A gradient dewatering type grain dryer

Abstract

This invention discloses a gradient dehydration type grain dryer, relating to the field of grain drying technology. It includes a drying shell with a hot air pipe fixedly connected to its side wall. A dehydration device is installed inside the drying shell. The dehydration device includes a central shaft and dehydration components. The central shaft includes a sleeve and a movable shaft that are slidably connected. Both ends of the sleeve are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the drying shell. The dehydration components include a grain tray and a top cover fixedly connected to each other. The grain tray is bowl-shaped. A connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the movable shaft. A fixing ring is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting shaft. A limit plug is fixedly connected to the side of the fixing ring facing the corresponding grain tray. The limit plug blocks or separates the hole in the middle of the grain tray, thus blocking or discharging the grain on the inner side wall of the grain tray, preventing the grain from remaining in the grain tray for too long. This solves the technical problem of heavy grain accumulating in the drying hopper and affecting the drying effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of grain and relates to drying technology, specifically a gradient dehydration grain dryer. Background Technology

[0002] A gradient dehydration grain dryer is a device used for dehydrating and drying grains. Its working principle involves placing wet grains inside the equipment, where heating and ventilation evaporate the moisture, thus achieving the drying purpose. The gradient dehydration grain dryer employs a step-by-step temperature control method, meaning the equipment is divided into different temperature zones. The wet grains first enter a lower temperature zone for initial dehydration with lower-temperature hot air; then they move to a higher temperature zone for further drying with higher-temperature hot air. This gradient temperature control minimizes heat loss and protein denaturation, improving drying efficiency and grain quality.

[0003] In existing technologies, such as the Chinese Patent Publication No. CN113280610A, a gradient dehydration grain dryer uses an inclined sidewall of the drying hopper. This allows larger, heavier grains to be placed in the lower layer during vibration, while smaller, lighter grains are placed in the upper layer near the edge of the drying hopper. The uppermost drying hopper then vibrates and dries the grain. The drying controller collects the moisture content of the grain at the outer edge of the uppermost drying hopper's sidewall. If the grain moisture content meets the requirements for entering the next drying hopper, the controller moves the inner tube of the graded feeding hopper downwards a certain distance to continue feeding grain. The grain falls into the center of the uppermost drying hopper, while grain at the edge of the uppermost drying hopper overflows into the next drying hopper. The drying controller monitors the moisture content of the sensor at the edge of the lowest drying hopper containing grain each time, ensuring that the final grain meets the moisture requirements. However, the above operation still has the following problems:

[0004] The grain inside the drying hopper is driven to overflow from the edge by the vibration of the drying hopper. As a result, the heavier grain will accumulate in the drying hopper. Some grain may be overheated, while other grain may not be heated enough, which will affect the drying effect. If the vibration and heating are prolonged, the quality of the grain may decline. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a gradient dehydration grain dryer, which solves the problem that heavy grains accumulate in the drying hopper, affecting the drying effect.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a gradient dehydration grain dryer, including a drying shell. A hot air pipe for introducing hot air is fixedly connected to the side wall of the drying shell. A dehydration device is provided inside the drying shell. The dehydration device includes a central shaft and dehydration components. The central shaft passes through the middle of multiple dehydration components and is connected to the dehydration components. The central shaft includes a sleeve and a moving shaft that are slidably connected to each other. Both ends of the sleeve are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the drying shell. The dehydration components include a grain tray and a top cover that are fixedly connected to each other. The grain tray is bowl-shaped. The top cover and the sleeve are fixedly connected to each other. The top cover is fixedly connected to the middle of the grain tray. A hole for grain to fall out is opened in the middle of the grain tray. A connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the moving shaft. A fixing ring is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting shaft. A limit plug is fixedly connected to the side of the fixing ring facing the grain tray. An oblong hole for the connecting shaft to slide is opened on the outer side wall of the sleeve.

[0007] Preferably, the drying shell is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge rack on opposite sides.

[0008] Preferably, the grain tray has a ventilated structure.

[0009] Preferably, the outer edge of the fixed ring is rotatably connected to a plurality of transition discs, and a torsion spring is provided between the fixed ring and the transition discs.

[0010] Preferably, the plurality of the transition disks form a circle.

[0011] Preferably, each end of the transition plate away from the fixed ring is rotatably connected to an adjusting rod, and an elastic band is provided between every two adjacent adjusting rods.

[0012] Preferably, a guide wheel is provided at the end of the adjusting rod away from the transition plate, and the guide wheel is in contact with the side wall of the grain pan.

[0013] Preferably, a telescopic rod is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the drying shell, and the output end of the telescopic rod is fixed to the moving shaft.

[0014] Preferably, a water-absorbing frame is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the drying shell, and a water-guiding strip is fixedly connected to the water-absorbing frame along the inner side wall of the drying shell.

