Waste aluminum screening device and screening method for waste aluminum conveyor belt.

Abstract

This invention discloses a waste aluminum screening device and method utilizing waste heat from an aluminum ingot conveyor belt. The scheme involves setting a preheating channel on the upper surface of the inclined conveyor belt of the aluminum ingot, using the waste heat from the conveyor belt to preheat the waste aluminum blocks. The preheated waste enters a screening device located at the outlet of the preheating channel. The screening device uses multi-stage screens with different apertures to classify the waste by size. Different grades of waste enter corresponding airflow separation devices in the discharge flow path. The airflow separation devices accurately distinguish between aluminum blocks and impurities by detecting the differences in their impact on airflow. To adapt to the working rhythm of the airflow separation, multiple gates are installed in the preheating channel to achieve batch conveying of waste; and a guiding mechanism is installed to prevent waste blockage. The device has a simple and reliable structure, and the method steps are clear, solving the problem of low waste aluminum screening efficiency and realizing the recovery and utilization of waste heat from aluminum ingots. This scheme has promotional value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of recycled metal processing technology, and in particular to a novel technical solution for screening and processing waste aluminum materials, specifically involving recycled aluminum processing, utilization of waste heat from metal processing, screening of metal materials, processing of waste aluminum materials, and automatic control technology. Background Technology

[0002] Recycled aluminum is aluminum alloy or aluminum metal obtained by remelting and refining scrap aluminum and aluminum alloy materials or aluminum-containing waste. Before smelting scrap aluminum, impurities in the aluminum-containing waste need to be removed. Usually, the aluminum-containing waste is first crushed and disassembled, and then magnetic and non-magnetic waste are separated using a magnetic separation system as disclosed in authorization announcement number CN205462715U.

[0003] However, the recycled waste after magnetic separation often still contains a large amount of non-magnetic impurities, such as plastics, wood, and rubber. These non-magnetic wastes cannot be further separated by magnetic separators. When these residual wastes are burned during the smelting process, they produce harmful gases, which is not only environmentally unfriendly but also reduces the quality of the molten aluminum and increases the difficulty of subsequent refining. Although some impurities can be separated using density-based flotation, this method requires an additional drying step, resulting in significant resource consumption. Furthermore, some mixed materials, such as mixtures of aluminum and plastic, and rubber with a density close to that of aluminum, are still difficult to separate effectively by flotation. To solve this problem, the inventors, through careful research, discovered that the smelting furnace has a long casting time, requiring the release of a large amount of heat, while the outlet is located at a low position. The mold is connected to a conveyor belt, which uses an inclined upward conveyor section to transport the aluminum ingots to the stacking station. Based on this, the inventor designed a new technical solution: using the heat on the aluminum ingot conveyor belt 01 during the smelting of aluminum ingots to heat the broken waste aluminum blocks, and then designing a screening device based on the principle that aluminum and plastic or wood absorb heat differently. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a waste aluminum screening device that utilizes the waste heat of an aluminum ingot conveyor belt. The present invention recovers waste heat by setting up a preheating channel attached to the upper surface of the aluminum ingot conveyor belt to preheat the waste aluminum material, and uses a multi-stage screening device for coarse size separation and an airflow separation device for precise separation of aluminum blocks and impurities, thus realizing a technical solution for energy-saving and efficient screening of waste aluminum material by relying on the waste heat of the aluminum ingot conveyor belt.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: a waste aluminum screening device for utilizing the waste heat of an aluminum ingot conveyor belt, characterized in that it includes: a preheating channel, which is attached to the upper surface of the inclined conveyor belt of the aluminum ingot for preheating the waste aluminum blocks;

[0006] A screening device is installed at the outlet of the preheating channel to distinguish and separate preheated aluminum blocks from impurities;

[0007] The screening device includes multiple sets of screening components with different apertures, a vibration mechanism that provides vibration for each set of screening components, and a discharge flow path corresponding to each set of screening components;

[0008] An airflow sorting device is installed on each of the unloading flow paths to quickly separate aluminum blocks from impurities. This technical solution proposes a new waste aluminum screening device that utilizes the waste heat of the aluminum ingot conveyor belt. Its advantage lies in utilizing the waste heat on the aluminum ingot conveyor belt to preheat and screen the waste aluminum, solving the problems of complex and inefficient waste aluminum screening systems in the prior art.

