, chemical corrosion, and high temperature, but also functions as an excellent dispersant and dehydrating agent, ensuring the quality of the conductive lubricant and extending its service life. Preferably, the viscosity modifier in this invention is ethylene-propylene copolymer.

[0033] Because rust inhibitors have strong resistance to salt water immersion and good oil solubility, they can act as a co-solvent for other components in base oil, which is beneficial for full diffusion and overall improvement of the performance of conductive lubricants. In one embodiment, the conductive lubricant further includes a rust inhibitor, wherein the mass fraction of the rust inhibitor in the conductive lubricant is less than 1%.

[0034] In one embodiment, the rust inhibitor is selected from at least one of the following: fatty acid salts containing alkaline earth metal elements, naphthenates containing alkaline earth metal elements, lead naphthenate, zinc naphthenate, sodium petroleum sulfonate, barium petroleum sulfonate, calcium petroleum sulfonate, trioleic tallow diamine, rosin amine, sorbitan monooleate, polyethylene glycol dioleate, polyethylene glycol distearate, oleylsarcosine, oleylsarcosine amine salt, amide imidazoline, benzotriazole, and alkyl phosphates. Preferably, it is at least one of sodium petroleum oleate, barium petroleum sulfonate, and calcium petroleum sulfonate. It is low in cost and environmentally friendly, and can also provide conductive metal ions to improve the conductivity of the conductive lubricant.

[0035] In one embodiment, the antioxidant further includes at least one of N-phenyl-a-naphthylamine, alkylated diphenylamine, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 4,4-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), benzotriazole aldehyde-amine condensate, and a thiadiazole derivative complex.

[0036] When the antioxidant is a mixture of thiocarbamate and other antioxidants, the thiocarbamate accounts for more than 50% of the antioxidant by mass fraction, preferably more than 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 95% of the antioxidant.

[0037] In one embodiment, the anti-wear agent further includes at least one of sulfur compounds, phosphorus compounds, and sulfur-phosphorus compounds. Specifically, the sulfur compounds may be selected from at least one of sulfurized fatty acid esters and sulfurized isobutylene; the phosphorus compounds may be selected from at least one of tri(xylene) phosphate and isopropylated triphenyl phosphate; and the sulfur-phosphorus compounds may be selected from at least one of triphenyl thiophosphate, sulfur-phosphorus nitrogen-containing derivatives, and zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate.

[0038] When the anti-wear agent is a mixture of borate ester compounds and other anti-wear agents, the borate ester compounds account for more than 50% of the anti-wear agent by mass fraction. Preferably, the borate ester compounds account for more than 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 95% of the anti-wear agent.

[0039] Alternatively, depending on the different combinations of antioxidants and anti-wear agents, there are four implementation methods:

[0040] The first type of conductive lubricant uses thiocarbamate as an antioxidant and borate ester as an anti-wear agent.

[0041] The second type of conductive lubricant consists of an antioxidant that is a combination of thiocarbamate and other antioxidants, and an anti-wear agent that is a borate ester compound.

[0042] The third type of conductive lubricant uses thiocarbamate as an antioxidant and a combination of borate esters and other anti-wear agents as an anti-wear agent.

[0043] The fourth type of conductive lubricant consists of an antioxidant that is a combination of thiocarbamate and other antioxidants, and an anti-wear agent that is a combination of borate esters and other anti-wear agents.

[0044] In one embodiment, the conductive lubricant comprises, by mass fraction, more than 98% base oil, 0.1% to 0.7% thiocarbamate, 0.1% to 0.5% borate ester compound, 0.01% to 0.5% viscosity modifier and less than 0.3% rust inhibitor.

[0045] Therefore, by rationally selecting the components and content in conductive lubricants, the anti-wear, anti-volatility, anti-oxidation, and heat dissipation properties of conductive lubricants can be further guaranteed; at the same time, conductive lubricants are low in cost and environmentally friendly.

[0046] In one embodiment, controlling the mass ratio of the thiocarbamate to the borate ester compound within the range of 1:1.1 to 1:5 can better enhance the synergistic effect of the two compounds and improve the anti-wear, anti-volatility, and anti-oxidation properties of the conductive lubricant. Optionally, the mass ratio of the thiocarbamate to the borate ester compound is selected from any ratio or a range between 1:1.1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, and 1:5.

