A surface heat treatment process for metal castings

Abstract

The application provides a metal casting surface heat treatment process, and belongs to the technical field of metal processing. The process solves the problems of low efficiency and complex operation of the existing surface heat treatment process. The process comprises the following steps: fixing the metal casting; placing the metal casting; feeding the metal casting; clamping the metal casting; surface heat treatment; removing the metal casting; quenching the metal casting; aging the metal casting; recooling the metal casting; the equipment of steps 1-6 comprises two symmetrically arranged transport tracks and two first transport vehicles, a furnace lower track is arranged between the other ends of the two transport tracks, a heat treatment furnace is arranged above the furnace lower track, a plurality of groups of lifting storage racks are arranged on the first transport vehicles, a plurality of uniformly distributed lifting heating mechanisms are arranged on the upper end of the heat treatment furnace, and a plurality of uniformly distributed heat insulation telescopic rotating rods are arranged on the two furnace doors. The application can realize the cyclic use of the first transport vehicles, and form an efficient and simple assembly line type surface heat treatment operation of feeding, surface heat treatment and unloading.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of metal processing, and relates to a metal casting surface heat treatment process. BACKGROUND

[0002] A casting is a metal formed object obtained by various casting methods, that is, after liquid metal prepared by smelting is poured, injected, sucked or poured into a pre-prepared casting mold by other pouring methods, and after subsequent processing means such as polishing, an object with a certain shape, size and performance is obtained.

[0003] Casting has various classification methods: according to different metal materials, it is divided into cast steel, cast iron, cast copper, cast aluminum, cast magnesium, cast zinc, cast titanium and the like. And each type of casting can be further divided into different types according to its chemical composition or metallographic structure.

[0004] However, the surface properties such as strength, hardness and corrosion resistance of these metal castings are poor, so heat treatment needs to be performed on the metal. The existing heat treatment methods are generally flame quenching, induction heating heat treatment and laser heating.

[0005] However, the three metal heat treatment processes have simple structures and cannot be used in whole-line operation, resulting in low heat treatment efficiency of metal workpieces.

[0006] Therefore, the present application provides a metal casting surface heat treatment process, which can realize the recycling of the first transport vehicle and form a high-efficiency and simple flow line for rapid feeding, uniform and efficient surface heat treatment and automatic unloading. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to solve the above problems of the prior art, and to provide a metal casting surface heat treatment process. The technical problem to be solved by the present application is how to realize rapid feeding, uniform and efficient surface heat treatment and automatic unloading of the high-efficiency and simple flow line for metal casting surface heat treatment.

[0008] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by the following technical scheme:

[0009] A metal casting surface heat treatment process, comprising the following processing steps:

[0010] Step 1, fixing the metal casting: according to the shape and shape of the metal casting, a corresponding shaped placing shaft with a suitable size is selected, and a plurality of metal castings are combined on the placing shaft, and the spacing between the plurality of metal castings is adjusted;

[0011] Step 2, placing the metal casting: the placing shaft with the plurality of metal castings combined thereon forms a metal casting to be treated, and is sequentially placed on the plurality of groups of lifting placing racks of the first transport vehicle;

[0012] Step three, send the metal casting: the first transport vehicle moves to the second transport vehicle, the second transport vehicle drives the first transport vehicle to move to the heat treatment furnace, the first transport vehicle moves to the inside of the heat treatment furnace, the first transport vehicle and the bottom of the heat treatment furnace cooperate to form an enclosed interval in the furnace;

[0013] Step four, clamp the metal casting: close the furnace door of the heat treatment furnace, and the heat insulation telescopic rotating rods on the furnace door respectively abut against the two ends of the storage shafts at the corresponding positions;

[0014] Step five, surface heat treatment of metal casting: the lifting storage rack is lowered, the rotating motor on the furnace door drives the heat insulation telescopic rotating rods to rotate synchronously, the heat insulation telescopic rotating rods drive the storage shafts at the corresponding positions to rotate, thereby driving the metal castings to rotate at a constant speed; the lifting heating mechanism on the heat treatment furnace is lowered and covers the upper parts of the metal castings at the corresponding positions, the lifting heating mechanism uniformly heats and treats the surface of the metal castings, the heating temperature is 500-800℃, and the heating time is 6 hours;

[0015] Step six, remove the metal casting: the lifting heating mechanism is raised and withdrawn, the lifting storage rack is raised and abuts against the storage shafts, the two side furnace doors of the heat treatment furnace are opened, the first transport vehicle moves to the upper part of the second transport vehicle on the other side of the heat treatment furnace;

[0016] Step seven, metal casting quenching: the second transport vehicle drives the metal casting to move to the quenching area, the lifting storage rack continues to be lowered, and the plurality of groups of lifting storage racks are sequentially accommodated into the slope bottom box, the metal casting to be treated body falls above the slope bottom box, and is inclined and slides into the quenching water pool, and the cooling quenching time is 5 minutes;

[0017] Step eight, metal casting aging: the metal casting to be treated body is placed into the aging furnace, heat air circulation is carried out, the temperature is 160-200℃, and the aging time is 6 hours;

[0018] Step nine, metal casting cooling again: the metal casting is taken out and air-cooled to room temperature.

[0019] The equipment of the steps one to six comprises two symmetrically arranged transport tracks, each of which is provided with a second transport vehicle, a transfer track arranged between one end of the two transport tracks, a furnace lower track arranged between the other end of the two transport tracks, a heat treatment furnace arranged above the furnace lower track, a fan and an electric box arranged at the side of the heat treatment furnace, the transfer track and the furnace lower track having the same height as the second transport vehicle, the first transport vehicle being provided with a plurality of groups of lifting storage racks, the heat treatment furnace being provided with a plurality of evenly arranged lifting heating mechanisms at the upper end thereof, the heat treatment furnace being hingedly connected with symmetrically arranged furnace doors at both ends thereof, each of the two furnace doors being provided with a plurality of evenly arranged heat insulation telescopic rotating rods, one of the two furnace doors being fixed with a rotating motor, and a chain wheel and chain transmission pair being arranged between the output shaft of the rotating motor and the plurality of evenly arranged heat insulation telescopic rotating rods of the one furnace door.

