A fireproof and flame-retardant coating and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a fireproof and flame-retardant coating and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of fireproof and heat-insulating coatings. The preparation method of the fireproof and flame-retardant coating comprises the following steps: mixing and stirring aluminum tantalate, ammonium polyphosphate, and KH550 in ethanol to obtain ATP; ball-milling ATP, talcum powder, silicon dioxide, aluminum hydroxide, and alumina fiber to obtain a fireproof and flame-retardant filler, and mixing the fireproof and flame-retardant filler, epoxy resin, and curing agent. The present invention utilizes the performance of aluminum tantalate with a small phonon mean free path and low thermal conductivity, combines aluminum tantalate, ammonium polyphosphate, and KH550 to improve the heat insulation and antioxidant capabilities; aluminum hydroxide decomposes into alumina and water when heated, and the water can reduce the heat released by the reaction, and the alumina can improve the antioxidant capability of the coating; the ceramization effect of talcum powder during the reaction will further improve the heat insulation and antioxidant capabilities of the carbon layer; the compounding of ATP, talcum powder, silicon dioxide, aluminum hydroxide, and alumina fiber synergistically improves the heat insulation, antioxidant, and mechanical properties of the coating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fireproof and heat-insulating coatings, and particularly relates to a fireproof and flame-retardant coating and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the use of steel structures in building structures has become increasingly common due to their remarkable properties such as strength, plasticity, toughness, and a significant level of elasticity. Although steel is non-combustible, its strength rapidly decreases at 60 °C until it completely disappears. Therefore, implementing fire protection measures is a necessary measure to ensure the safe operation of steel structures. Fireproof coatings are one of the most widely used passive fire protection measures at present. Epoxy resin has been widely used in the coating films of polymer materials due to its excellent anti-chemical corrosion, corrosion resistance, good toughness, good adhesion, high strength, light weight, and good anti-corrosion performance. However, the use of epoxy resin is limited to applications that require a low combustion intensity. Therefore, how to solve the low flame retardancy of epoxy resin has become a technical problem that needs to be urgently solved by those skilled in the field of fireproof coatings. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, the present invention provides a fireproof and flame-retardant coating and a preparation method thereof.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A preparation method of a fireproof and flame-retardant coating, comprising the following steps:

[0006] (1) Mix aluminum tantalate, ammonium polyphosphate, and KH550 in ethanol, stir at 50 - 150 °C for 8 h, and cool to room temperature to obtain ATP;

[0007] (2) Ball-mill ATP, talcum powder, silicon dioxide, aluminum hydroxide, and alumina fiber, and mix evenly to obtain a fireproof and flame-retardant filler;

[0008] (3) Mix epoxy resin, the fireproof and flame-retardant filler, and a curing agent to obtain a fireproof and flame-retardant coating.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (1), the stirring speed is 500 - 700 r / min.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the aluminum tantalate includes: adding alumina and tantalum pentoxide powders into absolute ethanol for ball-milling and drying, and then reacting at a high temperature of 1100 - 1500 °C in air for 5 - 15 h to obtain aluminum tantalate.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the molar ratio of alumina to tantalum pentoxide is 1:1; the particle sizes of alumina and tantalum pentoxide are both 30 - 70 μm.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the materials of the ball milling tank and the ball milling balls are agate or zirconia; the ball milling speed is 300 r / min, and the ball milling time is 24 h; the mass ratio of the ball milling balls, the ball milling medium and the raw materials is: ball milling balls: ball milling medium: raw materials = 10:5:3; the raw materials are alumina and tantalum pentoxide powders.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drying temperature is 70-75 °C and the time is 15 h.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of aluminum tantalate to ammonium polyphosphate is 1:1; the mass of KH550 is 1% of the mass of aluminum tantalate.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of ATP, talcum powder, silica, aluminum hydroxide and alumina fiber is 1:2:2:2:4.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the particle sizes of ATP, talcum powder, silica and aluminum hydroxide are 1-50 μm; the length of the alumina fiber is 50-100 μm. The smaller particle size and fiber length contribute to the smooth and beautiful surface of the coating.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (2), the ball milling speed is 300-500 r / min and the ball milling time is 12 h.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (3), the mass ratio of the fireproof and flame retardant filler, epoxy resin and curing agent is 1:1:0.28.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (3), the epoxy resin, the fireproof and flame retardant filler and the curing agent are mixed at 80 °C at a speed of 500 r / min.