[0009] Preferably, the airflow sorting device has the following structure: a vertical annular airflow chamber, with the waste material entering from the top; the inner wall of the annular airflow chamber is made of heat-insulating material; and airflow nozzles are arranged in a ring at equal intervals at the bottom of the annular airflow chamber.

[0010] The nozzles operate alternately at a certain frequency. When a nozzle is operating, if a significant upward airflow is detected within the annular airflow chamber, it is identified as an aluminum block, and the corresponding top baffle is opened to allow the aluminum block to exit. If no significant upward airflow is detected, it is identified as an impurity, and the corresponding bottom baffle is opened to discharge the impurity. This preferred embodiment further defines the specific structure of the airflow sorting device, which has the advantage of enabling rapid differentiation between aluminum blocks and impurities.

[0011] Preferably, the screening device also includes:

[0012] Multiple gates are installed within the preheating channel to control the intermittent, batch-by-batch conveying of waste material, adapting to the operating rhythm of the airflow sorting device. This preferred embodiment adds multiple gates, which has the advantage of controlling the batch-by-batch conveying of waste material to suit the operating rhythm of the airflow sorting device.

[0013] As a preferred option, the specific structure of the multi-gate is as follows:

[0014] The preheating channel sidewall is provided with pivot holes, and a door body is rotatably connected in each pivot hole; each door body is fixedly connected to a rocker arm outside the preheating channel via a mounting shaft; the rocker arms of adjacent door bodies are connected by a connecting rod; the door bodies are held in a closed state by a tension spring; applying an external force to the connecting rod, overcoming the tension of the tension spring, drives the door body to open. This preferred embodiment defines a specific implementation of a multi-gate system, which is simple, reliable, and beneficial for stable gate control.

[0015] Preferably, the screening device also includes:

[0016] A guiding mechanism is provided in the multiple gates to facilitate the flow of waste when the multiple gates are open, thereby preventing waste blockage. This preferred embodiment adds a guiding mechanism, which has the beneficial effect of preventing waste from clogging the preheating channel.

[0017] Preferably, the guiding mechanism is a belt drive assembly, which is rotatably connected to the gate body of the multi-gate. The operation of the belt drive assembly drives the guiding body provided on the gate body. The guiding body has a combined downward pressing and swinging action on the waste material to guide it. This preferred embodiment defines the specific implementation of the guiding mechanism, which achieves effective waste guiding.

[0018] This invention also provides a method for screening waste aluminum using the waste heat of an aluminum ingot conveyor belt, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1 transports the scrap aluminum blocks to a preheating channel located on the upper surface of the aluminum ingot conveyor belt for preheating;

[0020] The preheated waste aluminum blocks described in S2 enter a screening device located at the outlet of the preheating channel, where they are classified according to the size difference between the aluminum blocks and impurities.

[0021] The graded aluminum blocks and impurities described in S3 respectively enter the airflow separation device set in the discharge flow path of the corresponding screening level;

[0022] S4 uses the airflow sorting device to distinguish and sort aluminum blocks and impurities based on the difference in their influence on airflow.

[0023] Preferably, the airflow sorting device distinguishes aluminum blocks from impurities in the following manner:

[0024] Airflow is alternately injected into the aluminum block and impurities within the annular airflow chamber;

[0025] The system monitors airflow changes within the annular airflow chamber. If a significant rise in airflow is detected, the object is identified as an aluminum block and removed from the system. If no significant rise in airflow is detected, the object is identified as an impurity and removed from the system. This preferred embodiment details the operating mode of the airflow sorting device, which can accurately distinguish between aluminum blocks and impurities.

[0026] Preferably, in the method, multiple gates installed in the preheating channel and a guiding mechanism installed in the multiple gates are used to achieve quantitative batch conveying and anti-blocking guidance of the waste aluminum blocks. This preferred solution adds multiple gates and a guiding mechanism, which has the beneficial effect of enabling quantitative batch conveying of waste materials and preventing blockage.