[0047] In one embodiment, the borate compound is selected from at least two of HFT-289 borate, triethanolamine borate, triisopropanol aminocycloborate, bis(catechol borate), bis(2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol) borate, and bis(2,4-dimethyl-2,4-pentanediol) borate, which is more conducive to improving the anti-wear, anti-volatility and heat dissipation properties of the conductive lubricant. Preferably, the composition contains at least HFT-289 borate and / or triethanolamine borate.

[0048] The conductive lubricant will be further described below through specific embodiments.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] By mass fraction, the conductive lubricant of this embodiment comprises 99.44% mineral base oil, 0.2% zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate, 0.2% HFT-289 borate, 0.1% triethanolamine borate, 0.01% ethylene propylene copolymer and 0.05% sodium petroleum sulfonate.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] By mass fraction, the conductive lubricant of this embodiment comprises 99.44% mineral base oil, 0.2% zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate, 0.1% triisopropanol aminocycloborate, 0.2% dihydrocatechol borate, 0.01% ethylene propylene copolymer and 0.05% sodium petroleum sulfonate.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] By mass fraction, the conductive lubricant of this embodiment comprises 99.19% mineral base oil, 0.3% zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate, 0.2% HFT-289 borate, 0.25% triethanolamine borate, 0.01% ethylene propylene copolymer and 0.05% sodium petroleum sulfonate.

[0055] Example 4

[0056] By mass fraction, the conductive lubricant of this embodiment comprises 99.04% mineral base oil, 0.3% zinc dibutyl dithiocarbamate, 0.3% HFT-289 borate, 0.3% triethanolamine borate, 0.01% ethylene propylene copolymer and 0.05% sodium petroleum sulfonate.

[0057] Example 5

[0058] By mass fraction, the conductive lubricant of this embodiment comprises 98.74% mineral base oil, 0.2% zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate, 0.5% HFT-289 borate, 0.5% triethanolamine borate, 0.01% ethylene propylene copolymer and 0.05% sodium petroleum sulfonate.

[0059] Example 6

[0060] By mass fraction, the conductive lubricant of this embodiment comprises 99.19% mineral base oil, 0.3% zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate, 0.2% triisopropanol aminocycloboronic acid ester, 0.25% dihydrocatechol boronic acid ester, 0.01% ethylene propylene copolymer and 0.05% sodium petroleum sulfonate.

[0061] Example 7

[0062] By mass fraction, the conductive lubricant of this embodiment comprises 99.35% mineral base oil, 0.3% zinc dibenzyl dithiocarbamate, 0.3% triethanolamine borate, and 0.05% ethylene propylene copolymer.

[0063] Example 8

[0064] The conductive lubricant of this embodiment, by mass fraction, comprises 99.34% mineral base oil, 0.3% zinc dibenzyl dithiocarbamate, 0.3% HFT-289 borate ester, 0.01% ethylene propylene copolymer and 0.05% sodium petroleum sulfonate.

[0065] Example 9

[0066] The conductive lubricant of this embodiment, by mass fraction, comprises 99.04% mineral base oil, 0.3% zinc dibenzyl dithiocarbamate, 0.6% triethanolamine borate, 0.01% ethylene propylene copolymer and 0.05% sodium petroleum sulfonate.

[0067] Example 10

[0068] By mass fraction, the conductive lubricant of this embodiment comprises 99.19% mineral base oil, 0.2% zinc dipentyl dithiocarbamate, 0.1% N-phenyl-a-naphthylamine, 0.45% HFT-289 borate ester, 0.01% ethylene propylene copolymer and 0.05% sodium petroleum sulfonate.

[0069] Example 11

[0070] By mass fraction, the conductive lubricant of this embodiment comprises 99.19% mineral base oil, 0.2% zinc dipentyl dithiocarbamate, 0.1% N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine, 0.2% HFT-289 borate, 0.25% triethanolamine borate, 0.01% ethylene propylene copolymer and 0.05% sodium petroleum sulfonate.

[0071] Example 12

[0072] By mass fraction, the conductive lubricant of this embodiment comprises 99.19% mineral base oil, 0.3% zinc dipentyl dithiocarbamate, 0.2% HFT-289 borate ester, 0.25% trimethylol phosphate, 0.01% ethylene propylene copolymer and 0.05% sodium petroleum sulfonate.