[0015] Preferably, the inner sidewall of the drying shell is fixedly connected to a liquid guiding shell corresponding to the water guiding strip, the water guiding strip is fitted into the liquid guiding shell, and the sidewall of the drying shell and the liquid guiding shell are provided with liquid outlets.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] By setting up a grain tray, sleeve, moving shaft, and limiting plug, the grain tray is bowl-shaped, with grain located inside and concentrated towards the center of the tray. The moving shaft drives the connecting shaft to slide along the waist-shaped hole of the sleeve. The connecting shaft drives the fixing ring and limiting plug to move along the axis of the sleeve. The limiting plug blocks or separates the hole in the center of the grain tray, thereby blocking or discharging the grain on the inner wall of the grain tray. This effectively discharges the grain from the entire grain tray, preventing the grain from remaining in the tray for too long, which would cause overheating and affect the drying effect.

[0018] By setting up a fixed ring, an intermediate plate, and an adjusting rod, a torsion spring is installed between the fixed ring and the intermediate plate, and an elastic band is installed between every two adjacent adjusting rods. When the adjusting rod is not in contact with the side wall of the grain tray, the intermediate plate is in a horizontal state. The top grain tray lets the wet grain fall from the hole in the middle of the grain tray into the horizontal intermediate plate. The moving shaft moves upward, and the limiting plug blocks the middle hole of the corresponding grain tray, preventing the grain from falling. The moving shaft continues to move, and the adjusting rod gradually comes into contact with the side wall of the grain tray. The intermediate plate gradually tilts, and the intermediate plate lets the grain fall into the lower grain tray by tilting, thus letting the grain fall into the next gradient, avoiding the mixing of grains between different dehydration parts, so as to avoid uneven drying.

[0019] By setting up a liquid outlet, a liquid guide shell, a water absorption rack, and water guide strips, the water absorption rack and water guide strips are used to absorb the water vapor evaporated from the grain inside the drying shell. The water vapor absorbed by the water absorption rack and water guide strips is slowly guided into the liquid guide shell, and the water that slowly accumulates in the liquid guide shell is gradually discharged from the liquid outlet, thereby timely removing the water vapor from the grain inside the entire drying shell, increasing the drying effect of the grain, and preventing the grain from repeatedly getting damp. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the prior art and embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the gradient dehydration grain dryer of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the drying shell of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the dehydration device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the transition disc, adjusting rod, and elastic band of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the drying shell of the dehydration device of the present invention.

[0027] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Drying shell; 2. Feed inlet; 3. Hot air pipe; 4. Liquid outlet; 5. Dehydration device; 6. Liquid guide shell; 7. Discharge rack; 8. Telescopic rod; 9. Central shaft; 10. Grain tray; 11. Sleeve; 12. Moving shaft; 13. Connecting shaft; 14. Fixing ring; 15. Limiting plug; 16. Top cover; 17. Transition plate; 18. Adjusting rod; 19. Elastic band; 20. Guide wheel; 21. Water suction rack; 22. Water guide strip. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] Please refer to the details. Figures 1-4 As shown, a gradient dehydration grain dryer includes a drying shell 1. An inlet 2 and a discharge rack 7 are respectively provided on opposite sides of the drying shell 1. The inlet 2 is used to add grain into the drying shell 1, and the discharge rack 7 is used to discharge the grain from the drying shell 1. A hot air pipe 3 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the drying shell 1. The hot air pipe 3 is connected to an external heater and a circulating fan. The heater and the circulating fan transmit the generated hot air through the hot air pipe 3 into the drying shell 1, thereby drying and dehydrating the grain inside the drying shell 1. A dehydration device 5 is provided inside the drying shell 1. The dehydration device 5 and the hot air inside the drying shell 1 are used to dehydrate the grain falling from the inlet 2.

