Hair Bleaching Composition and Method of Use Thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides hair bleaching compositions, methods of using the hair bleaching compositions, and methods of preparing the hair bleaching compositions. These hair bleaching compositions comprise at least one gallic acid derivative, at least one amino acid and / or at least one amino acid derivative, at least one oxidizing agent, and optionally at least one hair care agent and / or hair treatment agent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention generally relates to compositions and methods for bleaching hair, and methods for preparing hair bleaching compositions. Background Art

[0002] Hair coloring, a method of changing the color of hair, is widely used to achieve a desired hair color and is used as a primary hair styling tool. Hair coloring methods typically include the steps of bleaching the hair followed by depositing the desired color onto the hair. The purpose of bleaching the hair is to remove its current color so that the subsequently deposited color can achieve the best effect. In most cases, the bleaching step is necessary because the remnants of the current hair color will interfere with the subsequently deposited color and make it impossible to achieve the desired final effect. This bleaching step is referred to as the hair "lightening" or hair color "lifting" step and plays a crucial role in the hair coloring and styling industry.

[0003] Hair bleaching has its drawbacks, mainly due to the oxidizing components used during the hair bleaching process. These oxidizing components are known to cause damage to the hair and / or irritation to the scalp. The damage caused by hair bleaching can be not only cosmetic but also structural. For example, the hair bleaching process can lead to the breakage of disulfide bonds in the hair fibers. Subsequently, hair bleaching becomes the main limiting step in hair coloring and hair styling.

[0004] Despite the industry's long-term efforts to find remedies and minimize hair damage caused by hair bleaching, this problem has not been fundamentally solved. Researchers have taken two different approaches to solve this problem: post-bleaching remedial treatments and new damage-minimizing bleaching methods. The former is limited by the fact that some structural damage is permanent and cannot be simply solved by remedial treatments. The latter (new damage-minimizing bleaching methods) has presented significant challenges because the main contributor to hair damage, the oxidizing component, must also be strong enough to effectively bleach the hair. Therefore, a perfect balance must be achieved to realize an ideal bleaching method in which the hair fibers should be significantly strengthened to resist bleaching damage during the bleaching process while it will maintain a reasonable bleaching potential.

[0005] Accordingly, an object of the present disclosure is to provide a hair bleaching composition that is unexpectedly mild to the hair while maintaining reasonable bleaching efficacy. Summary of the Invention

[0006] There are provided herein hair bleaching compositions, methods of using the hair bleaching compositions, and methods for preparing the hair bleaching compositions.

[0007] The present invention relates to a hair bleaching composition comprising (a) at least one gallic acid derivative; (b) at least one amino acid and / or at least one amino acid derivative; (c) at least one oxidizing agent; and (d) optionally, at least one hair care agent and / or hair treatment agent.

[0008] The present invention also relates to a method of using a hair bleaching composition, which comprises (a) mixing the hair bleaching composition with a developer composition; (b) applying the mixture of step (a) to the hair and keeping the mixture for no more than two hours; (c) rinsing the mixture of step (a) from the hair; wherein the hair bleaching composition comprises at least one gallic acid derivative, at least one amino acid and / or at least one amino acid derivative, at least one oxidizing agent and optionally at least one hair care agent and / or hair treatment agent.

[0009] The present invention also relates to a method for preparing a hair bleaching composition, the method comprising (a) mixing one or more gallic acid derivatives with one or more amino acids and / or their cosmetically acceptable salts; and (b) mixing a bleaching agent with the mixture of step (a) to form a hair bleaching composition; wherein the hair bleaching composition is freshly prepared for hair bleaching. Detailed Description

[0010] Definitions and Conventions

[0011] The term "comprising" means that the list of elements is not necessarily limited to those expressly recited.

[0012] As used herein, "hair" means mammalian hair, including scalp hair, facial hair and body hair, but particularly human head hair.

[0013] As used herein, "cosmetically acceptable" means that the composition or component is suitable for contact with human keratinous tissue.

[0014] As used herein, "naturally occurring" means occurring in nature without human assistance.

[0015] As used herein, "essential amino acid" means an amino acid selected from the group consisting of histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan and valine.

[0016] As used herein, "conditionally essential amino acid" means an amino acid selected from arginine, cysteine, glutamine, tyrosine, glycine, ornithine, proline and serine.

[0017] Unless otherwise specified, the term "molecular weight" refers to the weight-average molecular weight.