[0020] The present invention also claims the fireproof and flame retardant coating prepared by the preparation method of the fireproof and flame retardant coating.

[0021] The curing agent is 4,4`-diaminodiphenylmethane.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fireproof and flame retardant coating is cured on the metal base surface, the curing temperature is 50-200 °C, and the curing time is 60-300 min.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fireproof and flame retardant coating is cured on the metal matrix surface, and the thickness is 70 ± 5 microns.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] (1) The present invention organically combines aluminum tantalate and ammonium polyphosphate through the siloxane bonds formed by KH550. On the one hand, it greatly improves the compatibility with the matrix epoxy resin. On the other hand, during the combustion process, a part of ammonium polyphosphate reacts with aluminum tantalate to form aluminum phosphate and alumina fine particles on the surface of aluminum tantalate, which together serve as the cross-linking framework of the carbon layer to form a ceramized carbon layer. Another part of the phosphoric acid and metaphosphoric acid decomposed from ammonium polyphosphate serve as the cross-linking framework of the carbon layer, greatly improving the cross-linking degree of the carbon layer.

[0026] (2) Compared with traditional fireproof coatings, the present invention uses ATP, talcum powder, silica, aluminum hydroxide and alumina fiber compounded as refractory fillers, which not only utilizes the fireproof and flame-retardant characteristics of each material itself, but also utilizes their synergistic effects to greatly improve the service temperature of the steel structure modified by the fireproof and flame-retardant coating at high temperatures, and improve its mechanical properties at high temperatures. Talcum powder can promote the ceramization of the carbon layer generated by ATP. Aluminum hydroxide and the decomposed water greatly reduce the reaction heat, and the decomposed alumina, silica and alumina fiber greatly improve the heat insulation ability and mechanical properties of the carbon layer. Detailed implementation mode

[0027] To better illustrate the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0028] Example 1 - and Comparative Examples 1 - 4

[0029] A preparation method of aluminum tantalate includes:

[0030] (1) Bake and mix 10 mmol of Al2O3 and 10 mmol of Ta2O5 in an oven to obtain powder A; then uniformly disperse it into the ball-milling medium anhydrous ethanol to form a white emulsion for ball milling; the materials of the ball milling tank and the ball milling balls are agate; the ball milling speed is 300 r / min, and the ball milling time is 24 h; the mass ratio of the ball milling balls, the ball milling medium and the raw materials is: ball milling balls: ball milling medium: raw materials = 10:5:3; the raw materials are alumina and tantalum pentoxide powders; the particle sizes of alumina and tantalum pentoxide are both 30 μm.

[0031] (2) After ball milling, the obtained white emulsion is dried at 75 °C for 15 h to obtain a uniform powder B.

[0032] (3) Transfer powder B to a crucible and place it in a high-temperature furnace for in-situ solid-phase reaction at 1450 °C for 5 h, and obtain AlTaO4 powder through sieving; the mesh number of sieving is 300 mesh.