[0030] As one implementation method in this embodiment, such as Figures 2-4As shown, the dehydration device 5 includes a central shaft 9 and dehydration components. The central shaft 9 passes through the middle of multiple dehydration components and is connected to them. The central shaft 9 includes a sleeve 11 and a moving shaft 12 that are slidably connected to each other. The two ends of the sleeve 11 are fixedly connected to the inner sidewall of the drying shell 1. The dehydration components include a grain tray 10 and a top cover 16 that are fixedly connected to each other. The top cover 16 and the sleeve 11 are fixed to each other. The grain tray 10 is bowl-shaped and has a ventilated structure, allowing hot air to heat the grain through the grain tray 10. The top cover 16 is fixedly connected to the middle of the grain tray 10 and is used to block the grain at the top of the grain tray 10, causing the grain to fall from the edge of the top cover 16, preventing the grain from falling before it comes into contact with the hot air. This facilitates the grain falling into the middle of the grain tray 10 along the inner sidewall. A hole is provided in the middle of the grain tray 10 for the grain to fall out. A connecting shaft 13 is fixedly connected to the outer sidewall of the moving shaft 12. The other end of the connecting shaft 13... A fixed ring 14 is fixedly connected, and a limit plug 15 is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed ring 14 facing the corresponding grain pan 10. The outer wall of the sleeve 11 has an oblong hole for the sliding of the connecting shaft 13. When the sleeve 11 and the moving shaft 12 slide relative to each other, the moving shaft 12 drives the connecting shaft 13 to slide along the oblong hole of the sleeve 11. The connecting shaft 13 drives the fixed ring 14 and the limit plug 15 to move along the axial direction of the sleeve 11. When the moving shaft 12 moves toward the top of the sleeve 11, the limit plug 15 slowly blocks the hole in the center of the grain pan 10, thereby preventing the grain in the grain pan 10 from falling out, thus blocking the grain in the grain pan 10 of each dewatering component. When it is necessary to discharge the grain, the moving shaft 12 moves toward the bottom of the sleeve 11. The moving shaft 12 drives the limit plug 15 away from the corresponding grain pan 10 through the connecting shaft 13 and the fixed ring 14, and the grain in the grain pan 10 can fall out through the hole in the middle.

[0031] As one implementation method in this embodiment, such as Figures 2-5As shown, multiple transition discs 17 are rotatably connected to the outer edge of the fixed ring 14. A torsion spring is provided between the fixed ring 14 and the transition discs 17. The multiple transition discs 17 form a circle. An adjusting rod 18 is rotatably connected to the end of each transition disc 17 away from the fixed ring 14. An elastic band 19 is provided between every two adjacent adjusting rods 18. The elastic band 19 is used to pull the adjusting rods 18, thereby promoting the uniformity of the tilt among the multiple adjusting rods 18. When the top of the adjusting rod 18 is not in contact with the corresponding grain pan 10, the elastic band 19, through its own elasticity, causes the multiple adjusting rods 18 to tilt towards the axis of the sleeve 11. At the same time, under the action of the torsion spring, the transition disc 17 gradually rotates to a horizontal state. At this time, the limiting plug 15 is in a state of distance from the grain pan 10, and the grain falling from the middle hole of the grain pan 10 falls directly into the transition disc. On the horizontal plane of 17, it facilitates the discharge of grain from the grain tray 10 in the lower dehydration unit, avoiding mixing of grains from different dehydration units. After the grain is discharged from the lower dehydration unit, the moving shaft 12 moves toward the top of the sleeve 11, and drives the limiting plug 15 through the connecting shaft 13 and the fixing ring 14 to block the middle hole of the corresponding grain tray 10, preventing the grain from falling. The moving shaft 12 continues to move, and the adjusting rod 18 gradually comes into contact with the side wall of the grain tray 10. The top of the adjusting rod 18 slides along the side wall of the grain tray 10, the elastic band 19 slowly stretches, and the torsion spring bends after being stressed. The transition plate 17 gradually tilts. At this time, the transition plate 17 drops the grain into the grain tray 10 in the lower dehydration unit. During the process, it comes into full contact with the hot air in the drying shell 1, increasing the drying effect. Finally, it is processed in layers by multiple dehydration units.

[0032] As one implementation method in this embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, a guide wheel 20 is provided at the end of the adjusting rod 18 away from the transition plate 17. The guide wheel 20 contacts the side wall of the grain pan 10 to reduce friction and wear.

[0033] As one implementation method in this embodiment, such as Figures 2-5 As shown, the number of dehydration components is preferably three. The top grain tray 10 is used to hold the wet grain falling from the feed inlet 2, the middle grain tray 10 is used to dehydrate and dry the grain falling from the top grain tray 10, and the bottom grain tray 10 is used to discharge the dried grain from the discharge rack 7. A telescopic rod 8 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the drying shell 1. The output end of the telescopic rod 8 is fixed to the moving shaft 12. When the telescopic rod 8 is activated, it drives the moving shaft 12 to move along the axis of the sleeve 11.

[0034] As one implementation method in this embodiment, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, humidity sensors are installed on the transition plate 17, and the detected values ​​are transmitted to an external controller, so that the humidity of the grain at different dehydration parts can be read and whether the humidity requirements are met.

[0035] As one implementation method in this embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, a water-absorbing frame 21 is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the drying shell 1. A water-guiding strip 22 is fixedly connected to the water-absorbing frame 21 along the inner side wall of the drying shell 1. The water-absorbing frame 21 and the water-guiding strip 22 are used to absorb the water vapor evaporated from the grain inside the drying shell 1. A liquid-guiding shell 6 corresponding to the water-guiding strip 22 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the drying shell 1. The water-guiding strip 22 is inserted into the liquid-guiding shell 6. A liquid outlet 4 is opened on the side wall of the drying shell 1 at the location of the liquid-guiding shell 6. The water vapor absorbed by the water-absorbing frame 21 and the water-guiding strip 22 is slowly guided into the liquid-guiding shell 6. The water that slowly accumulates in the liquid-guiding shell 6 is gradually discharged from the liquid outlet 4, thereby timely removing the water vapor from the grain inside the entire drying shell 1, increasing the drying effect of the grain and preventing the grain from repeatedly getting damp.

