Variable-damping tuned mass damper and construction method

Abstract

This invention discloses a variable damping tuned mass damper and its construction method, comprising a top plate, a bottom plate, a mass block, several elastic elements, a guide assembly, an eddy current damper assembly, and a position adjustment assembly. The top plate and bottom plate are arranged opposite to each other, and the mass block is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate. Connecting parts are provided around the mass block. The several elastic elements are arranged between the bottom plate and the connecting parts. The guide assembly passes through the elastic elements, with one end fixedly connected to the bottom plate and the other end movably passing through the connecting parts and fixedly connected to the top plate. The eddy current damper assembly includes a permanent magnet, a conductor plate, and a support. The permanent magnet is fixedly mounted in the middle of the side wall of the mass block. The conductor plate is arranged opposite to the permanent magnet and connected to the position adjustment assembly through the support. The position adjustment assembly allows the conductor plate to move relative to the permanent magnet to adjust the damping magnitude. Through field testing and reasonable damping design, the vibration reduction effect of the damper is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vibration control technology, specifically to a variable damping tuned mass damper and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] The working principle of a tuned mass damper (TMD) is to create a tuned resonance effect between the added substructure and the controlled main structure, thereby redistributing the vibration energy of the main structure caused by external excitation and reducing structural vibration. It is particularly suitable for improving the comfort of high-rise buildings, flexible floors, and bridges, and also has applications in earthquake engineering.

[0003] Traditional on-site construction structures commonly exhibit vibration characteristics that deviate from the designed structure. TMDs are particularly sensitive to frequency and damping; a 5% deviation between the TMD frequency and the structure can reduce vibration reduction efficiency by 15%. Therefore, if the TMD is designed and installed using traditional methods—manufacturing it based on the structural design frequency without considering actual structural vibration characteristics—the vibration reduction effect will be significantly reduced, making it difficult to meet the expected vibration control targets.

[0004] The aforementioned existing tuned mass dampers suffer from a technical problem where the vibration reduction effect decreases due to deviations from the actual vibration characteristics of building structures. Therefore, improving the vibration reduction effect of tuned mass dampers is a problem that needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problem that existing tuned mass dampers deviate from the actual vibration characteristics of building structures, resulting in a decrease in vibration reduction effect, the present invention aims to provide a variable damping tuned mass damper and its construction method. Through on-site testing and reasonable damping design, the optimal vibration reduction performance of the damper can be achieved, thereby improving structural comfort.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a variable damping tuned mass damper, comprising a top plate, a bottom plate, a mass block, several elastic elements, a guide assembly, an eddy current damper assembly, and a position adjustment assembly. The top plate and the bottom plate are arranged opposite to each other, the mass block is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate, and a connecting portion is provided around the mass block. The several elastic elements are disposed between the bottom plate and the connecting portion. The guide assembly passes through the elastic elements, with one end fixedly connected to the bottom plate and the other end movably passing through the connecting portion and fixedly connected to the top plate. The eddy current damper assembly includes a permanent magnet, a conductor plate, and a support. The permanent magnet is fixedly mounted in the middle of the side wall of the mass block. The conductor plate is arranged opposite to the permanent magnet and connected to the position adjustment assembly through the support. The position adjustment assembly allows the conductor plate to move relative to the permanent magnet, thereby changing the magnetic field strength and adjusting the damping magnitude of the eddy current damper assembly.

[0007] Furthermore, the mass block includes a mass block body and a plurality of connecting portions extending outward from the mass block body. The mass block body is fixedly mounted on the base plate, and the connecting portions are formed by extending outward from the side of the mass block body.