[0027] Preferably, the guiding mechanism is a belt drive assembly. In the method, the operation of the belt drive assembly drives the guiding body on the multi-gate to produce a combined downward pressing and swinging action, thereby guiding the waste aluminum blocks. This preferred solution defines the specific working mode of the guiding mechanism, which achieves effective waste material guidance.

[0028] Preferably, the preheating channel is attached to the upper surface of the inclined, rising aluminum ingot conveyor belt, and the preheating utilizes the waste heat from the aluminum ingot conveyor belt. This preferred embodiment defines the position of the preheating channel to utilize the waste heat from the aluminum ingot conveyor belt.

[0029] Preferably, the airflow sorting device monitors changes in airflow within the annular airflow chamber by detecting changes in airflow velocity, thereby distinguishing between aluminum blocks and impurities. This preferred embodiment defines the detection method of the airflow sorting device to accurately distinguish between aluminum blocks and impurities.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0031] This technical solution proposes a waste aluminum screening device and method for utilizing the waste heat of an aluminum ingot conveyor belt. The main benefits of this solution are:

[0032] 1. The waste heat generated during the upward movement of the aluminum ingot conveyor belt is used to preheat the scrap aluminum blocks, thus realizing the recovery and utilization of waste heat and saving energy.

[0033] 2. A screening device was used to classify the preheated waste aluminum blocks by size, and then an airflow separation device was used to distinguish them based on the differences in thermal properties between the aluminum blocks and impurities, thus achieving efficient and rapid screening.

[0034] 2. Multiple gates are set up to achieve intermittent batch supply of waste materials, which is coordinated with the working rhythm of the airflow separation device. In addition, a drainage mechanism is added to prevent blockage, ensuring the smooth progress of the screening process.

[0035] 4. The technical solution has a simple and reliable equipment structure, clear methods and steps, and is easy to implement and promote. It can effectively solve the problem of low efficiency in the current waste aluminum screening system.

[0036] 5. This approach can improve the utilization efficiency and quality of waste aluminum, and is of great significance for promoting the recycling of waste aluminum.

[0037] In summary, this technical solution has beneficial effects such as utilizing waste heat, efficient screening, anti-clogging, and simple implementation, and has important practical significance for promoting the recycling of waste aluminum. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a left view of a partial structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the preheating channel, showing a partially cut-off section.

[0042] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the state of the gate within the preheating channel.

[0043] Figure 5 Exploded view of the track, trolley, and geared motor;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the diversion mechanism and the gate.

[0045] Figure 7 A structural schematic diagram of the coordination between the evacuation mechanism and the gate from another perspective;

[0046] Figure 8 A dynamic diagram illustrating the operation of the diversion mechanism;

[0047] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of one of the states of the diversion mechanism when the gate is opened;

[0048] Figure 10 This is an exploded view of the components of the drainage mechanism.

[0049] Reference numerals: 1. Preheating channel; 11. Pivot hole; 12. Welding collar; 01. Aluminum ingot conveyor belt; 02. Mounting shaft; 03. Contact roller; 2. Screening device; 21. Screening assembly; 22. Vibration mechanism; 23. Discharge path; 3. Gate; 31. Gate body; 32. Rocker arm; 33. Connecting rod; 33. Track; 331. Trolley; 332. Gear drive motor; 333. Actuator; 334. Tension spring; 34. Guiding mechanism; 41. Flanged mounting part; 42. Strip guide hole; 43. Guide rod; 44. Slider.

[0050] Compression spring 45, mechanism housing 46, guide body 47, belt drive assembly 48, connecting actuator motor 49. Detailed Implementation

[0051] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0052] It is important to note that terms such as "first," "second," "symmetric," and "array" are used only to distinguish between descriptive and positional descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features specified with terms such as "first" or "symmetric" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature; similarly, when the quantity of certain features is not limited by words such as "two" or "three," it should be noted that such features also explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.

[0053] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to all the accompanying drawings.

