A solution for improving the recognition of annual rings, its preparation method and application

Abstract

The application discloses a solution for improving the discernibility of annual rings and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of tree annual ring measurement; the solution for improving the discernibility of annual rings comprises a hydrogen peroxide solution and glacial acetic acid; the solution for improving the discernibility of annual rings is prepared by mixing the hydrogen peroxide solution and the glacial acetic acid, and the two can play an excellent synergistic effect, so that the surface of annual ring strips is quickly cleaned, decolorized and bleached, the annual ring images of litchi trees and longan trees are highlighted, the definition of annual ring edges is increased, and the discernibility of annual rings of litchi trees and longan trees is significantly improved. The method for improving the discernibility of annual rings is simple to operate, convenient to use, low in cost, safe and reliable, and can be applied to practice.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tree ring measurement technology, and particularly relates to a solution for improving tree ring identification, its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] Tree ring identification, a method for estimating tree age based on the number of tree rings, is one of the most common methods for determining tree age. However, its feasibility heavily relies on clearly identifiable tree rings. Tree ring identification is the core of this method, and its quality directly affects the accuracy of the analysis results. Litchi and longan are common tree species in southern my country. On the one hand, the indistinct seasons in the south often result in unclear ring edges and overlapping rings in tree ring images. On the other hand, tree rings exposed to air are easily oxidized, turning red and darkening in color, making identification very difficult. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find a simple method that can significantly improve the identification of litchi and longan tree rings, effectively improving the efficiency and accuracy of tree ring analysis, and providing reliable technical support for age estimation of large litchi and longan trees using tree ring identification.

[0003] Existing techniques mainly involve polishing the annual ring samples with high-grit sandpaper to improve the identification of annual rings, or spraying the sample surface with a 66.5% ethanol solution of Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 as an auxiliary color developer to increase the color difference between earlywood and latewood, or directly using peracetic acid to eliminate the dark background to improve the identification of annual rings. However, these methods are not suitable for tree species in southern my country with indistinct annual ring edges, especially for species such as lychee and longan whose annual rings are easily oxidized and turn red and darken in color. This makes it very difficult to identify annual rings of tree species in southern my country, and the accuracy of tree age calculation is not high. Furthermore, peracetic acid is extremely unstable and has obvious corrosiveness and toxicity, making its use highly dangerous. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a solution, its preparation method, and its application that can effectively improve the identification of annual rings in litchi and longan trees.

[0005] To achieve the above objective, in a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a solution for improving the identification of tree rings, said solution comprising hydrogen peroxide solution and glacial acetic acid.

[0006] The present invention provides a solution for improving the identification of tree rings, which can be applied to the identification of tree rings in southern my country, especially litchi and longan trees. The solution provided by the present invention can significantly highlight the tree ring images of litchi and longan trees, increase the clarity of the tree ring edges, and thus improve the identification of tree rings. This solves the problems of difficult tree ring identification and low accuracy of tree age calculation in southern my country.

[0007] Specifically, hydrogen peroxide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula H₂O₂. It can ionize to release hydrogen peroxide ions, which act on pigments, breaking the conjugated double bonds of the pigments, thereby achieving a decolorizing and bleaching effect. On the growth rings, it reacts with contaminants and pigment molecules, altering their structure and quickly removing dark backgrounds and contaminants. Hydrogen peroxide, as a bleaching agent, is widely used for bleaching polyester-cotton, silk, cotton, linen fabrics, pulp, and oil paintings due to its advantages such as short reaction time, high whiteness, no yellowing after prolonged storage, low environmental pollution, and easy wastewater treatment. Glacial acetic acid is an organic monocarboxylic acid with the chemical formula CH₃COOH. Soaking the growth rings softens the dry, hard tissue, increasing the bleaching rate and effect of hydrogen peroxide. Simultaneously, glacial acetic acid quickly softens contaminants, causing them to detach from the surface of the growth rings, thus removing surface stains. This invention combines hydrogen peroxide solution and glacial acetic acid to achieve a significant synergistic effect, enabling accurate identification of growth rings.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the solution for improving the identification of tree rings according to the present invention, the mass percentage of hydrogen peroxide in the hydrogen peroxide solution is 25-30%.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the solution for improving the identification of tree rings according to the present invention, the volume ratio of the hydrogen peroxide solution to glacial acetic acid is (2-4):1.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the solution for improving the identification of tree rings according to the present invention, the volume ratio of the hydrogen peroxide solution to glacial acetic acid is 3:1.

[0011] The inventors discovered that when the volume ratio of hydrogen peroxide solution to glacial acetic acid is further selected to be (2-4):1, especially 3:1, the resulting solution can more effectively increase the clarity of the growth ring edges and improve the recognition of growth rings when applied to subsequent processing of the annual ring disc.

[0012] In a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for preparing the solution for improving the identification of growth rings, the method comprising the following steps: adding hydrogen peroxide solution to glacial acetic acid and stirring evenly to obtain a solution for improving the identification of growth rings.

[0013] The solution preparation method provided by this invention is simple and beneficial for practical production. During the preparation process, although the added hydrogen peroxide and glacial acetic acid react to produce peracetic acid, the reaction is extremely slow when the two are mixed in their respective mass fractions, and can be considered as almost non-existent.