[0033] A preparation method of a fireproof and flame-retardant filler includes the following steps:

[0034] (1) Weigh 1 kg of aluminum tantalate and 1 kg of ammonium polyphosphate into a conical flask, add 0.01 kg of KH550, use ethanol as the solvent, stir at 50 °C for 8 h, and the stirring speed is 700 r / min. Then cool to room temperature, and after suction filtration, vacuum drying, and sieving of the mixed solution, AlTaO4-APP (ATP) is obtained;

[0035] (2) According to Table 1, weigh ATP, talcum powder, silica, aluminum hydroxide, and alumina fiber, add ball milling media and anhydrous ethanol ball milling aids, and perform ball milling. The ball milling speed is 500 r / min, and the ball milling time is 12 h. After mixing evenly, dry the material to obtain a uniformly mixed fireproof and flame-retardant filler; the particle sizes of ATP, talcum powder, silica, and aluminum hydroxide are 1 μm, and the length of the alumina fiber is 50 μm.

[0036] A preparation method of a fireproof and flame-retardant coating includes: as shown in Table 1, heat and stir the fireproof and flame-retardant filler and epoxy resin, then add 4,4`-diaminodiphenylmethane and stir at 80 °C and a stirring speed of 300 r / min for 1 h to mix, and obtain the fireproof and flame-retardant coating.

[0037] Apply the fireproof and flame-retardant coating on the Q235 steel substrate, then cure at 50 °C for 300 min, and the coating thickness is 70 ± 5 μm to obtain the fireproof and flame-retardant coating.

[0038] Table 1

[0039]

[0040] Example 2

[0041] A preparation method of aluminum tantalate includes:

[0042] (1) Bake and mix 10 mmol of Al2O3 and 10 mmol of Ta2O5 in an oven to obtain powder A; then uniformly disperse it into the ball milling medium anhydrous ethanol to form a white emulsion for ball milling; the materials of the ball milling tank and the ball milling balls are agate or zirconia; the ball milling speed is 300 r / min, and the ball milling time is 24 h; the mass ratio of the ball milling balls, the ball milling medium, and the raw materials is: ball milling balls: ball milling medium: raw materials = 10:5:3; the raw materials are alumina and tantalum pentoxide powders; the particle sizes of alumina and tantalum pentoxide are both 70 μm.

[0043] (2) After ball milling, dry the obtained white emulsion at 75 °C for 15 h to obtain a uniform powder B.

[0044] (3) Transfer powder B to a crucible and place it in a high-temperature furnace for in-situ solid-phase reaction at 1100 °C for 15 h, and obtain AlTaO4 powder after sieving; the mesh number of sieving is 300 mesh.

[0045] A preparation method of a fireproof and flame-retardant filler, comprising the following steps:

[0046] (1) Weigh 1 kg of aluminum tantalate and 1 kg of ammonium polyphosphate into a conical flask, add KH550 which is 1% of the mass of aluminum tantalate, use ethanol as a solvent, stir at 150 °C for 8 h, and the stirring speed is 500 r / min. Then cool to room temperature, and after subjecting the mixed solution to suction filtration, vacuum drying, and sieving, obtain AlTaO4-APP (ATP);

[0047] (2) Weigh 1 kg of ATP, 2 kg of talcum powder, 2 kg of silica, 2 kg of aluminum hydroxide, and 4 kg of alumina fiber, add ball milling media and anhydrous ethanol ball milling aids, and conduct ball milling. The ball milling speed is 300 r / min, and the ball milling time is 12 h. After mixing evenly, dry the material to obtain a uniformly mixed fireproof and flame-retardant filler; the particle sizes of ATP, talcum powder, silica, and aluminum hydroxide are 50 μm, and the length of the alumina fiber is 100 μm.

[0048] A preparation method of a fireproof and flame-retardant coating includes: adding 11 kg of the fireproof and flame-retardant filler, 11 kg of epoxy resin, and then adding 3.08 kg of 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, and stirring at 80 °C and a stirring speed of 500 r / min for 1 h to obtain the fireproof and flame-retardant coating after mixing.

[0049] Apply the fireproof and flame-retardant coating on the Q235 steel substrate, and then cure at 200 °C for 60 min. The coating thickness is 70 ± 5 μm to obtain the fireproof and flame-retardant coating.