[0054] like Figure 1-3 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a technical solution for screening waste aluminum using the waste heat generated during the conveyor belt lifting process in the aluminum ingot production process of a smelting furnace.

[0055] The plan includes:

[0056] Preheating Channel 1: A preheating channel 1 is attached to the upper surface of the inclined ascending section of the aluminum ingot conveyor belt 01, used for preheating the scrap aluminum blocks. Furthermore, the surface temperature of the aluminum ingot conveyor belt gradually increases from high to low in this inclined section, while the scrap aluminum blocks move downwards in the preheating channel 1 by gravity, resulting in more uniform and stable heating of the scrap aluminum blocks. Specifically, the scrap aluminum blocks enter the preheating channel 1 at a lower temperature, and the surface temperature of the aluminum ingot conveyor belt is also low at this time, with little temperature difference. As the scrap aluminum blocks slide down, the surface temperature of the aluminum ingot conveyor belt rises, and the heat absorbed by the scrap aluminum blocks gradually increases, thus causing the temperature of the scrap aluminum blocks to rise slowly. This avoids thermal stress damage and temperature fluctuations, achieving a stable and efficient preheating process.

[0057] Screening device 2: A set of screening devices 2 is installed at the outlet of preheating channel 1 to distinguish and separate preheated aluminum blocks from impurities such as plastic and wood. Screening device 2 includes:

[0058] (1) Multiple sets of screening components 21 with different pore sizes, the pore size gradually decreasing from top to bottom;

[0059] (2) A vibration mechanism 22 that provides vibration for each group of screening components 21;

[0060] (3) The unloading flow path 23 corresponding to each screening component 21.

[0061] The working principle of the screening device is as follows: waste material falls from the outlet of the preheating channel 1 to the uppermost screening component 21. Through the action of the vibration mechanism 22, waste materials of different sizes are quickly distributed on the corresponding screening components 21 and flow into the corresponding unloading flow path 23.

[0062] Airflow sorting device: Each unloading flow path 23 is equipped with an airflow sorting device to quickly separate aluminum blocks from impurities. The principle of airflow sorting is:

[0063] The preheated aluminum block has a high surface temperature (e.g., 150°C). When airflow blows through it, a significant convective heat transfer phenomenon occurs, with the aluminum block surface continuously transferring heat to the airflow, causing the airflow near the aluminum block surface to be heated and rise naturally. Plastics and wood, with their lower temperatures, do not exhibit this significant convection. The difference in the rising state of the airflow can be used to distinguish and separate aluminum blocks.

[0064] The specific structure of the airflow sorting device can be designed as follows:

[0065] A vertical annular airflow chamber is set up in the sorting area, with waste entering from the top. The inner wall of the annular airflow chamber is made of heat-insulating material to reduce heat loss. Several airflow nozzles are arranged at equal intervals in a ring at the bottom to generate a strong instantaneous airflow. The nozzles operate alternately at a certain frequency.

[0066] When the nozzle is working, if a significant upward airflow is detected within the annular airflow chamber, it is identified as an aluminum block. The corresponding top baffle is then opened to allow the aluminum block to exit. If no significant upward airflow is detected, it is identified as an impurity. The bottom baffle is then opened to remove the impurity.

[0067] Preferably, the detection can be performed using equipment such as a laser Doppler airflow velocity detector.

[0068] Preferably, adjacent unloading flow paths 23 are staggered to reduce mutual interference during sorting and detection. Multiple sets of screening components 21 and unloading flow paths 23 with different apertures are used because the temperature difference of the waste material decreases over time, requiring rapid sorting. Additionally, setting different sized baffles reduces space and power requirements.

[0069] In addition, after aluminum blocks and impurities are separated from the airflow sorting device, robotic arms or other actuators can be installed to replace the gates for further processing of the separated aluminum blocks and impurities.

[0070] Specifically, if the airflow velocity is detected and identified as an aluminum block, the corresponding baffle is opened to allow the aluminum block to exit into the aluminum collection area; if it is identified as an impurity, the corresponding baffle is opened to allow the impurity to be discharged into the impurity collection area. A robotic arm can be set up to automatically transport the aluminum block and impurity to the aluminum collection area and the impurity collection area respectively.