[0020] With the above structure, according to the shape and modeling of the metal castings, a corresponding modeling storage shaft with a suitable size is selected, a plurality of metal castings are threaded on the storage shaft, and the spacing between the plurality of metal castings is adjusted; the storage shaft with the plurality of metal castings threaded thereon forms a metal casting to-be-processed body, which is sequentially placed on the plurality of groups of lifting storage racks of the first transport vehicle; the first transport vehicle moves to the second transport vehicle, the second transport vehicle drives the first transport vehicle to move to the heat treatment furnace along the transport track, the first transport vehicle moves to the inside of the heat treatment furnace away from the second transport vehicle, the first transport vehicle and the bottom of the heat treatment furnace cooperate to form an enclosed interval in the furnace, and the second transport vehicle is reset; the furnace door of the heat treatment furnace is closed, and the plurality of heat insulation telescopic rotating rods of the furnace door abut against the two ends of the storage shaft at the corresponding position; the lifting storage racks are lowered, the rotating motor on the furnace door drives the heat insulation telescopic rotating rods to synchronously rotate, the heat insulation telescopic rotating rods drive the storage shaft with the plurality of metal castings threaded thereon at the corresponding position to rotate, thereby driving the plurality of metal castings to rotate at a constant speed; the lifting heating mechanisms on the heat treatment furnace are lowered to cover the upper portions of the plurality of metal castings at the corresponding position, and the lifting heating mechanisms uniformly heat treat the surfaces of the metal castings; the lifting heating mechanisms are raised to be retracted, the lifting storage racks are raised to abut against the storage shaft, the two side furnace doors of the heat treatment furnace are opened, the first transport vehicle moves to the upper portion of the second transport vehicle on the other side of the heat treatment furnace away from the inside of the heat treatment furnace; the second transport vehicle drives to move to a quenching area along the transport track on the side, the lifting storage racks continue to be lowered, the plurality of groups of lifting storage racks are sequentially accommodated into the inside of the slope bottom box, the metal casting to-be-processed body falls above the slope bottom box and slides to the inside of the quenching water pool, and the cooling quenching time is minutes; the first transport vehicle is moved to the position of the transfer track, and the second transport vehicle is reset.

[0021] The transfer track, the furnace lower track and the two transport tracks form a mouth-shaped structure, and the outer side of the second transport vehicle is provided with two first stop blocks, and the two ends of the transport track are provided with two second stop blocks.

[0022] Adopt the above structure, the transit track, the furnace track and the two transport tracks form a mouth-shaped structure, the first transport car can be used circularly, the first stop block is used for limiting the position of the first transport car, and the second stop block is used for limiting the position of the second transport car.

[0023] The heat treatment furnace comprises a heat treatment furnace body, the heat treatment furnace body is in an inverted U shape, a plurality of air inlet holes are formed in the upper end and both sides of the heat treatment furnace body, a humidity sensor is fixed to the upper end of the heat treatment furnace body, a plurality of temperature sensors are fixed to the side of the heat treatment furnace body, a fan and an electric box are fixed to the side of the heat treatment furnace body, an inner heat insulation box in an inverted U shape is fixed to the inside of the heat treatment furnace body, symmetrically arranged sliding grooves are formed in the left and right sides of the inside of the inner heat insulation box, the humidity sensor and the temperature sensors extend into the inside of the inner heat insulation box, lock rods are hingedly connected to the middle positions of the two end portions of the heat treatment furnace body, and the furnace track is located in the inside of the heat treatment furnace body and directly below the inner heat insulation box.

[0024] The electric box is used for controlling electrical components, the fan is used for air suction, the plurality of air inlet holes are used for air inlet, the inner heat insulation box is cooled, the discharged hot air is injected into the inside of the aging furnace to form air circulation, the sliding grooves are used for clamping the first transport car, the humidity sensor is used for detecting humidity, the temperature sensor is used for detecting temperature, the lock rods are used for locking the furnace door to ensure sealing, and the furnace track is used for conveying the first transport car.

[0025] The lifting heating mechanism comprises two fixed seats, the two fixed seats are fixed to the top of the heat treatment furnace body, first lifting push rods are fixed to the sides of the fixed seats, the telescopic ends of the first lifting push rods are vertically downward, heat avoiding rods are fixed to the telescopic ends of the first lifting push rods, the heat avoiding rods extend into the inside of the inner heat insulation box, heat blocking covers are fixed to the end portions of the two heat avoiding rods, the shapes of the heat blocking covers are selected according to the shapes and models of the metal castings, and a plurality of uniformly distributed heating pipes are fixed to the inside of the heat blocking cover.

[0026] According to the shapes and models of the metal castings, the heat blocking cover with a suitable size and a corresponding shape is selected, the telescopic ends of the two first lifting push rods are lifted to drive the heat blocking cover to be lifted, so that the heating pipes are lifted to be close to the metal casting, the metal casting is rotated, the heating pipes are heated, and the surface of the metal casting is heat treated.

[0027] The outer middle portion of the furnace door is fixed with a door lock catch, the door lock catch is locked with the lock rod on the same side to lock the furnace door, the inner side of the furnace door is fixed with a heat insulation plate, a plurality of evenly distributed avoiding holes are formed in the furnace door and the heat insulation plate, the avoiding holes of the furnace door and the heat insulation plate are opposite to each other, and a plurality of bearing seats are fixed in the inside of the avoiding holes.

[0028] The door lock catch is locked with the lock rod on the same side to lock the furnace door, the avoiding hole and the bearing seat in the avoiding hole are matched to install the heat insulation telescopic rotating rod.

[0029] The heat insulation telescopic rotating rod comprises a spring telescopic sleeve rod, a fixed rod of the spring telescopic sleeve rod is fixed in the inner ring of a plurality of bearing seats in the same avoiding hole, one end of the spring telescopic sleeve rod is provided with a chain wheel and chain transmission pair between the output shaft of the rotating motor on the same side, a heat insulation rod is fixed to the telescopic rod of the spring telescopic sleeve rod, and an end of the heat insulation rod is fixed with a table-shaped inserting rod.