[0018] As used herein, "QS" means an amount sufficient for 100%.

[0019] As used herein, the phrase "persulfate loading" means the weight percentage of persulfate ions based on the weight of the total composition.

[0020] As used herein, the phrase "percarbonate loading" means the weight percentage of percarbonate ions based on the weight of the total composition.

[0021] Unless otherwise indicated: all numerical amounts should be understood to be modified by the word "about", all percentages are by weight of the total composition, and all ratios are weight ratios.

[0022] It should be understood that each numerical range expressly recited herein will include every narrower numerical range falling within such broader numerical range, as if such narrower numerical ranges were all expressly recited herein.

[0023] As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a" and "the" include plural referents. Thus, for example, reference to "an element" is a reference to one or more elements and includes equivalents thereof known to those skilled in the art. Similarly, by way of further example, reference to "a step" or "a device" is a reference to one or more steps or devices and may include sub-steps and subordinate devices.

[0024] As used herein, a sentence reciting a series of alternatives should be interpreted as if a series of sentences were provided, such that each given alternative is provided alone in the sentence. For example, the sentence "In some embodiments, the composition comprises A, B, or C" should be interpreted as if written as the following three separate sentences: "In some embodiments, the composition comprises A. In some embodiments, the composition comprises B. In some embodiments, the composition comprises C." As another example, the sentence "In some embodiments, the composition comprises at least A, B, or C" should be interpreted as if written as the following three separate sentences: "In some embodiments, the composition comprises at least A. In some embodiments, the composition comprises at least B. In some embodiments, the composition comprises at least C."

[0025] As used herein, "and / or" means "and" or "or". For example, "A and / or B" means "A, B, or both A and B", and "A, B, C, and / or D" means "A, B, C, D, or a combination thereof", and said "A, B, C, D, or a combination thereof" means any subset of A, B, C, and D, e.g., a single-member subset (e.g., A or B or C or D), a two-member subset (e.g., A and B, A and C, etc.), or a three-member subset (e.g., A, B, and C, or A, B, and D, etc.), or all four members (e.g., A, B, C, and D).

[0026] Hair Bleaching Composition

[0027] The present invention describes a hair bleaching composition comprising:

[0028] a) at least one gallic acid derivative;

[0029] b) at least one amino acid and / or at least one amino acid derivative;

[0030] c) at least one oxidizing agent; and

[0031] d) optionally, at least one hair care agent and / or hair treatment agent.

[0032] The hair bleaching composition can be in the form of a powder, slurry powder, suspension, emulsion, cream, lotion, and ointment.

[0033] Gallic Acid Derivative

[0034] The hair bleaching composition comprises at least one gallic acid derivative of the following formula (I),

[0035]

[0036] wherein R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, an ammonium salt, or an alkyl or alkenyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms; R 2 , R 3 and R 4 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a polyoxyethylene group, a polyoxypropylene group, or a residue of a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or oligosaccharide.

[0037] Preferably, the hair bleaching composition may comprise one or more gallic acid derivatives, wherein two of R 2 , R 3 and R 4 in formula (I) independently represent a residue of a monosaccharide, disaccharide, or oligosaccharide.

[0038] More preferably, the hair bleaching composition may comprise one or more gallic acid derivatives selected from the following: gallic acid-3,5-diglucoside; gallic acid-3,4-diglucoside; methyl gallate-3,5-diglucoside; ethyl gallate-3,5-diglucoside; propyl gallate-3,5-diglucoside; butyl gallate-3,5-diglucoside; gallic acid-3,5-dimannoside; sodium gallate-3,5-diglucoside; ammonium gallate-3,5-diglucoside.

[0039] Most preferably, the hair bleaching composition may comprise gallic acid-3,5-glucoside.

[0040] The hair bleaching composition may further comprise at least one gallic acid derivative, wherein one of R 2 , R 3 and R 4 in formula (I) represents a residue of a monosaccharide, disaccharide or oligosaccharide, each based on the total content of the gallic acid derivative. Preferably, the gallic acid derivative in which one of R 2 , R 3 and R 4 represents a residue of a monosaccharide, disaccharide or oligosaccharide (each based on the total content of the gallic acid derivative) is selected from the group consisting of: gallic acid-3-glucoside, methyl gallate-3-glucoside, ethyl gallate-3-glucoside, propyl gallate-3-glucoside, gallic acid-4-glucoside, sodium gallate-3-glucoside, ammonium gallate-4-glucoside, gallic acid-3-mannoside, gallic acid-4-mannoside, methyl gallate-4-mannoside, etc.