[0008] Furthermore, the elastic element is a shape memory alloy (SMA) spring, and both ends of the elastic element are fixedly connected to the connection part of the base plate and the mass block, respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, the conductor plate is a copper plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the position adjustment component includes a guide rail, a slider, and limiting blocks. The guide rail is fixedly mounted on the base plate, the slider is slidably mounted on the guide rail and connected to the bracket, and the limiting blocks are located on both sides of the slider for fixing the slider.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a construction method for a variable damping tuned mass damper, the construction method comprising:

[0012] (1) Vibration characteristics analysis of the main structure: First, the vibration characteristics of the main structure are simulated by frequency sweep analysis (or harmonic response analysis) to obtain the design vibration frequency of the main structure.

[0013] (2) The optimal parameter design of AD-TMD theory: Based on the design vibration frequency of the main structure, the optimal parameter design of key AD-TMD parameters, including mass, stiffness and damping, is carried out by TMD parameter optimization scheme or genetic algorithm. Based on the parameters of AD-TMD, the relationship between magnetic induction intensity and AD-TMD damping ratio and slider adjustment position is obtained through simulation and experiment.

[0014] (3) Measure the vibration characteristics of the main structure. Conduct vibration characteristic tests on the main structure on site to obtain the deviation between the actual building structure vibration frequency and the design structure vibration frequency. Then, find the optimal damping under the corresponding deviation.

[0015] (4) AD-TMD damping adjustment: Based on the optimal damping value under the corresponding deviation, adjust the slider to the optimal damping value and then fix it by the limit block. Finally, install AD-TMD onto the main structure.

[0016] The variable damping tuned mass damper and construction method provided by this invention can change the magnetic field strength by moving the conductor plate through a slider, thereby changing the damping magnitude. The strength corresponding to different displacements can be determined through pre-testing and simulation. On-site, only the slider needs to be adjusted to change the damping based on the test results of the vibration characteristics of the main structure. After the slider is adjusted, it is fixed by a limit block. The operation is simple and can greatly improve the vibration reduction effect of the damper.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the variable damping tuned mass damper and construction method provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. After traditional dampers are delivered to the site, the vibration characteristics deviate due to errors in building structure design and construction, which reduces the damping effect of the dampers. The variable damping tuned mass damper provided in this solution is tested on the main structure on site, and the damping of the variable damping tuned mass damper is adjusted accordingly to further improve the damping effect of the damper.

[0019] 2. Traditional dampers cannot achieve vibration characteristics such as frequency or damping changes. The variable damping tuned mass damper provided in this solution achieves damping adjustment. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the variable damping tuned mass damper provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the position adjustment component in the variable damping tuned mass damper provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the construction method of the variable damping tuned mass damper provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of the damping ratio on the vibration reduction effect under the tuning condition of the variable damping tuned mass damper provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of the damping ratio on the vibration reduction effect of the variable damping tuned mass damper provided by the present invention under a 10% misalignment.

[0026] Illustration:

[0027] Variable damping tuned mass damper 10, top plate 100, bottom plate 200, mass block 300, elastic element 400, guide assembly 500, eddy current damper assembly 600, position adjustment assembly 700.

[0028] Mass block body 310, connecting part 320, permanent magnet 610, conductor plate 620, bracket 630, guide rail 710, slider 720, limit block 730. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below with reference to specific illustrations.

[0030] See Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the variable damping tuned mass damper 10 provided by the present invention.

[0031] As shown in the figure, the variable damping tuned mass damper 10 provided by the present invention includes seven components: a top plate 100, a bottom plate 200, a mass block 300, several elastic elements 400, a guide assembly 500, an eddy current damper assembly 600, and a position adjustment assembly 700.

[0032] The top plate 100 and the bottom plate 200 are arranged opposite to each other. The mass block 300 is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate 200. The mass block 300 is provided with connecting parts 320 around its perimeter. The elastic element 400 is disposed between the connecting parts 320 of the bottom plate 200 and the mass block 300. The guide component 500 passes through the elastic element 400, with one end fixedly connected to the bottom plate 200 and the other end movably passing through the connecting parts 320 and fixedly connected to the top plate 100. The eddy current damper assembly 600 includes a permanent magnet 610, a conductor plate 620 and a bracket 630. The permanent magnet 610 is fixedly mounted in the middle of the side wall of the mass block 300. The conductor plate 620 is arranged opposite to the permanent magnet 610 and is connected to the position adjustment assembly 700 through the bracket 630. The position adjustment assembly 700 allows the conductor plate 620 to move relative to the permanent magnet 610, thereby adjusting the damping magnitude.