[0014] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for improving the identification of annual rings, the method comprising the following steps: placing an annual ring disc or annual ring strip in the solution for improving the identification of annual rings described in the present invention, soaking it at room temperature in the dark for 24-30 hours, and then rinsing it.

[0015] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides the application of the solution for improving the identification of tree rings in litchi and longan trees.

[0016] When the solution provided by this invention is applied to the identification of annual rings in litchi and longan trees, the scientific ratio of hydrogen peroxide solution and glacial acetic acid in the solution can promote rapid cleaning, decolorization and bleaching of the surface of the annual rings, which can highlight the annual ring images of litchi and longan trees, increase the clarity of the annual ring edges, and significantly improve the identification of annual rings in litchi and longan trees.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] This invention provides a solution for improving the identification of tree rings. By mixing hydrogen peroxide solution and glacial acetic acid, the two exhibit excellent synergistic effects, thereby promoting rapid cleaning, decolorization, and bleaching of the tree ring surface, highlighting the tree ring images of lychee and longan trees, increasing the clarity of the tree ring edges, and significantly improving the identification of tree rings in lychee and longan trees. Furthermore, the method for improving the identification of tree rings provided by this invention is simple to operate, convenient to use, low in cost, safe, and reliable, and can be applied in practice. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 The result image in Example 1:

[0020] Figure 2 The result is shown in Example 2;

[0021] Figure 3 The result is shown in Example 3. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To better illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0023] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials or equipment used in this invention can be purchased using conventional methods.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] This invention provides a solution for improving the identification of tree rings in an experiment. The solution is prepared by mixing 3 parts by volume of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution and 1 part by volume of glacial acetic acid. Specifically, the preparation method is as follows: slowly add 200 mL of glacial acetic acid to 600 mL of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution, mix and stir until homogeneous.

[0026] Example 2

[0027] This invention provides a solution for improving the identification of tree rings, the only difference from Example 1 being that the solution is prepared by mixing 2 parts by volume of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution and 1 part by volume of glacial acetic acid.

[0028] Example 3

[0029] This invention provides a solution for improving the identification of tree rings, the only difference from Example 1 being that the solution is prepared by mixing 4 parts by volume of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution and 1 part by volume of glacial acetic acid.

[0030] Example 4

[0031] This invention provides a solution for improving the identification of tree rings, the only difference from Example 1 being that the solution is prepared by mixing 6 parts by volume of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution and 1 part by volume of glacial acetic acid.

[0032] Comparative Example 1

[0033] The present invention provides a solution for improving the identification of tree rings in a comparative example, the only difference from Example 1 being that the solution is distilled water.

[0034] Comparative Example 2

[0035] The present invention provides a comparative example of a solution for improving the identification of tree rings. The only difference between this solution and Example 1 is that the solution is prepared by slowly adding 665 mL of anhydrous ethanol to 335 mL of water, mixing thoroughly, and then adding 0.5 g of Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 and stirring until completely dissolved.

[0036] Comparative Example 3

[0037] The present invention provides a solution for improving the identification of tree rings in a comparative example, the only difference from Example 1 being that the solution is 30% hydrogen peroxide by mass.

[0038] Comparative Example 4

[0039] The present invention provides a solution for improving the identification of tree rings in a comparative example, the only difference from Example 1 being that the solution is glacial acetic acid.

[0040] Comparative Example 5

[0041] The present invention provides a comparative example of a solution for improving the identification of tree rings, the only difference from Example 1 being that the solution is prepared by mixing 3 parts by volume of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution and 1 part by volume of sulfuric acid.

[0042] Comparative Example 6

[0043] The present invention provides a solution for improving the identification of tree rings in a comparative example, the only difference from Example 1 being that the solution is prepared by mixing 3 parts by volume of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution and 1 part by volume of phosphoric acid.

[0044] Comparative Example 7

[0045] The present invention provides a solution for improving the identification of tree rings, the only difference from Example 1 being that the solution is a 10 g / L peracetic acid solution.

[0046] Example of effect 1

[0047] This invention verifies the effect of the solutions obtained in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-7 on the annual ring identification of litchi or longan trees. Eleven litchi tree annual rings and eleven longan tree annual rings were taken. Each group of annual rings (one litchi tree annual ring and one longan tree annual ring constituted one group) was immersed in the solutions prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-7 at room temperature in the dark, with the liquid level 1 cm above the annual rings. The immersion time was 24 hours. After immersion, the rings were rinsed with clean water and then photographed. The resulting images are shown below. Figure 1 As shown;