[0073] Example 13

[0074] By mass fraction, the conductive lubricant of this embodiment comprises 99.19% mineral base oil, 0.3% zinc dipentyl dithiocarbamate, 0.25% HFT-289 borate ester, 0.20% isopropyltriphenyl phosphate, 0.01% ethylene propylene copolymer and 0.05% sodium petroleum sulfonate.

[0075] Example 14

[0076] By mass fraction, the conductive lubricant of this embodiment comprises 99.19% mineral base oil, 0.3% zinc dipentyl dithiocarbamate, 0.2% HFT-289 borate, 0.1% triethanolamine borate, 0.15% triphenyl thiophosphate, 0.01% ethylene propylene copolymer and 0.05% sodium petroleum sulfonate.

[0077] Example 15

[0078] By mass fraction, the conductive lubricant of this embodiment comprises 99.19% mineral base oil, 0.2% zinc dipentyl dithiocarbamate, 0.1% 4,4-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 0.25% HFT-289 borate ester, 0.2% triphenyl thiophosphate, 0.01% ethylene propylene copolymer and 0.05% sodium petroleum sulfonate.

[0079] Example 16

[0080] By mass fraction, the conductive lubricant of this embodiment comprises 99.19% mineral base oil, 0.2% zinc dipentyl dithiocarbamate, 0.1% 4,4-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 0.2% HFT-289 borate, 0.1% triethanolamine borate, 0.15% triphenyl thiophosphate, 0.01% ethylene propylene copolymer, and 0.05% sodium petroleum sulfonate.

[0081] Example 17

[0082] By mass fraction, the conductive lubricant of this embodiment comprises 90% mineral base oil, 4% zinc dibutyl dithiocarbamate, 2% HFT-289 borate, 2% triethanolamine borate, 1.9% ethylene propylene copolymer and 0.1% sodium petroleum sulfonate.

[0083] Example 18

[0084] By mass fraction, the conductive lubricant of this embodiment comprises 93% mineral base oil, 2% zinc dibutyl dithiocarbamate, 1.5% HFT-289 borate, 1.5% triethanolamine borate, 1.9% ethylene propylene copolymer and 0.1% sodium petroleum sulfonate.

[0085] Example 19

[0086] By mass fraction, the conductive lubricant of this embodiment comprises 95.4% mineral base oil, 1.5% zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate, 1% HFT-289 borate, 1% triethanolamine borate, 1% ethylene propylene copolymer and 0.1% sodium petroleum sulfonate.

[0087] Comparative Example 1

[0088] By mass fraction, the conductive lubricant in this comparative example comprises 98% mineral base oil, 1% alkyl diphenylamine, 0.5% zinc dibutyl dithiophosphate, and 0.5% polymethyl methacrylate.

[0089] Comparative Example 2

[0090] By mass fraction, the conductive lubricant in this comparative example comprises 98.54% mineral base oil, 0.3% 4,4-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 0.2% triphenyl thiophosphate, 0.2% sulfur-phosphorus nitrogen-containing derivative, 0.5% zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, 0.01% ethylene-propylene copolymer, and 0.05% sodium petroleum sulfonate.

[0091] Comparative Example 3

[0092] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate is replaced with a benzotriazole aldehyde-amine condensate and a thiadiazole derivative complex, wherein the benzotriazole aldehyde-amine condensate accounts for 0.1% of the mass of the conductive lubricant, and the thiadiazole derivative complex accounts for 0.1% of the mass of the conductive lubricant.

[0093] Comparative Example 4

[0094] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that HFT-289 borate and triethanolamine borate are replaced with tri(xylene) phosphate and isopropyltriphenyl phosphate, wherein tri(xylene) phosphate accounts for 0.2% of the mass of the conductive lubricant and isopropyltriphenyl phosphate accounts for 0.1% of the mass of the conductive lubricant.

[0095] Comparative Example 5

[0096] By mass fraction, the lubricant in this comparative example comprises 31% 150N (Group III oil), 31% PA06 synthetic base oil, 16% dipentaerythritol, 1.9% lithium hydroxide monohydrate, 2.5% stearic acid, 10% dodecyl stearic acid, 1.6% fumed silica, 1.6% molybdenum dibutyldithiocarbamate, 1.3% triphenyl thiophosphate, 0.8% HFT-289 borate, 1.2% octylbutyldiphenylamine, and 1.2% 4,4-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol).