[0033] Furthermore, the base plate 200 serves as the main structural element, supporting other components.

[0034] The mass block 300 is block-shaped and fixedly mounted on the base plate 200. When the variable damping tuned mass damper 10 is subjected to an external force, the mass block 300 will generate an inertial force, thereby counteracting the effect of the external force and reducing the vibration of the variable damping tuned mass damper 10.

[0035] To further increase the applicability of the mass block 300, the mass block 300 can also be adopted in a split type, with several layers of mass blocks 300 being detachably stacked and connected to achieve prefabricated installation. The number of mass blocks 300 can be changed according to actual usage requirements.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, the mass block 300 is preferably made of pure iron. In order to achieve the carbon reduction target, the mass block 300 may also be made of construction waste. If a construction waste mass block is used, since the construction waste is composed of waste of different diameters, eccentric torsion should be avoided.

[0037] The mass block 300 includes a mass block body 310 and a plurality of connecting parts 320 extending outward from the mass block body 310. The mass block body 310 is fixedly mounted on the base plate 200, and the connecting parts 320 are formed by extending outward from the side of the mass block body 310 for connecting with other components.

[0038] The number of connecting parts 320 in this solution is not limited and can be determined according to actual needs. For example, in this instance, there are four connecting parts 320, which are symmetrically located at both ends of two opposite sides of the mass block body 310.

[0039] Several elastic elements 400 are disposed between the connecting part 320 of the mass block 300 and the base plate 200. The two ends of the elastic elements 400 are fixedly connected to the connecting part 320 and the base plate 200 respectively. When the damper is subjected to external force, the elastic elements 400 will deform. When deformed, they can absorb a certain amount of vibration force, thereby reducing the vibration of the damper.

[0040] Here, the elastic element 400 can be a shape memory alloy (SMA) spring. This spring will undergo a brief deformation when subjected to external force, but will return to its original shape when the external force disappears. It has strong deformation recovery ability and superelasticity, which can further improve the vibration reduction performance.

[0041] The top plate 100 is positioned above the mass block 300 and is connected to the bottom plate 200 via a guide assembly 500. The guide assembly 500 passes through the elastic element 400, with one end connected to the bottom plate 200 and the other end movably passing through the connecting portion 320 of the mass block 300 and connecting to the top plate 100, thereby fixing the top plate 100 and the bottom plate 200. The mass block 300 fixed on the bottom plate 200 can move axially relative to the top plate 100 via the guide assembly 500.

[0042] The eddy current damper assembly 600 includes a permanent magnet 610, a conductor plate 620, and a support 630. The permanent magnet 610 is fixedly mounted in the middle of the side wall of the mass block 300. The conductor plate 620 and the permanent magnet 610 are arranged opposite each other, maintaining a certain gap, preferably 5mm to 10mm. The assembly is connected to a position adjustment component 700 via the support 630. The conductor plate 620 can move left and right relative to the permanent magnet 610 through the position adjustment component 700. Utilizing the principle of electromagnetic induction, the permanent magnet 610 generates a stable magnetic field. When the conductor plate 620 moves in the magnetic field, eddy currents are generated. These eddy currents generate resistance. By moving the conductor plate 620 relative to the permanent magnet 610, a change in magnetic field strength is created, thereby adjusting the damping magnitude of the eddy current damper assembly 600.