[0041] Non-limiting examples of commercial gallic acid derivatives include the product named DGG LEOGARD DGG sold by Lion Specialty Chemicals Co., Ltd., the INCI name of which is diglucosyl gallic acid.

[0042] The hair bleaching composition may comprise at least one gallic acid derivative in a total amount of 0.0001% to 10%, preferably 0.0005% to 5%, particularly preferably 0.001% to 1%, and most preferably 0.01% to 0.1%, each based on the weight of the hair bleaching composition.

[0043] Amino Acid and Amino Acid Derivative

[0044] The hair bleaching composition comprises at least one amino acid and / or at least one amino acid derivative.

[0045] At least one amino acid may be selected from the group consisting of alanine, arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, citrulline, cysteine, glutamic acid, glutamine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, ornithine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine, valine, and mixtures thereof.

[0046] At least one amino acid may be selected from essential amino acids, conditionally essential amino acids, and mixtures thereof. Preferably, at least one amino acid may comprise at least one essential amino acid and at least one conditionally essential amino acid.

[0047] At least one amino acid derivative may be a naturally occurring amino acid derivative.

[0048] At least one amino acid derivative may be selected from amino acid salts, lactams, and mixtures thereof.

[0049] At least one amino acid derivative may comprise an amino acid salt. Preferably, the amino acid salt may be selected from alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, ammonium salts, and mixtures thereof. More preferably, the amino acid salt may be an alkali metal salt.

[0050] At least one amino acid derivative may comprise a lactam. It should be understood that some lactams may contain free acid groups (i.e., pyroglutamic acid) and may thus form salts (i.e., pyroglutamate salts). Thus, when chemically feasible, at least one amino derivative may comprise a lactam and / or their salts. Preferably, at least one amino acid derivative may be selected from the group consisting of β-lactam, γ-lactam, δ-lactam, and ε-lactam. More preferably, at least one amino acid derivative may comprise γ-lactam. Most preferably, at least one amino acid derivative may comprise pyroglutamic acid and / or its salts.

[0051] Preferably, the hair bleaching composition comprises at least one amino acid and at least one amino acid derivative. More preferably, the hair bleaching composition may comprise at least two amino acids and at least one amino acid derivative. Particularly preferably, the hair bleaching composition may comprise at least one essential amino acid, at least one conditionally essential amino acid, at least one lactam, and / or their cosmetically acceptable salts. Most preferably, the hair bleaching composition comprises lysine, arginine, and pyroglutamic acid and / or their cosmetically acceptable salts. Most preferably, the hair bleaching composition comprises lysine, arginine, and pyroglutamic acid.

[0052] The hair bleaching composition may comprise a total of 0.01% to 10%, preferably 0.05% to 8%, particularly preferably 0.08% to 5%, and most preferably 0.1% to 3% of at least one amino acid and / or at least one amino acid derivative, each based on the weight of the hair bleaching composition.

[0053] When a hair bleaching composition comprises at least one amino acid and at least one lactam, the total weight of the amino acids present may be less than the total weight of the lactams present. Preferably, the weight ratio of the amino acid with the lowest concentration to the lactam with the highest concentration may be not less than 1:20, preferably not less than 1:15, more preferably not less than 1:10.

[0054] When a hair bleaching composition comprises at least two amino acids, the weight ratio of the amino acid with the highest concentration to the amino acid with the lowest concentration may be not greater than 10:1, preferably not greater than 8:1, more preferably not greater than 5:1.

[0055] When a hair bleaching composition comprises pyroglutamic acid, lysine and arginine and / or their cosmetically acceptable salts, the order from the highest to the lowest concentration may be pyroglutamic acid, arginine and lysine.

[0056] Oxidizing Agent

[0057] The hair bleaching composition comprises at least one oxidizing agent.

[0058] The oxidizing agent may be selected from the group consisting of persulfates, percarbonates and mixtures thereof.

[0059] Preferably, the oxidizing agent may be selected from the group consisting of alkali metal persulfates, alkali metal percarbonates, ammonium persulfate, ammonium percarbonate and mixtures thereof.

[0060] Examples of persulfates include, but are not limited to, sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate and ammonium persulfate.

[0061] Examples of percarbonates include, but are not limited to, sodium percarbonate and potassium percarbonate.