[0050] Comparative Example 5

[0051] A preparation method of a fireproof and flame-retardant filler, comprising the following steps:

[0052] (1) Weigh 2 kg of talcum powder, 2 kg of silica, 2 kg of aluminum hydroxide, and 4 kg of alumina fiber, add ball milling media and anhydrous ethanol ball milling aids, and conduct ball milling. The ball milling speed is 500 r / min, and the ball milling time is 12 h. After mixing evenly, dry the material to obtain a uniformly mixed fireproof and flame-retardant filler; the particle sizes of talcum powder, silica, and aluminum hydroxide are 1 μm, and the length of the alumina fiber is 50 μm.

[0053] A preparation method of a fireproof and flame-retardant coating includes: adding 11 kg of the fireproof and flame-retardant filler, 11 kg of epoxy resin, and then adding 3.08 kg of 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, and stirring at 80 °C and a stirring speed of 300 r / min for 1 h to obtain the fireproof and flame-retardant coating after mixing.

[0054] Apply the fireproof and flame-retardant coating on the Q235 steel substrate, and then cure it at 50 °C for 300 min. The coating thickness is 70 ± 5 μm.

[0055] Comparative Example 6

[0056] The preparation method of aluminum tantalate is the same as that of Example 1.

[0057] A preparation method of a fireproof and flame-retardant coating includes the following steps:

[0058] Weigh 1 kg of AlTaO4 powder, 2 kg of talc powder, 2 kg of silicon dioxide, 2 kg of aluminum hydroxide and 4 kg of alumina fiber, add ball-milling medium and anhydrous ethanol ball-milling aid, and conduct ball milling. The ball-milling speed is 500 r / min and the ball-milling time is 12 h. After mixing evenly, dry the material to obtain a uniformly mixed fireproof and flame-retardant filler; the particle sizes of AlTaO4 powder, talc powder, silicon dioxide and aluminum hydroxide are 1 - 50 μm, and the length of the alumina fiber is 50 - 100 μm.

[0059] A preparation method of a fireproof and flame-retardant coating includes: Add 11 kg of fireproof and flame-retardant filler, 11 kg of epoxy resin, and then add 3.08 kg of 4,4`-diaminodiphenylmethane, and stir at 80 °C and a stirring speed of 300 r / min for 1 h. After mixing, a fireproof and flame-retardant coating is obtained.

[0060] Apply the fireproof and flame-retardant coating on the Q235 steel substrate, and then cure it at 50 °C for 300 min. The coating thickness is 70 ± 5 μm.

[0061] Comparative Example 7

[0062] The preparation method of aluminum tantalate is the same as that of Example 1.

[0063] A preparation method of a fireproof and flame-retardant filler includes the following steps:

[0064] Weigh 0.5 kg of aluminum tantalate, 0.5 kg of ammonium polyphosphate, 2 kg of talc powder, 2 kg of silicon dioxide, 2 kg of aluminum hydroxide and 4 kg of alumina fiber, add ball-milling medium and anhydrous ethanol ball-milling aid, and conduct ball milling. The ball-milling speed is 500 r / min and the ball-milling time is 12 h. After mixing evenly, dry the material to obtain a uniformly mixed fireproof and flame-retardant filler; the particle sizes of aluminum tantalate, talc powder, silicon dioxide and aluminum hydroxide are 1 - 50 μm, and the length of the alumina fiber is 50 - 100 μm.

[0065] A preparation method of a fireproof and flame-retardant coating includes: Add 11 kg of fireproof and flame-retardant filler, 11 kg of epoxy resin, and then add 3.08 kg of 4,4`-diaminodiphenylmethane, and stir at 80 °C and a stirring speed of 300 r / min for 1 h. After mixing, a fireproof and flame-retardant coating is obtained.

[0066] Apply the fireproof and flame-retardant coating on the Q235 steel substrate, and then cure it at 50 °C for 300 min. The coating thickness is 70 ± 5 μm.

