A tuned damper

Abstract

This invention relates to a tuned damper, belonging to the field of vibration reduction equipment for building engineering. It includes a base, a first substructure for controlling the vertical vibration of a suspension bridge, and a second substructure for combined control of the horizontal vibration of the suspension bridge. The bottom of the first substructure is hinged to the base, and both ends of the base are symmetrically hinged to the first substructure via the second substructure. The base can transmit horizontal and vertical vibrations to the second and first substructures. The first substructure includes a support frame and a mass assembly for storing inertial energy. The support frame and the mass assembly are fixedly connected by an elastic element a and a damper a for generating the natural frequency. This invention uses a nested double-substructure method to excite the natural frequency, which can simultaneously act on vibrations in both the horizontal and vertical directions, reducing the horizontal vibration and sway of the bridge body. Simultaneously, the combined first substructure controls larger vertical vibrations, thus achieving balanced control of the bridge's vibrations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a tuned damper, belonging to the field of vibration reduction equipment for building engineering. Background Technology

[0002] Existing tuned mass dampers (TMDs) employ a passive damping system. They primarily consist of a main structure and substructures. The substructure includes a mass system, a stiffness system, and a damping system, possessing comprehensive characteristics of mass, stiffness, and damping. By altering the mass or stiffness, the natural frequency of the substructure is adjusted to approach the fundamental frequency or excitation frequency of the main structure. When the main structure is subjected to excitation vibration, the substructure generates an inertial force acting on the main structure, reducing the vibration and achieving the desired damping effect. TMD dampers can reduce the maximum amplitude of an object (structure) with a weight much smaller than the object's weight, thus preventing discomfort, breakage, or complete damage. They are frequently used in buildings, power transmission, automobiles, ships, and many other aspects of daily life.

[0003] In existing tuned mass dampers, such as the structure described in patent CN106677366B, an elastic element and a damper are connected between the base and the mass block, respectively. The base constitutes the main structure, while the mass block and the elastic element constitute the substructure. The natural frequency generated by the substructure cancels out the excitation frequency transmitted from the base, thereby controlling the vibration amplitude in the main structure. However, when installed on suspension bridges, it can only reduce the vibration in the direction of the elastic element's rebound, while the horizontal vibration and sway of the bridge body are not effectively controlled. Furthermore, given the large span of the bridge, the vertical vibration is slightly greater than the horizontal vibration, leading to vibration imbalance in the bridge body that is difficult to eliminate, resulting in a relatively weak seismic resistance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention proposes a tuned damper that adopts a twin-structure nesting, which can control the vertical vibration of the bridge body, and at the same time reduce the horizontal swaying vibration of the bridge body, thus balancing the vibration of the bridge body.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a tuned damper, including a base, a first substructure for controlling the vertical vibration of a suspension bridge, and a second substructure for combined control of the horizontal vibration of a suspension bridge. The bottom of the first substructure is hinged to the base, and both ends of the base are symmetrically hinged to the first substructure through the second substructure. The base can transmit horizontal vibration and vertical vibration to the second substructure and the first substructure.

[0006] The first substructure includes a support frame and a mass assembly for storing inertial energy. The support frame and the mass assembly are fixedly connected by an elastic element a and a damper a for generating the natural frequency.

[0007] The second substructure includes a telescopic rod for hinged base and first substructure. The two telescopic ends of the telescopic rod are fixedly connected by an elastic element b and a damper b for generating natural frequency. The first substructure can serve as a mass unit for storing inertial energy in the second substructure. The horizontal vibration is transmitted to the second substructure through the nested elastic element b and damper b.

[0008] Furthermore, the support of the first substructure is an I-shaped structure, which also includes a fixed plate and a guide rod passing through the elastic element and the mass assembly. The mass assembly can slide along the guide rod, and one end face of the mass assembly is fixedly connected to the fixed plate through the elastic element a and the damper a, so that the vertical vibration of the suspension bridge received by the base is transmitted to the mass assembly through the elastic element a and the damper a, thereby exciting the mass assembly to emit its natural frequency.