[0030] With the above structure, the output shaft of the rotating motor drives the one end of the spring telescopic sleeve rod of the heat insulation telescopic rotating rod to rotate through the chain wheel and chain transmission pair, thereby driving the heat insulation telescopic rotating rod to rotate, and the table-shaped inserting rod is convenient to insert into the square hole at the end of the storage shaft, thereby driving the storage shaft to rotate.

[0031] The first transport vehicle comprises a wheel vehicle body and a mounting seat, two groups of hinged rod groups are arranged between the wheel vehicle body and the mounting seat, an adjusting screw is transmissionally connected between the two groups of hinged rod groups, a hand wheel is fixed to the end of the adjusting screw, a heat insulation seat is fixed to the upper end of the mounting seat, positioning inserting protrusions are arranged at the two ends of the heat insulation seat, the positioning inserting protrusions are respectively clamped in the sliding grooves at the corresponding positions, a plurality of avoiding through holes are arranged on the heat insulation seat and the mounting seat, an inclined bottom box is fixed to the upper end of the heat insulation seat, a plurality of avoiding storage holes are arranged on the upper end inclined surface of the inclined bottom box, the number and positions of the avoiding through holes and the avoiding storage holes are corresponding, and the upper end surface of the mounting seat is flush with the lower bottom surface of the furnace door.

[0032] With the above structure, the hand wheel drives the adjusting screw to rotate, the adjusting screw cooperates with the two groups of hinged rod groups to drive the mounting seat to ascend and descend, the height of the positioning inserting protrusion is convenient to adjust, the positioning inserting protrusions are respectively clamped in the sliding grooves at the corresponding positions, the avoiding through holes are used for mounting the lifting storage rack, the avoiding storage holes are used for storing the lifting storage rack, and when the lifting storage rack is stored, the storage shafts with a plurality of metal castings are convenient to slide down along the upper end inclined surface of the inclined bottom box.

[0033] The lifting storage rack comprises a second lifting push rod and two symmetrically arranged second hinged rods, the second hinged rod is a right-angle rod, the second lifting push rod is fixed to the lower end of the mounting seat, a sliding rod is fixed to the telescopic end of the second lifting push rod, the sliding rod is slidingly arranged in the avoiding through hole at the corresponding position, a heat blocking block is fixed to the upper end of the sliding rod, the heat blocking block is located at the upper end of the heat insulation seat, a sliding block is fixed to the upper end of the heat blocking block, an adjustable sliding positioning seat is arranged on the sliding block, a hinged plate is fixed to the upper end of the sliding block, the middle parts of the two symmetrically arranged second hinged rods are respectively hinged to the two ends of the hinged plate, a first hinged rod is hinged to the two ends of the sliding positioning seat at one end of the two second hinged rods, and a clamping block is detachably arranged at the other end of the two second hinged rods.

[0034] With the above structure, the telescopic end of the second lifting push rod rises and falls, driving all the components on the upper part of the sliding rod to rise and fall, and can be stored inside the inclined bottom box for releasing the storage shaft with several metal castings inserted. The heat shield is used for heat insulation. According to the shape and design of the metal castings and the storage shaft, a suitable size and shape of the locking block is selected. The sliding positioning seat is adjusted on the sliding rod. The sliding positioning seat pulls the two first hinge rods, and the two first hinge rods pull the second hinge rods on the same side to move synchronously, thereby adjusting the angle of the locking block for supporting the metal castings and the storage shaft.

[0035] Compared with existing technologies, this surface heat treatment process for metal castings has the following advantages:

[0036] The transfer track, the furnace under track, and the two transport tracks form a U-shaped structure. The transfer track and the furnace under track are at the same height as the upper surface of the second transport vehicle, which can realize the cyclic use of the first transport vehicle and form a production line operation for loading, surface heat treatment, and unloading.

[0037] By cooperating with the first transport vehicle and the heat treatment furnace, and by cooperating with the two furnace doors, a closed area inside the furnace is formed to meet the heat preservation requirements of surface heat treatment.

[0038] By cooperating with the furnace door and several insulated telescopic rotating rods, and by cooperating with the insulated telescopic rotating rods and the placement shaft, the placement shaft can be driven to rotate stably and evenly; at the same time, by cooperating with several evenly distributed lifting and heating mechanisms, the surface of the metal casting is subjected to stable and uniform heating treatment.

[0039] By cooperating with the first transport vehicle and the lifting rack, as well as with the inclined bottom box and the lifting rack, the metal casting to be processed, formed by the storage shaft with several metal castings inserted, can be quickly unloaded.

[0040] The blower works in conjunction with the heat treatment furnace body and several air inlets on it to cool the inner insulation box. At the same time, the low-temperature hot air discharged is injected into the aging furnace for hot air circulation. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front three-dimensional structure of some devices in this invention.

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rear three-dimensional structure of some devices in this invention.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the transport track in this invention.

[0045] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the heat treatment furnace in this invention.

[0046] Figure 6 is the transmission schematic diagram of the heat insulation telescopic rotary rod in the application.

[0047] Figure 7 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the lifting heating mechanism in the application.

[0048] Figure 8 is the front view structure schematic diagram of the first transport vehicle in the application.

[0049] Figure 9 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the first transport vehicle in the application.

[0050] Figure 10 is the structure schematic diagram of the lifting storage rack in the application.