[0097] Comparative Example 6

[0098] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that HFT-289 borate ester and triethanolamine borate ester are replaced with nitrogen borate ester and methyl borate ester, wherein nitrogen borate ester accounts for 0.2% of the mass of the conductive lubricant and methyl borate ester accounts for 0.1% of the mass of the conductive lubricant;

[0099] Zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate is replaced by tin dibutyldithiocarbamate and copper dibutyldithiophosphate, wherein tin dibutyldithiocarbamate accounts for 0.2% of the mass of the conductive lubricant and copper dibutyldithiophosphate accounts for 0.1% of the mass of the conductive lubricant.

[0100] Comparative Example 7

[0101] By mass fraction, the conductive lubricant of this comparative example comprises 98.85% mineral base oil, 0.2% benzotriazole aldehyde-amine condensate, 0.1% thiadiazole derivative complex, 0.2% HFT-289 borate, 0.25% triethanolamine borate, 0.1% styrene-butadiene copolymer, 0.1% sorbitan monooleate, 0.1% polyethylene glycol dioleate, and 0.1% polyethylene glycol distearate.

[0102] Comparative Example 8

[0103] By mass fraction, the conductive lubricant of this comparative example comprises 98.85% mineral base oil, 0.3% zinc dibutyl dithiocarbamate, 0.2% tri(xylene) phosphate, 0.3% isopropyltriphenyl phosphate, 0.15% polyisobutylene, 0.1% sodium petroleum sulfonate and 0.1% calcium petroleum sulfonate.

[0104] Comparative Example 9

[0105] By mass fraction, the conductive lubricant of this comparative example comprises 99.19% mineral base oil, 0.2% benzotriazole aldehyde-amine condensate, 0.2% thiadiazole derivative complex, 0.2% HFT-289 borate ester, 0.1% triethanolamine borate ester, 0.01% ethylene propylene copolymer, 0.05% sodium petroleum sulfonate, and 0.05% calcium petroleum sulfonate.

[0106] Comparative Example 10

[0107] By mass fraction, the conductive lubricant of this comparative example comprises 98.84% mineral base oil, 0.2% N-phenyl-α-naphthylamine, 0.2% alkylated diphenylamine, 0.1% 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, 0.1% sulfurized fatty acid ester, 0.25% sulfurized isobutylene, 0.01% ethylene-propylene copolymer, and 0.3% zinc naphthenate.

[0108] Comparative Example 11

[0109] By mass fraction, the conductive lubricant in this comparative example comprises 98.75% mineral base oil, 0.2% 4,4-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 0.2% triphenyl thiophosphate, 0.1% sulfur-phosphorus nitrogen-containing derivative, 0.3% zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, 0.15% polymethyl methacrylate and 0.3% amidazoline.

[0110] Test case

[0111] (1) Anti-wear performance test. The test standard is as follows: The anti-wear performance of the conductive lubricants of each embodiment and comparative example at 25℃ and 140℃ is tested by the four-ball method. The diameter of the four steel balls is 12.7mm, the force is 400N±2N, the rotation speed is 1200r / min±60r / min, and the test is 1min. The wear scar diameter (mm) of each steel ball is observed by microscope. The measurement accuracy of the wear scar diameter is 0.01mm, and the temperature error is not greater than 0.5℃.

[0112] The anti-wear properties of the conductive lubricants prepared in Examples 1 to 19 and Comparative Examples 1 to 11 were tested respectively, and the test results are shown in Tables 1 to 3.

[0113] Table 1

[0114] Example Abrasion resistance at 25℃ Abrasion resistance at 140℃ Example 1 0.31mm 0.65mm Example 2 0.45mm 0.86mm Example 3 0.14mm 0.25mm Example 4 0.47mm 0.99mm Example 5 0.43mm 0.73mm Example 6 0.53mm 0.75mm

[0115] Table 2

[0116]

[0117]

[0118] Table 3

[0119] Comparative Example Abrasion resistance at 25℃ Abrasion resistance at 140℃ Comparative Example 1 0.65mm 1.32mm Comparative Example 2 1.01mm 2.13mm Comparative Example 3 0.85mm 1.33mm Comparative Example 4 0.65mm 1.17mm Comparative Example 5 0.68mm 1.27mm Comparative Example 6 1.11mm 1.51mm Comparative Example 7 0.87mm 1.36mm Comparative Example 8 0.98mm 1.41mm Comparative Example 9 0.63mm 1.32mm Comparative Example 10 1.14mm 1.57mm Comparative Example 11 1.03mm 1.66mm

[0120] As can be seen from the anti-wear performance test results in Tables 1 to 3, the overall anti-wear performance of Examples 1 to 19 is better than that of Comparative Examples 1 to 11, especially in terms of anti-wear performance at 140°C. The wear scar diameter of Examples 1 to 19 is less than 1.32 mm, while the wear scar diameter of Comparative Examples 1 to 11 is greater than 1.32 mm at 140°C.