[0009] Furthermore, the mass component is constructed from at least one mass block;

[0010] Furthermore, the second substructure also includes a first plate and a second plate respectively fixed to the two telescopic ends of the telescopic rod. The first plate and the second plate are fixedly connected by an elastic element b and a damper b. The elastic element b passes through the outside of the telescopic rod, so that the telescopic rod can be guided to the elastic element b to rebound.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention employs a nested twin-structure method to excite the natural frequency. The bottom of the first substructure is hinged to the base. When the first substructure emits its natural frequency, it can control the vertical vibration of the bridge body. The two ends of the base are symmetrically hinged to the first substructure via second substructures. When the bridge body vibrates horizontally, the first substructure can sway relative to the base, exciting the second substructure to emit its natural frequency. When the natural frequency of the second substructure acts on the base along the direction of the telescopic rod, it can simultaneously affect both horizontal and vertical vibrations, reducing the horizontal vibration and sway of the bridge body. Simultaneously, the combined effect of the first substructure and the control of larger vertical vibrations results in balanced control of the bridge body's vibrations. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a tuned damper;

[0013] Figure 2 A front view of a tuned damper;

[0014] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a first embodiment of a tuned damper;

[0015] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a second embodiment of a tuned damper.

[0016] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Base; 2. First substructure; 201. Bracket; 202. Fixing plate; 2021. Guide rod; 203. Elastic element a; 204. Damper a; 205. Mass block; 206. Fixing rod; 3. Second substructure; 301. First plate; 302. Second plate; 303. Elastic element b; 304. Damper b; 305. Telescopic rod; 4. Bridge deck; 401. Hanging plate; 100. Tuned mass damper. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and effects of this invention clear and easy to understand, the preferred embodiments of this invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can understand them.

[0018] It should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "linking", "interconnection", etc., should be interpreted broadly, that is, they can be fixed connections or detachable connections; they can be mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium.

[0019] In the attached figures, direction A is the transverse direction of the invention (i.e., the vibration reduction direction), direction B is the horizontal vibration direction of the suspension bridge, and direction C is the vertical vibration direction of the suspension bridge (or the vibration in the direction of a plumb bob).

[0020] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 The diagram shows a tuned mass damper 100, which mainly includes a base 1, a first substructure 2 for controlling the vertical vibration of the suspension bridge, and a second substructure 3 for combined control of the horizontal vibration of the suspension bridge. The base 1 serves as the main structure of the tuned mass damper 100, which is fixedly installed under the suspension bridge via the base 1. The horizontal and vertical vibrations of the suspension bridge are transmitted through the base 1 to the second substructure 3 and the first substructure 2. Then, through the combined action of the first and second substructures, corresponding horizontal oscillation frequencies and vertical vibration frequencies are excited, thereby reducing the vibrations transmitted from the base, controlling the horizontal oscillations and vertical vibrations of the suspension bridge, and improving the seismic resistance of the suspension bridge.

[0021] like Figure 1 , 2A fixing rod 206 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first substructure 2 shown. One end of the fixing rod 206 is hinged to the base 1, so that when it vibrates in the horizontal direction (i.e., when...), Figure 2 As shown, when vibrating laterally along the tuned mass damper 100, the first substructure 2 can be nested within the second substructure 3 and serves as the mass unit of the second substructure 3. It receives the inertial energy of the horizontal vibration, thereby exciting the second substructure 3 to emit its natural frequency, which is used to reduce the horizontal swaying of the bridge. The inertial energy of the vertical vibration (or the vibration in the plumb direction) is transmitted through the length of the fixed rod to the mass unit of the first substructure 2 (i.e., a mass assembly constructed from several overlapping mass blocks, which will be described in detail below). The mass unit of the first substructure 2 absorbs the inertial energy in the plumb direction and excites the first substructure 2 to emit its natural frequency, which is used to reduce the vibration of the bridge in the plumb direction, thereby controlling the vibration of the bridge and improving its seismic resistance.