[0051] In the figure, 1 is a transport track, 2 is a transfer track, 3 is a first transport vehicle, 4 is a second transport vehicle, 5 is a heat treatment furnace, 6 is a heat insulation telescopic rotary rod, 7 is a lifting heating mechanism, 8 is a fan, 9 is an electric box, 10 is a first stop block, 11 is a second stop block, 12 is a furnace lower track, 13 is a furnace door, 14 is a door lock catch, 15 is a heat insulation plate, 16 is a heat treatment furnace body, 17 is an air inlet hole, 18 is a temperature sensor, 19 is a humidity sensor, 20 is a lock rod, 21 is an inner heat insulation box, 22 is a sliding chute, 23 is a rotary motor, 24 is a chain wheel and chain transmission pair, 25 is a spring telescopic sleeve rod, 26 is a heat insulation rod, 27 is a table type insertion rod, 28 is a fixed seat, 29 is a heat blocking cover, 30 is a heating pipe, 31 is a heat avoiding rod, 32 is a first lifting push rod, 33 is a slope bottom box, 34 is a heat insulation seat, 35 is a mounting seat, 36 is a hinged rod group, 37 is a wheel vehicle main body, 38 is an adjusting screw rod, 39 is a hand wheel, 40 is a lifting storage rack, 41 is a positioning insertion protrusion, 42 is a second lifting push rod, 43 is a sliding rod, 44 is a heat blocking block, 45 is a sliding positioning seat, 46 is a sliding rod, 47 is a hinged plate, 48 is a clamping block, 49 is a second hinged rod, and 50 is a first hinged rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following is a specific embodiment of the application and further describes the technical solutions of the application in combination with the drawings, but the application is not limited to these embodiments.

[0053] As shown in Figures 1-10 , the surface heat treatment process of the metal castings comprises the following processing steps:

[0054] Step one, fixing the metal castings: according to the shape and modeling of the metal castings, selecting the corresponding modeling storage shaft with appropriate size, and threading several metal castings on the storage shaft, adjusting the spacing between the several metal castings;

[0055] Step two, placing metal castings: the placing shafts with several metal castings are placed on the several groups of lifting placing racks of the first transport vehicle to form a metal casting body to be treated;

[0056] Step three, sending metal castings: the first transport vehicle moves to the second transport vehicle, the second transport vehicle drives the first transport vehicle to move to the heat treatment furnace, the first transport vehicle moves away from the second transport vehicle to the inside of the heat treatment furnace, the first transport vehicle cooperates with the bottom of the heat treatment furnace to form a closed interval in the furnace;

[0057] Step four, clamping metal castings: the furnace door of the heat treatment furnace is closed, and the several heat insulation telescopic rotating rods on the furnace door respectively abut against the two ends of the placing shafts at the corresponding positions;

[0058] Step five, surface heat treatment of metal castings: the lifting placing racks are lowered, the rotating motors on the furnace door drive the heat insulation telescopic rotating rods to rotate synchronously, the heat insulation telescopic rotating rods drive the placing shafts with several metal castings at the corresponding positions to rotate at a constant speed, the lifting heating mechanism on the heat treatment furnace is lowered to cover the upper parts of the several metal castings at the corresponding positions, the lifting heating mechanism uniformly heats and treats the surfaces of the metal castings, the heating temperature is 500-800℃, and the heating time is 6 hours;

[0059] Step six, moving out metal castings: the lifting heating mechanism is raised to retract, the lifting placing racks are raised to abut against the placing shafts, the two side furnace doors of the heat treatment furnace are opened, the first transport vehicle moves away from the inside of the heat treatment furnace to the upper part of the second transport vehicle on the other side of the heat treatment furnace;

[0060] Step seven, quenching of metal castings: the second transport vehicle drives to move to a quenching area, the lifting placing racks continue to be lowered, the several groups of lifting placing racks are sequentially accommodated into the inside of the slope bottom box, the metal casting body to be treated falls above the slope bottom box and slides obliquely to the inside of the quenching water pool, and the cooling quenching time is 5 minutes;

[0061] Step eight, aging of metal castings: the metal casting body to be treated is placed into the inside of the aging furnace, hot air circulation is performed, the temperature is 160-200℃, and the aging time is 6 hours;

[0062] Step nine, cooling of metal castings again: the metal castings are taken out and air-cooled to room temperature.

[0063] The equipment of step one to step six comprises two symmetrically arranged transport tracks 1, two first transport vehicles 3, a second transport vehicle 4 arranged on each transport track 1, a transfer track 2 arranged between one end of the two transport tracks 1, a furnace lower track 12 arranged between the other end of the two transport tracks 1, a heat treatment furnace 5 arranged above the furnace lower track 12, a fan 8 and an electric box 9 arranged on the side of the heat treatment furnace 5, the transfer track 2 and the furnace lower track 12 having the same height as the second transport vehicle 4, the first transport vehicle 3 being provided with a plurality of groups of lifting storage racks 40, the heat treatment furnace 5 being provided with a plurality of evenly arranged lifting heating mechanisms 7 at the upper end, the heat treatment furnace 5 being hingedly connected with symmetrically arranged furnace doors 13 at both ends, the two furnace doors 13 each being provided with a plurality of evenly arranged heat insulation telescopic rotating rods 6, one of the furnace doors 13 being fixed with a rotating motor 23, and the output shaft of the rotating motor 23 being connected with the plurality of evenly arranged heat insulation telescopic rotating rods 6 on the one of the furnace doors 13 through a chain wheel and chain transmission pair 24.

[0064] According to the shape and modeling of the metal castings, corresponding modeling storage shafts of appropriate sizes are selected, and a plurality of metal castings are threaded on the storage shafts, and the spacing between the plurality of metal castings is adjusted;

[0065] The storage shafts threaded with the plurality of metal castings form a metal casting to-be-processed body, which is sequentially placed on the plurality of groups of lifting storage racks 40 of the first transport vehicle 3;

[0066] The first transport vehicle 3 moves to the second transport vehicle 4, the second transport vehicle 4 drives the first transport vehicle 3 to move to the heat treatment furnace 5 along the transport track 1, the first transport vehicle 3 moves to the inside of the heat treatment furnace 5 away from the second transport vehicle 4, the first transport vehicle 3 cooperates with the bottom of the heat treatment furnace 5 to form an enclosed interval in the furnace, and the second transport vehicle 4 is reset;