[0071] In order for the airflow sorting device to operate in batches and rhythmically, refer to Figure 4-10 Multiple gates 3 are set at intervals along the direction of waste material travel inside the preheating channel 1. By controlling the opening and closing of the gates 3, the waste material can be quantitatively supplied in batches to adapt to the rhythm of the airflow sorting device.

[0072] Furthermore, considering that the waste materials vary in size and shape after crushing, and some may even bend into hook shapes, these differently shaped waste materials are prone to clogging in the narrow preheating channel 1 by relying solely on gravity to slide down. To address this issue, a guiding mechanism 4 is also installed in the multi-gate 3. This mechanism can be a belt conveyor or similar device, used to help regulate the conveying direction and spacing of the waste materials, preventing them from clogging in the preheating channel 1.

[0073] The guiding mechanism 4 works in the following way: it works in conjunction with the multiple gates 3, activating the guiding mechanism 4 during the opening of each gate to allow waste to be guided through in an orderly manner; and stopping the guiding mechanism 4 during the closing of the gates. In this way, the orderly transmission of waste can be guaranteed.

[0074] In addition, considering that the tilt angle of the aluminum ingot conveyor belt is small (generally 20-35 degrees), the tendency of the scrap to slide down by gravity alone is limited. The setting of the guide mechanism 4 is also helpful to overcome this problem, thereby ensuring that the scrap can move smoothly in the preheating channel 1.

[0075] In one specific embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the preheating channel 1 has a rectangular cross-section, and multiple pivot holes 11 are spaced apart on both sides of the wall. The outer ring of the pivot hole 11 can be welded with a collar 12 to enhance the stability of the door after installation.

[0076] The structure of gate 3 in preheating channel 1 is as follows: Figure 4 As shown:

[0077] A door body 31 is rotatably mounted in each pivot hole 11 and connected to the mounting shaft 02 by bearings;

[0078] Outside the preheating channel 1, a rocker arm 32 is fixedly connected to each mounting shaft 02;

[0079] The connecting rod 33 connects the rocker arms 32 of two adjacent door bodies 31, and the two ends of the connecting rod can be connected by teeth.

[0080] One end is connected to the rocker arm 32, and the other end is connected to the tension spring 34 on the preheating channel 1 to keep the door in a closed state;

[0081] Applying an external force to the connecting rod 33 can overcome the tension of the tension spring 34 and open the door 31; after the external force is removed, the tension spring 34 will return the door 31 to the closed state.

[0082] Through this structural design, a simple mechanical transmission principle can be used to achieve stable control of the multiple gates 3, so as to realize the intermittent and quantitative conveying of waste materials.

[0083] In another specific embodiment based on the foregoing embodiments, the structure for applying external force to the connecting rod 33 adopts a guide rail trolley structure, which is composed as follows:

[0084] A track 331 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the preheating channel 1;

[0085] The trolley 332 is movably connected to the track 331;

[0086] The gear motor 333 drives the trolley 332 to achieve linear transmission on the track 331;

[0087] An actuator 334 is installed on the trolley 332.

[0088] The actuator 334 can adopt various structures, but they all share the common feature of being able to contact and apply force to the connecting rod 33 during the movement of the trolley, and then disengage from the connecting rod 33. For example, the actuator 334 can be a linear compression spring assembly or a pneumatic cylinder, etc.

[0089] The workflow is:

[0090] The gear-driven motor 333 drives the trolley 332 to move towards the connecting rod 33 corresponding to the door to be opened. The actuator 334 contacts and presses the connecting rod 33, applying an external force to it. When the external force overcomes the tension of the tension spring 34, the door 31 opens.

[0091] The gear transmission motor 333 drives the trolley 332 to move backward, the actuator 334 disengages from the connecting rod 33, and the door 31 closes under the action of the tension spring 34.

[0092] By repeating this process, intermittent and stable control of the door 31 can be achieved.