[0062] More preferably, the hair bleaching composition comprises at least one persulfate.

[0063] Most preferably, the hair bleaching composition comprises at least one persulfate selected from the group consisting of sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate and mixtures thereof.

[0064] The oxidizing agent may be used for hair bleaching purposes in pure form or in the form of a mixture with other ingredients. Oxidation mixtures are often used in the industry and may contain one or more oxidizing agents. Mixing multiple oxidizing agents can produce beneficial effects such as better solubility, smoother application, better compliance with the developer, and better final appearance results.

[0065] Examples of oxidation mixtures include, but are not limited to, commercially available bleach powders such as the product sold by Aveda Corporation under the trade name Aveda Enlightener Freehand Bond - Strengthening Brightener, and the product sold by Coty, Inc. under the trade name Clairol Professional BW2 Power Brightener.

[0066] When the oxidation mixture is used for hair bleaching purposes, the oxidizing power of the hair bleaching composition can be measured by persulfate loading and / or percarbonate loading, regardless of what cations are present in the hair bleaching composition. The persulfate loading of the oxidation mixture can be determined by established analytical methods, including iodometric titration.

[0067] The hair bleaching composition may comprise at least one oxidizing agent, wherein the persulfate loading and / or percarbonate loading of the hair bleaching composition may be from 1% to 85%, preferably from 5% to 70%, particularly preferably from 10 to 60%, and most preferably from 30% to 50%, each based on the weight of the hair bleaching composition.

[0068] Optional Hair Care Ingredient and / or Hair Treatment Ingredient

[0069] Optionally, the hair bleaching compositions may contain, at their conventional state of the art, hair care ingredients and / or hair treatment ingredients commonly used in hair bleaching compositions, provided that they are compatible with the other components and do not detract from the beneficial results delivered by the present invention. Such optional ingredients include oils, fatty acids, fatty alcohols, esters, suspending agents, pH regulators, etc. that are approved for use in hair bleaching formulations.

[0070] Oils generally include natural oils and synthetic oils. Natural oils may be preferred.

[0071] Non - limiting examples of natural oils include avocado oil, castor oil, coconut oil, jojoba oil, grape seed oil, kukui seed oil, olive oil, rose oil, rosemary oil, sunflower oil, sweet almond oil, and tea oil.

[0072] Fatty acids generally include saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids.

[0073] Fatty alcohols generally include saturated fatty alcohols and unsaturated fatty alcohols.

[0074] The hair bleaching composition may comprise at least one hair care ingredient and / or hair treatment ingredient, present in an amount from 0.01% to 30%, preferably from 0.1% to 20%, particularly preferably from 0.2% to 15%, and most preferably from 0.2% to 10%, each based on the weight of the hair bleaching composition.

[0075] Preparation Method

[0076] This document describes a method for preparing a hair bleaching composition, which includes:

[0077] a) Mixing one or more gallic acid derivatives with one or more amino acids and / or their cosmetically acceptable salts; and

[0078] b) Mixing a bleaching agent with the mixture of step (a);

[0079] wherein the hair bleaching composition is freshly prepared for hair bleaching.

[0080] Usage Method

[0081] This document describes a method for using a hair bleaching composition, which includes:

[0082] a) Mixing the hair bleaching composition with a developer composition;

[0083] b) Applying the mixture of step (a) to the hair and keeping the mixture for no more than two hours;

[0084] c) Rinsing the mixture of step (a) from the hair;

[0085] wherein the bleaching composition contains at least one gallic acid derivative; at least one amino acid and / or at least one amino acid derivative; at least one oxidizing agent; and optionally, one or more hair care agents and / or hair treatment agents.

[0086] Developer Composition

[0087] The developer composition used in the hair bleaching method herein contains hydrogen peroxide and / or peroxide salts.

[0088] The developer composition may contain 0.1% to 50% by weight, preferably 1% to 30% by weight, of hydrogen peroxide and / or peroxide salts, each based on the weight of the developer composition.

[0089] The purpose of the developer composition is to enable access to the hair cuticle, so that hair bleaching and / or hair dyeing can be effective. In the absence of the developer composition, the hair bleaching composition and / or hair dyeing composition will not achieve the desired results.

[0090] The developer strength of the developer composition is usually measured by the volume of oxygen released per volume of the solution. For example, one volume of a 30-volume developer composition can release 30 volumes of oxygen.