[0022] like Figure 1 , 2 The first substructure 2 shown includes a support frame 201 and a mass assembly (i.e., mass unit) for storing inertial energy. The mass assembly is constructed from several mass blocks 205. The natural frequencies of the first substructure 2 and the second substructure 3 can be adjusted by changing the number of mass blocks 205, thereby improving the control effect of the first substructure 2 combined with the second substructure 3 on the horizontal swaying and vertical vibration of the suspension bridge. Depending on the geographical location of the suspension bridge, the annual wind influence, or other geological conditions, the number of mass blocks 205 can be appropriately increased or decreased to adapt to the vibration magnitude of the suspension bridge. For example, when the suspension bridge is located on a relatively high mountain or in a windy canyon, the number of mass blocks 205 can be increased. Conversely, when the suspension bridge is located in a low-altitude urban area in a plain, or when the distance between the bridge deck and the horizontal plane is small, the number of mass blocks 205 can be appropriately reduced to adapt to the normal vibration amplitude of the suspension bridge.

[0023] like Figure 1 , 2The support 201 and mass assembly of the first substructure 2 shown are fixedly connected via an elastic element a203 for generating the natural frequency and a damper a204. The damper a204 is configured as a viscous damper, which is made based on the principle of fluid motion, especially the throttling resistance generated when the fluid passes through a throttling orifice. It is a damper related to the piston's motion speed. The viscous damper consists of a cylinder, piston, viscous fluid, and guide rod. The cylinder is filled with viscous fluid, and the piston can reciprocate within the cylinder. The piston has a suitable number of small holes or a gap between the piston and the cylinder. When the structure deforms and the cylinder and piston move relative to each other, the viscous fluid is forced to flow through the small holes or gaps, thereby generating a damping force. The vibration energy is dissipated through viscous energy dissipation, achieving the purpose of vibration reduction. It is commonly used in the construction of conventional existing tuned mass dampers (TMDs). When the mass block 205 receives inertial energy, it can pull the elastic element a203 and the damper a204 to make the mass block 205 vibrate and generate its own frequency.

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 The support 201 of the first substructure 2 shown is a channel structure, which also includes a fixed plate 202 and a guide rod 2021 passing through the elastic element a203 and the mass assembly. The mass assembly can slide along the guide rod 2021, that is, the mass block 205 is slidably connected to the guide rod 2021 and can slide within the channel structure of the support 201. The elastic element a is guided to rebound by the guide rod 2021, thereby driving the mass assembly to slide and vibrate back and forth within the channel structure of the support, generating a stable natural frequency. One end face of the mass assembly is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 202 through the elastic element a203 and the damper a204, so that the vertical vibration of the suspension bridge received by the base is transmitted to the mass assembly through the elastic element a203 and the damper a204, exciting the mass assembly to emit a natural frequency. The natural frequency reacts to the main structure to control or cancel the vibration of the suspension bridge.

[0025] like Figure 2 The base 1 shown is symmetrically hinged to the first substructure 2 at both ends via a second substructure 3. The base 1 can transmit horizontal and vertical vibrations to the second substructure 3 and the first substructure 2. When the horizontal vibration of the suspension bridge is transmitted to the first substructure 2, the first substructure 2 oscillates, which acts on the second substructure 3. That is, the first substructure 2 acts as the mass unit of the second substructure 3, exciting the oscillating and rebounding motions of the second substructure, generating the natural frequency.

[0026] like Figure 1 , 2The second substructure 3 shown includes a telescopic rod 305 for hinged base 1 and first substructure 2. The two telescopic ends of the telescopic rod 305 are respectively fixed to the first plate 301 and the second plate 302. The first plate 301 and the second plate 302 are fixedly connected by an elastic element b303 and a damper b304 for generating a natural frequency. The first substructure 2 can serve as a mass unit for storing inertial energy in the second substructure 3. When the first substructure 2 wobbles, it transmits horizontal vibration to the second substructure 3 through the nested elastic element b303 and damper b304. This excites the second substructure 3 to emit a natural frequency. When the natural frequency of the second substructure 3 acts on the base along the direction of the telescopic rod 305, it can simultaneously act on horizontal and vertical vibrations, reducing the horizontal swaying vibration of the bridge body. At the same time, the first substructure 2 controls larger vibrations in the vertical direction, so that the overall vibration of the bridge body is balanced and controlled, preventing the bridge body from experiencing large rigid vibrations under the influence of earthquakes or wind, and reducing the rigid fracture or plastic deformation of the bridge body.