[0036] The working principle of this invention is as follows: In use, grain is first added into the drying shell 1 through the feed inlet 2. Simultaneously, an external fan and heater supply hot air into the drying shell 1. The telescopic rod 8 is activated, driving the moving shaft 12 downwards along the axis of the sleeve 11. The moving shaft 12 drives the connecting shaft 13 to slide along the oblong hole of the sleeve 11. The connecting shaft 13 and the fixing ring 14 drive the limiting plug 15 away from the corresponding grain tray 10. The grain in the grain tray 10 gathers towards the center and falls out through the central hole. At this time, the transition plate 17 is in a horizontal state. The top grain tray 10 drops the moist grain from the central hole into the horizontal transition plate 17. The telescopic rod 8 then drives the moving shaft 12 upwards, and the limiting plug 15 moves away from the corresponding grain tray 10. The central hole of the grain tray 10 is blocked, preventing the grain from falling. The moving shaft 12 continues to move, and the adjusting rod 18 gradually comes into contact with the side wall of the grain tray 10. The top of the adjusting rod 18 slides along the side wall of the grain tray 10, the elastic band 19 is slowly stretched, and the torsion spring bends under force. The transition plate 17 gradually tilts, so that after the limit plug 15 is blocked from the grain tray 10, the transition plate 17 tilts and lets the grain fall into the lower grain tray 10, thus letting the grain fall into the next gradient. The humidity sensor on the transition plate 17 and the external controller detect the humidity of the grain in real time when it falls, so as to discharge the grain in the grain tray 10 in time and avoid the grain staying in the grain tray 10 for too long, which would cause the grain to overheat and affect the drying effect.

[0037] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A gradient dehydration type grain dryer, characterized in that, include: A drying shell (1) is provided with a hot air pipe (3) for introducing hot air fixedly connected to the side wall of the drying shell (1), and a dehydration device (5) is provided inside the drying shell (1). The dehydration device (5) includes a central shaft (9) and dehydration components. The central shaft (9) passes through the middle of multiple dehydration components and is connected to them. The central shaft (9) includes a sleeve (11) and a moving shaft (12) that are slidably connected to each other. The two ends of the sleeve (11) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drying shell (1). The dehydration components include a grain tray (10) and a top cover (16) that are fixedly connected to each other. The grain tray (10) is bowl-shaped. The top cover (16) and the sleeve (11) are... The top cover (16) is fixedly connected to the middle of the grain tray (10). The middle of the grain tray (10) has a hole for grain to fall out. The outer side wall of the moving shaft (12) is fixedly connected to a connecting shaft (13). The other end of the connecting shaft (13) is fixedly connected to a fixing ring (14). The fixing ring (14) is fixedly connected to a limit plug (15) on the side facing the grain tray (10). The outer side wall of the sleeve (11) has a waist-shaped hole for the connecting shaft (13) to slide. The outer edge of the fixed ring (14) is rotatably connected to a plurality of transition discs (17), and a torsion spring is provided between the fixed ring (14) and the transition discs (17); Multiple transition disks (17) form a circle; The end of the transition plate (17) away from the fixed ring (14) is rotatably connected to an adjusting rod (18), and an elastic band (19) is provided between every two adjacent adjusting rods (18). The adjusting rod (18) is provided with a guide wheel (20) at one end away from the transition plate (17), and the guide wheel (20) is in contact with the side wall of the grain pan (10).

2. The gradient dehydration grain dryer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drying shell (1) is provided with a feed inlet (2) and a discharge rack (7) on opposite sides.

3. The gradient dehydration grain dryer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The grain tray (10) has a ventilated structure.

4. The gradient dehydration grain dryer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A telescopic rod (8) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the drying shell (1), and the output end of the telescopic rod (8) is fixed to the moving shaft (12).

5. The gradient dehydration grain dryer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A water suction frame (21) is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the drying shell (1), and a water guide strip (22) is fixedly connected to the water suction frame (21) along the inner side wall of the drying shell (1).

6. The gradient dehydration grain dryer as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The inner sidewall of the drying shell (1) is fixedly connected to a liquid guide shell (6) corresponding to the water guide strip (22). The water guide strip (22) is fitted into the liquid guide shell (6). The sidewall of the drying shell (1) and the liquid guide shell (6) are provided with liquid outlets (4).

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