[0091] Examples of developer compositions include, but are not limited to, commercially available products sold under the trade names Aveda Color Catalyst Developer and Salon Care Clear Developer and having various volume options.

[0092] Examples

[0093] The following are non-limiting examples of the hair bleaching compositions described herein. These examples should not be construed as limiting the invention, as many variations are possible without departing from the essence and scope of the invention.

[0094] Example 1

[0095] 1.1. Oxidation Mixture

[0096] Commercially available oxidation mixtures are used in the following examples. The persulfate load of various commercially available oxidation mixtures is calculated based on available data or determined by iodometric titration. For example, Aveda Enlightener Freehand Bond - strengthening brightener contains approximately 38% potassium persulfate, approximately 14% ammonium persulfate, and approximately 6% sodium persulfate, which converts to an approximately 48.5% persulfate load.

[0097] Table 1. Persulfate Loading of Commercially Available Oxidation Mixtures

[0098]

[0099] 1.2. Hair Bleaching Composition

[0100] The hair bleaching composition of Formulation 1 is prepared by mixing 96 grams of Aveda Enlightener Freehand Bond - strengthening brightener sold by Aveda Corporation and 4 grams of water.

[0101] The hair bleaching composition of Formulation 2 is prepared in two steps: in the first step, 80 grams of pyroglutamic acid, 40 grams of arginine, 10 grams of lysine, and 2 grams of diglucosyl gallic acid are mixed together; and in the second step, 1.32 grams of the mixture obtained in the first step is mixed with 96 grams of Aveda Enlightener Freehand Bond - strengthening brightener and 2.68 grams of water.

[0102] Thus, based on the persulfate load of the Aveda Enlightener Freehand Bond - strengthening brightener powder, the persulfate loads of Formulation 1 and Formulation 2 are the same, approximately 46.56%.

[0103] 1.3. Application

[0104] Strand Preparation

[0105] For Experiments I-IV, 8th grade hair samples measured 1 inch wide, 6 inches long, and weighing approximately 3 g were divided into three equal parts. One part was kept untreated, and the other two were used for Experiments I and III and Experiments II and IV, respectively.

[0106] Experiment I

[0107] The hair bleaching composition of Formula 1 (5 g) and the Aveda Color Volume 40 catalytic developer (10 g) were mixed together. The freshly prepared mixture was evenly applied to dry hair strands at a rate of 5 g of the mixture per gram of hair. Once the hair strands were bleached at 37 °C for 45 minutes, they were washed with water for 2 minutes and dried with a hair dryer at medium heat.

[0108] This bleaching process was carried out once. The treated hair fibers showed sufficient color loss. Then, the treated hair fibers were stored in a humidity chamber for 24 hours before being tested for elastic modulus and used in Experiment III.

[0109] Experiment II

[0110] The hair bleaching composition of Formula 2 (5 g) and the Aveda Color Volume 40 catalytic developer (10 g) were mixed together. The freshly prepared mixture was evenly applied to dry hair strands at a rate of 5 g of the mixture per gram of hair. Once the hair strands were bleached at 37 °C for 45 minutes, they were washed with water for 2 minutes and dried with a hair dryer at medium heat.

[0111] This bleaching process was carried out once. The treated hair fibers showed sufficient color loss. Then, the treated hair fibers were stored in a humidity chamber for 24 hours before being tested for elastic modulus and used in Experiment IV.

[0112] Experiment III

[0113] The hair bleaching composition of Formula 1 (5 g) and the Aveda Color Volume 30 catalytic developer (10 g) were mixed. The freshly prepared mixture was evenly applied to the dry hair locks from Experiment I at a rate of 5 g of the mixture per gram of hair. Once the hair strands were bleached at 37 °C for 45 minutes, they were washed with water for 2 minutes and dried with a hair dryer at medium heat.

[0114] As expected, all treated hair fibers showed more color loss than the hair fibers in Experiment I. Before the elastic modulus test, the treated hair fibers were stored in a humidity chamber for 24 hours.

[0115] Experiment IV

[0116] The hair bleaching composition formulation 2 (5 g) and Aveda Color Volume 30 catalytic developer (10 g) were mixed. The freshly prepared mixture was evenly applied to the dry tress strands from Experiment II at a rate of 5 g of the mixture per gram of hair. Once the strands were bleached at 37 °C for 45 minutes, they were washed with water for 2 minutes and dried with a hair dryer at medium heat.

[0117] All treated hair fibers showed more color loss than the hair fibers in Experiment II. Before the elastic modulus test, the treated hair fibers were stored in a humidity chamber for 24 hours.