[0067] Comparative Example 8

[0068] A method for preparing aluminum tantalate is the same as that in Example 1.

[0069] A method for preparing a fireproof and flame-retardant filler includes the following steps:

[0070] (1) Weigh 1 kg of aluminum tantalate and 1 kg of ammonium polyphosphate into a conical flask, add 0.01 kg of KH550, use ethanol as a solvent, stir at 50 °C for 8 h, and the stirring speed is 700 r / min. Then cool to room temperature, and after filtering, vacuum drying, and sieving the mixed solution, obtain AlTaO4-APP (ATP);

[0071] (2) Weigh 1 kg of ATP, 2 kg of silicon dioxide, 2 kg of aluminum hydroxide, and 4 kg of alumina fiber, add ball milling media and anhydrous ethanol ball milling aids, and perform ball milling. The ball milling speed is 500 r / min, and the ball milling time is 12 h. After mixing evenly, dry the material to obtain a uniformly mixed fireproof and flame-retardant filler; the particle sizes of ATP, silicon dioxide, and aluminum hydroxide are 1 - 50 μm, and the length of the alumina fiber is 50 - 100 μm.

[0072] A method for preparing a fireproof coating material includes: adding 11 kg of fireproof and flame-retardant filler, 11 kg of epoxy resin, and then adding 3.08 kg of 4,4`-diaminodiphenylmethane, and stirring at 80 °C and a stirring speed of 300 r / min for 1 h to mix, thus obtaining the fireproof and flame-retardant coating.

[0073] Apply the fireproof and flame-retardant coating on the Q235 steel substrate, and then cure it at 50 °C for 300 min. The coating thickness is 70 ± 5 μm.

[0074] Comparative Example 9

[0075] A method for preparing aluminum tantalate is the same as that in Example 1.

[0076] A method for preparing a fireproof and flame-retardant filler includes the following steps:

[0077] (1) Weigh 1 kg of aluminum tantalate and 1 kg of ammonium polyphosphate into a conical flask, add 0.01 kg of KH550, use ethanol as a solvent, stir at 50 °C for 8 h, and the stirring speed is 700 r / min. Then cool to room temperature, and after filtering, vacuum drying, and sieving the mixed solution, obtain AlTaO4-APP (ATP);

[0078] (2) Weigh 1 kg of ATP, 2 kg of silica, 2 kg of talc powder, and 4 kg of alumina fiber, add ball-milling medium and anhydrous ethanol ball-milling aid, and conduct ball-milling. The ball-milling speed is 500 r / min, and the ball-milling time is 12 h. After mixing evenly, dry the material to obtain a uniformly mixed fireproof and flame-retardant filler; the particle size of ATP, silica, and talc powder is 1 - 50 μm, and the length of the alumina fiber is 50 - 100 μm.

[0079] A preparation method of a fireproof coating material includes: adding 11 kg of fireproof and flame-retardant filler, 11 kg of epoxy resin, and then adding 3.08 kg of 4,4`-diaminodiphenylmethane, and stirring for 1 h at 80 °C and a stirring speed of 300 r / min to obtain a fireproof and flame-retardant coating.

[0080] Apply the fireproof and flame-retardant coating on the Q235 steel substrate, and then cure it at 50 °C for 300 min. The coating thickness is 70 ± 5 μm.

[0081] Comparative Example 10

[0082] A preparation method of aluminum tantalate is the same as that in Example 1.