[0067] The furnace doors 13 of the heat treatment furnace are closed, and the plurality of heat insulation telescopic rotating rods 6 on the furnace doors 13 abut against the two ends of the storage shafts at the corresponding positions;

[0068] The lifting storage racks 40 are lowered, the rotating motor 23 on the furnace door drives the heat insulation telescopic rotating rods 6 to synchronously rotate, the heat insulation telescopic rotating rods 6 drive the storage shafts threaded with the plurality of metal castings at the corresponding positions to rotate, thereby driving the plurality of metal castings to rotate at a constant speed, the lifting heating mechanisms 7 on the heat treatment furnace 5 are lowered to cover the upper portions of the plurality of metal castings at the corresponding positions, the lifting heating mechanisms 7 uniformly heat treat the surfaces of the metal castings, the heating temperature is 500-800℃, and the heating time is 6 hours;

[0069] The lifting heating mechanisms 7 are raised to be retracted, the lifting storage racks 40 are raised to abut against the storage shafts, the two furnace doors 13 of the heat treatment furnace 5 are opened, the first transport vehicle 3 moves to the inside of the heat treatment furnace 5 away from the second transport vehicle 4, and moves to the upper portion of the second transport vehicle 4 on the other side of the heat treatment furnace 5;

[0070] The second transport vehicle 4 is driven along the transport track 1 on the side to the quenching area, the lifting racks 40 continue to descend, and a plurality of groups of lifting racks 40 are sequentially accommodated in the slope bottom box, the metal castings to be treated are placed above the slope bottom box 33 and slide to the quenching water pool, the cooling quenching time is 5 minutes, and the first transport vehicle 3 is moved to the position of the transfer track 2, and the second transport vehicle 4 is reset.

[0071] The transfer track 2, the furnace bottom track 12 and the two transport tracks 1 form a mouth-shaped structure, the outer side of the second transport vehicle 4 is provided with two first stop blocks 10, the two ends of the transport track 1 are provided with two second stop blocks 11, and the transfer track 2 and the furnace bottom track 12 are the same height as the upper end surface of the second transport vehicle 4.

[0072] The transfer track 2, the furnace bottom track 12 and the two transport tracks 1 form a mouth-shaped structure, the first transport vehicle 3 can be used circularly, the first stop block 10 is used to limit the position of the first transport vehicle 3, and the second stop block 11 is used to limit the position of the second transport vehicle 4.

[0073] The heat treatment furnace 5 comprises a heat treatment furnace body 16, the heat treatment furnace body 16 is in an inverted U-shaped structure, a plurality of air inlet holes 17 are formed in the upper end and the two sides of the heat treatment furnace body 16, a humidity sensor 19 is fixed to the upper end of the heat treatment furnace body 16, a plurality of temperature sensors 18 are fixed to the side of the heat treatment furnace body 16, a fan 8 and an electric box 9 are fixed to the side of the heat treatment furnace body 16, an inner heat insulation box 21 in an inverted U-shaped structure is fixed in the heat treatment furnace body 16, symmetrical sliding grooves 22 are formed in the left and right sides of the inner heat insulation box 21, the humidity sensor 19 and the temperature sensor 18 extend into the inner heat insulation box 21, lock rods 20 are hingedly connected to the middle positions of the two end portions of the heat treatment furnace body 16, and the furnace bottom track 12 is located in the heat treatment furnace body 16 and directly below the inner heat insulation box 21.

[0074] The electric box 9 is used to control the electrical components, the fan 8 inhales air, the air inlet holes 17 inhale air, the inner heat insulation box 21 is cooled, the exhaust hot air is injected into the aging furnace, the air circulation is formed, the sliding grooves 22 are used to clamp the first transport vehicle 3, the humidity sensor 19 is used to detect humidity, the temperature sensor 18 is used to detect temperature, the lock rod 20 is used to lock the furnace door 13 to ensure sealing, and the furnace bottom track 12 is used to convey the first transport vehicle 3.

[0075] The lifting heating mechanism 7 comprises two fixed seats 28 fixed on the top of the heat treatment furnace body 16, the side of each fixed seat 28 is fixed with a first lifting push rod 32, the telescopic end of each first lifting push rod 32 is vertically downward, the telescopic end of each first lifting push rod 32 is fixed with a heat avoiding rod 31, the heat avoiding rod 31 extends into the inside of the inner heat insulation box 21, the end of each heat avoiding rod 31 is fixed with a heat blocking cover 29, the shape of the heat blocking cover 29 is selected according to the shape and model of the metal casting, and a plurality of evenly distributed heating pipes 30 are fixed in the inside of the heat blocking cover 29.

[0076] According to the shape and model of the metal casting, the heat blocking cover 29 with a suitable size and corresponding shape is selected, the telescopic end of each first lifting push rod 32 is lifted to drive the heat blocking cover 29 to lift, thereby driving the heating pipes 30 to lift, so that the heating pipes 30 are close to the metal casting, the metal casting is rotated, and the heating pipes 30 heat to perform heat treatment on the surface of the metal casting.

[0077] The outer middle part of the furnace door 13 is fixed with a door lock catch 14, the door lock catch 14 cooperates with the lock rod 20 on the same side to lock the furnace door 13, the inner side of the furnace door 13 is fixed with a heat insulation plate 15, a plurality of avoiding holes are arranged on the furnace door 13 and the heat insulation plate 15, the avoiding holes on the furnace door 13 and the heat insulation plate 15 are opposite to each other, and a plurality of bearing seats are fixed in the inside of the avoiding holes.

[0078] The door lock catch 14 cooperates with the lock rod 20 on the same side to lock the furnace door 13, the avoiding holes and the bearing seats in the inside of the avoiding holes cooperate to install the heat insulation telescopic rotating rod 6.

[0079] The heat insulation telescopic rotating rod 6 comprises a spring telescopic sleeve rod 25, the fixed rod of the spring telescopic sleeve rod 25 is fixed in the inside of the inner ring of the bearing seat in the same avoiding hole, one end of the spring telescopic sleeve rod 25 extends out of the furnace door 13 and is provided with a chain wheel and chain transmission pair 24 between the output shaft of the rotating motor 23 on the same side, the telescopic rod of the spring telescopic sleeve rod 25 is fixed with a heat insulation rod 26, the end of the heat insulation rod 26 is fixed with a table type plug rod 27, and square holes matching the size of the table type plug rod 27 are arranged on both ends of the storage shaft.