[0121] As can be seen from the anti-wear effects of Examples 1 to 6 and Examples 7 to 19, the antioxidant of the present invention is selected only from thiocarbamates, and the anti-wear agent is selected only from borate compounds. Furthermore, the anti-wear performance is optimal when the mass ratio of antioxidant to anti-wear agent is between 1:1.1 and 1:5. According to the comparison of data from Examples 3 and 6, the anti-wear effect is best when the mixture of HFT-289 borate and triethanolamine borate is selected as the anti-wear agent.

[0122] (2) Viscosity performance test. The test standard is: use a capillary viscometer to test the viscosity of each conductive lubricant under single variable conditions. The temperature error shall not exceed 0.5℃. Take the average value of the three sets of data.

[0123] Viscosity tests were performed on the conductive lubricants prepared in Examples 1 to 19 and Comparative Examples 1 to 11, respectively. The viscosity test results at different temperatures are shown in Tables 4 to 6.

[0124] Table 4

[0125]

[0126]

[0127] Table 5

[0128]

[0129] Table 6

[0130]

[0131] According to the test results in Tables 4 to 6, at 30°C, the viscosity of Examples 1 to 19 is above 128 mPa·s, while the viscosity of Comparative Examples 1 to 11 is below 127 mPa·s. As the temperature increases, the viscosity decreases. At 70°C, the viscosity of Examples 1 to 19 can still be maintained above 80 mPa·s, while the viscosity of Comparative Examples 1 to 11 has dropped to below 75 mPa·s.

[0132] According to the data from Examples 1 to 6 and Examples 7 to 19, the antioxidant of the present invention is selected only from thiocarbamates, and the anti-wear agent is selected only from borate esters. Combined with the effect of viscosity modifier, the viscosity of the conductive anti-wear agent is increased, thereby reducing volatility.

[0133] (3) The conductive lubricants of Examples 1 to 19 and Comparative Examples 1 to 11 were applied to the surface of metal workpieces to ensure that the rotation speed of the workpiece surface was the same, and the temperature change of the workpiece surface after different times was detected as shown in Tables 7 to 9.

[0134] Table 7

[0135] 12h 24h 48h 72h 120h 192h 240h Example 1 35℃ 38℃ 38℃ 40℃ 42℃ 44℃ 46℃ Example 2 35℃ 38℃ 40℃ 45℃ 47℃ 50℃ 53℃ Example 3 35℃ 37℃ 37℃ 38℃ 38℃ 40℃ 41℃ Example 4 36℃ 38℃ 43℃ 45℃ 45℃ 50℃ 52℃ Example 5 35℃ 40℃ 42℃ 45℃ 48℃ 53℃ 55℃ Example 6 35℃ 38℃ 43℃ 47℃ 49℃ 52℃ 54℃

[0136] Table 8

[0137]

[0138]

[0139] Table 9

[0140] Comparative Example 12h 24h 48h 72h 120h 192h 240h Comparative Example 1 38℃ 40℃ 41℃ 43℃ 52℃ 60℃ 67℃ Comparative Example 2 36℃ 38℃ 43℃ 50℃ 52℃ 57℃ 63℃ Comparative Example 3 37℃ 38℃ 38℃ 45℃ 52℃ 61℃ 63℃ Comparative Example 4 35℃ 39℃ 46℃ 55℃ 61℃ 67℃ 70℃ Comparative Example 5 36℃ 36℃ 46℃ 53℃ 55℃ 57℃ 60℃ Comparative Example 6 38℃ 38℃ 44℃ 45℃ 47℃ 55℃ 62℃ Comparative Example 7 37℃ 38℃ 47℃ 48℃ 52℃ 58℃ 65℃ Comparative Example 8 35℃ 36℃ 45℃ 48℃ 55℃ 62℃ 67℃ Comparative Example 9 35℃ 39℃ 47℃ 48℃ 50℃ 55℃ 63℃ Comparative Example 10 36℃ 39℃ 45℃ 45℃ 50℃ 54℃ 63℃ Comparative Example 11 38℃ 42℃ 45℃ 47℃ 53℃ 56℃ 62℃