[0083] A preparation method of a fireproof and flame-retardant filler includes the following steps:

[0084] (1) Weigh 1 kg of aluminum tantalate and 1 kg of ammonium polyphosphate into a conical flask, add 0.01 kg of KH550, use ethanol as a solvent, stir at 50 °C for 8 h, and the stirring speed is 700 r / min. Then cool to room temperature, and after subjecting the mixed solution to suction filtration, vacuum drying, and sieving, obtain AlTaO4-APP (ATP);

[0085] (2) Weigh 1 kg of ATP, 2 kg of talc powder, 2 kg of aluminum hydroxide, and 4 kg of alumina fiber, add ball-milling medium and anhydrous ethanol ball-milling aid, and conduct ball-milling. The ball-milling speed is 500 r / min, and the ball-milling time is 12 h. After mixing evenly, dry the material to obtain a uniformly mixed fireproof and flame-retardant filler; the particle size of ATP, talc powder, and aluminum hydroxide is 1 - 50 μm, and the length of the alumina fiber is 50 - 100 μm.

[0086] A preparation method of a fireproof coating material includes: adding 11 kg of fireproof and flame-retardant filler, 11 kg of epoxy resin, and then adding 3.08 kg of 4,4`-diaminodiphenylmethane, and stirring for 1 h at 80 °C and a stirring speed of 300 r / min to obtain a fireproof and flame-retardant coating.

[0087] Apply the fireproof and flame-retardant coating on the Q235 steel substrate, and then cure it at 50 °C for 300 min. The coating thickness is 70 ± 5 μm.

[0088] Comparative Example 11

[0089] The preparation method of aluminum tantalate is the same as that of Example 1.

[0090] A preparation method of a fireproof and flame-retardant filler includes the following steps:

[0091] (1) Weigh 1 kg of aluminum tantalate and 1 kg of ammonium polyphosphate into a conical flask, add 0.01 kg of KH550, use ethanol as a solvent, stir at 50 °C for 8 h, and the stirring speed is 700 r / min. Then cool to room temperature, and after the mixed solution is filtered by suction, vacuum dried, and sieved, AlTaO4-APP (ATP) is obtained;

[0092] (2) Weigh 1 kg of ATP, 2 kg of talc powder, 2 kg of aluminum hydroxide, and 2 kg of silica, add ball milling media and anhydrous ethanol ball milling aids, and carry out ball milling. The ball milling speed is 500 r / min, and the ball milling time is 12 h. After mixing evenly, the material is dried to obtain a uniformly mixed fireproof and flame-retardant filler; the particle sizes of ATP, silica, talc powder, and aluminum hydroxide are 1 - 50 μm.

[0093] A preparation method of a fireproof coating material includes: adding 11 kg of a fireproof and flame-retardant filler and 11 kg of epoxy resin, and then adding 3.08 kg of 4,4`-diaminodiphenylmethane, and stirring at 80 °C and a stirring speed of 300 r / min for 1 h and mixing to obtain a fireproof and flame-retardant coating.

[0094] Apply the fireproof and flame-retardant coating on the Q235 steel substrate, and then cure at 50 °C for 300 min, and the coating thickness is 70 ± 5 μm.

[0095] Detect the steel plate temperature and the density of the carbon layer for the fireproof and flame-retardant coatings prepared in Examples 1 - 2 and Comparative Examples 1 - 11. The back temperature is the back temperature of Q235 steel (non-ceramic carbon layer), and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0096] Table 2

[0097]

[0098]

[0099] It can be seen from Table 2 that: compared with Examples 1 - 2, in Comparative Examples 1 - 4, the ratios of ATP, talc powder, silica, aluminum hydroxide, and alumina fiber are not within the scope defined in the present invention. The back temperature of the steel plate is much higher than that in Examples 1 - 2, and there are large cracks and holes in its ceramic carbon layer.

[0100] According to Example 1 and Comparative Examples 5, 8 - 11, it can be seen that the lack of any one of ATP, talcum powder, silica, aluminum hydroxide, and alumina fiber has a great impact on the high-temperature oxidation resistance and fireproof and flame-retardant properties of the fireproof and flame-retardant coating on steel. Among them, talcum powder generates a ceramicized carbon layer at high temperatures, while silica, as a commonly used flame-retardant filler, has extremely high compatibility with the ceramicized carbon layer. The water generated by the reaction of aluminum hydroxide at high temperatures can reduce the generation of reaction heat. In addition, the generated alumina and alumina fiber can fill the cracks and voids in the carbon layer. The above several substances respectively play the roles of reducing reaction heat, heat insulation, antioxidant, and increasing density, and there is a synergistic effect among them.