[0080] The output shaft of the rotating motor 23 drives one end of the spring telescopic sleeve rod 25 of each heat insulation telescopic rotating rod 6 to rotate through the chain wheel and chain transmission pair 24, thereby driving the heat insulation telescopic rotating rod 6 to rotate, and the table type plug rod 27 is inserted into the square hole in the end of the storage shaft, thereby driving the storage shaft to rotate.

[0081] The first transport vehicle 3 comprises a wheel vehicle body 37 and a mounting seat 35, two sets of hinged rod groups 36 are arranged between the wheel vehicle body 37 and the mounting seat 35, an adjusting screw rod 38 is in transmission connection between the two sets of hinged rod groups 36, an end of the adjusting screw rod 38 is fixedly provided with a hand wheel 39, an upper end of the mounting seat 35 is fixedly provided with a heat insulation seat 34, both ends of the heat insulation seat 34 are provided with positioning insert protrusions 41, the positioning insert protrusions 41 are respectively clamped in the inside of the corresponding position sliding groove 22, a plurality of avoiding through holes are arranged on the heat insulation seat 34 and the mounting seat 35, an upper end of the heat insulation seat 34 is fixedly provided with a slope bottom box 33, a plurality of avoiding storage holes are arranged on the upper end slope surface of the slope bottom box 33, the number and position of the avoiding through holes and the avoiding storage holes are corresponding, and the upper end surface of the mounting seat 35 is flush with the lower bottom surface of the furnace door 13.

[0082] The hand wheel 39 drives the adjusting screw rod 38 to rotate, the adjusting screw rod 38 is matched with the two sets of hinged rod groups 36, the mounting seat 35 is driven to ascend and descend, the height of the positioning insert protrusion 41 is adjusted, the positioning insert protrusion 41 is clamped in the inside of the corresponding position sliding groove 22, the avoiding through hole is used for mounting the lifting storage rack 40, the avoiding storage hole is used for storing the lifting storage rack 40, when the lifting storage rack 40 is collected, the storage shaft with a plurality of metal castings is conveniently worn and combined, and is slid downward along the upper end slope surface of the slope bottom box 33.

[0083] The lifting storage rack 40 comprises a second lifting push rod 42 and two symmetrically arranged second hinged rods 49, the second hinged rod 49 is a right-angle rod, the second lifting push rod 42 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the mounting seat 35, the telescopic end of the second lifting push rod 42 is fixedly provided with a sliding rod 43, the sliding rod 43 is slidingly arranged in the inside of the corresponding position avoiding through hole, the upper end of the sliding rod 43 is fixedly provided with a heat blocking block 44, the heat blocking block 44 is located at the upper end of the heat insulation seat 34, the upper end of the heat blocking block 44 is fixedly provided with a sliding rod 46, the sliding rod 46 is adjustably provided with a sliding positioning seat 45, the upper end of the sliding rod 46 is fixedly provided with a hinged plate 47, the middle parts of the two symmetrically arranged second hinged rods 49 are respectively hinged to the two ends of the hinged plate 47, one end of the two second hinged rods 49 is respectively hinged with a first hinged rod 50 at the two ends of the sliding positioning seat 45, and the other end of the two second hinged rods 49 is respectively provided with a clamping block 48.

[0084] The telescopic end of the second lifting push rod 42 is lifted, all components on the upper part of the sliding rod 43 are lifted, and are collected into the inside of the slope bottom box 33, the heat blocking block 44 is used for heat insulation, the clamping block 48 with a suitable size and shape is selected according to the shape and modeling of the metal casting and the storage shaft, the sliding positioning seat 45 is adjusted on the sliding rod 46, the sliding positioning seat 45 pulls the two first hinged rods 50, the two first hinged rods 50 respectively pull the second hinged rods 49 on the same side to move synchronously, thereby the angle of the clamping block 48 is adjusted, and the clamping block 48 is used for supporting the metal casting and the storage shaft.

[0085] The working principle of the present application is:

[0086] Step one, fix the metal castings: according to the shape and modeling of the metal castings, select the corresponding modeling of the appropriate size of the storage shaft, wear several metal castings on the storage shaft, adjust the spacing between several metal castings;

[0087] Step two, place the metal castings: the storage shaft with several metal castings forms a metal casting to be processed body, according to the shape and modeling of the metal castings and the storage shaft, select the appropriate size and modeling of the block 48, adjust the sliding positioning seat 45 on the slide rod 46, pull the two first hinged rods 50, and the two first hinged rods 50 pull the second hinged rod 49 on the same side to move synchronously, so as to adjust the angle of the block 48, and place the metal casting to be processed body on the adjusting block 48 of the first transport car 3 in turn;

[0088] Step three, the first transport car 3 moves above the second transport car 4 along the transport track 1 to the heat treatment furnace 5, the first transport car 3 moves to the inside of the heat treatment furnace 5, the hand wheel 39 drives the adjusting screw 38 to rotate, the adjusting screw 38 cooperates with the two groups of hinged rod groups 36 to drive the mounting seat 35 to rise and fall, so as to adjust the height of the positioning protrusion 41, the positioning protrusion 41 is respectively clamped in the corresponding position of the sliding groove 22, the first transport car 3 and the bottom of the heat treatment furnace 5 cooperate to form a closed interval in the furnace, and the second transport car 4 is reset;

[0089] Step four, clamp the metal castings: close the furnace door 13 of the heat treatment furnace, the door lock catch 14 cooperates with the lock rod 20 on the same side to lock the furnace door 13, the several heat insulation telescopic rotating rods 6 on the two sides of the furnace door 13 are respectively inserted into the square hole at the end of the storage shaft, and the upper end surface of the mounting seat 35 is flush with the lower bottom surface of the furnace door 13;