[0141] According to the data shown in Tables 7 to 9, after 240 hours of use, the surface temperature of most workpieces remained below 60°C for the conductive lubricants of Examples 1 to 19, while the surface temperature of most workpieces was above 60°C after 240 hours of use for the conductive lubricants of Comparative Examples 1 to 11. This indicates that the conductive anti-wear agent of the present invention has excellent heat dissipation properties.

[0142] According to the data from Examples 1 to 6 and Examples 7 to 19, the antioxidant of the present invention is selected only from thiocarbamates, and the anti-wear agent is selected only from borate esters, which has better heat dissipation properties.

[0143] (4) The volatility of the conductive lubricants prepared in Examples 1 to 19 and Comparative Examples 1 to 11 was tested. The results of the volatility test at different temperatures are shown in Tables 10 to 12.

[0144] Table 10

[0145]

[0146]

[0147] Table 11

[0148]

[0149] Table 12

[0150]

[0151] According to the test results in Tables 10 to 12, the evaporation rate of the conductive lubricants in Examples 1 to 19 can be reduced to 0% at 80°C, and the evaporation rate at 140°C is also reduced to below 1.21%. Compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 11, the conductive lubricants of the present invention have excellent anti-evaporation properties.

[0152] Data from Examples 1 to 6 and Examples 7 to 19 show that the antioxidant of the present invention is selected only from thiocarbamates, and the anti-wear agent is selected only from borate esters. Furthermore, a comparison of Examples 1 and 2, and Examples 3 and 6, indicates that the mixture of HFT-289 borate ester and triethanolamine borate ester exhibits the best anti-volatility effect among the borate ester compounds of the present invention.

[0153] Based on the above anti-wear data, viscosity index, volatility, and temperature change data, it can be seen that the amount of anti-wear agent, antioxidant, and viscosity modifier added in the conductive lubricant prepared by this invention is extremely low. By selecting a mixture containing thiocarbamates as the antioxidant and a mixture containing borate esters as the anti-wear agent, and setting an appropriate ratio, the conductive lubricant formed by the synergistic effect of each component has excellent anti-wear performance and anti-volatility, thereby reducing the cost of conductive lubricant.

[0154] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0155] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A conductive lubricant, characterized in that, The conductive lubricant is composed of base oil, antioxidant, anti-wear agent, viscosity modifier, and rust inhibitor. It contains conductive metal ions. The antioxidant is a thiocarbamate, the anti-wear agent is a borate ester compound, and the mass fraction of the base oil in the conductive lubricant is greater than or equal to 98%. The mass fractions of the antioxidant, anti-wear agent, viscosity modifier, and rust inhibitor in the conductive lubricant are all less than 1%. The borate ester compound is HFT-289 borate ester and triethanolamine borate ester.

2. The conductive lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thiocarbamate is selected from dialkyl dithiocarbamates; And / or, the viscosity improver is selected from at least one of ethylene propylene copolymer, polyisobutylene, styrene-butadiene copolymer, and polymethacrylate.

3. The conductive lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thiocarbamate is selected from at least one of molybdenum salt, zinc salt, antimony salt, or lead salt.

4. The conductive lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rust inhibitor is selected from at least one of the following: fatty acid salts containing alkaline earth metal elements, naphthenates containing alkaline earth metal elements, lead naphthenate, zinc naphthenate, sodium petroleum sulfonate, barium petroleum sulfonate, calcium petroleum sulfonate, trioleic tallow diamine, rosin amine, sorbitan monooleate, polyethylene glycol dioleate, polyethylene glycol distearate, oleoylsarcosine, oleoylsarcosine amine salt, amide imidazoline, benzotriazole, and alkyl phosphates.

5. The conductive lubricant according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, By mass fraction, the conductive lubricant comprises more than 98% base oil, 0.1% to 0.7% thiocarbamate, 0.1% to 0.5% borate ester compound, 0.01% to 0.5% viscosity modifier and less than 0.3% rust inhibitor.

6. The conductive lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the thiocarbamate to the borate ester compound is 1:1.1 to 1:5.

Images