[0043] In practical applications, before installing the damper, the vibration characteristics of the main structure are tested on-site. The test can measure the deviation between the actual vibration frequency and the designed vibration frequency of the structure. Then, based on the optimal damping value under the corresponding deviation, the damping magnitude of the eddy current damper assembly 600 is changed by moving the conductor plate 620 to adjust to the optimal damping. This can greatly improve the vibration reduction effect of the damper.

[0044] Preferably, the conductor plate 620 is made of copper plate. The conductor plate 620 is fixedly connected to the bracket 630 by bolting. The bracket 630 is then fixedly connected to the slider 720 of the position adjustment component 700 by a connector.

[0045] Furthermore, the position adjustment assembly 700 includes a guide rail 710, a slider 720, and a limiting block 730. The guide rail 710 is fixedly mounted on the base plate 200, the slider 720 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 710, and the limiting block 730 is mounted on both sides of the slider 720. When the slider 720 moves to the corresponding position, the limiting block 730 fixes the slider 720.

[0046] The bottom of the slider 720 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 710, and the top is fixedly connected to the bracket 630. By moving the slider 720, the conductor plate 620 fixed on the bracket 630 can be moved due to the motion transmission.

[0047] Preferably, a locking hole is provided on the limiting block 730. By rotating the fixing member to lock the fixing member into the corresponding locking hole, the fixing member is pressed against the guide rail 710, thereby fixing the slider 720.

[0048] This solution can also use a slider 720 with a built-in limiting device. When fixation is required, simply adjust the limiting device to fix the slider 720, which greatly improves the ease of operation.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present invention, this solution can achieve real-time damping changes by connecting an external motor and changing the position of the conductor plate 620, thus upgrading to a semi-active damper with the ability to instantly change the dynamic characteristics of the damper.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present invention, this solution can also be upgraded to an active damper by using an external motor to apply control force to the mass block 300 in real time.

[0051] In summary, tuned mass dampers (TMDs) are frequency-sensitive vibration absorption devices. Passive TMDs are more suitable for strong periodic vibrations such as wind-induced vibrations, human-induced vibrations, and equipment vibrations, while semi-active and active TMDs can be used for non-stationary random excitations such as seismic excitations, soil-structure interaction (SSI), and changes in the natural vibration characteristics or frequency misalignment of the main building structure caused by structural plasticity. Furthermore, semi-active and active TMDs effectively solve the problems of narrow tuning bandwidth, relatively insufficient robustness, and low initial vibration reduction efficiency of passive TMDs.

[0052] This solution achieves changes in magnetic field strength by moving the slider 720, which in turn moves the conductor plate 620 relative to the permanent magnet 610. The magnetic field strength corresponding to different displacements of the slider 720 can be determined through pre-testing and simulation. On-site, the slider 720 only needs to be adjusted according to the vibration characteristic test results of the main structure, thereby changing the damping magnitude of the eddy current damper assembly 600. After adjustment, the slider 720 is fixed by the limit block 730.

[0053] For the variable damping tuned mass damper 10 given in this example, this example also provides a corresponding construction scheme, such as... Figure 3 ;

[0054] First, in the design phase, the vibration characteristics of the main structure are analyzed. The vibration characteristics of the main structure are simulated by frequency sweep analysis (or harmonic response analysis) to obtain the structural vibration design frequency of the main structure. Then, according to the Den Hartog formula, the design frequency of the variable damping tuned mass damper (AD-TMD) is initially determined. The above steps are the same as the traditional tuned mass damper design method. The traditional tuned mass damper is manufactured and processed based on the above scheme and applied to actual engineering.

[0055] Next, the optimal parameters of AD-TMD theory are designed: based on the design vibration frequency of the main structure, the key design parameters of AD-TMD, including mass, stiffness and damping, are designed to be optimal. Based on the parameters of AD-TMD, the relationship between magnetic induction intensity and AD-TMD damping ratio and slider adjustment position is obtained through simulation and experiment.