[0090] Step five, surface heat treatment of metal casting: the telescopic end of the second lifting push rod 42 of the lifting holder 40 is lowered, the metal casting to be treated is separated from the adjusting clamping block 48 of the lifting holder 40, the output shaft of the rotating motor 23 on the furnace door 13 drives the one end of the spring telescopic sleeve rod 25 of the heat insulation telescopic rotating rod 6 through the chain wheel and chain transmission pair 24, thereby driving the heat insulation telescopic rotating rod 6 to rotate, and then driving the corresponding position of the holder shaft 5 through the cooperation of the table type plug rod 27 and the square hole, thereby driving the several metal castings to rotate at a constant speed; according to the shape and modeling of the metal casting, the corresponding modeling heat shield 29 with a suitable size is selected, the telescopic end of the two first lifting push rods 32 is lifted, thereby driving the heat shield 29 to descend, and driving the heating pipe 30 to descend, so that the heating pipe 30 is close to the metal casting, and the heating pipe 30 uniformly heats the surface of the metal casting, and the heating temperature is 500-800℃, and the heating time is 6 hours;

[0091] Step six, remove the metal casting: the lifting heating mechanism 7 is lifted and retracted, the telescopic end of the two first lifting push rods 32 is lifted, and the telescopic end of the second lifting push rod 42 of the lifting holder 40 is lifted, thereby pressing the holder shaft 5, opening the two side furnace doors 13 of the heat treatment furnace 5, and moving the first transport vehicle 3 to the upper part of the second transport vehicle 4 on the other side of the heat treatment furnace 5;

[0092] Step seven, quenching of metal casting: the second transport vehicle 4 drives the metal casting to be treated to move to the quenching area, the telescopic end of the second lifting push rod 42 of the lifting holder is lowered, thereby driving all the parts on the upper part of the sliding rod 43 to descend and be accommodated in the inside of the slope bottom box 33, the metal casting to be treated falls above the slope bottom box 33 and slides to the inside of the quenching water pool, and the cooling quenching time is 5 minutes;

[0093] Step eight, aging of metal casting: the metal casting to be treated is placed in the inside of the aging furnace, the fan 8 inhales air, the air inlet hole 17 inhales air, the inner heat insulation box 21 is cooled, the low-temperature hot air discharged is injected into the inside of the aging furnace, heat circulation is carried out, the temperature is 160-200℃, and the aging time is 6 hours;

[0094] Step nine, cooling of metal casting: the metal casting is taken out and air-cooled to room temperature.

[0095] In summary, the transfer track 2, the furnace lower track 12 and the two transport tracks 1 form a mouth-shaped structure, the transfer track 2 and the furnace lower track 12 are the same as the upper end surface of the second transport vehicle 4, the first transport vehicle 3 can be circularly used, and a flow line type operation of feeding, surface heat treatment and unloading is formed;

[0096] Through the cooperation of the first transport vehicle 3 and the heat treatment furnace 5 and the cooperation of the heat treatment furnace 5 and the two furnace doors 13, a closed interval in the furnace is formed, and the heat preservation requirement of the surface heat treatment is met.

[0097] Through the cooperation of the furnace door 13 with the heat insulation telescopic rotating rod 6 and the cooperation of the heat insulation telescopic rotating rod 6 with the storage shaft, the stable and uniform rotation of the storage shaft is realized; at the same time, through the cooperation with the several evenly distributed lifting heating mechanisms 7, the surface of the metal casting is stably and uniformly heated;

[0098] Through the cooperation of the first transport vehicle 3 with the lifting storage rack 40 and the cooperation of the slope bottom box 33 and the lifting storage rack 40, the metal casting to be processed body formed by the storage shaft with several metal castings is quickly unloaded;

[0099] Through the cooperation of the fan 8 with the heat treatment furnace body 16 and the several air inlet holes 17 thereon, the inner heat insulation box 21 is cooled, and the low-temperature hot air discharged is injected into the aging furnace to circulate.

[0100] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the present application. Those skilled in the art of the present application can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or replace them with similar ways, without departing from the spirit of the present application or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A surface heat treatment process for metal castings, characterized in that, The following processing steps are included: Step 1, Fix the metal castings: According to the shape and design of the metal castings, select a suitable size and shape of the placement shaft, thread several metal castings onto the placement shaft, and adjust the spacing between the metal castings. Step 2, placing metal castings: The storage shaft with several metal castings inserted is used to form a metal casting to be processed, and then it is placed on several sets of lifting storage racks of the first transport vehicle in sequence. Step 3, feeding in the metal casting: The first transport vehicle moves onto the second transport vehicle, the second transport vehicle drives the first transport vehicle to the heat treatment furnace, the first transport vehicle leaves the second transport vehicle and moves into the heat treatment furnace, the first transport vehicle and the bottom of the heat treatment furnace cooperate to form a closed area inside the furnace; Step 4, clamping the metal casting: close the furnace door of the heat treatment furnace, and several heat-insulating telescopic rotating rods on the furnace door respectively abut against the two ends of the corresponding placement shaft; Step 5, heat treatment of metal castings: The lifting rack descends, and the rotating motor on the furnace door drives the heat-insulating telescopic rotating rod to rotate synchronously. The heat-insulating telescopic rotating rod drives the corresponding placement shaft with several metal castings to rotate, thereby causing several metal castings to rotate at a uniform speed; the lifting heating mechanism on the heat treatment furnace descends and covers the upper part of several metal castings at the corresponding positions. The lifting heating mechanism performs uniform heating treatment on the surface of the metal castings. The heating temperature is 500-800℃, and the heating time is 6 hours. Step 6, Remove the metal casting: The lifting heating mechanism rises and retracts, the lifting shelf rises and holds the shelf shaft, the furnace doors on both sides of the heat treatment furnace are opened, the first transport vehicle leaves the interior of the heat treatment furnace and moves to the top of the second transport vehicle on the other side of the heat treatment furnace. Step 7, Quenching of metal castings: The second transport vehicle moves to the quenching area, the lifting rack continues to descend, and several sets of lifting racks are successively put into the inclined bottom box. The metal castings to be processed fall on the top of the inclined bottom box and slide down into the quenching water pool. The cooling and quenching time is 5 minutes. Step 8, Aging of metal castings: Place the metal casting to be treated into the aging furnace, circulate hot air at a temperature of 160-200℃, and aging for 6 hours. Step 9, Cooling the metal casting again: Remove the metal casting and air cool it to room temperature.