[0093] Based on the foregoing embodiments, the present invention also provides another specific implementation method, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 6-10 As shown:

[0094] The door body 31 and the mounting shaft 02 are two-section interrupted structures, with a gap provided at the interruption point;

[0095] The diversion mechanism 4 is installed in this gap. The diversion mechanism 4 mainly includes:

[0096] Flanged mounting part 41: It is cut off on one side of the door body and extends away from the bottom surface of the preheating channel 1;

[0097] Strip guide hole 42: It is formed on each flange 41, and has an angle when the door is opened, slightly lower than the end away from the mounting shaft 02;

[0098] Guide rod 43: It is arranged parallel to one side of the guide hole 42, with the side of the guide rod 43 away from the mounting shaft 02 being the fixed end and the other end being the free end;

[0099] Slider 44: Sleeve onto guide rod 43 and can slide;

[0100] Compression spring 45: It is sleeved on the outer circumference of guide rod 43, and its two ends abut against slider 44 and door body respectively;

[0101] The housing 46 is rotatably connected to the slider 44 at its center, which can drive the slider 44 to slide back and forth.

[0102] The dredging body 47 is fixedly installed inside the mechanism housing 46;

[0103] Belt drive assembly 48: Connects to actuator motor 49, which drives mechanism housing 46 to rotate.

[0104] The working principle is:

[0105] The actuator 49 drives the belt drive assembly 48 to work, causing the mechanism housing 46 to slowly rotate clockwise by a certain angle and then reverse to return to its original position, repeating this process.

[0106] When the housing 46 rotates, its upper end will abut against the top wall of the preheating channel 1;

[0107] Under this opposing force, the housing 46 of the mechanism will cause the slider 44, which is rotatably connected to it, to slide downwards;

[0108] When slider 44 slides downward, it will cause the guide body 47 to move to a lower position along the direction of the strip guide hole 42;

[0109] At the same time, due to the rotation of the housing 46, the dredging body 47 itself also achieves dynamic swinging;

[0110] In this way, the guide body 47 achieves a combined action of both downward pressing and swinging on the blocked waste material;

[0111] This combined downward pressure and swinging motion is superior to simple downward pushing, and can more effectively guide waste and prevent blockages.

[0112] Based on the foregoing embodiments, the following improvements can also be made:

[0113] The guiding body 47 is configured with a belt drive assembly, which allows the guiding body 47 to rotate when in contact with waste material, avoiding direct hard collisions and providing a gentler guiding process. The belt drive assembly also ensures that the contact between the guiding body 47 and the top wall of the preheating channel 1 is a rolling contact between the pulley and the top wall, which better protects both.

[0114] A contact roller 03 is provided on the side of the housing 46 near the top wall of the preheating channel 1. This allows the housing 46 to make contact with the top wall in advance when it rotates.

[0115] The setting of the contact roller 03 can make the mechanism housing 46 contact the top wall more quickly when it rotates, which can enrich the movement trajectory of the dredging body 47 and improve the dredging effect.

[0116] These improvements enable the rotating function of the dredging body, improve its contact with waste and the top wall of the channel, thereby enhancing the dredging effect and better protecting the equipment itself.

[0117] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these should all be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A waste aluminum screening device for utilizing waste heat from an aluminum ingot conveyor belt, characterized in that... ,include: A preheating channel (1) is attached to the upper surface of the inclined conveyor belt (01) for preheating scrap aluminum blocks; A screening device (2) is installed at the outlet of the preheating channel (1) to distinguish and separate preheated aluminum blocks and impurities; The screening device (2) includes multiple screening components (21) with different apertures, a vibration mechanism (22) that provides vibration for each screening component (21), and a discharge flow path (23) corresponding to each screening component (21); An airflow sorting device is installed on each of the unloading flow paths (23) to quickly distinguish aluminum blocks from impurities; The specific structure of the airflow sorting device is as follows: a vertical annular airflow chamber, with waste entering from the top; the inner wall of the annular airflow chamber is made of heat-insulating material; and airflow nozzles are arranged in a ring at equal intervals at the bottom of the annular airflow chamber. The nozzles operate alternately at a certain frequency. When a nozzle is operating, if a significant airflow rise is detected in the annular airflow chamber, it is determined to be an aluminum block, and the corresponding top baffle is opened to allow the aluminum block to exit. If no significant airflow rise is detected, it is an impurity, and the corresponding bottom baffle is opened to discharge the impurity.