[0048] from Figure 1 As can be seen, after treatment with the solution from the water group in Comparative Example 1, the annual ring disk exhibited a rough surface with obvious saw marks, and no obvious annual ring images or clear annual ring edges were observed, making it impossible to identify and calculate the annual rings. After treatment with the solution prepared in Comparative Example 2, the annual ring disk showed an overall darker color, and the edges of the annual rings were more blurred than before treatment, with unclear annual ring images and indistinct annual ring edges. After treatment with the solutions prepared in Comparative Examples 3-6, the annual ring images on the annual ring disk were also unclear, making it impossible to effectively identify and calculate the annual rings. After treatment with the peracetic acid solution in Comparative Example 7, the annual ring images on the annual ring disk were unclear, making it impossible to effectively identify and calculate the annual rings. After treatment with the solutions prepared in Examples 1-4, the annual ring disk showed no obvious saw marks, had a smooth and delicate surface, and the annual ring images were obvious with clearly visible annual ring edges. In particular, after treatment with the solutions prepared in Examples 1-3, the clarity of the annual ring edges was more obvious, indicating a more significant improvement in annual ring identification.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] This invention verifies the effect of the solution obtained in Example 1 on the identification of annual rings in litchi or longan trees. After obtaining annual rings from litchi and longan trees using a tree growth cone, the rings were fixed in a wooden trough and sanded with 200-grit, 400-grit, and 800-grit sandpaper, respectively, and photographed (before treatment). Then, the solution obtained in Example 1 was used to soak the rings for 24 hours at room temperature in the dark, after which they were rinsed with water, dried, and photographed (after treatment). The results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown;

[0051] from Figure 2 As can be seen from the comparison of the effects before and after treatment with the solution obtained in Example 1, the annual rings of lychee and longan trees before treatment appear as dark surfaces, with indistinct boundaries between earlywood and latewood, and blurred and difficult-to-identify ring edges, making annual ring identification and calculation extremely difficult. However, after treatment with the solution obtained in Example 1, the surface becomes light-colored, with alternating light and dark patterns clearly visible on the annual ring surface, highlighting the boundary between earlywood and latewood, and making the ring edges clear and easily distinguishable. Therefore, the solution obtained in Example 1 can highlight the annual ring images of lychee and longan trees, increase the clarity of ring edges, and thus improve the identification of annual rings.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] This invention verifies the effect of the solution obtained in Example 1 on the annual ring identification of different types of trees. Annual ring strips were obtained from *Ficus macrocarpa*, *Ficus microcarpa var. microcarpa*, *Ficus altissima*, *Celtis sinensis*, *Ficus spp.*, *Mango chinensis*, and *Jackfruit spp.* using a tree growth cone. These strips were then fixed in a wooden trough and sanded with 200-grit, 400-grit, and 800-grit sandpaper, respectively, and photographed (before treatment). After soaking in the solution obtained in Example 1 at room temperature in the dark for 24 hours, the strips were rinsed with water, dried, and photographed (after treatment). The results are as follows: Figure 3 As shown;

[0054] from Figure 3 As can be seen from the above, the solution provided in Example 1 of the present invention has little effect on the identification of annual rings of other common trees in the south. It cannot effectively improve the annual ring images before and after processing, that is, it cannot effectively identify and calculate the annual rings.

[0055] Example of effect 4

[0056] This invention demonstrates the effect of the solution obtained in Example 1 on the age calculation of litchi and longan trees. Tree growth cones were used to drill annual rings from 10 litchi trees and 10 longan trees with a known age of 29 years, obtaining 10 litchi tree annual rings and 10 longan tree annual rings. Each group of annual rings (one litchi tree annual ring and one longan tree annual ring constituted one group) was immersed in the solution prepared in Example 1 to improve the identification of annual rings under a dark environment at room temperature. The liquid level was 1 cm above the annual rings, and the immersion time was 24 hours. After immersion, the trees were rinsed with clean water, and then the tree age was calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0057] Table 1

[0058]

[0059] As shown in Table 1, the average ages of the litchi and longan trees calculated after the implementation were 29.3 ± 0.82 years and 29.6 ± 1.26 years, respectively, both consistent with the actual age of 29 years. This indicates that the solution treatment of the present invention can obtain tree age results with high accuracy. Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solution for improving the identification of annual rings in litchi and longan trees, characterized in that, The solution used to improve the visibility of growth rings is a hydrogen peroxide solution and glacial acetic acid.

2. The solution for improving the identification of annual rings in litchi and longan trees according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen peroxide solution contains 25-30% hydrogen peroxide by mass.

3. The solution for improving the identification of annual rings in litchi and longan trees according to claim 2, characterized in that, The volume ratio of the hydrogen peroxide solution to glacial acetic acid is (2-4):

1.

4. The solution for improving the identification of annual rings in litchi and longan trees according to claim 1, characterized in that, The volume ratio of the hydrogen peroxide solution to glacial acetic acid is 3:

1.

5. The method for preparing the solution for improving the annual ring identification of litchi and longan trees as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The preparation method includes the following steps: adding hydrogen peroxide solution to glacial acetic acid and stirring evenly to obtain a solution that improves the annual ring identification of litchi and longan trees.

6. A method for improving the identification of annual rings in litchi and longan trees, characterized in that, The method for improving the identification of annual rings of litchi and longan trees includes the following steps: placing the annual ring discs of litchi and longan trees in the solution for improving the identification of annual rings of litchi and longan trees as described in any one of claims 1-4, soaking them at room temperature in the dark for 24-30 hours, and then rinsing them.

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