2. The surface heat treatment process for metal castings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The equipment described in steps one through six includes two symmetrically arranged transport tracks and two first transport vehicles. Each transport track is equipped with a second transport vehicle. A transfer track connects one end of the two transport tracks, and a furnace under track connects the other end. A heat treatment furnace is located above the furnace under track. A fan and electrical box are located on the side of the heat treatment furnace. The height of the transfer track and the furnace under track is the same as the height of the second transport vehicles. Several sets of lifting racks are installed on the first transport vehicles. Several evenly distributed lifting heating mechanisms are installed at the top of the heat treatment furnace. Symmetrically arranged furnace doors are hinged at both ends of the heat treatment furnace. Several evenly distributed heat-insulating telescopic rotating rods are installed on each of the two furnace doors. A rotating motor is fixed to one of the furnace doors. A sprocket and chain drive pair is provided between the output shaft of the rotating motor and the several evenly distributed heat-insulating telescopic rotating rods on one of the furnace doors.

3. The surface heat treatment process for metal castings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transfer track, the furnace bottom track, and the two transport tracks form a U-shaped structure. The outer side of the second transport vehicle is equipped with two first blocks, and the two ends of the transport tracks are equipped with two second blocks. The transfer track and the furnace bottom track are at the same height as the upper surface of the second transport vehicle.

4. The surface heat treatment process for metal castings according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heat treatment furnace includes a furnace body in the shape of an inverted U. Several air inlets are provided at the top and sides of the furnace body. A humidity sensor is fixed at the top of the furnace body, and several temperature sensors are fixed at the sides. A fan and electrical box are fixed to the sides of the furnace body. An inverted U-shaped inner insulation box is fixed inside the furnace body. Symmetrically arranged sliding grooves are provided on the left and right sides of the inner insulation box. Both the humidity and temperature sensors extend into the inner insulation box. Locking rods are hinged at the middle of both ends of the furnace body. The furnace bottom track is located inside the furnace body and directly below the inner insulation box.

5. The surface heat treatment process for metal castings according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lifting and heating mechanism includes two fixed seats, which are fixed to the top of the heat treatment furnace body. A first lifting push rod is fixed to the side of each fixed seat. The telescopic end of the first lifting push rod is vertically downward. A heat shield rod is fixed to the telescopic end of the first lifting push rod. The heat shield rod extends into the interior of the inner heat insulation box. A heat shield cover is fixed to the end of the two heat shield rods. The shape of the heat shield cover is selected according to the shape and design of the metal casting. Several evenly distributed heating tubes are fixed inside the heat shield cover.

6. The surface heat treatment process for metal castings according to claim 5, characterized in that, A door lock is fixed at the middle of the outer end of the furnace door. The door lock cooperates with the locking rod on the same side to lock the furnace door. A heat insulation plate is fixed on the inner side of the furnace door. Several evenly distributed clearance holes are opened on the furnace door and the heat insulation plate. The clearance holes of the furnace door and the heat insulation plate are aligned. Several bearing seats are fixed inside the clearance holes.

7. The surface heat treatment process for metal castings according to claim 6, characterized in that, The heat-insulating telescopic rotating rod includes a spring telescopic sleeve rod. The fixing rod of the spring telescopic sleeve rod is fixed inside the inner ring of several bearing seats inside the same clearance hole. One end of the spring telescopic sleeve rod extends out of the furnace door and is connected to the output shaft of the rotating motor on the same side by a sprocket and chain transmission pair. The telescopic rod of the spring telescopic sleeve rod is fixed with a heat-insulating rod. The end of the heat-insulating rod is fixed with a platform-shaped insert rod. Both ends of the placement shaft are provided with square holes that match the size of the platform-shaped insert rod.

8. The surface heat treatment process for metal castings according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first transport vehicle includes a wheeled vehicle body and a mounting base. Two sets of hinged rods are provided between the wheeled vehicle body and the mounting base. An adjusting screw is connected between the two sets of hinged rods. A handwheel is fixed to the end of the adjusting screw. A heat insulation seat is fixed to the upper end of the mounting base. Both ends of the heat insulation seat are provided with positioning protrusions, which are respectively engaged in the sliding grooves at corresponding positions. Several clearance through holes are opened on the heat insulation seat and the mounting base. A sloping bottom box is fixed to the upper end of the heat insulation seat. Several clearance and storage holes are opened on the upper sloping surface of the sloping bottom box. The number and position of the clearance through holes correspond to those of the clearance and storage holes. The upper end surface of the mounting base is flush with the lower bottom surface of the furnace door.

9. The surface heat treatment process for metal castings according to claim 8, characterized in that, The lifting shelf includes a second lifting push rod and two symmetrically arranged second hinge rods. The second hinge rods are right-angle rods. The second lifting push rod is fixed to the lower end of the mounting base. A sliding rod is fixed to the telescopic end of the second lifting push rod. The sliding rod is slidably arranged inside the clearance through hole at the corresponding position. A heat-blocking block is fixed to the upper end of the sliding rod. The heat-blocking block is located at the upper end of the heat insulation base. A sliding rod is fixed to the upper end of the heat-blocking block. A sliding positioning seat is adjustablely provided on the sliding rod. A hinge plate is fixed to the upper end of the sliding rod. The middle parts of the two symmetrically arranged second hinge rods are respectively hinged to the two ends of the hinge plate. One end of each of the two second hinge rods is respectively hinged to the two ends of the sliding positioning seat with a first hinge rod. The other end of each of the two second hinge rods is detachably provided with a locking block.

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