[0056] Next, based on the optimal parameter design of AD-TMD theory, the vibration characteristics of the main structure are measured. Before the AD-TMD10 is installed on site, the vibration characteristics of the main structure need to be measured to obtain the deviation between the actual building structure vibration frequency and the structural vibration design frequency. Then, the optimal damping at that frequency deviation is found according to the corresponding deviation.

[0057] Finally, the AD-TMD10 damping is adjusted. Based on the optimal damping value under the corresponding deviation, the slider 720 is moved to adjust to the optimal damping, and then fixed by the limit block 730. Finally, the AD-TMD10 is installed on the main structure. Traditional tuned mass dampers do not have damping adjustment function.

[0058] Based on on-site structural vibration measurements and AD-TMD10 damping adjustments, the vibration reduction effect is significantly improved compared to traditional tuned mass dampers without damping adjustment capabilities. Furthermore, during the design phase, AD-TMD10 can employ globally optimal algorithms, such as genetic algorithms, to design mass, stiffness, and damping parameters.

[0059] from Figure 4 , Figure 5It can be seen that the frequency ratio is the ratio of the external excitation to the main structure. Different damping ratios result in different amplitudes at various frequency ratios. Therefore, the corresponding frequency ratio can be selected according to this figure. For example, when the ratio of the equipment frequency to the floor frequency is 1.05, and the floor frequency is tuned to AD-TMD10, the damping coefficient of AD-TMD10 should be selected as 0.02; when the floor frequency is detuned to AD-TMD10, the damping coefficient of AD-TMD10 should be selected as 0.04.

[0060] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A variable damping tuned mass damper, characterized in that, The device includes a top plate, a bottom plate, a mass block, several elastic elements, a guide assembly, an eddy current damper assembly, and a position adjustment assembly. The top plate and bottom plate are arranged opposite each other. The mass block is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate and has connecting parts around its perimeter, extending outward from the side of the mass block. The elastic elements are arranged between the bottom plate and the connecting parts. The guide assembly passes through the elastic elements, with one end fixedly connected to the bottom plate and the other end movably passing through the connecting parts and fixedly connected to the top plate. The eddy current damper assembly includes a permanent magnet, a conductor plate, and a support. The permanent magnet is fixedly mounted in the middle of the side wall of the mass block. The conductor plate is arranged opposite to the permanent magnet and connected to the position adjustment assembly through the support. The position adjustment assembly allows the conductor plate to move relative to the permanent magnet, creating a change in magnetic field strength to adjust the damping magnitude of the eddy current damper assembly. The position adjustment assembly includes a guide rail, a slider, and limiting blocks. The guide rail is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate, the slider is slidably mounted on the guide rail and connected to the support, and the limiting blocks are located on both sides of the slider for fixing the slider.

2. The variable damping tuned mass damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic element is a shape memory alloy spring, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the connection part of the base plate and the mass block, respectively.

3. The variable damping tuned mass damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductor plate is a copper plate.

4. A construction method for a variable damping tuned mass damper according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, include: (1) Vibration characteristics analysis of the main structure: First, the vibration characteristics of the main structure are simulated by frequency sweep analysis to obtain the vibration design frequency of the main structure; (2) Optimal parameter design of AD-TMD: Based on the design vibration frequency of the main structure, the optimal parameters of AD-TMD, including mass, stiffness and damping, are designed. Based on the parameters of AD-TMD, the relationship between magnetic induction intensity and AD-TMD damping ratio and slider adjustment position is obtained through simulation and experiment. (3) Actual measurement of vibration characteristics of main structure: On-site vibration characteristic test of main structure to obtain the deviation between actual building structure vibration frequency and design structure vibration frequency, and then find the optimal damping under the corresponding deviation. (4) AD-TMD Damping Adjustment: Based on the optimal damping value under the corresponding deviation, adjust the damping to the optimal value by moving the slider and then fix it by the limit block. Finally, install the AD-TMD onto the main structure.

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