[0027] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 The elastic element b303 of the second substructure 3 shown is inserted through the outside of the telescopic rod 305, allowing the telescopic rod 305 to guide the elastic element b303 in a rebound motion, ensuring that the second substructure 3 can generate a stable natural frequency. Both elastic elements b303 and a203 are configured as springs, while dampers b304 and a204 are configured as viscous dampers, the working principle of which is as described above.

[0028] like Figure 3 The diagram shows an installation schematic of a first embodiment of a tuned mass damper 100. The transverse A of the tuned mass damper 100 is arranged along the length of the horizontal direction of the bridge deck 4, thereby reducing the vibration and sway in the length of the horizontal direction of the bridge deck 4 through the second substructure 3.

[0029] like Figure 4 The diagram shows an installation schematic of a second embodiment of a tuned mass damper 100. The transverse A of the tuned mass damper 100 is set along the length direction of the hanging plate 401 (or the width direction of the bridge deck 4), thereby reducing the vibration and sway in the length direction of the hanging plate 401 (the width direction of the bridge deck 4) through the second substructure 3.

[0030] Furthermore, the tuned mass dampers 100 can be installed in combination or alternately using the installation methods of the first and second embodiments to counteract vibrations and sway in two horizontal directions (i.e., vibrations and sway in the width and length directions of the bridge deck 4). Due to the large span of the bridge and the fact that the suspension bridge itself is constructed with suspended plates 401, the vibration of the bridge along the length direction of the bridge deck 4 is greater than the vibration along the length direction of the suspended plates 401 (i.e., the vibration in the length direction of the bridge deck 4 is greater than the vibration in its width direction). During combined installation, the number of tuned mass dampers 100 in the direction of the bridge deck 4 can be appropriately increased to balance the vibration in the horizontal direction and control the vibration and sway of the bridge body in the horizontal direction.

[0031] The tuned mass damper 100 can also be used in other bridges and buildings with large spans to control vibrations and sway caused by the large span. In addition, it can also be applied to more complex tower structures that are prone to vibration and sway.

[0032] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made to it in form and detail without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tuned damper, characterized in that: It includes a base (1), a first substructure (2) for controlling the vertical vibration of the suspension bridge, and a second substructure (3) for combined control of the horizontal vibration of the suspension bridge. The bottom of the first substructure (2) is hinged to the base (1), and both ends of the base (1) are symmetrically hinged to the first substructure (2) through the second substructure (3). The base (1) can transmit horizontal and vertical vibrations to the second substructure (3) and the first substructure (2). The first substructure (2) includes a support (201) and a mass assembly for storing inertial energy. The support (201) and the mass assembly are fixedly connected by an elastic element a (203) for generating a natural frequency and a damper a (204). The support (201) of the first substructure (2) is an I-shaped structure, which also includes a fixed plate (202) and a guide rod (2021) passing through the elastic element a (203) and the mass component. The mass component can slide along the guide rod (2021), and one end face of the mass component is fixedly connected to the fixed plate (202) through the elastic element a (203) and the damper a (204), so that the vertical vibration of the suspension bridge received by the base is transmitted to the mass component through the elastic element a (203) and the damper a (204), which excites the mass component to emit its natural frequency. The second substructure (3) includes a telescopic rod (305) for hinged base (1) and first substructure (2). The two telescopic ends of the telescopic rod (305) are fixedly connected by an elastic element b (303) for generating natural frequency and a damper b (304). The first substructure (2) can serve as a mass unit for storing inertial energy in the second substructure (3). The horizontal vibration is transmitted to the second substructure (3) through the nested elastic element b (303) and damper b (304). The second substructure (3) also includes a first plate (301) and a second plate (302) fixed to the two telescopic ends of the telescopic rod (305). The first plate (301) and the second plate (302) are fixedly connected by an elastic element b (303) and a damper b (304). The elastic element b (303) passes through the outside of the telescopic rod (305) so that the telescopic rod (305) can be guided to the elastic element to rebound.

2. The tuned damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass component is constructed from at least one mass block (205).

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