[0101] According to Example 1 and Comparative Examples 6 - 7, it can be seen that due to the high chemical stability, high thermal stability, extremely low phonon mean free path, and low thermal conductivity of aluminum tantalate, it is organically combined with ammonium polyphosphate through KH550 to form a silicon-oxygen bond, greatly improving its compatibility with the matrix epoxy resin. During the combustion process, a part of ammonium polyphosphate reacts with aluminum tantalate to generate small particles of aluminum phosphate and alumina on the surface of aluminum tantalate. They jointly serve as the cross-linking skeleton of the carbon layer to generate a ceramicized carbon layer. Another part of the phosphoric acid and metaphosphoric acid decomposed from ammonium polyphosphate serve as the cross-linking skeleton of the carbon layer, greatly improving the cross-linking degree of the carbon layer. Therefore, only the combination of aluminum tantalate, ammonium polyphosphate, and KH550 can reduce the temperature on the back of the steel plate and improve the density of the ceramic carbon layer.

[0102] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of a fireproof and flame-retardant coating, characterized in that It includes the following steps: (1) Mix aluminum tantalate, ammonium polyphosphate, and KH550 in ethanol, stir at 50 - 150 °C for 8 h, and cool to room temperature to obtain ATP; (2) Ball-mill ATP, talc powder, silica, aluminum hydroxide, and alumina fiber, and obtain a fireproof and flame-retardant filler after mixing evenly; the mass ratio of ATP, talc powder, silica, aluminum hydroxide, and alumina fiber is 1:2:2:2:4; (3) Mix epoxy resin, fireproof and flame-retardant filler, and curing agent to obtain a fireproof and flame-retardant coating; the mass ratio of the fireproof and flame-retardant filler, epoxy resin, and curing agent is 1:1:0.

28.

2. The preparation method of the fireproof and flame-retardant coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the aluminum tantalate includes: adding alumina and tantalum pentoxide powder into absolute ethanol for ball-milling and drying, and then reacting at a high temperature of 1100 - 1500 °C in air for 5 - 15 h to obtain aluminum tantalate.

3. The preparation method of the fireproof and flame-retardant coating according to claim 2, wherein, The molar ratio of the alumina to the tantalum pentoxide is 1:1; the particle sizes of the alumina and the tantalum pentoxide are both 30 - 70 μm.

4. The preparation method of the fireproof and flame-retardant coating according to claim 2, wherein, In the preparation method of the aluminum tantalate, the ball-milling speed is 300 r / min, and the ball-milling time is 24 h; the mass ratio of the ball-milling balls, ball-milling medium, and raw materials is ball-milling balls:ball-milling medium:raw materials = 10:5:3; the raw materials are alumina and tantalum pentoxide powder.

5. The preparation method of the fireproof and flame-retardant coating according to claim 1, wherein In the step (1), the mass ratio of the aluminum tantalate, ammonium polyphosphate, and KH550 is 1:1:0.

01.

6. The preparation method of the fireproof and flame-retardant coating according to claim 1, characterized in that In the step (2), the ball-milling rotation speed is 300 - 500 r / min, and the ball-milling time is 12 h.

7. The preparation method of the fireproof and flame-retardant coating according to claim 1, wherein, The epoxy resin, fireproof and flame-retardant filler, and curing agent are mixed at 80 °C at a rotation speed of 500 r / min.

8. A fireproof and flame-retardant coating prepared by the preparation method of the fireproof and flame-retardant coating according to any one of claims 1 - 7.

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