2. The waste aluminum screening device for utilizing waste heat from aluminum ingot conveyor belts as described in claim 1, characterized in that... Also includes: Multiple gates (3) are installed in the preheating channel (1) to control the intermittent batch conveying of waste materials to adapt to the working rhythm of the airflow sorting device.

3. The waste aluminum screening device for utilizing waste heat from aluminum ingot conveyor belts as described in claim 2, characterized in that... The specific structure of the multiple gates (3) is as follows: The preheating channel (1) has a pivot hole (11) on its side wall, and a door (31) is rotatably connected in each pivot hole (11); each door (31) is fixedly connected to a rocker arm (32) outside the preheating channel (1) via a mounting shaft (02); the rocker arm (32) of the door (31) is connected via a connecting rod (33); the door (31) is held in a closed state by a tension spring (34); an external force is applied to the connecting rod (33), and the door (31) is opened by overcoming the tension of the tension spring (34).

4. The waste aluminum screening device for utilizing waste heat from aluminum ingot conveyor belts as described in claim 2, characterized in that... Also includes: The guide mechanism (4) installed in the multiple gates (3) is used to help guide the waste when the multiple gates (3) are opened, so as to prevent the waste from clogging.

5. The waste aluminum screening device for utilizing waste heat from aluminum ingot conveyor belts as described in claim 4, characterized in that... The guiding mechanism (4) is a belt drive assembly, which is rotatably connected to the gate body (31) of the multi-gate (3). The operation of the belt drive assembly drives the guiding body provided on the gate body (31). The guiding body has a combined action of pressing down and swinging on the waste material to achieve the guiding effect on the waste material.

6. A method for screening waste aluminum using the waste heat of an aluminum ingot conveyor belt, characterized in that... It includes the following steps: S1 transports the scrap aluminum blocks to the preheating channel (1) located on the upper surface of the aluminum ingot conveyor belt for preheating; The preheated waste aluminum blocks described in S2 enter the screening device (2) located at the outlet of the preheating channel (1), and are classified according to the size difference between the aluminum blocks and impurities using the screening device (2). The graded aluminum blocks and impurities described in S3 respectively enter the airflow separation device set on the discharge flow path (23) of the corresponding screening level; S4 uses the airflow sorting device to distinguish and sort aluminum blocks and impurities based on the difference in their influence on airflow. The airflow separation device specifically distinguishes aluminum blocks from impurities in the following ways: Airflow is alternately injected into the aluminum block and impurities within the annular airflow chamber; The airflow changes within the annular airflow cavity are monitored. If a significant increase in airflow is detected, the object is identified as an aluminum block and is removed from the container. If no significant increase in airflow is detected, the object is identified as an impurity and is removed from the container.

7. The method for screening waste aluminum using the waste heat of an aluminum ingot conveyor belt as described in claim 6, characterized in that... In the method, the waste aluminum blocks are quantitatively transported in batches and prevented from clogging by using multiple gates (3) set in the preheating channel (1) and a dredging mechanism (4) set in the multiple gates (3).

8. The method for screening waste aluminum using the waste heat of an aluminum ingot conveyor belt as described in claim 7, characterized in that... The guiding mechanism (4) is a belt drive assembly. In the method, the operation of the belt drive assembly drives the guiding body on the multiple gate (3) to produce a combined action of downward pressing and swinging, so as to guide the waste aluminum block.

9. The method for screening waste aluminum using the waste heat of an aluminum ingot conveyor belt as described in claim 6, characterized in that... The preheating channel (1) is attached to the upper surface of the inclined rising aluminum ingot conveyor belt (01), and the preheating is carried out using the residual heat on the aluminum ingot conveyor belt (01).

10. The method for screening waste aluminum using the waste heat of an aluminum ingot conveyor belt as described in claim 6, characterized in that... The airflow sorting device monitors changes in airflow within the annular airflow chamber by detecting changes in airflow velocity, thereby distinguishing aluminum blocks from impurities.

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