[0118] 1.4. Determination of Changes in Elastic Modulus (EMod)

[0119] Forty individual hair fibers for tensile analysis were prepared from each tress by passing and curling the hair using brass curlers and a Diastron AAS1600 (Diastron Ltd, UK). The average cross-sectional area of each fiber was measured using a laser micrometer FDAS 770 unit (Diastron Ltd, UK) at 24 °C and 55% relative humidity (RH).

[0120] All hair fibers were soaked in water for 1 hour before testing. They were then stretched (0% - 1.5% elongation) using a Diastron MTT 686 instrument with a control unit UV1000 (Diastron Ltd, UK), and the final results were calculated by software analysis (UvWin2.35.0000, Diastron, Ltd, UK). The change in elastic modulus was then recorded in the table below. It should be understood that a higher EMod value corresponds to stronger hair fibers. Thus, a negative EMod value may be related to lower hair fiber strength resulting from the hair whitening process. The more negative this value, the greater the strength loss that may be caused during the hair whitening process.

[0121] The results in Table 2 clearly indicate that the hair fibers in Experiments II and IV showed much smaller strength losses than the treated hair fibers in Experiments I and III, respectively.

[0122] Table 2: Changes in Elastic Modulus (EMod) before and after Bleaching

[0123]

[0124] Example 2

[0125] 2.1 Application

[0126] Strand Preparation

[0127] For Experiments V and VI, an 8 - grade hair sample measuring 1 inch wide, 6 inches long, and approximately 3 g of hair (IHIP, NY) was divided into three equal parts. One part was kept untreated, and the other two were treated as described.

[0128] Experiment V

[0129] The hair bleaching composition of Formula 1 (5 g) and Aveda Color Volume 40 catalytic developer (10 g) were mixed together. The freshly prepared mixture was uniformly applied to dry hair strands at a rate of 5 g of the mixture per gram of hair. Once the hair strands were bleached at 37 °C for 45 minutes, they were washed with water for 2 minutes and dried with a hair dryer at medium heat.

[0130] This bleaching process was repeated once so that the hair strands were bleached continuously twice. Before the elastic modulus test, the treated hair fibers were stored in a humidity chamber for 24 hours. All treated hair fibers showed sufficient color loss.

[0131] Experiment VI

[0132] The hair bleaching composition of Formula 2 (5 g) and Aveda Color Volume 40 catalytic developer (10 g) were mixed together. The freshly prepared mixture was uniformly applied to dry hair strands at a rate of 5 g of the mixture per gram of hair. Once the hair strands were bleached at 37 °C for 45 minutes, they were washed with water for 2 minutes and dried with a hair dryer at medium heat.

[0133] This bleaching process was repeated once so that the hair strands were bleached continuously twice. Before the elastic modulus test, the treated hair fibers were stored in a humidity chamber for 24 hours. All treated hair fibers showed sufficient color loss.

[0134] 2.2. Determination of Changes in Elastic Modulus (EMod)

[0135] Forty individual hair fibers were prepared from each tress for tensile analysis by passing and curling the hair using brass curlers and a Diastron AAS1600 (Diastron Ltd, UK). The average cross - sectional area of each fiber was determined using a laser micrometer FDAS 770 unit (Diastron Ltd, UK) at 24 °C and 55% relative humidity (RH).

[0136] Before testing, all hair fibers were soaked in water for 1 hour. Then they were stretched (0%-1.5% elongation) using a Diastron MTT 686 instrument (Diastron Ltd, UK) with a control unit UV1000, and the final results were calculated through software analysis (UvWin2.35.0000, Diastron, Ltd, UK). Then the changes in elastic modulus were recorded in the table below. It should be understood that higher EMod values correspond to stronger hair fibers. Therefore, negative EMod values may be related to lower hair fiber strength resulting from the hair whitening process. The more negative this value, the greater the strength loss that may be caused during the hair whitening process. The results in Table 3 clearly indicate that the hair fibers in Experiment VI showed much smaller strength losses compared to the hair fibers treated through Experiment V.

[0137] Table 3: Changes in Elastic Modulus (EMod) before and after Bleaching

[0138]

[0139] Example 3

[0140] 3.1 Application

[0141] Strand Preparation

[0142] For Experiments VII and VIII, a single-source hair sample of Grade 4, measuring 1 inch wide, 6 inches long, and weighing approximately 3 g of hair (IHIP, NY) was divided into three equal parts. One part was kept untreated, and the other two were treated as described.

[0143] Experiment VII

[0144] A hair bleaching composition of Formula 1 (5 g) and an Aveda Color Volume 30 catalytic developer (10 g) were mixed together. The freshly prepared mixture was evenly applied to dry hair strands at a rate of 5 g of the mixture per gram of hair. Once the hair strands were bleached at 37°C for 45 minutes, they were washed with water for 2 minutes and dried using a hair dryer at medium heat.

[0145] This bleaching process was repeated once so that the hair strands were bleached continuously twice. Before the elastic modulus test, the treated hair fibers were stored in a humidity chamber for 24 hours. All treated hair fibers showed sufficient color loss.

[0146] Experiment VIII

[0147] Mix the hair bleaching composition of formulation 2 (5 g) with the Aveda Color Volume 30 catalytic developer (10 g). Apply the freshly prepared mixture uniformly to the dry hair strands at a rate of 5 g of the mixture per gram of hair. Once the hair strands have been bleached at 37 °C for 45 minutes, they are washed with water for 2 minutes and dried using a hair dryer at medium heat.

[0148] Repeat this bleaching process once so that the hair strands are bleached continuously twice. Before the elastic modulus test, store the treated hair fibers in a humidity chamber for 24 hours. All the treated hair fibers show sufficient color loss.

[0149] 3.2. Determination of Changes in Elastic Modulus (EMod)

[0150] Use brass curlers and a Diastron AAS1600 (Diastron Ltd, UK) to pass through and curl the hair, and prepare 40 individual hair fibers from each lock for tensile analysis. Use a laser micrometer FDAS 770 unit (Diastron Ltd, UK) to measure the average cross-sectional area of each fiber at 24 °C and 55% relative humidity (RH).

[0151] Soak all the hair fibers in water for 1 hour before the test. Then stretch them (0% - 1.5% elongation) using a Diastron MTT 686 instrument with a control unit UV1000 (Diastron Ltd, UK), and calculate the final results through software analysis (UvWin2.35.0000, Diastron, Ltd, UK). Then record the change in elastic modulus in the table below. It should be understood that a higher EMod value corresponds to stronger hair fibers. Therefore, a negative EMod value may be related to the lower hair fiber strength generated by the hair whitening process. The more negative this value, the greater the strength loss that may be caused during the hair whitening process.

[0152] The results in Table 4 clearly indicate that the hair fibers in Experiment VIII show much smaller strength losses respectively compared to the hair fibers treated through Experiment VII.

[0153] Table 4: Changes in Elastic Modulus (EMod) before and after Bleaching

[0154]

[0155] Example 4

[0156] 4.1 Hair Bleaching Composition

[0157] The hair bleaching composition of formulation 3 was prepared by mixing 98.6 grams of Clairol Professional BW2 Power Brightener from Coty, Inc. and 1.4 grams of water.

[0158] The hair bleaching composition of formulation 4 was prepared in two steps: in the first step, 80 grams of pyroglutamic acid, 40 grams of arginine, 10 grams of lysine, and 2 grams of diglucosyl gallic acid were mixed together; and in the second step, 1.32 grams of the mixture obtained in the first step was mixed with 98.6 grams of Clairol Professional BW2 Power Brightener from Coty, Inc. and a QS amount of water.

[0159] Thus, based on the persulfate loading of Clairol Professional BW2 Power Brightener, the persulfate loadings of formulation 3 and formulation 4 were the same, approximately 44.37%.

[0160] 4.2 Application

[0161] Strand Preparation

[0162] For Experiments IX and X, 8th grade hair samples measured 1 inch wide, 6 inches long, and approximately 3 g of hair (IHIP, NY) were divided into three equal parts. One part remained untreated, and the other two were treated as described.

[0163] Experiment IX

[0164] The hair bleaching composition of formulation 3 (5 g) and Salon Care 30 Volume Developer (10 g) were mixed together. The freshly prepared mixture was evenly applied to dry hair strands at a rate of 5 g of the mixture per gram of hair. Once the hair strands were bleached at 37 °C for 45 minutes, they were washed with water for 2 minutes and dried with a hair dryer at medium heat.

[0165] This bleaching process was repeated once so that the hair strands were bleached continuously twice. Before the elastic modulus test, the treated hair fibers were stored in a humidity chamber for 24 hours. All treated hair fibers showed sufficient color loss.

[0166] Experiment X

[0167] The hair bleaching composition of formulation 4 (5 g) and Salon Care 30 Volume Developer (10 g) were mixed together. The freshly prepared mixture was evenly applied to dry hair strands at a rate of 5 g of the mixture per gram of hair. Once the hair strands were bleached at 37 °C for 45 minutes, they were washed with water for 2 minutes and dried with a hair dryer at medium heat.

[0168] Repeat this bleaching process once so that the hair strands are bleached continuously twice. Before the elastic modulus test, store the treated hair fibers in a humidity chamber for 24 hours. All treated hair fibers show sufficient color loss.

[0169] 4.3. Determination of Changes in Elastic Modulus (EMod)

[0170] Use a brass curler and Diastron AAS 1600 (Diastron Ltd, UK) to pass through and curl the hair, and prepare 40 individual hair fibers from each lock for tensile analysis. Use a laser micrometer FDAS 770 unit (Diastron Ltd, UK) to measure the average cross-sectional area of each fiber at 24 °C and 55% relative humidity (RH).

[0171] Soak all hair fibers in water for 1 hour before testing. Then stretch them (0% - 1.5% elongation) with a Diastron MTT 686 instrument (Diastron Ltd, UK) with a control unit UV1000, and calculate the final results through software analysis (UvWin2.35.0000, Diastron, Ltd, UK). Then record the change in elastic modulus in the following table. It should be understood that a higher EMod value corresponds to stronger hair fibers. Therefore, a negative EMod value may be related to the lower strength of hair fibers generated by the hair whitening process. The more negative this value is, the greater the strength loss that may be caused during the hair whitening process.

[0172] The results in Table 5 clearly indicate that the hair fibers in Experiment X show much smaller strength losses than the hair fibers treated by Experiment IX respectively.

[0173] Table 5: Changes in Elastic Modulus (EMod) before and after Bleaching

[0174]

[0175] Although specific compositions of the present invention have been described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made without departing from the essence and scope of the present invention. The appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications.

Claims

1. A hair bleaching composition, the hair bleaching composition comprising: a) at least one gallic acid derivative of the following formula (I), wherein R 1 represents an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, an ammonium salt or an alkyl or alkenyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms; R 2 , R 3 and R 4 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a polyoxyethylene group, a polyoxypropylene group, or a residue of a monosaccharide, disaccharide or oligosaccharide; and wherein R 2 , R 3 and R 4 two of which independently represent residues of monosaccharides, disaccharides or oligosaccharides; b) at least one amino acid and / or at least one amino acid derivative; c) at least one oxidizing agent, wherein the at least one oxidizing agent is selected from the group consisting of persulfates, percarbonates, and mixtures thereof; d) optionally, at least one hair care agent and / or at least one hair treatment agent, wherein, based on the total weight of the hair bleaching composition, the at least one gallic acid derivative is present from 0.0001% to 10%, wherein, based on the total weight of the hair bleaching composition, the at least one amino acid and / or at least one amino acid derivative is present from 0.01% to 10%, wherein the at least one amino acid derivative is selected from amino acid salts, lactams, and mixtures thereof.

2. The hair bleaching composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one gallic acid derivative comprises a gallic acid derivative selected from the following: gallic acid-3,5-diglucoside; gallic acid-3,4-diglucoside; methyl gallate-3,5-diglucoside; ethyl gallate-3,5-diglucoside; propyl gallate-3,5-diglucoside; butyl gallate-3,5-diglucoside; gallic acid-3,5-dimannoside; sodium gallate-3,5-diglucoside; ammonium gallate-3,5-diglucoside, and mixtures thereof.

3. The hair bleaching composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one gallic acid derivative comprises diglucosyl gallic acid.

4. The hair bleaching composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one oxidizing agent is selected from the group consisting of sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, and mixtures thereof.

5. The hair bleaching composition according to claim 4, wherein, based on the total weight of the hair bleaching composition, the persulfate loading of the hair bleaching composition is 1% to 85%.

6. A method for bleaching hair, the method comprising: a) mixing the hair bleaching composition according to any one of claims 1-5 with a developer composition; b) applying the mixture of step (a) to the hair and keeping the mixture for no more than two hours; c) rinsing the mixture of step (a) from the hair.

7. A mixture composition, the mixture composition comprising: 1) the hair bleaching composition according to any one of claims 1-5; and 2) a developer composition.

Images